Executive Summary
This report is being issued while there are still 98 girls and women in custody and arbitrary detention by the security authorities, for different periods and times, in addition to the 4 cases of compulsory disappearance that haven't been found yet. Besides the 3 cases of extrajudicial killings. We monitored also the sentencing to death of the whole family of the Pilgrim Samia Shanan, the report also monitored the presentation of women and girls to military trials. According to the report Cairo occupies the largest number in cases of arrest by 51 detained.
-Among the monitored of the detainees who have been detained at different times and then went out; there are 62 detained so far in 2015 alone. In this report you read about...
Executive Summary
Second: The introduction to the report
Third: report methodology
Fourth: Attached laws and provisions
Fifth: arbitrary arrest and detention (98 cases to date)
1. Division, according to the governorates
2. Division according to the periods of detention
3. Violations related to detention
a- home arrest
b- Editors journalists' arrest
c- The arrest of minors
Sixth: Compulsory disappearances
1-4 cases of compulsory disappearances to date
2. " Israa Altaweel" a suffering model...
Seventh: the sentences issued during the study period
1. The first execution of an entire family
2. Military trials against women
Eighth: extrajudicial killings
- 3 cases during the study period
Ninth: Recommendations
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms affirms that the principles of the Universal Declaration of Child's right provides for the protection of children by all possible means and ways against all types of violations. The new Egyptian constitution emphasizes at Article 79 that: "The state is committed to establishment of a judicial system for victims children, witnesses, and shall not be asked him as criminal accountable or detained him except in accordance with the law and for the specified period and provide him with legal assistance, to be detained in appropriate and separate places away adult detention ".
This if we are talking about the state of the law, but in our present, those rights had been violated beyond any doubt that the youth of the future and tomorrow may become victims of today. We find that the security services to children is also further violation of article 31 of the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, which stipulates: "Corporal punishment and sentence the situation in a dark cell, and any cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, totally banned as disciplinary punishment".
According to what we have monitored, there are more than 3,200 children under the age of 18 years in various detention centers all over the country.In addition the arbitrary detention of children and faced illogical charges, including the burning of police stations, joining a terrorist group, possession of weapons and explosives, and work to overthrow the government, while some children have been arrested and have been charges, accordance with what has been monitored after police failed to arrest on their parents.
On the other hand, the children under 18 years have suffered violations directly inside the detention centers and care homes, and spotted 78 cases were practiced against them direct operations sexual assault, and more than 948 cases of physical torture just in Central Security camps. Witness of minors indicate that they had been beaten, launching for the dogs, tortured by burning with cigarettes and electric shocks and arrived to sexual abuse, in complete abdication from the Egyptian authorities for local and international legal and human rights
יום חופש העיתונות שצויין אתמול ברחבי העולם, מוצא את חופש העיתונות בשפל של יותר מעשור, כשברחבי העולם מתגבר איום הטרור, לצד משברים פוליטיים והומניטריים ברחבי הגלובוס. ישראל מוגדרת כמדינה היחידה שבה יש חופש עיתונות במזרח התיכון לפי ארגון Freedom House אך היא דורגה במקום ה-61 בעולם במדד חופש העיתונות של הארגון.
Executive Summary
This report is being issued while there are still 98 girls and women in custody and arbitrary detention by the security authorities, for different periods and times, in addition to the 4 cases of compulsory disappearance that haven't been found yet. Besides the 3 cases of extrajudicial killings. We monitored also the sentencing to death of the whole family of the Pilgrim Samia Shanan, the report also monitored the presentation of women and girls to military trials. According to the report Cairo occupies the largest number in cases of arrest by 51 detained.
-Among the monitored of the detainees who have been detained at different times and then went out; there are 62 detained so far in 2015 alone. In this report you read about...
Executive Summary
Second: The introduction to the report
Third: report methodology
Fourth: Attached laws and provisions
Fifth: arbitrary arrest and detention (98 cases to date)
1. Division, according to the governorates
2. Division according to the periods of detention
3. Violations related to detention
a- home arrest
b- Editors journalists' arrest
c- The arrest of minors
Sixth: Compulsory disappearances
1-4 cases of compulsory disappearances to date
2. " Israa Altaweel" a suffering model...
Seventh: the sentences issued during the study period
1. The first execution of an entire family
2. Military trials against women
Eighth: extrajudicial killings
- 3 cases during the study period
Ninth: Recommendations
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms affirms that the principles of the Universal Declaration of Child's right provides for the protection of children by all possible means and ways against all types of violations. The new Egyptian constitution emphasizes at Article 79 that: "The state is committed to establishment of a judicial system for victims children, witnesses, and shall not be asked him as criminal accountable or detained him except in accordance with the law and for the specified period and provide him with legal assistance, to be detained in appropriate and separate places away adult detention ".
This if we are talking about the state of the law, but in our present, those rights had been violated beyond any doubt that the youth of the future and tomorrow may become victims of today. We find that the security services to children is also further violation of article 31 of the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, which stipulates: "Corporal punishment and sentence the situation in a dark cell, and any cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, totally banned as disciplinary punishment".
According to what we have monitored, there are more than 3,200 children under the age of 18 years in various detention centers all over the country.In addition the arbitrary detention of children and faced illogical charges, including the burning of police stations, joining a terrorist group, possession of weapons and explosives, and work to overthrow the government, while some children have been arrested and have been charges, accordance with what has been monitored after police failed to arrest on their parents.
On the other hand, the children under 18 years have suffered violations directly inside the detention centers and care homes, and spotted 78 cases were practiced against them direct operations sexual assault, and more than 948 cases of physical torture just in Central Security camps. Witness of minors indicate that they had been beaten, launching for the dogs, tortured by burning with cigarettes and electric shocks and arrived to sexual abuse, in complete abdication from the Egyptian authorities for local and international legal and human rights
יום חופש העיתונות שצויין אתמול ברחבי העולם, מוצא את חופש העיתונות בשפל של יותר מעשור, כשברחבי העולם מתגבר איום הטרור, לצד משברים פוליטיים והומניטריים ברחבי הגלובוס. ישראל מוגדרת כמדינה היחידה שבה יש חופש עיתונות במזרח התיכון לפי ארגון Freedom House אך היא דורגה במקום ה-61 בעולם במדד חופש העיתונות של הארגון.
När Amnesty i år publicerar sin rapport om dödsstraffet i världen för 2009, finns inte några siffror för Kina med. I Kina avrättas varje år tusentals fångar, fler än i alla andra länder tillsammans. Dödsstraffet är en statshemlighet i Kina och myndigheterna vägrar att avslöja hur många personer som dömts till döden eller avrättats, därför skiljer sig de siffror som Amnesty kan få fram alltför mycket från det verkliga antalet avrättningar.
In a country deeply polarized after three years of tumultuous change, Egyptian news websites have become very important media for free expression. This study looks at some of the pressures they are experiencing.
Study available in English and Arabic.
RAPPORT 2013 DU DEPARTEMENT D'ETAT SUR LA SITUATION DE DROITS HUMAINS EN HAITIStanleylucas
Chaque année le Département d'Etat des Etats Unis publie en Février son rapport annuel sur la situation des droits humains dans chaque pays sur la planète. Cette année, Février 2014, Haiti fait partie de ce rapport comme a l'accoutume. Le rapport note les progrès enregistres dans le domaine des droits humains en Haiti et mentionne les cas de violations individuels de droits humains. Le rapport identifie les déficiences des institutions étatiques et fait des recommandations specifiques sur ce qu'il faut améliorer.
South Africa, the Rome Statute and the International Criminal Court Implicati...paperpublications3
Abstract: The May 2015 pulsating development in South Africa’s international legal history has shown the world that for almost all African states, signing and ratifying statutes is one thing, and implementation is another. South Africa was the last state standing, all international hopes being on South Africa that the government would arrest Omar al Bashir if he sets foot in that country. Other African states that are signatories and ratifiers of the Rome Statute had flinched from arresting and surrendering Bashir to the International Criminal Court, such as Chad, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Malawi and Kenya. South Africa, which is regarded as a mature and stable democracy in Africa, astonishingly followed the African Union’s unity in defiance action by surreptitiously letting Omar al Bashir off the legal apocalyptic hook, violating its municipal and international legal provisions. Considering that the African Union had openly disassociated itself from the International Criminal Court, and South Africa speaking louder with actions rather than words, this paper moves that South Africa’s defiant action finally exposed Africa’s legal decadence and constituted a dreadful miscarriage of international justice. Politically, what the South African government did was commendable, but legally the government violated its municipal and international law provisions. This action has also finally led to the death of the International Criminal Court in Africa.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Egypt now is sitting between two facts, an excruciating reality and a hopeful future, after the incidents of the 30th of June, 2013, where rights and freedoms were blasted and humanity became the least appreciated value on the land of Egypt. For the sake of what happened then it is necessary for us to shed some light on some of the violations that are practiced by some individuals of the police and military forces upon the prisoners and the Egyptian citizens apprehended at different locations during the period of time from 1/1/2015 till 30/6/2015.
