Here is a possible 10 mark response using the source and own knowledge:
The Nazi Party announced its 25 point programme in 1920 which set out its nationalist and anti-Semitic policies. This helped gain some early support. However, Hitler's tactics were too extreme at this stage. In 1921 he set up the SA or Brownshirts as a private army to use violence and intimidation against political opponents. This foreshadowed the militant tactics that would later help the Nazis rise to power.
The Munich Putsch in 1923 where Hitler tried to seize power by force was a failure and led to his arrest. This event marked an important change in Hitler's approach. After being released from prison in 1924/25, Hitler realised he needed to use
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...George Dumitrache
Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany's ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the former World War I Allies didn't buy Germany's claim that it couldn't afford to pay.
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CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: SUCCESSES OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. Presentation suitable for Cambridge History Students in Year 11, containing: a general overview, Yugoslavia and Albania 1921, Aaland Islands 1921, Upper Silesia 1921, Memel 1923, Turkey 1923, Mosul, Greece and Bulgaria 1925, other successes..
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...George Dumitrache
Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany's ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the former World War I Allies didn't buy Germany's claim that it couldn't afford to pay.
CAMBRIDGE HISTORY: SOURCES. Contains elements about how to write the exam: what to do first, understanding sources, understanding cartoons, compare and contrast sources, mini-essay synthesis of all sources, how to approach the mini-essay, write the answer, conclusion.
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: SUCCESSES OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONSGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: SUCCESSES OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. Presentation suitable for Cambridge History Students in Year 11, containing: a general overview, Yugoslavia and Albania 1921, Aaland Islands 1921, Upper Silesia 1921, Memel 1923, Turkey 1923, Mosul, Greece and Bulgaria 1925, other successes..
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: GERMANY AT THE END OF WORLD WAR 1George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: GERMANY AT THE END OF WORLD WAR 1. It contains: the end of the Kaiser, left-wing revolutionaries, Spartacist rising, Bavarian Socialist Republic, National Assembly, Weimar Constitution, Bill of Rights.
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The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
ABYSSINIAN CRISIS. The Abyssinian Crisis was over in 1936. Italy and Mussolini continually ignored the League of Nations and fully annexed Abyssinia on May 9th 1936. The League of Nations was shown to be ineffective. The League had not stood up against one of the strongest members and fulfilled the promise of collective security.
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The League of Nations was formed to prevent a repetition of the First World War, but within two decades this effort failed. Economic depression, renewed nationalism, weakened successor states, and feelings of humiliation (particularly in Germany) eventually contributed to World War II.
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The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
ABYSSINIAN CRISIS. The Abyssinian Crisis was over in 1936. Italy and Mussolini continually ignored the League of Nations and fully annexed Abyssinia on May 9th 1936. The League of Nations was shown to be ineffective. The League had not stood up against one of the strongest members and fulfilled the promise of collective security.
Lesson 1 of 4: The Rise of Hitler - Circumstances in Germany
In this lesson, we studied how the circumstances in Germany contributed to Hitler's rise to power. First, we made connections between what we studied in Chapter 1 (Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations) and the start of Chapter 3. Then, we looked at the three major issues in Germany: the weakness of the Weimar Government, the problem of hyperinflation, and the severe impact of the Great Depression.
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CAMBRIDGE A2 HISTORY: WHY WAS STALIN VICTORIOUS OVER TROTSKY? Contains: Lenin's demise and thoughts, Stalin's propaganda, Stalin's political power, Trotsky's political power, Trotsky as a viable replacement for Lenin, New Opposition, exiled, Lenin's role in Stalin rise to power, downfall for Trotsky, differences between Stalin and Trotsky, Trotsky weak in playing politics.
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LEAGUE OF NATIONS: EFFECTS OF GREAT DEPRESSION.
The League of Nations was formed to prevent a repetition of the First World War, but within two decades this effort failed. Economic depression, renewed nationalism, weakened successor states, and feelings of humiliation (particularly in Germany) eventually contributed to World War II.
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1. Learning Objectives:
• To understand how Germany was affected by the Wall Street
Crash of 1929
• Examine how did the Wall Street Crash benefit the Nazi Party
The Great Depression
2. Recap: How did the Nazi Party develop
and organise its ideas up to1929?
‘Hitler was no more
than the leader of a
small splinter party,
scarcely known
outside of Bavaria and
very likely doomed to
remain forever on the
fringe of political life’
Historian, 1929
How much do you agree with the
above statement? What evidence
have you found to support your
argument?
3. The Lean years of the
Nazi’s
LO: To suggest
reasons for the
Nazi Party’s poor
performance in
elections, 1924-
1929.
Since 1923 inflation had eased, employment
had increased and the public were better off.
This was largely due to the work of Gustav
Stresemann, who was popular both in
Germany and abroad.
In 1925 Hindenburg, the well-respected 78
year old ex-field marshal of the German
army, became president. His reputation
restored confidence in the Weimar Republic.
As a result of all of the above, voters
supported the Weimar government and the
moderate parties instead of voting for
extremists like the Nazis.
4. The Great Depression
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
Why do you think the Golden
Years officially came to an end
in 1929?
Shortly before Gustav Stresemann died in
1929 he stated:
“The economic position is only
flourishing on the surface. Germany is in
fact dancing on a volcano. If the short-
term credits are called in, a large section
of our economy would collapse.”
What can you learn from the source
about the German economy in 1929?
