This document provides instructions for analyzing 10 photos by identifying the subject, nature, location, lighting, and focus for each photo, then using knowledge of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO to determine how each photo was captured.
The photographs in the document vary in their composition, with some taken from far away using telephoto lenses and others as portraits. Many of the photos show depth of field within landscapes or document people, cultures, or food chains. The photos serve as examples that record locations and tell stories on their own, focusing on discovery, which is the theme of the project.
This document provides information on switching from automatic to manual modes on a camera. It describes the characteristics and uses of different exposure modes including Program, Shutter Priority, Aperture Priority, and Manual. It also covers different scene modes like Portrait, Landscape, Macro, Sports, and Night Portrait. The exposure triangle of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO is explained. Concepts of over and underexposure, depth of field, freezing versus blurring motion, and the relationship between ISO and image quality are discussed. Activities are suggested to understand these photographic concepts hands-on.
RAW files contain unprocessed image data directly from the camera sensor, while JPEG files are compressed and processed images ready for sharing. RAW files provide more flexibility and control during post-processing by allowing adjustments to settings like white balance but take up more storage space than JPEG files. For casual photography or when storage space is limited, JPEG format may be preferable, while RAW is better when more editing flexibility or control over the final image is desired.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document outlines the course content for a photography course. The course will include photo expeditions around the world to locations like the Atacama Crossing and Sahara Race. Students will learn camera skills, work with professionals, create a blog and portfolio, and have a final exhibition. Other course activities include mind mapping reasons to take photographs, identifying appealing photography genres, customizing blogs, analyzing inspiring images, taking photos around school for a collage focusing on color or texture, and creating a group collage of the alphabet using everyday objects found in the environment.
The document summarizes an orangutan enclosure design created by four students. The enclosure was designed using Google Sketchup after initial hand sketches proved difficult. It includes trees, a cave, running water, and food sources to allow the orangutans freedom of natural behavior, hydration, hunger, discomfort, pain and distress. Each student contributed specific elements to the final enclosure design.
The document provides instructions for designing a new orangutan enclosure for Tasikoki, an orangutan sanctuary. Students are asked to design an enclosure that meets the five animal freedoms and can be modeled using Google SketchUp, a physical model, or detailed diagram. The top designs will be sent to Tasikoki to redesign their current orangutan enclosure.
This document discusses changes in China under Mao Zedong between 1949-1957, including changes to the role of women. It explains that prior to 1949, women faced legal discrimination, child marriage, polygamy, and becoming property of their husbands. The 1950 Marriage Law gave women legal equality, banning arranged marriage, polygamy, child brides, and the sale of women. It transformed women's lives but also expected them to take on equal physical labor as men as well as maintain domestic roles. Women were encouraged to work in education, healthcare, and industry, reducing unemployment, but often had little choice in their assigned jobs. Other changes included an eight hour work day, paid holidays, and universal education and healthcare.
The photographs in the document vary in their composition, with some taken from far away using telephoto lenses and others as portraits. Many of the photos show depth of field within landscapes or document people, cultures, or food chains. The photos serve as examples that record locations and tell stories on their own, focusing on discovery, which is the theme of the project.
This document provides information on switching from automatic to manual modes on a camera. It describes the characteristics and uses of different exposure modes including Program, Shutter Priority, Aperture Priority, and Manual. It also covers different scene modes like Portrait, Landscape, Macro, Sports, and Night Portrait. The exposure triangle of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO is explained. Concepts of over and underexposure, depth of field, freezing versus blurring motion, and the relationship between ISO and image quality are discussed. Activities are suggested to understand these photographic concepts hands-on.
RAW files contain unprocessed image data directly from the camera sensor, while JPEG files are compressed and processed images ready for sharing. RAW files provide more flexibility and control during post-processing by allowing adjustments to settings like white balance but take up more storage space than JPEG files. For casual photography or when storage space is limited, JPEG format may be preferable, while RAW is better when more editing flexibility or control over the final image is desired.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document outlines the course content for a photography course. The course will include photo expeditions around the world to locations like the Atacama Crossing and Sahara Race. Students will learn camera skills, work with professionals, create a blog and portfolio, and have a final exhibition. Other course activities include mind mapping reasons to take photographs, identifying appealing photography genres, customizing blogs, analyzing inspiring images, taking photos around school for a collage focusing on color or texture, and creating a group collage of the alphabet using everyday objects found in the environment.