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms has allocated the governorates that have been under the influence of systematized torture as follows;
54 cases in Dakahlia & 45cases in Aswan & 41 cases in Sharqia & 35 cases in Cairo & 45 cases in Giza & 25 cases in Alexandria & 19 cases in Damietta & 17 cases in Port Saiid & 14 cases in Qalubia & 10 cases in Garbia & 10 cases in Fayyoum & 10 cases in Minya & 7 cases in Beheira & 4 cases in Qena & 3 cases in Assuit & 2 cases in Beni Suweif & 2 cases in Suez and 18 cases have been located in other governorates.
What has been concluded from that allocation is realizing the fact that the atrocious crime of torture is being practiced not only against specific individuals or professions, but also against a wholesome of apprehended individuals, such as the individuals enlisted in the professions stated below;
Single case of an Administrative Manager & three cases of University Staff Professors & three cases of Lawyers & 8 cases of Engineers & 8 cases of Craftsmen & 5 cases of Journalists & 5 cases of Doctors & 6 cases of Teachers &3 cases of Supervisors & 2 cases of Pharmacists & 5 cases of Accountants &5 cases of workers & 46 cases of Self-employed individuals & 2 cases of Merchants & 8 cases of University degree holders & 23 cases of apprehended females & 17 cases of underage children and 88 cases of University undergraduates .
According to what have been referred to earlier, we can state that the crime being committed by the Egyptian safety authorities against the wide range sectors of Egyptian population, with its different forms, isn't confined to a specific population or category. This tracks of this crime have afflicted everyone without any minimal distinction at any case, to the extent that you'd find some unbelievable atrocities such as assaulting apprehended young females and underage children at the locations of their apprehension.
The Right to Access Information: A study on Lebanese Administrations' commitm...GHERBAL INITIATIVE
In September 2018, Gherbal Initiative published a baseline study analyzing the communication with 133 Lebanese administrations summarizing the answers obtained for the following questions:
Are you committed to “Publication Duty” of decisions and financial transactions, in accordance with Law No. 28/2017 – Articles 6, 7 & 8?
Do you have a public electronic platform to publish administrative decisions, in accordance with Law No. 28/2017 – Article 9?
Did you assign an official employee to receive and respond to access to information requests, in accordance with Law No. 28/2017 – Article 15?
Thirty four written answers were received (26%). Gherbal analyzed all of them, created visuals from the collected data and set recommendation and a list of the names of 18 appointed officials to help others who wish to pursue requesting data from administrations.
You can read the full report on this link
This report covers the judicial use of the death penalty for the period January to December 2020.
As in previous years, information is collected from a variety of sources, including: official figures; judgements; information from individuals sentenced to death and their families and representatives; media reports; and, for a limited number of countries, other civil society organizations.
Amnesty International reports only on executions, death sentences and other aspects of the use of the death penalty, such as commutations and exonerations, where there is reasonable confirmation. In many countries governments do not publish information on their use of the death penalty. In China and Viet Nam, data on the use of the death penalty is classified as a state secret. During 2020 little or no information was available on some countries – in particular Laos and North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) – due to restrictive state practice.
Js18 upr27 bra_e_main relationship between Sandro Suzart, SUZART, and google ...Sandro Santana
relationship between Sandro Suzart, SUZART, and google inc to federal reserve cpf 051 812 955 17
relationship between Sandro Suzart, SUZART, and google inc to federal reserve cpf 051 812 955 17, the relationship and comercial agreements between sandro suzart, SUZART, and google inc
THE LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS FOR COMBATTING MONEY LAUNDERING IN CAM...AkashSharma618775
Money laundering usually involves a series of multiple transactions used to mask the source of financial
assets, so that these assets can be used without compromising criminals seeking to their use. Money laundering can
happen through various intermediaries; bank transfers, both by wire and check, are the most common channels
for illicit money transfers. Money Laundering has several devastating effects; it damages financial sector
institutions that are critical for economic growth, promoting crime and corruption that slow economic growth,
reducing efficiency in the real sector of the economy. Money laundering is a problem not only in the world’s major
financial markets and sea centers but also in emerging markets. Cameroon has criminalized money-laundering in
line with the United Nations Convention against Corruption which was signed on 10th October, 2003, and ratified
by the President of the Republic on 6th February, 2006. Cameroon follows an all-crimes approach to moneylaundering whereby all offences under the laws and regulations of Cameroon constitute predicate offences. In
order to effectively combat money laundering, institutions have equally being put in place to combat it.
A Review of the History and Theories Surrounding the Concept of Children’s Ri...AkashSharma618775
Children’s rights as set out in national and international instruments outline the fundamental obligations
of society that are essential in meeting the needs of children. In Nigeria, the policies on the rights of children and
young persons have been guided by the principles set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the
Child and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, as well as those in the Child’s Rights Act of
2003. Despite this, there are still challenges to the protection of children’s rights. Using a doctrinal methodology,
the paper examines the history of the development of children’s rights before discussing some of the theories and
approaches to children’s rights. The paper considers that the concept of children’s rights has been appreciated in
Nigeria, as children are recognised as an important part of the society. However, there are differences from the
western concept of children’s rights as well as societal issues which may lead to challenges in the acceptance and
implementation of internationally recognised standards. Ultimately, to make children’s rights a reality, the existing
theories need to be merged with the unique cultural norms in Nigeria.
عام 2016 هو من الأعوام القليلة التي لن ينساها العاملون في الحقل الحقوقي في مصر بشكل خاص, وكل العاملين في الشأن القضائي وخاصة المحامين بشكل عام؛ حيث ارتفعت معدلات انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان بشكل كبير فأصبح هناك حصار كامل لكل انشطة العمل الحقوقي في مصر ، في مقابل تراجع النيابة عن دورها المنوط بها في تحقيق الانتهاكات وسماع أقوال المبلغين والشاكين.
كان العام حقيقة هو عام الشاب ؛ فما تم توثيقه من انتهاكات بخصوص الشباب زادت حدتها مع زيادة حدة حالات الإخفاء القسري والتصفية الجسدية والتعذيب لفئة الشباب بشكل خاص .
بالإضافة إلى كل هذا , كان هذا العام هو عام إغلاق المجال العام في مصر بشكل كامل ؛ فقد تمت مناقشة قانون الجمعيات المزمع إصداره ولم يصدق عليه من رئيس الجمهورية حتى لحظة صياغة هذا التقرير ، وتم منع عدد كبير من الحقوقيين والعاملين في المجتمع المدني من السفر خارج مصر, بل تعدى الأمر إلى التحفظ على الأموال والاعتقال وتلفيق الاتهامات لهم , ليصبح هذا العام ذروة الانتهاكات ضد العاملين في المجال العام وحقوق الإنسان في مصر.
الأمر بات مستفحلا، والانتهاكات تتواصل، والأصوات العاقلة بدأ صوتها ينسحب للخلف، وسط أصوات جوقة النشاز المسيطر على الأوضاع, واضطر كل مخلص للوطن في التراجع للخلف أو الصمت؛ من جراء الهجوم الممنهج على كل المدافعين عن الإنسان في مصر.
ومع تراجع المدافعين اضطرارا, ومع ارتفاع وتيرة الانتهاكات في كافة المجالات والمحاور؛ أصبح الإنسان في مصر يقف محاصرا ووحيدا أمام تغول غير طبيعي من السلطة؛ وذلك على مستوى حقوقه الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، بعدما تم العصف بكل حقوقه السياسية والمدنية؛ ليصبح الدستور والقانون في مصر صورا ورقية لا قيمة لها بالنسبة للحقوق , وأصبحت العقوبات هي الأصل القانوني في التعامل بين السلطة والمواطن بلا حق.
فإن لم يعد المدافعون عن حقوق الإنسان إلى الصفوف الأولى ليكونوا حائط الصد الأول عن الإنسان في مصر, ويعودوا إلى دورهم في وقف تغول السلطة وانتهاكاتها المستمرة للدستور والقانون والمواثيق الدولية؛ فلا يمكننا أن ندعي أن هناك وطنا سيستمر ولا دولة يمكننا في وقت ما أن نزعم وجودها.
المدير التنفيذي
للتنسيقية المصرية للحقوق الحريات
في إطار رصد التنسيقية المصرية للحقوق والحريات للحالة الحقوقية المصرية فقد قمنا بإصدار هذا التقرير عن الحالة الحقوقية لعام2015 بعنوان حقوق الانسان في مصر إلي اين؟ تم تقسيم التقرير الى ثلاثة ابواب تعرض لاهم الانتهاكات التي تعرض له المواطنون والمؤسسات والتشريعات في مصر خلال عام 2015 , ونحب أن نأكد على أن كل ما ورد في هذا التقرير من أرقام هي ما تم رصده فقط وليس حصرا شاملا بكل حالات الانتهاكات , ومع انها ارقام ولكننا لانحب أن تتحول حياة اي انسان في مصر الى رقم يضاف الى سجل النسيان فكل شخص وضع كرقم في التقرير هو حياة كاملة لاهله واسرته واصدقائه وجيرانه , وما وضعناهم كأرقام الا لسهولة الحصر والبيان وكنا نتمني ان نذكرهم جميعا بالاسم لنثبت للذاكرة الجماعية للمجتمع أسماء من وقعت عليهم الانتهاكات خلال المرحلة الحالية , ولكننا انهينا كل انتهاك بشهادات حية من اسر واصدقاء من وقع عليه الانتهاك لنعبر ولو بصورة بسيطة عن معاناة هذه الاسر التي وقع عائلها او ابنها تحت نير الانتهاكات سواء كان بالقتل او الاعتقال او الاخفاء او التعذيب او غيرها من صور الانتهاك
När Amnesty i år publicerar sin rapport om dödsstraffet i världen för 2009, finns inte några siffror för Kina med. I Kina avrättas varje år tusentals fångar, fler än i alla andra länder tillsammans. Dödsstraffet är en statshemlighet i Kina och myndigheterna vägrar att avslöja hur många personer som dömts till döden eller avrättats, därför skiljer sig de siffror som Amnesty kan få fram alltför mycket från det verkliga antalet avrättningar.
