The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan, is a spacecraft that has been orbiting Mars since September 24, 2014 after launching on November 5, 2013. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and carries a scientific payload of 14.49 kg to study the Martian atmosphere and surface composition. ISRO was able to successfully send the spacecraft on a Mars intercept trajectory in December 2013 and place it into an elliptical orbit around Mars in September 2014.

1. The Mars Orbiter Mission(MOM),alsocalled Mangalyaan ("Mars-craft"fromSanskritमंगलmangala,
"Mars" andयान yāna,"craft,vehicle"),[9][10]
is a spacecraftorbiting Mars since 24 September2014. It was
launchedon5 November2013 by the IndianSpace ResearchOrganisation (ISRO)underthe guidance of
the ProjectDirectorMylswamyAnnadurai
मंगलयान
Artist's rendering of the MOM orbiting Mars
Mission type Mars orbiter
Operator ISRO
COSPAR ID 2013-060A
SATCAT № 39370
Website www.isro.org/mars/home.aspx
Mission duration 6 months (planned)[1]
Spacecraft properties
Bus I-1K[2]

2. Manufacturer ISAC
Launch mass 1,337 kg (2,948 lb)[3]
Dry mass 500 kg (1,100 lb)
Payload mass 15 kg (33 lb)[4]
Dimensions 1.5-metre (4 ft 11 in) cube
Power 840 watts[2]
Start of mission
Launch date 5 November 2013, 09:08 UTC[5]
Rocket PSLV-XL C25[6]
Launch site Satish Dhawan FLP
Contractor ISRO
Orbital parameters
Reference system Areocentric
Periareon 421.7 km (262.0 mi)[7]
Apoareon 76,993.6 km (47,841.6 mi)[7]
Inclination 150.0° [7]
Period 72 hours 51 minutes 51 seconds[7]

3. Epoch Planned
Mars orbiter
Orbital insertion 24 September 2014, 02:00 UTC
Introduction
Total Weight (kg) 1,350
Science Payload Weight (kg) 14.49
Fuel Load (kg) 850
Launch Date November 5, 2013
Trans Mars Injection December 1, 2013
Mars Orbit Insertion September 24, 2014
Planned Mars Orbit Periapsis: 365-km, Apoapsis: 80,000 km, Orbital Period: Approx 77-hr
ISRO launched the 1,350 kg Mars Orbiter Mission - Manglayaan - from Sriharikota using PSLV-C25, an
XL variant of the launcher, on November 5, 2013 at 14:38 hrs to avail of the November 2013 launch
window for the planet. The launch was earlier scheduled for October 28, 2013, but was postponed to
accommodate the delay in the arrival in South Pacific, due to bad weather, of one of the two SCI ships to
be used for tracking the launch of the spacecraft.
ISRO was sent hurtling on a Mars intercept trajectory from earth orbit at 0.42 hours on December 1.
The Mars orbiter will be placed in an orbit of 372 x 80,000 km around Mars on September 24, 2014.
The spacecraft carries 14.49 kg of scientific payload on- board.
ISRO initially planned to use the GSLV to launch a 500 kg Mars orbiter with 25 kg scientific payload, but
scaled down its plans because of two back to back failures of the launcher in 2010.
The GOI sanctioned seed money of Rs 10 crore in August 2009 to carry out studies on suitable
experiments for the mission.
The budget for FY 2012-13 allocated Rs. 125 crore for the mission during the financial year. The union
cabinet cleared the project on Friday, August 3, 2012.
Liquid Engine

4. The Liquid Engine (LM) on the MOM, also called the 440-Newton Liquid Engine, is a modified version of
the Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) used on earlier missions that required orbit raising, such as
Chandrayaan.
The following are the payloads short listed for the Mars orbiter: [via The Hindu]
1. Thermal Infrared spectrometer weighing 4 kg to map the surface composition of Mars.
2. Color camera weighing 1.4 kg
3. Lyman-alpha photometer weighing 1.5 kg to measure atomic hydrogen in the Martian
atmosphere.
4. Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) to study the Martian atmosphere.
5. Methane Sensor weighing 3.59 kg capable of scanning the entire Martian disc within six minutes
6.
7.
8.
9. The mission has a very specific science objective as we want to study the atmosphere of Mars.
This mission will explore things which have not been done previously by other countries,” he said.
10.
11. An ISRO scientist told The Pioneer in August 2012 that the Indian orbiter "will concentrate on
climate and geology which is going to be crucial for future explorations of Mars." [via The Pioneer]
Fuel Status
The MOM carried 850-kg of fuel at launch, of which 365-kg was used for orbit raising and 198-kg for TMI.
That left a healthy balance of 287-kg.
DNA reported on December 19, 2013, quoting ISRO's AS Kirankumar, that the fuel burnt till date is 470
kg.
Following TCM-2 on June 11, the spacecraft has 290 kg of fuel left. About 240 kilograms will be burnt as
the spacecraft enters the Martian orbit on September 24, 2014. [via
Mars Orbiter Team
In October 2012, ISRO announced Dr M Annadurai as program director of the Mars Orbiter Mission. SK
Shivkumar will oversee design and development of the Orbiter. [via DNA]
Annadurai was earlier project director of Chandrayaan 1. Shivkumar, who played a key role in realizing
the ground segment for Chandrayaan 1, is the director of Isro Satellite Center in Bengaluru, which will
be t he lead center for the design, development, fabrication and testing of the Mars Orbiter Mission's
payloads and satellites.
Following his appointment, Annadurai told DNA, “It is one more challenge for us to execute. The Mars
Orbiter Mission is an extension of the earlier mission (Chandrayaan I) as we are looking to explore
beyond the Moon.”

5. S. Arunan is the Mars mission Project Director.