The document summarizes an orangutan enclosure design created by four students. The enclosure was designed using Google Sketchup after initial hand sketches proved difficult. It includes trees, a cave, running water, and food sources to allow the orangutans freedom of natural behavior, hydration, hunger, discomfort, pain and distress. Each student contributed specific elements to the final enclosure design.
The document provides instructions for designing a new orangutan enclosure for Tasikoki, an orangutan sanctuary. Students are asked to design an enclosure that meets the five animal freedoms and can be modeled using Google SketchUp, a physical model, or detailed diagram. The top designs will be sent to Tasikoki to redesign their current orangutan enclosure.
This document discusses changes in China under Mao Zedong between 1949-1957, including changes to the role of women. It explains that prior to 1949, women faced legal discrimination, child marriage, polygamy, and becoming property of their husbands. The 1950 Marriage Law gave women legal equality, banning arranged marriage, polygamy, child brides, and the sale of women. It transformed women's lives but also expected them to take on equal physical labor as men as well as maintain domestic roles. Women were encouraged to work in education, healthcare, and industry, reducing unemployment, but often had little choice in their assigned jobs. Other changes included an eight hour work day, paid holidays, and universal education and healthcare.
The document discusses how Hitler rose to become Chancellor of Germany in 1933. It provides context on the political instability of 1930-1932 as governments fell and short-term leaders like Bruning and von Schleicher struggled to manage the economic crisis. Hindenburg refused to initially appoint Hitler as Chancellor due to not wanting to work with him, but by January 1933 von Papen convinced Hindenburg to make Hitler Chancellor while keeping him controlled as part of the government. This led to Hitler formally becoming Chancellor on January 30th, 1933.
The document discusses Hitler's rise to power and the early development of the Nazi party between 1919-1922. It identifies three learning objectives: 1) To identify how Hitler rose to power, 2) To explore the early years of the Nazi Party and the SA, and 3) To examine the extent of Hitler's role in the rise of the Nazis. The document provides information on the founding of the German Workers' Party by Anton Drexler in 1919, Hitler's joining of the party in 1920 and his role in expanding its membership and developing its ideology. It also details the creation of the SA private army in 1921 and its role in disrupting opposition groups.
The document provides instructions for a photography composition assignment at Hong Kong Park. Students are told to plan their shoot by reviewing the park website to identify key attractions to photograph. They will have one hour to practice different compositional techniques like rule of thirds, simplicity, lines and symmetry. The assignment requires students to blog about their shoot by selecting their best 20 photos, explaining the technical and compositional aspects, and showing how they developed and refined some photos in post-processing software.
Mao introduced several reforms between 1949-1957 to transform China's economy. He nationalized all private businesses and implemented centralized economic planning through Five Year Plans based on the Soviet model. The first Five Year Plan from 1953-1957 focused on rapidly developing heavy industries like steel, coal, cement, and infrastructure. It achieved remarkable success, surpassing all production targets. However, it also caused shortages and economic imbalances as resources were diverted from consumer goods and agriculture to heavy industry.
Hermann Göring was a prominent Nazi leader who helped Hitler and the Nazi Party rise to power in Germany. He joined the Nazi Party in 1922 and became the leader of the SA in 1923. As president of the Reichstag, he contacted businesses and the military to gain their support for the Nazis. In 1933, he established the Gestapo secret police force. During World War 2, he oversaw the persecution of Jews and establishment of concentration camps. Göring took part in war crimes and human rights abuses.
Lighting is an important aspect of photography that determines the mood of an image. There are several types of lighting including natural light from the sun, artificial light from studio equipment, ambient light already in a scene, back lighting from behind a subject, directional side lighting, diffused or soft light, and shadows and contrast. The document provides brief descriptions of each type of lighting and their effects on photographs. It concludes with an assignment to take various photos exploring different lighting techniques.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation.