In a country deeply polarized after three years of tumultuous change, Egyptian news websites have become very important media for free expression. This study looks at some of the pressures they are experiencing.
Study available in English and Arabic.
RAPPORT 2013 DU DEPARTEMENT D'ETAT SUR LA SITUATION DE DROITS HUMAINS EN HAITIStanleylucas
Chaque année le Département d'Etat des Etats Unis publie en Février son rapport annuel sur la situation des droits humains dans chaque pays sur la planète. Cette année, Février 2014, Haiti fait partie de ce rapport comme a l'accoutume. Le rapport note les progrès enregistres dans le domaine des droits humains en Haiti et mentionne les cas de violations individuels de droits humains. Le rapport identifie les déficiences des institutions étatiques et fait des recommandations specifiques sur ce qu'il faut améliorer.
South Africa, the Rome Statute and the International Criminal Court Implicati...paperpublications3
Abstract: The May 2015 pulsating development in South Africa’s international legal history has shown the world that for almost all African states, signing and ratifying statutes is one thing, and implementation is another. South Africa was the last state standing, all international hopes being on South Africa that the government would arrest Omar al Bashir if he sets foot in that country. Other African states that are signatories and ratifiers of the Rome Statute had flinched from arresting and surrendering Bashir to the International Criminal Court, such as Chad, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Malawi and Kenya. South Africa, which is regarded as a mature and stable democracy in Africa, astonishingly followed the African Union’s unity in defiance action by surreptitiously letting Omar al Bashir off the legal apocalyptic hook, violating its municipal and international legal provisions. Considering that the African Union had openly disassociated itself from the International Criminal Court, and South Africa speaking louder with actions rather than words, this paper moves that South Africa’s defiant action finally exposed Africa’s legal decadence and constituted a dreadful miscarriage of international justice. Politically, what the South African government did was commendable, but legally the government violated its municipal and international law provisions. This action has also finally led to the death of the International Criminal Court in Africa.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Egypt now is sitting between two facts, an excruciating reality and a hopeful future, after the incidents of the 30th of June, 2013, where rights and freedoms were blasted and humanity became the least appreciated value on the land of Egypt. For the sake of what happened then it is necessary for us to shed some light on some of the violations that are practiced by some individuals of the police and military forces upon the prisoners and the Egyptian citizens apprehended at different locations during the period of time from 1/1/2015 till 30/6/2015.
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms has allocated the governorates that have been under the influence of systematized torture as follows;
54 cases in Dakahlia & 45cases in Aswan & 41 cases in Sharqia & 35 cases in Cairo & 45 cases in Giza & 25 cases in Alexandria & 19 cases in Damietta & 17 cases in Port Saiid & 14 cases in Qalubia & 10 cases in Garbia & 10 cases in Fayyoum & 10 cases in Minya & 7 cases in Beheira & 4 cases in Qena & 3 cases in Assuit & 2 cases in Beni Suweif & 2 cases in Suez and 18 cases have been located in other governorates.
What has been concluded from that allocation is realizing the fact that the atrocious crime of torture is being practiced not only against specific individuals or professions, but also against a wholesome of apprehended individuals, such as the individuals enlisted in the professions stated below;
Single case of an Administrative Manager & three cases of University Staff Professors & three cases of Lawyers & 8 cases of Engineers & 8 cases of Craftsmen & 5 cases of Journalists & 5 cases of Doctors & 6 cases of Teachers &3 cases of Supervisors & 2 cases of Pharmacists & 5 cases of Accountants &5 cases of workers & 46 cases of Self-employed individuals & 2 cases of Merchants & 8 cases of University degree holders & 23 cases of apprehended females & 17 cases of underage children and 88 cases of University undergraduates .
According to what have been referred to earlier, we can state that the crime being committed by the Egyptian safety authorities against the wide range sectors of Egyptian population, with its different forms, isn't confined to a specific population or category. This tracks of this crime have afflicted everyone without any minimal distinction at any case, to the extent that you'd find some unbelievable atrocities such as assaulting apprehended young females and underage children at the locations of their apprehension.
The Right to Access Information: A study on Lebanese Administrations' commitm...GHERBAL INITIATIVE
In September 2018, Gherbal Initiative published a baseline study analyzing the communication with 133 Lebanese administrations summarizing the answers obtained for the following questions:
Are you committed to “Publication Duty” of decisions and financial transactions, in accordance with Law No. 28/2017 – Articles 6, 7 & 8?
Do you have a public electronic platform to publish administrative decisions, in accordance with Law No. 28/2017 – Article 9?
Did you assign an official employee to receive and respond to access to information requests, in accordance with Law No. 28/2017 – Article 15?
Thirty four written answers were received (26%). Gherbal analyzed all of them, created visuals from the collected data and set recommendation and a list of the names of 18 appointed officials to help others who wish to pursue requesting data from administrations.
You can read the full report on this link
This report covers the judicial use of the death penalty for the period January to December 2020.
As in previous years, information is collected from a variety of sources, including: official figures; judgements; information from individuals sentenced to death and their families and representatives; media reports; and, for a limited number of countries, other civil society organizations.
Amnesty International reports only on executions, death sentences and other aspects of the use of the death penalty, such as commutations and exonerations, where there is reasonable confirmation. In many countries governments do not publish information on their use of the death penalty. In China and Viet Nam, data on the use of the death penalty is classified as a state secret. During 2020 little or no information was available on some countries – in particular Laos and North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) – due to restrictive state practice.
Js18 upr27 bra_e_main relationship between Sandro Suzart, SUZART, and google ...Sandro Santana
relationship between Sandro Suzart, SUZART, and google inc to federal reserve cpf 051 812 955 17
relationship between Sandro Suzart, SUZART, and google inc to federal reserve cpf 051 812 955 17, the relationship and comercial agreements between sandro suzart, SUZART, and google inc
THE LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS FOR COMBATTING MONEY LAUNDERING IN CAM...AkashSharma618775
Money laundering usually involves a series of multiple transactions used to mask the source of financial
assets, so that these assets can be used without compromising criminals seeking to their use. Money laundering can
happen through various intermediaries; bank transfers, both by wire and check, are the most common channels
for illicit money transfers. Money Laundering has several devastating effects; it damages financial sector
institutions that are critical for economic growth, promoting crime and corruption that slow economic growth,
reducing efficiency in the real sector of the economy. Money laundering is a problem not only in the world’s major
financial markets and sea centers but also in emerging markets. Cameroon has criminalized money-laundering in
line with the United Nations Convention against Corruption which was signed on 10th October, 2003, and ratified
by the President of the Republic on 6th February, 2006. Cameroon follows an all-crimes approach to moneylaundering whereby all offences under the laws and regulations of Cameroon constitute predicate offences. In
order to effectively combat money laundering, institutions have equally being put in place to combat it.
A Review of the History and Theories Surrounding the Concept of Children’s Ri...AkashSharma618775
Children’s rights as set out in national and international instruments outline the fundamental obligations
of society that are essential in meeting the needs of children. In Nigeria, the policies on the rights of children and
young persons have been guided by the principles set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the
Child and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, as well as those in the Child’s Rights Act of
2003. Despite this, there are still challenges to the protection of children’s rights. Using a doctrinal methodology,
the paper examines the history of the development of children’s rights before discussing some of the theories and
approaches to children’s rights. The paper considers that the concept of children’s rights has been appreciated in
Nigeria, as children are recognised as an important part of the society. However, there are differences from the
western concept of children’s rights as well as societal issues which may lead to challenges in the acceptance and
implementation of internationally recognised standards. Ultimately, to make children’s rights a reality, the existing
theories need to be merged with the unique cultural norms in Nigeria.
عام 2016 هو من الأعوام القليلة التي لن ينساها العاملون في الحقل الحقوقي في مصر بشكل خاص, وكل العاملين في الشأن القضائي وخاصة المحامين بشكل عام؛ حيث ارتفعت معدلات انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان بشكل كبير فأصبح هناك حصار كامل لكل انشطة العمل الحقوقي في مصر ، في مقابل تراجع النيابة عن دورها المنوط بها في تحقيق الانتهاكات وسماع أقوال المبلغين والشاكين.
كان العام حقيقة هو عام الشاب ؛ فما تم توثيقه من انتهاكات بخصوص الشباب زادت حدتها مع زيادة حدة حالات الإخفاء القسري والتصفية الجسدية والتعذيب لفئة الشباب بشكل خاص .
