India's first Mars orbiter mission called Mangalyaan was launched in 2013 with the goals of demonstrating technologies for an interplanetary mission and exploring Mars' surface features and atmosphere. The spacecraft was inserted into Mars' orbit in 2014 on its first attempt and has now completed over 4 years in orbit, far exceeding its intended mission duration of 6 months. Future missions aim to collect core samples from Mars' surface that could shed light on past life and be returned to Earth for further analysis.

1. MANGALYAAN
INDIA’S FIRST MARS ORBITER MISSION
PRESENTED BY:
A-810- SIDDHESH BHOGVEKAR
A-811- PALAK BHUTRA
A-812- PRATHAMESH BODAS

2. OVERVIEW
• Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), the maiden interplanetary mission of ISRO,
launched on November 5, 2013
• It got inserted into the maritian orbit on September 24, 2014 in its first
attempt
• PSLV-C25, twenty fifth flight of PSLV (Polar satellite Launch Vehicle) launched
Mars Orbiter Mission Spacecraft.
• It was launched from first launch pad at SATISH DHAWAN SPACE CENTRE
SHAR, SRIHARIKOTA.

3. THE BUDGET OF THIS MISSION WAS 470 CRORES!

4. MISSION OBJECTIVES
• ONE OF THE MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE FIRST INDIAN MISSION TO MARS IS TO DEVELOP THE
TECHNOLOGIES REQUIRED FOR DESIGN, PLANNING, MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF AN
INTERPLANETARY MISSION. FOLLOWING ARE THE MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THE MISSION:
A. TECHNOLOGICAL OBJECTIVES:
• Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a capability to survive and perform Earth bound
manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars.
• Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and managemen
• Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.
B. SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES:
• Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by indigenous
scientific instruments.

5. PSLV C-25
The challenging PSLV-C25 mission was optimised for the launch of
Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft into a highly elliptical Earth orbit with
a perigee (nearest point to Earth) of 250 km and an apogee (farthest
point to Earth) of 23,500 km with an inclination of 19.2 degree with
respect to the equator.

6. SPACECRAFT DESIGN
• Mass: The lift-off mass was 1,337.2 kg (2,948 lb), including 852 kg (1,878 lb) of propellant.
• Bus: The spacecraft's bus is a modified I-1 K structure and propulsion hardware configuration, similar
to Chandrayaan-1, India's lunar orbiter that operated from 2008 to 2009, with specific improvements and
upgrades needed for a Mars mission. The satellite structure is constructed of an aluminium and composite
fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) sandwich construction.
• Power: Electric power is generated by three solar array panels of 1.8 m × 1.4 m (5 ft 11 in × 4 ft 7 in) each
(7.56 m2 (81.4 sq ft) total), for a maximum of 840 watts of power generation in Mars orbit. Electricity is stored
in a 36 Ah Lithium-ion battery.
• Propulsion: A liquid fuel engine with a thrust of 440 newtons (99 lbf) is used for orbit raising and insertion into
Mars orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22-newton (4.9 lbf) thrusters for attitude control (orientation). Its
propellant mass at launch was 852 kg (1,878 lb).
• Attitude and Orbit Control System: Maneuvering system that includes electronics with a MAR31750 processor,
two star sensors, a solar panel Sun sensor, a coarse analog Sun sensor, four reaction wheels, and the primary
propulsion system.
• Antennae: Low gain antenna, mid gain antenna, and high gain antenna.

7. MISSION PROFILE

9. SENSOR
OUTPUTS

10. LATEST UPDATES ON MOM:
• In its voyage towards Mars, the mission successfully completed 100 days in space on February 12,
2014.
• MOM completes 4 years in its orbit on September 24, 2018 though the designed mission life of MOM
was six months.
• MOM is built with full autonomy to take care of itself for long periods without any ground intervention.
The spacecraft came out of communication ‘blackout’ and ‘whiteout’ geometry successfully during this
period.
• Phobos and Deimos, the two moons of Mars were also imaged from close distances by Mars Colour
Camera (MCC) camera and MOM is the only Martian artificial satellite which could image the full disc of
Mars in one view frame and also image the far side of Deimos.

12. FUTURE EXPEDITIONS:
• The mission takes the next step by not only seeking signs
of habitable conditions on Mars in the ancient past, but
also searching for signs of past microbial life itself.
• The Mars 2020 rover introduces a drill that can collect
core samples of the most promising rocks and soils and
set them aside in a "cache" on the surface of Mars.
• It is car-sized, about 10 feet long (not including the arm),
9 feet wide, and 7 feet tall. But at 2,260 pounds (1,025
kilograms), it weighs less than a compact car.
• The rover parts are similar to what any living creature
would need to keep it "alive" and able to explore.
• A future mission could potentially return these
samples to Earth.
Mars 2020 Mission By
NASA

13. THANK YOU!