The document discusses Nazi propaganda techniques. It explains that the Reich Chamber of Commerce controlled all media to disseminate only the Nazi viewpoint. Print propaganda promoted Hitler as a heroic leader while vilifying opponents. Radio was widely used to spread Nazi messages. Rallies were massive shows of Nazi power and unity. Films like Triumph of Will and Olympia glorified Hitler and the Aryan race. The goal of Nazi propaganda was to persuade the German people to adopt and support the Nazi ideology.
This document provides guidance on the pre-production and production steps for creating an engaging documentary. It recommends researching the topic thoroughly, writing a treatment and script, storyboarding scenes, getting feedback, and preparing for challenges. Key pre-production steps include watching other documentaries for style inspiration, prioritizing scenes, and drawing a storyboard. Production involves collecting b-roll footage, choosing appropriate locations, ensuring good audio quality, and properly interviewing subjects by making them comfortable and planning focused questions.
The legal challenges to segregation in education, notably Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, had significant impact but also faced resistance. The Supreme Court ruling declared segregation unconstitutional and increased federal support for integration. However, it did not mandate immediate change and many schools, especially in the South, ignored or resisted it. This sparked further legal battles and demonstrations over civil rights but also strengthened opposition to desegregation.
To evaluate the impact of McCarthy’s charges; assess the views of his critics; question why Eisenhower didn’t do more to stop him; and articulate reasons for his downfall in 1954
The document summarizes the key security and protection forces of Nazi Germany:
1) The SA (Stormtroopers) were Hitler's personal bodyguards and played a role in his rise to power, growing to 100,000 members in 1931 under Ernst Rohm's leadership.
2) The SS (Blackshirts) were also Hitler's personal bodyguards and controlled intelligence, security, police forces, and extermination; they ran the concentration camps and sought to create fear under leader Heinrich Himmler.
3) The German Army swore loyalty to Hitler and ignored the Treaty of Versailles, becoming one of the largest armies with over 12.5 million soldiers under Hitler as Supreme Commander.
The document discusses the causes and growth of the Red Scare in the United States after World War 2. Key events that contributed to rising anti-communist fear and paranoia included the spread of communism in Europe, the Soviet development of nuclear weapons, China falling to communism, and the start of the Korean War. Within the US, investigations by the House Un-American Activities Committee and Federal Bureau of Investigation targeted suspected communists, especially in Hollywood and the federal government. This led to blacklists and prosecutions like the Hollywood Ten and Alger Hiss case, fueling further anti-communist hysteria and laws restricting civil liberties.
Captain America was originally produced in the 1940s to promote American patriotism during World War 2. He was fighting against the Nazis. Captain America was reintroduced in 1953 during the Red Scare and Cold War, suggesting he was now fighting against communism and the Soviet Union. The document discusses how Captain America's character and purpose changed to reflect the fears and ideology of the times in America. It prompts students to consider what Captain America represented during different eras and how superhero stories can be influenced by their social context.
The document discusses Nazi propaganda techniques. It begins by explaining Joseph Goebbels' view that propaganda must be simple and repeated to be effective. It then outlines how Goebbels established the Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda in 1934 to control all aspects of German media. The document identifies several forms of Nazi propaganda, including newspapers, rallies, books, radio, and films. All of these media were tightly controlled and used to spread Nazi ideology and messages to the German population.
The document discusses sit-ins and freedom rides as campaign methods for the American civil rights movement in the 1960s. It provides background on key organizations like SNCC, CORE, SCLC and events like the Greensboro sit-ins and the freedom rides from Washington D.C. to New Orleans. The document evaluates how sit-ins and freedom rides helped spread the civil rights movement through non-violent protests, civil disobedience, and drawing attention to the issue of segregation through media coverage of attacks on peaceful protesters. Both tactics put pressure on authorities and led to some successes, like the desegregation of interstate transportation.
This document provides an overview of a lesson on civil rights in the 1950s for Black Americans. It includes key terms, events, and names related to the history of Black Americans from slavery through 1945. It outlines assignments for students to create a timeline of important turning points in progress toward equality, including taking a short test to ensure understanding of the events. It also includes content on segregation, discrimination, and the position of Black Americans before 1945.