بالإضافة إلى كل هذا , كان هذا العام هو عام إغلاق المجال العام في مصر بشكل كامل ؛ فقد تمت مناقشة قانون الجمعيات المزمع إصداره ولم يصدق عليه من رئيس الجمهورية حتى لحظة صياغة هذا التقرير ، وتم منع عدد كبير من الحقوقيين والعاملين في المجتمع المدني من السفر خارج مصر, بل تعدى الأمر إلى التحفظ على الأموال والاعتقال وتلفيق الاتهامات لهم , ليصبح هذا العام ذروة الانتهاكات ضد العاملين في المجال العام وحقوق الإنسان في مصر.
الأمر بات مستفحلا، والانتهاكات تتواصل، والأصوات العاقلة بدأ صوتها ينسحب للخلف، وسط أصوات جوقة النشاز المسيطر على الأوضاع, واضطر كل مخلص للوطن في التراجع للخلف أو الصمت؛ من جراء الهجوم الممنهج على كل المدافعين عن الإنسان في مصر.
ومع تراجع المدافعين اضطرارا, ومع ارتفاع وتيرة الانتهاكات في كافة المجالات والمحاور؛ أصبح الإنسان في مصر يقف محاصرا ووحيدا أمام تغول غير طبيعي من السلطة؛ وذلك على مستوى حقوقه الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، بعدما تم العصف بكل حقوقه السياسية والمدنية؛ ليصبح الدستور والقانون في مصر صورا ورقية لا قيمة لها بالنسبة للحقوق , وأصبحت العقوبات هي الأصل القانوني في التعامل بين السلطة والمواطن بلا حق.
فإن لم يعد المدافعون عن حقوق الإنسان إلى الصفوف الأولى ليكونوا حائط الصد الأول عن الإنسان في مصر, ويعودوا إلى دورهم في وقف تغول السلطة وانتهاكاتها المستمرة للدستور والقانون والمواثيق الدولية؛ فلا يمكننا أن ندعي أن هناك وطنا سيستمر ولا دولة يمكننا في وقت ما أن نزعم وجودها.
المدير التنفيذي
للتنسيقية المصرية للحقوق الحريات
في إطار رصد التنسيقية المصرية للحقوق والحريات للحالة الحقوقية المصرية فقد قمنا بإصدار هذا التقرير عن الحالة الحقوقية لعام2015 بعنوان حقوق الانسان في مصر إلي اين؟ تم تقسيم التقرير الى ثلاثة ابواب تعرض لاهم الانتهاكات التي تعرض له المواطنون والمؤسسات والتشريعات في مصر خلال عام 2015 , ونحب أن نأكد على أن كل ما ورد في هذا التقرير من أرقام هي ما تم رصده فقط وليس حصرا شاملا بكل حالات الانتهاكات , ومع انها ارقام ولكننا لانحب أن تتحول حياة اي انسان في مصر الى رقم يضاف الى سجل النسيان فكل شخص وضع كرقم في التقرير هو حياة كاملة لاهله واسرته واصدقائه وجيرانه , وما وضعناهم كأرقام الا لسهولة الحصر والبيان وكنا نتمني ان نذكرهم جميعا بالاسم لنثبت للذاكرة الجماعية للمجتمع أسماء من وقعت عليهم الانتهاكات خلال المرحلة الحالية , ولكننا انهينا كل انتهاك بشهادات حية من اسر واصدقاء من وقع عليه الانتهاك لنعبر ولو بصورة بسيطة عن معاناة هذه الاسر التي وقع عائلها او ابنها تحت نير الانتهاكات سواء كان بالقتل او الاعتقال او الاخفاء او التعذيب او غيرها من صور الانتهاك
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي
- تنتهك السلطات الأمنية في مصر حقا أصيلا من حقوق الإنسان، وهو الحق الخاص بحرية التنقل والحركة..
- شهدت البلاد منذ أحداث 3 يوليو 2013 وحتي الآن ما يقرب من 404 حالة منع من السفر، علي أساس من خلفيات سياسية..
- تتوزع حالات المنع من السفر كالتالي: 32 حالة في 2013، 277 حالة في 2014، 87 حالة في 2015، هذا بخلاف 8 حالات في 2016 حتي نهاية فبراير 2016. من بينها: 344 حالة منع فقط من السفر، و10حالات لمنع من السفر علي ذمة قضايا، و52 حالة منع من السفر مع إلقاء القبض علي الشخص.
- تعدت انتهاكات سلطات الأمن إلي المنع من دخول مصر؛ حيث تم رصد 254وقائع تحت هذا البند...
- في سياق التقرير تم رصد قرارات إدارية تعمل علي تقييد السفر إلي دول بعنيها؛ حيث وصل عدد الدول التي تحتاج إلي تصريح أمني قبل زيارتها 16 دولة.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms has found that the violations of human rights in Egypt and the phenomenon of forced disappearances in particular had expanded in range and exacerbated in a way that may alert the Egyptian society to a real catastrophe, while monitoring the human rights in Egypt, starting from mid-2014 until now.
We made sure that the phenomenon of forced disappearance is not just a blip but a systematic strategy followed by security agencies in order to exert stress over political opposition in some cases, or to conceal the torture which has been spreading like wildfire that amounted in some cases to a murder.
We have spotted 1023 Egyptian citizens being subjected to gradual forced disappearance during the first half of 2015. Whereas the number In January, 2015 was only 44 citizens then it amounted to 91 citizens in February, 160 in March, 228 in April, and we were shocked by the rise of the number of citizens subjected to forced disappearance in May which reached 393 cases and in June it reached 278 cases. These numbers are the overall we could monitor from January 1st, 2015 to June 30th, 2015 and not the total number of cases; Amid extremely difficult circumstances of monitoring and documentation and for those running the process, from security threats and prosecutions to all the workers in the field of human rights in Egypt, either individuals or civil society organizations.
The governorates of north and central Egypt have the largest share of forced disappearance cases in which Gharbiya Governorate has 293 followed by Beheira Governorate with 152, then Cairo with 108, Kafr El Shiekh 75, Giza 71, Alexandria 54, Sharquia 50, Portsaid 45, Dakahlya 41, Qaliubiya 32, Beni Suef 29, Damietta 26, Monofia 21, Fayoum 14, Suez 10, Sohag 10, Qena5, Minya and Assiut Governorates 8 cases each, Aswan and Ismailia 4 cases each, Luxor with 2 cases and Finally what we could count in North Sinai was 5 cases.
INTRODUCTION
- Since the founding of Egyptian coordination of rights and freedoms in the first of August in 2014, it has been monitoring all violations of the Egyptian citizen, in social, economic and political rights in an impartial, away from any affiliation or bias, because human rights now in Egypt has become a thorny and complicated issue to a large extent. It is difficult to understand the optimal, because the size of the violations exceeded. The quantity and quality - all the conclusions and expectations.
- This phenomenon deserve to stop, because what there are in Egypt of a significant deterioration in human rights file, which exceeded all violations carried out by the previous regimes.
- The desire of some parties to the current authority in the suppression of its opponents, violation of the Egyptian citizen's rights and the violation of rights in natural life and human dignity.
- In the face of this phenomenon, the coordination must take position subjected to the violated rights of citizens and what is a waste of all their rights and freedoms constitutional and legal, guaranteed by the Constitution, laws and treaties ratified by Egypt, trying hard to educate Egyptian society of their rights, to get awareness community with deep and vigilant towards his rights, which got lost in the absences practices existing authority, and assist in the installation of a culture of human rights in the mentality and heart and conscience Egyptian society, which is the cornerstone of building and primary Nations progress and growth toward a bright future, to become a part of the culture of the community.
"And we have certainly honored the children of Adam and carried them on the land and sea and provided for them of the good things and preferred them over much of what We have created, with [definite] preference."
"States must promote and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems".
World Conference on Human Rights in 1993 – Vienna
The "Egyptian coordination of rights and freedoms" deployment of their reports (half-year), issued respectively from the first to tenth of current August, for the first half of the year 2015, and was pleased that released today a comprehensive complex report in accordance with the next methodology.
ECRF – Cairo: August 2015
Human rights are a philosophical and political concept which, taken as a juridical basis by modern constitutions, describes the inalienable rights that every person possesses.
CRO Cyber Rights Organization’s mission to create a world where digital rights are respected and protected according to the principles of the European Declaration on Digital Rights.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. It has been rightly proclaimed in the American declaration of independence that “all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Created with certain unalienable rights….” Similarly, Indian Constitution has ensured and enshrined Fundamental rights for all citizens irrespective of caste, creed, religion, color, sex or nationality. These basic rights, commonly known as human rights, are recognized the world over as basic rights with which every individual is born.
Executive Summary
2799 killed in two years
Killings by the Egyptian authorities varied, as it evolved from civil killings during protests and marches to armed scattering of peaceful sit-ins in which the army was involved.
Systematic killings were evolved then into other forms of which we mention torture and killings inside prisons using deprivation and torture beyond what human beings can stand.
Again recently it evolved into direct assassination and liquidation of individuals.
