The Middle Colonies were founded in the mid-1600s and were located between New England and the Southern colonies. The Dutch originally founded New York as New Netherland, but it came under English control in 1664. New Jersey was established as a proprietary colony by the Duke of York in the 1660s. Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn in 1682 as a place for Quakers to worship freely. The Middle Colonies had a diverse population and economies focused on farming and trade.
2. Essential Questions – Middle Colonies Why were the Middle Colonies founded? How did the Middle Colonies differ from the New England Colonies? Who were influential people in the Middle Colonies?
5. New YorkFounding Let’s start with New Netherland… The Dutch East India Company ruled the colony Governor had near absolute control Land organized into manors owned by Patroons
6. New YorkFounding Peter Stuyvesant… Very strict governor of New Netherland Carried on costly wars with Indians Had to surrender to the English in 1664
7. New YorkFounding Under English rule… King Charles gave New Netherland to his brother – the Duke of YORK Ruled much like New Netherland In 1683, New York has its own assembly
8. New JerseyFounding The Duke’s gift… 1664 the Duke of York gave two friends part of New York New Jersey is established as a proprietary colony Proprietors… ran the colony as long as they gave the king a yearly payment and accepted his authority divided up the land and rented it Made laws that were in line with English law
9. New JerseyFounding Fertile land and freedom... New Jersey occupied fertile land between the Delaware and Atlantic People of many nations and religions settled in New Jersey 1702 New Jersey became a royal colony Directly under the King’s control New Jersey had a charter that established Religious freedom An assembly that voted
10. PennsylvaniaFounding A holy experiment… In 1682, William Penn established Pennsylvania The name means Penn’s woods Established so Quakers could worship freely
11. PennsylvaniaFounding The Quakers… Believed that all men and women were equal in God’s eyes No need for church leaders Would not pay taxes to Church of England Against fancy parts of religion Against war Persecuted in England and New England Were tolerant of other religions and people
12. PennsylvaniaFounding Government… Penn wrote the Frame of Government Explained how the colony would be run A representative assembly to make laws White men who owned land or paid taxes could vote Land should be bought from the Indians
13. PennsylvaniaFounding Philadelphia… Capital of the colony Means brotherly love in Greek Built on the Delaware river City was intended to have fields, gardens, and parks Grew into the most prosperous city in the English colonies
14. English Colonies England’s purpose… According to England the colonies might exist for… A place for discontents A test to see if it could be successful To make money Ultimately – THE COLONIES EXISTED TO FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE PARENT COUNTRY!!! Mercantilism
15. English Colonies England passed the Navigation Acts Meant to enrich England Controlled trade with the colonies Merchant ships had to be from colonies or England Ships must stop in England to pay taxes Sailors must be from England or the colonies Certain goods could only be sold in England Good and bad for colonies Protecting their investment…