Mao introduced several reforms between 1949-1957 to transform China's agriculture and industry:
1. An Agrarian Reform Law was passed in 1950 that redistributed land from landlords to peasants. Peasants were also encouraged to put landlords on trial through "People's Courts" where some landlords were executed.
2. Agricultural collectivization began with the introduction of Mutual Aid Teams in 1951, followed by agricultural cooperatives in 1953, and larger collectives encompassing multiple villages by 1955-1956. This aimed to boost food production through pooled resources and mechanization.
3. Industrial reforms included nationalizing private businesses, stabilizing prices and currency, and launching the First Five Year Plan in 1953 to rapidly develop heavy
Here is a timeline of key events in China from 1911-1989 with explanations of the most important events:
1911 - Xinhai Revolution overthrows the Qing dynasty, establishing the Republic of China
1949 - Communist Party led by Mao Zedong defeats the Nationalists in civil war, establishes the People's Republic of China
1958-1962 - Great Leap Forward leads to famine killing tens of millions due to failed economic policies
1966-1976 - Cultural Revolution causes widespread social and economic disruption under Mao's rule
1976 - Mao Zedong dies, ending his authoritarian leadership
1978 - Deng Xiaoping rises to power, introduces market-oriented reforms (most important event, began
The reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s marked a new era in Chinese history. Deng modernized China's economy by introducing market-based reforms, establishing special economic zones to attract foreign investment, implementing an agricultural responsibility system to increase productivity, and enacting a one-child policy to slow population growth. These wide-ranging changes transformed China from an isolated, agrarian nation into a more open, industrialized country that began to emerge as a global economic power.
This document provides guidance on writing reflectively in 3 parts: description, interpretation, and outcome. For the description, write a short summary of the key details of the experience including who, what, when, and where. For the interpretation, analyze meaningful aspects and ideas as well as how your thoughts and feelings changed throughout. For the outcome, discuss what was learned and how the experience impacted skills, understanding, and next steps.
The document provides steps to develop a well-focused research question. It instructs readers to choose a topic of interest, describe it in one sentence, study it because they want to find out something specific, convert the statement to a question, evaluate the question, restate it using different terms, review it with teachers, and begin research. The goal is to formulate a clear research question about an issue the reader cares about to guide their project work.
The document discusses how Hitler rose to become Chancellor of Germany in 1933. It provides context on the political instability of 1930-1932 as governments fell and short-term leaders like Bruning and von Schleicher struggled to manage the economic crisis. Hindenburg refused to initially appoint Hitler as Chancellor due to not wanting to work with him, but by January 1933 von Papen convinced Hindenburg to make Hitler Chancellor while keeping him controlled as part of the government. This led to Hitler formally becoming Chancellor on January 30th, 1933.
The document discusses Hitler's rise to power and the early development of the Nazi party between 1919-1922. It identifies three learning objectives: 1) To identify how Hitler rose to power, 2) To explore the early years of the Nazi Party and the SA, and 3) To examine the extent of Hitler's role in the rise of the Nazis. The document provides information on the founding of the German Workers' Party by Anton Drexler in 1919, Hitler's joining of the party in 1920 and his role in expanding its membership and developing its ideology. It also details the creation of the SA private army in 1921 and its role in disrupting opposition groups.
The document provides instructions for a photography composition assignment at Hong Kong Park. Students are told to plan their shoot by reviewing the park website to identify key attractions to photograph. They will have one hour to practice different compositional techniques like rule of thirds, simplicity, lines and symmetry. The assignment requires students to blog about their shoot by selecting their best 20 photos, explaining the technical and compositional aspects, and showing how they developed and refined some photos in post-processing software.
Mao introduced several reforms between 1949-1957 to transform China's economy. He nationalized all private businesses and implemented centralized economic planning through Five Year Plans based on the Soviet model. The first Five Year Plan from 1953-1957 focused on rapidly developing heavy industries like steel, coal, cement, and infrastructure. It achieved remarkable success, surpassing all production targets. However, it also caused shortages and economic imbalances as resources were diverted from consumer goods and agriculture to heavy industry.