The study has included three periods of time according to the associated incidents; as the first period, which falls between June, 30, 2013 and August, 13, 2013, has witnessed 316 murders, followed by the period between August, 14 and August, 16, 2013 which has witnessed 2007 murders and last but not least the period between August, 17, 2013 and August, 12, 2015 where a total 476 murders were committed by the current regime. That's all what the Coordination has manages to document according to supplied information and the documentation of the big events only.
Global protest suppressionRelation between Sandro Suzart, SUZART, GOOGLE ...Sandro Santana
Sandro Suzart, SUZART, GOOGLE INC and United States on relationship among Demonstrations, 2013. IMPEACHMENTS of 22 governments, Relation, Sandro Suzart, SUZART, GOOGLE INC, United States, Demonstrations countries IMPEACHMENT, GOOGLE INC, the torture suffered by Sandro Suzart, Genocide in Egypt and Lybia.
Global protest suppression_Relation Sandro Suzart SUZART GOOGLE INC Un...Sandro Suzart
relationship between Sandro Suzart SUZART GOOGLE INC and United States on Demonstrations 2013 and Impeachments of 22 governments Relation, Sandro Suzart, SUZART, GOOGLE INC, United States on Demonstrations countries IMPEACHMENT GOOGLE INC
A case for an International Anti-Corruption CourtDr Lendy Spires
The Case for an International Anti-Corruption Court 2 COMBATING GRAND CORRUPTION: THE NEED FOR A NEW INTERNATIONAL APPROACH United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan rightly wrote in 2004 that: Corruption is an insidious plague that has a wide range of corrosive effects on societies. It undermines democracy and the rule of law, leads to violations of human rights, distorts markets, erodes the quality of life and allows organized crime, terrorism and other threats to human security to flourish.2 However, this rhetoric contrasts starkly with the reality of the ineffective international efforts to combat corruption. The experience of the United States provides a model for a new international approach to combating corruption. Public corruption exists in the United States. State and local officials, particularly, at times abuse their public offices for private gain. However, in contrast to many other nations, the United States is serious about combating corruption. In the United States, we do not rely on elected state prosecutors to do this because they are often part of the political establishment that must be challenged and, in any event, lack the necessary legal authority and resources. Rather, we rely primarily on federal investigators, prosecutors, and courts to pursue and punish corrupt state and local officials. In the United States, sometimes acting on information provided by private parties who want to remain anonymous, independent media often expose corruption. Federal investigators are authorized to conduct undercover operations and secretly record conversations, and are adept at unraveling complicated financial transactions.
Abstract: The menace of corruption in Nigeria is very pervasive with global implications. So pervasive is corruption in Nigeria that almost every aspect of National life is affected one way or the other (Matthew et al 2013). According to Woodward 2015, psychosocial approach looks at individuals in the context of the combined influence that psychological factors and the surrounding social environment have on their physical and mental wellness and their ability to function. This approach is used in broad range of helping professions in health and social care settings as well as by medical and social science researchers. It is however difficult to provide the exact date that corruption became a subject of national discourse in Nigeria (Matthew et al 2013). The age of corruption in Nigeria however, has affected the socio-psychology of the citizenry as there have been little or no effective measures put in place to curb the menace of corruption. It is also undisputedly true that corruption in the Nigerian society has eaten deep into the law enforcement agencies, political parties, political leaders, judicial system, government and private ministries and parastatals, law makers, etc., and above all, the psycho-social standing of the citizenry is greatly affected. Thus, curbing corruption in Nigeria may seem too daunting to dare but before proffering critical remedies/strategies/recommendations that will help tremendously in curbing corruption in Nigeria, a closer look at some two major factors that have been grossly infected by corruption will be considered. These two factors are carefully selected because the multiplier effects of corruption we see today in Nigeria find their roots in these two factors which are political corruption and judicial corruption. If corruption in these two institutions mentioned is curbed, then corruption in other aspects of life would have been greatly diminished and the slogan “change begins with me” would become more productive in the reduction of corruption as well as conscience upliftment and Nigeria would be in her way forward to a corrupt-free nation.
Keywords: corruption.
Title: TOWARDS CURBING CORRUPTION IN NIGERIAN SOCIETY
Author: NWUZOR, E. EZIAKU, ANYAOGU, BONIFACE E
International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH),
ISSN 2349-7831,
Paper Publications
Similar to The Annual Report of 2015 Human rights in Egypt (20)
صرخة
لا يمكن هنا أن نقارن بين العام الفائت 2017 وأي عام آخر, فمنذ أربع سنوات وكل عام هو كيان مستقل بذاته, يطرح منهجية مختلفة في الانتهاكات التي تصيب حقوق الإنسان في مقتل, فمع ارتفاع وتيرة القتل في 2013 للمتظاهرين أصبح عام 2014 عام الإخفاء القسري, وتحول 2015 إلى عام التصفية الجسدية, و2016 كان بداية لتصفية المجتمع المدني, أما 2017 فقد شمل كل هذا بلا استثناء؛ فمع ارتفاع معدل الإخفاء القسري والتصفية, بدأنا من منتصفه نتابع أحكام الإعدام النهائية المتتالية والتي انتهت ببدء نزيف التنفيذ.
فعام 2017 له خصوصية في نوعية وطبيعة الانتهاء, بل إن الأجهزة الأمنية قد طوّرت من نوعية الانتهاكات ومنهجيتها, واستمرت في الضغط على المجتمع المدني وخاصة الحقوقيين سواءً كانوا نشطاء أو منظمات؛ فوجدنا فيه تشميع مركز النديم واقتحام المفوضية فضلا عن الحملة الإعلامية ضد التنسيقية, مع اعتقال أحمد شوقي، وحنان بدر الدين، ومهينور المصري، واستمرار اعتقال محمد صادق.
انتهى العام باعتقال العشرات من الصحفيين وإخفاء بعضهم, مع محاولة الضغط غير طبيعي عليهم ليوقفوا عملهم في توصيل الصورة بأي زاوية أو شكل إلى الناس.
لم ينتهِ العام إلا وهناك حظر لمئات المواقع الصحفية والإخبارية والحقوقية وأصبح إغلاق المجال العام هو السمت الأبرز لهذا العام, فمع قوانين تقييد الصحافة والإعلام والمجتمع المدني أصبحت كل مصادر المعلومة ووسائل عرضها في يد السلطة وفقط, ولا رأي يعلو فوق رأي السلطة.
2017 هو العام الذي اختصر كل ما سبق من انتهاكات وشمل كل ما سقط، ووفّى ولم يقصر في دحر حقوق الإنسان والإنسان في مصر.
لذا, فإن تقريرنا هذا هو صرخة إلى الكل, صرخة لعل السلطة وأجهزتها الأمنية تستفيق وتعيد النظر في سياستها تجاه حقوق الإنسان.
صرخة تذكّر الكل بواجبه تجاه هذا الوطن الذي غرق في الدماء والذي يحتاج إلى عقلاء لوقفها..
صرخة وطن يئن من واقع ما يتعرض له من تعذيب واعتقال وإخفاء وإعدام وتصفية جسدية، وما حدث من إغلاق وسائل التعبير ومواقع المنظمات الحقوقية ومقارها, واستمرار الانتهاكات ضد الصحافة والإعلام والحقوقيين..
صرخة أسر غاب عائلها إعدامًا أو تصفيةً أو اعتقالًا أو إخفاءً..
في هذا التقرير سنعرض لما قمنا برصده وتوثيقه فقط وليس كل ما حدث في 2017 ولا يزال يحدث حتى الآن, فما حدث أكبر من الوصف, ونتمنى أن تصل هذه التقارير إلى صانعي القرار والسياسات ومنصات الرأي لتكون وسيلة من وسائل الضغط لوقف الانتهاكات وإعادة النظر في سياسة السلطة نحو المواطنين بشكل عام والمعارضين السياسيين بشكل خاص, هي صرخة لعلها تجد آذانا مصغية, ولكني أظن أنه ما من مجيب.
صرخة ... أوقفوا انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان
عزت غنيم
المدير التنفيذي
التنسيقية المصرية للحقوق والحريات
صرخة
لا يمكن هنا أن نقارن بين العام الفائت 2017 وأي عام آخر, فمنذ أربع سنوات وكل عام هو كيان مستقل بذاته, يطرح منهجية مختلفة في الانتهاكات التي تصيب حقوق الإنسان في مقتل, فمع ارتفاع وتيرة القتل في 2013 للمتظاهرين أصبح عام 2014 عام الإخفاء القسري, وتحول 2015 إلى عام التصفية الجسدية, و2016 كان بداية لتصفية المجتمع المدني, أما 2017 فقد شمل كل هذا بلا استثناء؛ فمع ارتفاع معدل الإخفاء القسري والتصفية, بدأنا من منتصفه نتابع أحكام الإعدام النهائية المتتالية والتي انتهت ببدء نزيف التنفيذ.
فعام 2017 له خصوصية في نوعية وطبيعة الانتهاء, بل إن الأجهزة الأمنية قد طوّرت من نوعية الانتهاكات ومنهجيتها, واستمرت في الضغط على المجتمع المدني وخاصة الحقوقيين سواءً كانوا نشطاء أو منظمات؛ فوجدنا فيه تشميع مركز النديم واقتحام المفوضية فضلا عن الحملة الإعلامية ضد التنسيقية, مع اعتقال أحمد شوقي، وحنان بدر الدين، ومهينور المصري، واستمرار اعتقال محمد صادق.