5. Write as many words/phrases as you can to describe the event
these pictures are illustrating
The Great Depression
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
6. The Great Depression
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
• In October 1929, share prices began
to fall on the Wall Street Stock
exchange
• Falling shares meant people’s
investments fell in value
• Worried about losing money, people
rushed to sell their shares before their
value fell any further
• On ‘Black Thursday’, 24 October
1929, 13 million shares were sold
• This panic selling made things worse,
and sent prices even lower
• Shares worth $20,000 in the morning
were worth $1000 by the end of the
day’s trading
• Within a week, investors had lost over
$4000million
7. • Bankers and Financiers in the USA recalled the
loans made to Germany under the Dawes Plan in
1924 which left Germany with no money.
• International trade decreased rapidly, which meant
Germany could not get any funds from exports.
• As a result, Germany did not need to produce so
much, so factories closed and employers sacked
workers.
• This also affected German farmers, who were not in
a good position to start with.
The Great Depression: Its
affects on Germany
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
8. The Great Depression
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
Using your text books (pages 46-49)
and the internet.
In pairs develop a role play
conversation that you might have with
one of the people you have read
about in the sources.
Your conversation may focus on:
• What life is like?
• How they have been effected?
• Who do they hold responsible for
their wows and why?
You will role play your conversation at
the beginning of next lesson.
9. In pairs, label yourselves A and B
Student A
• You have one minute
to explain to your
partner…
• What was the Wall
Street Crash?
• How did it happen?
• How did it affect
America?
Student B
• You have one minute
to explain to your
partner…
• How did the American
depression affect
Germany?
• Explain carefully how
it spread to Germany.
The Great Depression
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
10. Social
Economic
Political
For each category, give evidence of
how Germany was affected by the
Wall Street Crash
Can you link together the problems?
Link…
The Great Depression
LO: Examine
how did the Wall
Street Crash
benefit the Nazi
Party
11. The Great Depression
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
Source C
Four private armies, with knives, revolvers and knuckle-dusters rampaged through the towns- the
SA of the Nazis, the Red Front of the KPD, the Sozi of the SPD and the Stalhelmer. The
Reichswehr (the army) were nowhere.
Kurt Ludecke, an eyewitness, reporting in 1930
Using the sources below and what you have learnt so far explain the impact of the
great depression on Germany?
Source A
September 1928 650,000 unemployed
September 1929 1,320,000 unemployed
September 1930 3,000,000 unemployed
September 1931 4,350,000 unemployed
September 1932 5,102,000 unemployed
January 1933 6,100,000 unemployed
Source B
12. Many people within Germany were said to be ‘doubly bitter’ with the
Weimar Government. This was the second time that the government had
thrown Germany into large scale economic depression, the first time being
during the period of hyperinflation in 1923
How far do you think that the German
Government can be blamed for the economic
depression that hit Germany after the Wall
Street Crash?
The Great Depression
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
13. 1. Unpopular economic policies
o Scared of past mistakes – Hyperinflation
o Raised taxes, cut wages and reduced unemployment
benefits
2. Presidential rule
o Social democrats left the coalition
o Chancellor Bruning fell back on Article 48
3. The rise of extremism
o Politics now mattered to everyone
o Increase in political violence
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
The Great Depression: Effects on
the Weimar Republic
How did the Depression weaken the Weimar
government?
14. Group How were they
affected?
Why were they
affected?
Who will they
blame?
Businessmen
Factory
workers
Farm workers
Young people
Middle class
The Great Depression: Effects
on different people
LO: To
understand how
Germany was
affected by the
Wall Street Crash
of 1929
15. Businessmen saw their businesses close. People had less money to
spend on goods so demand fell, leading to profits also falling. Businesses
had to either sack people or shut down.
Young People could not find work. In 1933 over half of all Germans
between the ages of 16 and 30 were unemployed. Sixty per cent of new
university graduates could not get a job.
Farmers had not done well in the 1920s. Agriculture in Germany had been
suffering for a number of years. Prices had been falling since 1925. In the
1930s farmers slipped further into debt. Farmers sold their land or
struggled in poverty.
As businesses closed, unemployment rose. 40% of all Factory Workers
were unemployed by 1932. At the same time the government cut
unemployment benefit to save money. For the unemployed this was a time
of extreme poverty.
Middle classes lost their businesses, savings and investments. Many lost
money as the banks collapsed whilst others had to shut down their
businesses as their loans were recalled. They also suffered when Bruning
put up taxes.
16. Exam Question
d) Study the source below and then answer the question that
follows.
Source: From a modern textbook
In 1920, the Nazi Party announced a 25 point programme
and support for the party steadily increased. The
following year Hitler set up the Sturmabteilung (SA). The
Munich Putsch of 1923 led to Hitler’s arrest and
imprisonment and a change in his tactics.
Use the source, and your own knowledge, to explain how
the Nazi Party changed in the years 1920–28.
(10 Marks)
Editor's Notes
As early as 1926, there were signs that the boom was under threat - this was seen in the collapse of land prices in Florida.
Eventually, there were too many goods being made and not enough people to buy them.
Farmers had produced too much food in the 1920s, so prices for their produce became steadily lower.
There were too many small banks - these banks did not have enough funds to cope with the sudden rush to take out savings, which happened in the autumn of 1929.
Too much speculation on the stock market - the middle class had a lot to lose and they had spent a lot on what amounted to pieces of paper.
Unemployment - 13 million people were out of work.
Industrial production dropped by 45 per cent between 1929 and 1932.
House-building fell by 80 per cent between 1929 and 1932.
The entire American banking system reached the brink of collapse.
From 1929 to 1932, 5,000 banks went out of business.
Although many people went hungry, the number of recorded deaths from starvation during the Depression was 110, although many other illnesses and deaths were probably related to a lack of nutrition.