Hermann Göring was a prominent Nazi leader who helped Hitler and the Nazi Party rise to power in Germany. He joined the Nazi Party in 1922 and became the leader of the SA in 1923. As president of the Reichstag, he contacted businesses and the military to gain their support for the Nazis. In 1933, he established the Gestapo secret police force. During World War 2, he oversaw the persecution of Jews and establishment of concentration camps. Göring took part in war crimes and human rights abuses.
Lighting is an important aspect of photography that determines the mood of an image. There are several types of lighting including natural light from the sun, artificial light from studio equipment, ambient light already in a scene, back lighting from behind a subject, directional side lighting, diffused or soft light, and shadows and contrast. The document provides brief descriptions of each type of lighting and their effects on photographs. It concludes with an assignment to take various photos exploring different lighting techniques.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation.
The document discusses Nazi propaganda techniques. It explains that the Reich Chamber of Commerce controlled all media to disseminate only the Nazi viewpoint. Print propaganda promoted Hitler as a heroic leader while vilifying opponents. Radio was widely used to spread Nazi messages. Rallies were massive shows of Nazi power and unity. Films like Triumph of Will and Olympia glorified Hitler and the Aryan race. The goal of Nazi propaganda was to persuade the German people to adopt and support the Nazi ideology.
This document provides guidance on the pre-production and production steps for creating an engaging documentary. It recommends researching the topic thoroughly, writing a treatment and script, storyboarding scenes, getting feedback, and preparing for challenges. Key pre-production steps include watching other documentaries for style inspiration, prioritizing scenes, and drawing a storyboard. Production involves collecting b-roll footage, choosing appropriate locations, ensuring good audio quality, and properly interviewing subjects by making them comfortable and planning focused questions.
The legal challenges to segregation in education, notably Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, had significant impact but also faced resistance. The Supreme Court ruling declared segregation unconstitutional and increased federal support for integration. However, it did not mandate immediate change and many schools, especially in the South, ignored or resisted it. This sparked further legal battles and demonstrations over civil rights but also strengthened opposition to desegregation.
To evaluate the impact of McCarthy’s charges; assess the views of his critics; question why Eisenhower didn’t do more to stop him; and articulate reasons for his downfall in 1954
The document summarizes the key security and protection forces of Nazi Germany:
1) The SA (Stormtroopers) were Hitler's personal bodyguards and played a role in his rise to power, growing to 100,000 members in 1931 under Ernst Rohm's leadership.
2) The SS (Blackshirts) were also Hitler's personal bodyguards and controlled intelligence, security, police forces, and extermination; they ran the concentration camps and sought to create fear under leader Heinrich Himmler.
3) The German Army swore loyalty to Hitler and ignored the Treaty of Versailles, becoming one of the largest armies with over 12.5 million soldiers under Hitler as Supreme Commander.
The document discusses the causes and growth of the Red Scare in the United States after World War 2. Key events that contributed to rising anti-communist fear and paranoia included the spread of communism in Europe, the Soviet development of nuclear weapons, China falling to communism, and the start of the Korean War. Within the US, investigations by the House Un-American Activities Committee and Federal Bureau of Investigation targeted suspected communists, especially in Hollywood and the federal government. This led to blacklists and prosecutions like the Hollywood Ten and Alger Hiss case, fueling further anti-communist hysteria and laws restricting civil liberties.
Captain America was originally produced in the 1940s to promote American patriotism during World War 2. He was fighting against the Nazis. Captain America was reintroduced in 1953 during the Red Scare and Cold War, suggesting he was now fighting against communism and the Soviet Union. The document discusses how Captain America's character and purpose changed to reflect the fears and ideology of the times in America. It prompts students to consider what Captain America represented during different eras and how superhero stories can be influenced by their social context.