انتهى العام باعتقال العشرات من الصحفيين وإخفاء بعضهم, مع محاولة الضغط غير طبيعي عليهم ليوقفوا عملهم في توصيل الصورة بأي زاوية أو شكل إلى الناس.
لم ينتهِ العام إلا وهناك حظر لمئات المواقع الصحفية والإخبارية والحقوقية وأصبح إغلاق المجال العام هو السمت الأبرز لهذا العام, فمع قوانين تقييد الصحافة والإعلام والمجتمع المدني أصبحت كل مصادر المعلومة ووسائل عرضها في يد السلطة وفقط, ولا رأي يعلو فوق رأي السلطة.
2017 هو العام الذي اختصر كل ما سبق من انتهاكات وشمل كل ما سقط، ووفّى ولم يقصر في دحر حقوق الإنسان والإنسان في مصر.
لذا, فإن تقريرنا هذا هو صرخة إلى الكل, صرخة لعل السلطة وأجهزتها الأمنية تستفيق وتعيد النظر في سياستها تجاه حقوق الإنسان.
صرخة تذكّر الكل بواجبه تجاه هذا الوطن الذي غرق في الدماء والذي يحتاج إلى عقلاء لوقفها..
صرخة وطن يئن من واقع ما يتعرض له من تعذيب واعتقال وإخفاء وإعدام وتصفية جسدية، وما حدث من إغلاق وسائل التعبير ومواقع المنظمات الحقوقية ومقارها, واستمرار الانتهاكات ضد الصحافة والإعلام والحقوقيين..
صرخة أسر غاب عائلها إعدامًا أو تصفيةً أو اعتقالًا أو إخفاءً..
في هذا التقرير سنعرض لما قمنا برصده وتوثيقه فقط وليس كل ما حدث في 2017 ولا يزال يحدث حتى الآن, فما حدث أكبر من الوصف, ونتمنى أن تصل هذه التقارير إلى صانعي القرار والسياسات ومنصات الرأي لتكون وسيلة من وسائل الضغط لوقف الانتهاكات وإعادة النظر في سياسة السلطة نحو المواطنين بشكل عام والمعارضين السياسيين بشكل خاص, هي صرخة لعلها تجد آذانا مصغية, ولكني أظن أنه ما من مجيب.
صرخة ... أوقفوا انتهاكات حقوق الإنسان
عزت غنيم
المدير التنفيذي
التنسيقية المصرية للحقوق والحريات
ملخص التقرير
في سابقة هى الأولى من نوعها، قامت قوات الأمن التابعة لوزارة الداخلية المصرية بحملات مداهمات واعتقالات ضد الطلاب الوافدين التركستانين وأسرهم في مقر إقامتهم والأمكان التي يترددون عليها في حي مدينة نصر بالقاهرة وذلك في يوم 5 يوليو 2017، حيث تم التنسيق الامني بين قوات الأمن المصرية والصينية على البدء في اعتقال هؤلاء الطلاب وترحيلهم إلى الصين في هذا اليوم ، حيث تحظر الصين تعليم الدين الإسلامي وتطالبهم بالعودة إلى البلاد، وسبق أن قامت السلطات الصينية باعتقال أسرهم للضغط عليهم للعودة، وعلى إثرها تم احتجاز وأعتقال الطلاب كالاتي
1- أقسام الشرطة:
- اعتقلت السلطات المصرية مايقرب من 80 طالبا وطالبة , وتم احتجازهم اولا داخل قسم اول مدينة نصر ثم تم نقلهم الي ترحيلات التحرير وأخيرا تم نقلهم الي داخل قسم الخليفة بالقاهرة ، وبمجرد وصولهم لقسم الخليفة حضر ممثل من السفارة الصينية الذي قام بتصويرهم وحصل على بياناتهم ، وتقوم قوات الأمن بمعاملتهم معاملة سيئة غير آدمية، كما رفضت القوات إدخال أي أطعمة أو مياة لهم طبقا لشهادة من أحد الطلاب اصدقائهم والذي ادي بشهادته لباحثي التنسيقية المصرية وأيضا رفضت قوات الامن تواصل المحامين معهم.
- كما اعتقلت قوات الامن 12 شخصا آخرين تم احتجازهم في قسم النزهة بالقاهرة.
- وفي الدقهلية، اعتقلت قوات الأمن 4 أفراد وتم إخلاء سبيلهم بعد ذلك.
- وفي الغردقة، احتجزت قوات الأمن امرأتان ورجل في قسم شرطة الغردقة صباح اليوم وهم في طريقهم للمطار وتم تحويلهم للنيابة بزعم ان اوراق الاقامة غير سلمية ، ولكن النيابة العامة قررت اطلاق سراحهم , ولكنهم لايزالوا محتجزين في قسم الشرطة لعدم وجود قرار سياسي باخلاء سبيلهم .
2- المطارات:
3- تم استيقاف 24 منهم في مطار برج العرب منذ 5 يوليو ، تمكن 6 أفراد فقط من الخروج ، وتبقى 18شخصا مازالو محتجزين حتى الآن.
4- 3 اشخاص في مطار القاهرة , فقد تم استيقاف زوج وزوجته في مطار القاهرة وهما " عبدالغفار وست النساء" ولايزالون محتجزين حتى الآن , وأخر يسمي عبدالعزيز محتجز منذ 21 يونيو 2017
5- 5 اشخاص في مطار الغردقة , فقد تم استيقاف 3 أفراد في مطار الغردقة منذ الخميس الماضي 5 يوليو وحتى الآن، كما تم احتجاز 2 آخرين اليوم 10 يوليو 2017
التنسيقية المصرية للحقوق والحريات
annual report
Contents
2016 year is one of the few years that will not be forgotten by working in the human rights field in Egypt particularly, and all workers in the judicial matter, and especially the lawyers generally, human rights violations have risen dramatically, although the prosecution did not work to the investigation into the violations and listen to complaints.
The year 2016 is the "Year of young man", the violations committed against young people have intensified, and the cases of forced disappearances and physical liquidation and torture also have increased.
This year, with all the violations, the general work was closed in Egypt fully through 2016, before discuss of the NGO law, a large number of lawyers and civil society actors have been barred from traveling outside Egypt,
But also has to withhold the money and the arrest and fabrication of accusations, this year became the height of violations against workers in the public work and human rights in Egypt.
Violations became continue, sane sounds began to reduce, with the voices (noisy orchestra) controls the situation, every sincere for the country was forced to move back or silence as a result of the systematic attack on all defenders of the rights in Egypt.
With the decline defenders Forcibly, and the increasing of violations in all fields, the human became in Egypt stands a single in front of the predominance of authorities on his economic and social rights abnormally, after the waste of all his political and civil rights, and so became the Constitution and the law in Egypt paper copy without value, and the punishments have become the legal provenance in the deal between the government and the citizen with no right.
Defenders of human rights if did not return to the first row, to be the first defense wall of the human rights in Egypt, and return to their role in stopping the encroachment of authority and continuous violations of the Constitution and the law and international conventions,
We cannot claim that there is a "homeland or state" will continue, we can in the time that claims to its existence.
EzzatGhoneim
Executive Director
For
Egyptian coordination for rights and freedoms
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي
مازالت "التنسيقية المصرية للحقوق والحريات" تتابع رصدها لانتهاكات حقوق الإنسان في مصر؛ ومما يؤسف له أن تستمر وتيرة الانتهاكات من قبل السلطات بحق المواطن المصري في مختلف الحقوق للشهر الخامس من العام 2016.
فبعد أن كان شهر إبريل نموذجا لحالة القمع الشديدة التي يعيشها المواطن المصري، ومقابلة السلطة له في أي احتجاج سلمي بالتنكيل والاعتقال. فقد تبعه شهر مايو2016 أيضا بعدد لا بأس به من الاحتجاجات والتحركات السلمية؛ في حين لم تقابل السلطات تلك التحركات سوي بالمزيد والمزيد من القمع والانتهاك.
حيث بلغت عدد حالات الاعتقال خلال هذا الشهر إلى 420 حالة اعتقال بينهم 5 من الإناث، وكذلك تعرض 25 معتقلا للتعذيب فيما تم رصده فقط، بينهم 16 حالة هي في حقيقتها تعذيب عن طريق الحرمان من العلاج والدواء الملائم ، فضلا عن 48 حالة اخفاء قسري.
عانا المعتقلون في السجون المصرية والمسجونين الجنائيين على السواء في فترة الدراسة من الكثير من محاور الانتهاكات التي طالت اغلبهم ، أبرزها علي الإطلاق هو القتل بالاهمال الطبي
فقد بلغ عدد القتلى داخل مقار الاحتجاز فى عهد عدلى منصورالى حوالي 111 حالة وبلغ عدد القتلى داخل مقار الاحتجاز فى عهد السيسى 209 حالة باجمالي 320 حالة قتل بالاهمال الطبي مما ينذر بكارثة كبيرة فيما يخص تقديم الرعاية الصحية للمعتقلين فقد تم رصد حالات توفت داخل السجون لامتناع ادارة السجن عن ادخال الادوية اليهم بل ومنع نقلهم الى مستشفي السجن حتى سأت حالتهم وأدت الى وفاتهم , وأيضا منع الاطعامة الصحية عن المسجونين بل تم رصد حالات في بعض السجون منع فيها المياه عن المسجون او الخروج من زنزانته لرؤية الشمس مما أصاب الكثير من المعتقلين بامراض متعلقة بالعظام .
