- Gymnosperms are a group of vascular plants whose seeds are not enclosed in an ovary. They include four divisions: coniferophyta, cycadophyta, ginkgophyta, and gnetophyta. - Gymnosperms range in size from small shrubs to the largest trees. They are found worldwide but are especially abundant in coniferous forests in northern temperate regions. - Gymnosperms have a variety of uses for humans including lumber, paper, resins for paints and varnishes, and medicinal oils. Their wood is also used for construction and railroad ties.