The document discusses Nazi propaganda techniques. It begins by explaining Joseph Goebbels' view that propaganda must be simple and repeated to be effective. It then outlines how Goebbels established the Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda in 1934 to control all aspects of German media. The document identifies several forms of Nazi propaganda, including newspapers, rallies, books, radio, and films. All of these media were tightly controlled and used to spread Nazi ideology and messages to the German population.
The document discusses sit-ins and freedom rides as campaign methods for the American civil rights movement in the 1960s. It provides background on key organizations like SNCC, CORE, SCLC and events like the Greensboro sit-ins and the freedom rides from Washington D.C. to New Orleans. The document evaluates how sit-ins and freedom rides helped spread the civil rights movement through non-violent protests, civil disobedience, and drawing attention to the issue of segregation through media coverage of attacks on peaceful protesters. Both tactics put pressure on authorities and led to some successes, like the desegregation of interstate transportation.
This document provides an overview of a lesson on civil rights in the 1950s for Black Americans. It includes key terms, events, and names related to the history of Black Americans from slavery through 1945. It outlines assignments for students to create a timeline of important turning points in progress toward equality, including taking a short test to ensure understanding of the events. It also includes content on segregation, discrimination, and the position of Black Americans before 1945.
Mao introduced several reforms between 1949-1957 to transform China's agriculture and industry:
1. An Agrarian Reform Law was passed in 1950 that redistributed land from landlords to peasants. Peasants were also encouraged to put landlords on trial through "People's Courts" where some landlords were executed.
2. Agricultural collectivization began with the introduction of Mutual Aid Teams in 1951, followed by agricultural cooperatives in 1953, and larger collectives encompassing multiple villages by 1955-1956. This aimed to boost food production through pooled resources and mechanization.
3. Industrial reforms included nationalizing private businesses, stabilizing prices and currency, and launching the First Five Year Plan in 1953 to rapidly develop heavy
Here is a timeline of key events in China from 1911-1989 with explanations of the most important events:
1911 - Xinhai Revolution overthrows the Qing dynasty, establishing the Republic of China
1949 - Communist Party led by Mao Zedong defeats the Nationalists in civil war, establishes the People's Republic of China
1958-1962 - Great Leap Forward leads to famine killing tens of millions due to failed economic policies
1966-1976 - Cultural Revolution causes widespread social and economic disruption under Mao's rule
1976 - Mao Zedong dies, ending his authoritarian leadership
1978 - Deng Xiaoping rises to power, introduces market-oriented reforms (most important event, began
The reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s marked a new era in Chinese history. Deng modernized China's economy by introducing market-based reforms, establishing special economic zones to attract foreign investment, implementing an agricultural responsibility system to increase productivity, and enacting a one-child policy to slow population growth. These wide-ranging changes transformed China from an isolated, agrarian nation into a more open, industrialized country that began to emerge as a global economic power.
This document provides guidance on writing reflectively in 3 parts: description, interpretation, and outcome. For the description, write a short summary of the key details of the experience including who, what, when, and where. For the interpretation, analyze meaningful aspects and ideas as well as how your thoughts and feelings changed throughout. For the outcome, discuss what was learned and how the experience impacted skills, understanding, and next steps.
The document provides steps to develop a well-focused research question. It instructs readers to choose a topic of interest, describe it in one sentence, study it because they want to find out something specific, convert the statement to a question, evaluate the question, restate it using different terms, review it with teachers, and begin research. The goal is to formulate a clear research question about an issue the reader cares about to guide their project work.
This document outlines the extended essay timeline for students completing their extended essays from 2017 to 2018. It provides key dates for introduction to the extended essay, choosing topics and supervisors, conducting research, writing drafts and reflections, and submitting the final essay. The nature of supervision meetings is also described, which aim to help students develop their research questions and thinking through discussion.
In his final years from 1922 to 1924, Lenin was concerned with the future leadership and direction of communism in Russia. He grew disillusioned with some members of the Communist party and believed Stalin and others were not fit to lead. In 1922, Lenin dictated his "Political Will" document outlining criticisms of key party members and recommending others to succeed him, but it was not published openly. He died in January 1924 after suffering multiple strokes.