وفي إطار رصدنا لهذه الحالات فقد رصدنا تعمد واضح من مصلحة السجون التابعة لوزارة الداخلية في منع الادوية والعلاج وأي رعاية صحية للمعتقلين ليصلوا الى الوفاة .
ومن هذا ما ذكره مأمور سجن العقرب الاسبق الذي قال نصا إن سجن العقرب معمول علشان اللي يدخله ميطلعش الا ميت "
وقد رصدنا أيضا تكدس في زنازين بعض السجون والاقسام أد الى حدوث حالات اختناق للمعتقلين والمسجونين السياسيين و الجنائيين .
وما نرصده في تقريرنا هذا هو غيض من فيض الانتهاكات التي يتعرض لها المعتقلون السياسيون والمسجونيين الجنائيين في كافة السجون المصرية بلا استثناء وخاصة سجون العقرب ووادي النطرون و طره ووداي النطرون وبرج العقرب بالاضافة الى معسكرات الامن المركزي التي تحولت الى سجون دون اي قرار , وأيضا كافة الاقسام التي تحولت الى اماكن احتجاز على مستوي جمهورية مصر العربية
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي :
- في ذكري احتفالات المصريين بانتصارات السادس من أكتوبر، خرجت جموع من الشعب المصري للتظاهر السلمي في عدد من المحافظات لرفض النظام القائم واعتراضا علي ما حدث في الثالث من يوليو 2013، وقد كانت التظاهرات تحت شعار :"الشعب يسترد جيشه" مطالبة بعودة الجيش إلي ثكناته وابتعاده عن المشهد السياسي.
- واجهت قوات الأمن المصرية تلك التظاهرات بالقوة المسلحة، حيث استخدمت في تفريق المتظاهرين، الغاز الكثيف، الرصاص الخرطوش والرصاص الحي؛ هذا فضلا عن نصب الكمائن الأمنية للاعتقالات، والتضييق علي المصابين ومنع سيارات الإسعاف رغم الحالات الحرجة الكثيرة والإصابات الخطيرة في الرأس والصدر، وهو ما أدي بنا إلي أن نري "الأمخاخ والرؤوس المتطايرة"..بخلاف رفض المستشفيات استقبال المصابين والحيلولة دون إقامة مستشفيات ميدانية لإسعاف المصابين بالمخالفة لكل القوانين الدولية التى تمنع هذا حتى لمصابى النزاعات والحروب.
- أكد الشهود والمختصون في شهادتهم للتنسيقية علي أن نوعية الإصابات أكدت أن الرصاص تم إطلاقه عليهم من مسافات قريبة؛ ما يعني أن الغرض من استخدام السلاح كان القتل بشكل مباشر وليس الارهاب او التخويف .
- تؤكد الأرقام التي استطاعت التنسيقية توثيقها فيما يخص تلك المجزرة، سقوط 82 قتيلا، أغلبهم في محافظتي القاهرة والجيزة، بالإضافة إلى محافظتي المنيا وبني سويف والإسماعيلية وبني سويف منهم أكثرهم شباب صغير السن ومنهم امرأتين هما فتاة فى بنى سويف وسيدة أخرى، وكذلك سقوط نحو 1000 جريحا، فيما قامت قوات الأمن باعتقال أكثر من 806 تم الإفراج عن بعضهم وتم الحكم على68 معتقل منهم بالسجن المشدد 15 عام و5 سنين مراقبة و20000 ألف غرامة، فيما تم الحكم على حوالى 163 آخرين بعامين بتهم إثارة الشغب وتكدير السلم العام ، وهذه الأعداد فقط ما تمكنت التنسيقية من حصره ورصده وتوثيقه فى ظل تلاحق الأحداث والضغوط الأمنية.
- هذا غير العديد من الانتهاكات الأخرى كمنع الإعلاميين والصحفيين من ممارسة عملهم وتغطية الأحداث بينما تجاهل الإعلام الرسمي الحدث وما فيه من دماء وأشلاء، واتجه فقط إلي نقل فعليات الاحتفالات بذكري السادس من أكتوبر.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Violations varied during the past six months and even now in Egyptian prisons, especially in two Alakrab "heavily guarded" and Wadi El Natroun prison complex (1, 430 and 440).
1- Violent physical torture.
2- Psychological torture.
3- Prevention of visits and correspondence.
4- Prevention of food and water.
5- Cutting off electricity in the dungeon.
6- Failure to provide any medical care.
7- Prevention of imprisoned - in most cases - to complete his
study, and refused to attend examinations.
8- The lack of toilet.
9- Cancel - most - times of exercise and exit from dungeon.
10- The lack of adequate ventilation in the dungeon.
11- Seizure of Complimentary Toiletries.
12- The presence of Hail glass during the visit.
13- Overcrowding in the dungeon.
14- Solitary confinement.
15- Westernization.
16- Seizure of personal belongings.
INTRODUCTION
In the absence of an elected parliament that expresses the people and their concerns. In light of the growing awesome network of exceptional laws, which violating the Egyptian constitution of 2014 and the Egyptian successive Constitutions and violating of all international conventions signed by the Egyptian government, is getting the brunt of these laws that the Egyptian citizen burned.
In the light of this legislative vacuum there are many laws that restricted of the rights and freedoms of citizens, until it be more than 800 law and decision issued by individual decision from the president.
The important question is whether the country and its citizens really need this vast amounting of restricted law for freedom of its people and shackled the progress of society.
Does the law on terrorism and the law terrorist entities are able to stop this intellectual extremism creeping armed US?
Does Egypt need to have issue laws or it need to coherence of the Community intellectually and politically to stand in front of this wave of abnormal thought?
Can the Egypt deter a criminal by the laws or the government creates more extremists who find in violating of their rights field to force this country and continue to face?
Egypt is in dire need of wise now to take it towards the right path away from the fossilized minds or extremist ideas.
Therefore, we need to stop in front of these violations that Egypt was suffering in the human right's file in an unprecedented way in all the previous eras. The current power desires liquidation of all its opponents inside and outside prisons in the light of continued killings and torture.
We need to stop for a cessation of all manifestations of Industry extremism. We seek to build a nation afford all his sons. Egypt will not progressing by the cuffed law that was fallen what is remain of Egypt institutions which created a new tyrants by the law!
METHODOLOGY OF THE REPORT
These reports methodology has adopted to collect information, through direct monitoring to researchers of ECRF for the cases and asked all the associated of the incident under discussion. In this report we have adopted on all investigations and press releases that have been issued over the past months, as well as asked lawyers, experts and jurists.
Executive Summary
Press suffered during the period of this study from many axes of violations, most notably of all is extrajudicial killizngs, where two new cases of murder were located, as well as the fabrication of charges against innocents in the case of Mayada Ashraf and trying to point fingers away from the police, despite the testimony of witnesses. That led so far to a sum number of 12 Martyrs of the press since June 30, 2013 until July 15, 2015. At another level photographers injuries represented (3 cases of serious injuries have been monitored in the report) the most important axis in the monitoring of firearm injuries, which means the lack of any safety standards for those who convey Event, the interior is the capital accused in the actions of shooting gunfire at photographers, according to the accounts of all the injured.
Among the most important images of violations also was the sentences based on fabricated charges against reporters, which became during the study period a sum of 2 death sentences, one of them in his presence, and 17 sentenced to life imprisonment, and with respect to arrest and detention there has been 36 cases, including 7 editors, and 17 arbitrarily detained cases to date. As well as the arrest and release of 16 cases over the circumstances of fabricated charges. In addition to 3 disappeared till now cases. It is unfortunate that a lot of arrests begins with enforced disappearance and then torture and fabrication of charges.
As well as the images of other violations, the increasing cases of unfair dismissal in media institutions lately - since the beginning of the year 2015- under the title of expenses-cutting , not to mention the abuses inside prisons, poor conditions and denial of treatment.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The pace of suicide continued whereas in the period from January 2015 to August 31, 2015 according to what has been monitoring the cases of suicide actually happened amounted about 170 cases. These are otherwise the suicide attempts and were rescued.
• Man was the biggest number in the suicide cases, since women reached 32 cases only in by 18.82% while men cases reached 138 by 81.17%.
• In addition, the highest percentage of suicide cases was among the youth in the age group between 18: 35 since they were 89 cases by 52.35%.
The report includes the followings:
FIRST: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.
SECOND: INTRODUCTION.
THIRD: METHODOLOGY.
FORTH: SUICIDE TURNED INTO NOTABLE PHENOMENON.
FIFTH: CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE.
SIXTH: CLASSIFICATION BY AGE.
SEVENTH: CLASSIFICATION BY SUICIDE REASONS.
EIGHTH: CLASSIFICATION BY OCCUPATION.
NINTH: RECOMMENDATIONS.
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي :
تعتمد مؤشرات ممارسة الديمقراطية علي تقييم طبيعة البيئة الناتجة عن تطبيقات نظام ديمقراطي؛ حيث تبقي نتائج الممارسة هي الأساس.
