The document provides background information on the English colonization of New England and the Middle Colonies during the 17th century. It discusses how Puritan religious dissenters established colonies in New England like Plymouth to escape persecution in England. New England colonies focused on small farms, workshops, schools and churches to glorify God through hard work. The Dutch originally settled the mid-Atlantic coast and founded colonies like New Amsterdam, but England later conquered the region to gain control of the fur trade and weaken their Dutch economic rivals. The Middle Colonies had a more diverse population and promoted religious tolerance.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Chapter 8: New England During the Seventeenth Century, the social and economic pressure within England that generated the Chesapeake colonies also spawned the colonization of a region to the north named New England New England farms, workshops, counting houses, and gristmills-as well as churches and schools constituted the puritans’ effort to glorify God During the 1530s, Queen Elizabeth’s father, King Henry VIII, had rejected the Catholic pope to become the head of an independent Church of England A system of church courts gave the crown a vehicle to extort revenue and to punish dissidents Puritans sought to recover the original, pure, and simple church of Jesus Christ and his apostles Puritans wished to strip away church ceremony and formulaic prayers as legacies of papacy They longed to experience the “New Birth”: a transforming infusion of divine grace that liberated people from profound anxiety over their spiritual worthlessness and eternal life
3. Chapter 8: New England The puritan movement especially appealed to residents of the most commercialized area in England: the southeast, particularly London, East Anglia, and Sussex Puritans came from all ranks of English society, including a few aristocrats, but most belonged to the “middling sort” of small property holders Puritans held that men honored God and proved their own salvation by working hard in their occupation Puritans denounced conspicuous consumption and covetousness and urged generous donations to spread the gospel In 1604, King James I declared the Puritanism as well agreeth with monarchy as God and the devil The Puritan emigrants followed French and English marines, Fishermen, and fur traders who had visited the New England coast during the summers
4. Chapter 8: New England The first Puritan emigrants consisted of 102 Separatists, subsequently called the Pilgrims In 1620 they crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower to found a town named Plymouth on the South shore of Massachusetts Bay By 1640 the expanding settlements spawned new colonies The religious and the economic were interdependent in the lives of people who saw piety and property as mutually reinforcing During the 1620s and 1630s the English middling sort had economic cause to consider emigrating across the Atlantic At the same time, the depression of the cloth industry deepened, threatening to ruin hundreds of Puritan cloth-makers English people could more cheaply, easily, and certainly improve their material circumstances by moving to the nearby and booming Netherlands, which welcomed skilled immigrants
5. Chapter 8: New England English culture expected all adults to marry and divided their labors into male and female responsibilities Men conducted the heaviest work Women maintained the home and its nearby garden and cared for the numerous children The New English understood marriage as both romantic and economic New English women lived in closer proximity than did their Chesapeake sisters In New England, women could more readily and routinely visit to borrow, lend, help, and talk Women played a leading role in the oral circulation of news and opinion that determined the standing of men, as well as women, in the community Endowed with good ships and skilled marines, New England merchants developed profitable and far-flung transatlantic trading networks of growing complexity
6. Chapter 12: Middle Colonies Until mid-century, the English neglected the intervening mid-Atlantic coast, despite its advantages More fertile and temperature than New England, but far healthier than the Chesapeake, the mid-Atlantic region was especially promising for cultivating grain, raising livestock, and reproducing people The English neglect enabled the Dutch and Swedes to establish their own small colonies By conquering New Netherland, Charles and James meant to strengthen England’s commerce by weakening its principal rival, the Dutch Empire The conquest also initiated the development of a new cluster of English colonies- the middle colonies, defined by their setting between New England and the Chesapeake Possessing Europe’s most efficient merchant marine and fishing fleet, the Dutch dominated the carrying trade of Northern and Western Europe, the North Seas Fisheries, and Arctic whaling
7. Chapter 12: Middle Colonies The combination of republican government, religious toleration, naval power, colonial trade, and a manufacturing boom endowed the Dutch with the greatest national wealth and the highest standard of living in Europe By 1650 the Dutch reaped most of the profits taken in European commerce with China, India, Africa, Brazil, and the Caribbean In 1614 Dutch traders established a year-round presence on the upper Hudson by founding Fort Nassau, later relocated and renamed Fort Orange, with an associated village called Beverwyck Upriver the Dutch were too few, and too dependent upon trade, to intimidate their native neighbors, the formidable Iroquois Five Nations The upriver respect for Iroquois power contrasted with the Dutch treatment of the Hudson River Indians, a disunited set of Algonquian-speaking bands The Dutch counted on the high quality and low prices of their goods to attract Indian trade
8. Chapter 12: Middle Colonies Dutch relations with the Indians were far worse in the lower Hudson Valley, where the growing numbers of colonists clashed with the local Algonquians In contrast to English women, Dutch wives kept their sisters maiden names, which reflected their more autonomous identity by law The English succeeded as colonizers largely because their society was less successful at keeping people content at home Poorer and more disaffected, the seventeenth-century English prevailed in emigrating to colonize the Atlantic seaboard of north America Any trade open to the merchants and mariners of the mother country was equally open to the colonists The expansion of transoceanic trade had powerful multiplier effects upon the English and colonial economies Provisioning ships for long voyages encouraged commercial agriculture, while overseas markets stimulated demand for English manufactures, especially cloth and metal goods
9. Chapter 12: Middle Colonies King Charles II meant to eliminate New Amsterdam as a base for Dutch shippers who traded with Virginia, to capture the valuable fur trade conducted on the upper Hudson Fearing the destruction of their town and property, the intimidated Dutch refused to fight, obliging the enraged Governor Stuyvesant to surrender The imposition of English common law eroded the opportunities for Dutch colonial women to hold, manage, and dispose of property By conquering New Netherland, the English replaced the Dutch in their alliance and trade with Iroquois Five Nations, particularly the Mohawk Obliged to make a humiliating peace, the Iroquois accepted French Jesuit missionaries in 1667 The Iroquois traditionalists acted from a renewed confidence in Albany as a source of trade and a base for allies Peter Stuyvesant, in 1664, standing among residents of New Amsterdam who are pleading with him to surrender to the British who have arrived in warships to claim the territory for England