The document discusses the New Economic Policy (NEP) introduced by Lenin in 1921 in response to economic crisis and opposition in Russia. It provides background on War Communism, the Kronstadt rebellion, and reasons for the NEP. The NEP allowed private enterprise, markets, and a tax on peasant production. It aimed to restore the economy but faced criticism from communists and ideological concerns over private property and capitalism. Overall the sources discuss debates around the success and failure of the NEP in achieving economic recovery while maintaining communist principles.
The document discusses two major revolts against the Bolsheviks in 1921 - the Tambov Rebellion and the Kronstadt Revolt. The Tambov Rebellion was a widespread peasant uprising in response to millions of deaths from starvation under War Communism. The Kronstadt Revolt involved sailors and soldiers rebelling against compulsory labor and the replacement of soviet influence with the Vesenkha ministry. The Politburo anticipated the rebels would be unhappy about political oppression, economic misery, and witnessing the dire situation in cities like Petrograd. After defeating an initial attack, Trotsky mobilized over 60,000 troops equipped with artillery to put down the Kronstadt Revolt over almost three weeks of fighting, executing around
War Communism was introduced by the Bolshevik government during the Russian Civil War to help fight against opposing forces and take control of industry and food production. It involved the nationalization of factories, mines, and railways as well as forced grain requisitioning from peasants using violence and arrest. However, it failed as peasants hid grain and food shortages led to a severe famine in 1921 that killed millions. War communism damaged the economy and led to unrest, forcing the Bolsheviks to transition to the New Economic Policy.
Here is a paragraph analyzing Trotsky's role in the Russian Civil War:
Trotsky played an extremely important role in the Bolshevik victory in the Civil War, as evidenced by the sources in the document "Trotsky and the Civil War." As People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs, Trotsky was responsible for organizing and leading the Red Army. He introduced conscription, established a communist political department within the army to ensure soldiers' loyalty, and divided the army into mobile units that could be rapidly deployed to counter White threats. Trotsky also showed great skill as a military strategist, directing the Red Army to defeat the larger and better equipped forces of Denikin, Kolchak, and Yudenich. Through his leadership and
The document discusses the Russian Civil War that took place after the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia from 1917-1922. It provides background information on key terms, events, and figures involved in the civil war. It then examines the impact of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed in 1918, which required Russia to cede significant territory and resources to the German Empire, contributing to economic and political instability in Russia and opposition to the Bolshevik government. This further exacerbated other ongoing issues including foreign intervention, opposition to Bolshevik rule, and food shortages, leading to escalating conflict between the Bolshevik Red Army and opposing White forces.
The document summarizes key decisions made by Lenin and the Bolsheviks to consolidate power in Russia after the October Revolution in 1917. These included forming an exclusively Bolshevik government called Sovnarkom instead of ruling through the Soviet congress; banning opposition press and political parties like the Kadets; refusing to include other socialist parties in government despite pressure; implementing the decree on land to redistribute estates to peasants; granting workers control of factories; recognizing rights of national minorities; and accepting the punitive Treaty of Brest-Litovsk to exit World War I. These moves helped the Bolsheviks establish sole control over the government but also sparked opposition and protests.
The Provisional Government that ruled Russia after the February Revolution faced several weaknesses and mistakes that undermined its authority. It lacked a strong power base since it had simply assumed leadership without a popular mandate. It was also unable to resolve important issues like land reform in a timely manner. Additionally, the Provisional Government struggled to end Russian participation in World War I as desired by the Petrograd Soviet, which exercised power through the Bolshevik-controlled Red Guards. Several crises, like the June offensive and Kornilov Affair, further weakened the Provisional Government and strengthened the Bolsheviks.
The Provisional Government that ruled Russia after the February Revolution faced several weaknesses and mistakes that undermined its authority. It lacked a strong power base since it had simply assumed leadership without a popular mandate. It was also unable to resolve important issues like land reform in a timely manner. Additionally, the Provisional Government struggled to end Russia's involvement in World War I as it relied on allies for loans. Meanwhile, the Petrograd Soviet exercised power through its workers' councils despite having no constitutional authority. These issues, along with military defeats, allowed the Bolsheviks to gain popularity by demanding peace and Soviet rule.
