The document discusses India's Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) launched in 2013. MOM's objectives were to develop technologies for designing and operating an interplanetary mission, and to explore Mars' surface, atmosphere, and mineralogy using scientific instruments. The mission cost 4.54 billion rupees total. MOM's spacecraft weighed 1350 kg and carried 5 scientific payloads. It was successfully launched on November 5, 2013 and entered Mars' orbit on September 24, 2014, making India the first Asian nation to reach Mars.

2. CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION TO MARS
2. WHY IS MARS MOST DISCOVERED?
3. ABOUT ISRO
4. ABOUT MANGALYAAN
5. MISSION OBJECTIVES
6. MISSION COST
7. HISTORY
8. TEAM
9. SPACECRAFT
10. PAYLOAD
11. ATMOSPHERIC STUDIES
12. TELEMENTARY AND COMMAND
13. LAUNCH
14. PEOPLE PERSPECTIVE

3. • Mars is the seventh largest planet in our solar system & fourth
from Sun.
• Mars is named after the Roman god of war.
• Atmospheric components of Mars are 95% carbon dioxide, 3%
nitrogen, 1.6% argon.
• Average Surface Temperature: 530 C
• Mars has 2 natural satellites:-
• Phobos
• Deimos

4. Why Mars is most discovered?
 Natural conditions are similar
to Arctic & Antarctic zones of
Earth.
 Surface conditions are
habitable.
 Similar geology as compared to
Earth.
 Availability of Water in the
form of Ice & Glaciers.

6. The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), informally called Mangalyaan (Sanskrit:
मङ्गलयान, "Mars-Craft"), is a Mars orbiter launched into Earth orbit on 5
November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is
expected to enter orbit around Mars on 24 September 2014.

7. One of the main objectives of the first Indian mission to Mars is to develop the technologies
required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission.
Following are the major objectives of the mission:
A. Technological Objectives:
1. Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a capability to survive and perform Earth
bound manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit
phase around Mars.
2. Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management.
3. Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.
B. Scientific Objectives:
1. Exploration of Mars surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere by
indigenous scientific instruments.

8. MISSION COST
• STUDY COST:- `1.25 BILLION
• TOTAL COST:- `4.54 BILLION

10. The MOM mission concept began with a feasibility study in 2010, after
the launch of lunar satellite Chandrayaan-1 in 2008. The government of
India approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the Indian Space
Research Organisation completed `1.25 billion (US $21 million) of
required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to
`4.54 billion (US $77 million). The satellite costs `1.53 billion (US$26
million) and the rest of the budget has been attributed to ground
stations and relay upgrades that will be used for other ISRO projects.

11. 1. K. Radhakrishan – Chairman, ISRO
2. A. S. Kiran Kumar – Director, SAC
3. Mylswamy Annadurai – Programme Director, MOM
4. B. S. Chandrashekar – Director, ISTRAC
5. P. Kunhi Krishnan – Launch Mission Director, PSLV-XL
6. V. Kesava Raju – Post-Launch Mission Director, MOM
7. S. K. Shiv Kumar – Orbiting payload Director, ISAC
8. P. Ekambaram – Operations Director, MOM
9. P. Robert – Operations Director, MOM
10. Subbiah Arunan – Project Director, MOM
11. B. Jayakumar – Launch Vehicle Director, PSLV

12. 1,350 kg (2,980 lb)
Cuboid in shape of approximately 1.5 m (4 feet 11 inches).
Similar to Chandrayaan 1

13. Electric power is generated by three solar array panels of 1.8 m × 1.4 m
Liquid fuel engine of 440 N thrust is used for orbit raising and insertion in
Martian orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22 N thrusters for attitude control or orientation.
The antenna array consists of a low-gain antenna, a
medium-gain antenna and a high-gain antenna

14. LAP Lyman-Alpha Photometer 1.97 kg
MSM Methane Sensor For Mars 2.94 kg
MENCA Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser 3.56 kg
TIS Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer 3.20 kg
MCC Mars Colour Camera 1.27 kg
The 15 kg (33 lb) scientific payload consists of five instruments:

15. First image of the Earth by Mars Color Camera (MCC) of Mars orbiter
Spacecraft taken on Nov 19, 2013 at 13:50 hrs. (IST) from 67975 km
altitude with a resolution of 3.53 km.

16. The Indian Space Research Organisation Telemetry, Tracking and
Command Network performed navigation and tracking
operations for the launch with ground stations at Sriharikota,
Port Blair, Brunei and Biak in Indonesia, and after the
spacecraft's apogee became more than 100,000 km, two large
18-metre and 32-metre diameter antennas of the Indian Deep
Space Network started to be utilised.

17. PSLV-C25 carrying the Mars Orbiter Mission spacecraft was launched from
Sriharikota on 5 November 2013.

18. PEOPLE PERSPECTIVE
+ve
•First Asian and fourth in world to reach the Red Planet i.e. , MARS.
•Put INDIA out from space fearing nations.
•International standing
-ve
•Unwanted expenditure.
•Economy slowdown.
•Major problems in country are Poverty, Hunger and Illiteracy.