The February Revolution of 1917 in Russia was caused by widespread dissatisfaction with World War I and Tsar Nicholas II's autocratic rule. Major factors included heavy losses and poor conditions for Russian soldiers, food and fuel shortages exacerbated by harsh winter weather, and growing strikes and protests. On International Women's Day, demonstrations in Petrograd swelled to over 90,000 protesters demanding bread and an end to the war. The Tsar ordered military suppression but the soldiers mutinied, depriving the Tsar of power. Nicholas abdicated on March 2, ending over 300 years of Romanov rule and beginning Russia's transition to a provisional democratic government.
Rasputin gained influence over Tsarina Alexandra and contributed to political instability through his control over her decisions and appointments of ministers. As an uneducated peasant with questionable personal behavior, Rasputin's prominence in royal circles undermined faith in the Tsar's leadership. His assassination in late 1916 further damaged the reputation of the Romanov dynasty and fueled the growing revolutionary sentiment that would erupt in early 1917.
World War 1 had devastating impacts on Russia's social, political, and economic structure:
1) Military defeats weakened the Tsar's authority and led to massive casualties totaling over 1.7 million troops killed and 2.5 million captured by 1917.
2) The war effort strained Russia's economy through high spending, inflation, and transportation issues that caused food shortages in cities.
3) Social unrest grew as workers faced declining living standards from inflation, shortages, and loss of life. Over 25% of soldiers went to the front unarmed by 1915.
The women's rights movement developed due to growing dissatisfaction among women with traditional gender roles following World War 2. During the war, many women had taken on jobs formerly restricted to men, giving them a taste of independence. However, postwar society encouraged women to return to being homemakers. Over time, factors like higher education rates, more women in the workforce, and new social movements empowered women to demand equal rights and challenge societal expectations. Influential figures like Eleanor Roosevelt and Betty Friedan played key roles in advocating for women's issues and establishing organizations like NOW to advance women's civil rights.
The document discusses the development of the women's rights movement in the United States. It provides context on key figures and organizations that advanced women's rights like Betty Friedan, Eleanor Roosevelt, and NOW (National Organization for Women). NOW aimed to achieve equal rights and end discrimination against women. The movement faced opposition from those who wanted to preserve traditional gender roles. A major point of contention was abortion rights and the Supreme Court's 1973 Roe v. Wade decision legalizing abortion nationally. The movement achieved some successes but also faced limitations that prevented goals like passing the Equal Rights Amendment from being fully realized.
The document provides background information on the student protest movement of the 1960s. It discusses key events, organizations, and issues that students protested including:
- The Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) which advocated for greater student involvement in university governance.
- Protests against the Vietnam War as many students were drafted to fight. Opposition grew due to the rising death toll and US military tactics.
- Support for the Civil Rights Movement through freedom rides, marches, and sit-ins to end racial discrimination and segregation.
- The developing hippie counterculture that rejected mainstream values and advocated for free love, art, music and drug experimentation.
The document provides context on
There were several key reasons for the growth of student protest movements in the 1960s. Students were dissatisfied with strict social norms and the ongoing Vietnam War. The civil rights movement inspired students to protest for equality and against racism. The emerging counter-culture embraced freedom of expression, music, drugs and sexuality. Rising student populations and expectations of change further fueled demonstrations against the government and universities.
The Watergate Scandal involved the 1972 break-in of the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington D.C. by burglars associated with President Richard Nixon's re-election committee. Two Washington Post reporters, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, uncovered evidence that the break-in and subsequent cover-up reached senior levels of the White House. The scandal grew to involve issues of abuse of power, obstruction of justice, and political espionage. It led to the resignations of several Nixon administration officials and ultimately, the resignation of President Nixon in 1974, the only U.S. president to resign from office.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
1. How was I taken?
Take these 4 steps for each of the 10 photos…..
1. What is the subject of this photo?
2. What is the nature of the subject?
3. Where has the photo been taken and what time of day is
it?
4. How is the photo lit?
5. What is in focus?
Now with your knowledge of Aperture, Shutter Speed and
ISO, work out how the photo was captured.