وقد رصدت التنسيقية 7 من المحددات والمؤشرات العامة التي تمثل قياسا للآداء الديمقراطي، وذلك بالمعني الواسع للديمقراطية بما تشمله من أوضاع سياسية واجتماعية وثقافية..
ومما يؤسف له أن تبتعد الأوضاع في المجتمع المصري عن معاني الديمقراطية الحقيقة في كافة محدداتها، والتي هي: [الاستقرار السياسي، التجاوب الفعال في أوقات الحروب، انخفاض مستوى الإرهاب
انخفاض مستوى الفساد، انخفاض الفقر والمجاعة، انخفاض نسبة قتل الشعب، السعادة ]..
وقد خلص التقرير الحالي بعد تقييمه لهذه المحددات إلي أن الفساد فى مصر يهدر 800 مليار جنيه سنويا، وأنه ليست هناك خطة واضحة لمكافحة الفساد، كما أن ثمانية مصريين يمتلكون قرابة 22.3 مليار دولار أي أقل قليلا من 10٪ من الناتج القومي المصري الذي يشكل الدين العام 88٪ منه، وكذلك فقد تزايد معدل الفقر في مصر يتزايد في الفترة الأخيرة، بحيث زاد عن 26.3% من المصريين.
وفي سياق مختلف فقد كانت محصلة ممارسة الدولة للقتل خارج نطاق القانون منذ 30 يونية 2013 وحتي أغسطس الماضي 2015 ووفقا لما تم رصده فقط 3945 حالة قتل من قبل الدولة للمواطنين خارج نطاق القانون. كما تم رصد 170 حالة انتحار وقعت بالفعل في ثمانية أشهر فقط.
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي
استمرت وتيرة حالات الانتحار في التصاعد، فشملت في الفترة من يناير 2015 وحتي 31 أغسطس 2015 بحسب ما تم رصده 170 حالة انتحار وقعت بالفعل، هذا بخلاف الحالات التي كانت عبارة عن محاولات انتحار فقط، وتم إنقاذها.
• وقد كان الرجل هو صاحب العدد الأكبر في حالات الانتحار؛ حيث بلغ عدد حالات الإناث 32 حالة فقط بنسبة 18.82%، بينما بلغ عدد حالات الرجال 138بنسبة 81.17%.
• كما بلغت النسبة الأكبر لحالات الانتحار في شريحة الشباب والمنحصرة في الفئة العمرية ما بين (18: 35) حيث بلغت 89 حالة بنسبة 52.35%
وفي هذا التقرير تقرأ:
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي
ثانيا : مقدمة التقرير
ثالثا : منهجية التقرير
رابعا : تحول الانتحار إلي ظاهرة لافتة
خامسا: التصنيف بحسب النوع
سادسا: التصنيف بحسب السن
سابعا: التصنيف بحسب أسباب الانتحار
ثامنا: التصنيف بحسب المهنة
تاسعا: التوصيات
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي :
- 30 ألف مواطن تحت حصار قوات الأمن لقريتهم «البصارطة» بجنوب مركز دمياط على الطريق الدولى.
- تتعرض القرية لحصار مستمر، ومؤخرا وبالتحديد منذ 29 أغسطس 2015 وفي أقل من أسبوع، وفي ثلاثة أيام فقط من الاقتحام كانت المحصلة:[ اقتحام 25 شقة و محل، وتحطيم محتويات بعضها وسرقة بعض الأموال من أحدها وترويع الأطفال بالسلاح، فضلا عن 5 معتقلين].
- 5 قتلي هم محصلة اعتداءات قوات الأمن علي قرية البصارطة منذ 30 يونية وإلي الآن [ بينهم 3 في مجزرة 9 مايو 2015 وقد تم اعتقالهم أحياء ثم تصفيتهم بدم بارد، وهم:( عوض بدوي - أمين أبو حشيش - عمر أبو جلالة).
- من بين القتلي أيضا من أهالي من البصارطة في الأحداث الأخري "د. عمرو عوض- طبيب بيطري " قُتل بطلق ناري في اعتداء الأمن علي احدي الجنازات-جنازة عبد الله خروبة- بتاريخ 16 اغسطس 2013 وهي الجنازة التي قُتل فيها 8 من أبناء دمياط كلها وكانت مجزرة مروعة بشهادة الأهالي، و "ﻣﻤﺪﻭﺡ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ"-ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻴﺴﺎﻧﺲ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ- وقد أصيب جراء اعتداء قوات الأمن علي احدي المسيرات المعارضة للنظام الحالي، ما أدي إلي إصابته بخرطوش ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ أﺩﻯ ﺇﻟﻰ شلل ﺭﺑﺎﻋﻰ، ومن ثم الوفاة متأثرا بإصابته وذلك في النصف الأول من العام 2014].
- 100 من أبناء القرية مازالوا رهن الاعتقال إلي الآن من بين 170 تم اعتقالهم منذ أحداث 30 يونية 2013 وإلي الآن.
- 100 معتقل أيضا من قرية الخياطة بشمال مركز دمياط.
- اقتحامات للبيوت والمنازل بشكل مستمر.
- من بين 11 معتقلة من نساء دمياط، يقعن 3 منهن من البصارطة .
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي :
في اطار رصد التنسيقية لانتهاكات حقوق الانسان في مصر وظاهرة الاخفاء القسري بشكل خاص بدءا من منتصف 2014 وحتى الان وجدنا ان هذه الظاهرة قد اتسع مداها واستفحلت بشكل قد ينذر بكارثة حقيقة على المجتمع المصري .
وقد تأكدنا أن ظاهرة الاخفاء القسري في مصر ليست ظاهرة عابرة بل هي منهجية متبعة للاجهزة الامنية في سبيل الضغط على الخصوم السياسيين في بعض الحالات وحالات أخري لاخفاء ظاهرة التعذيب التي باتت منتشرة كانتشار النار في الهشيم والتي وصل في بعضها الى حدوث حالات قتل .
فقد رصدنا تعرض 1250 مواطن مصري للإخفاء القسري خلال الثمانية أشهر الماضية من عام 2015 بشكل تدريجي ففي يناير 2015 كان العدد 44 مواطن فقط ارتفع في فبراير الى 91 حالة ثم في مارس 160 حالة ثم في ابريل رصدنا 228 حالة اخفاء قسري فوجئنا بزيادة معلات الاخفاء القسري في شهر مايو بشكل مخيف اقتربت من ال 393 حالة اخفاء قسري واقترب في منتصف العام في شهر يونيو من 278 حالة اخفاء قسري.
وفي يوليو 2015 تم رصد 103 حالة إخفاء، ارتفعت وفقا لما تم رصده وتوثيقه فقط في أغسطس إلي 124، وهذا الرقم هو إجمالي ما أمكن رصده فقط من الحالات وليس كل الحالات خلال الفترة من 1 يناير 2015 وحتى بدايات الأسبوع الأخير من شهر أغسطس 2015 وسط ظروف بالغة الصعوبة تكتنف عمليات الرصد و التوثيق والقائمين عليها من تهديدات وملاحقات أمنية لكل العاملين في الحقل الحقوقي في مصر من افراد ومنظمات مجتمع مدني .
ومن أجالي رصدنا وجدنا أن هناك 228 حالة من المختفين قسريا لايزالوا مفقودين فلم يعرضوا على اي نيابة او يتم العثور عليهم في اي قسم شرطة مع ان معلومات الرصد الاولية تفيد انه قد تم اعتقالهم على يد قوات من الشرطة .
و قد كانت محافظات شمال ووسط الجمهورية أكثر المحافظات نصيبا من حالات الإخفاء القسري، حيث بلغت الحالات بمحافظة الغربية 307 حالة، تلتها البحيرة ب 170 حالة ثم القاهرة ب 162 حالة ثم 75 حالة في كل من كفر الشيخ و الجيزة، ثم الشرقية 59 حالة يليها الإسكندرية ب 56 حالة، بني سويف 49 حالة، ثم بورسعيد 46 حالة ثم الدقهلية ب 42 حالة، ثم القليوبية 35 حالة، ثم دمياط ب 29 حالة ثم المنوفية 25 حالة ثم الفيوم 23 حالة ثم السويس 14 حالات ثم سوهاج 13 حالات ثم اسيوط 12 حالة، يليها قنا 11 حالات ثم المنيا 10 ثم أسوان والاسماعيلية 4 حالات لكل منهما ثم حالتين في الاقصر وما استطعنا رصده في شمال سيناء 1 حالات، ومما يجدر بنا ذكره أيضا أن هناك 67 حالة إخفاء في شهري يوليو وأغسطس علي سبيل التحديد لم نتمكن حتي كتابة تلك السطور من تحديد محافظتهم الأصلية بدقة.
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي :
• اعتقلت قوات الأمن فى الخامس من مايو الماضى 2015 ثلاثة عشر فتاه وسيدة من دمياط أثناء إحدى المسيرات السلمية الرافضة للنظام بدمياط،، ثم تم إطلاق سراح ثلاثة منهن بعد خمسة وخمسين يوما رهن الاعتقال، في حين مازالت عشرة منهن رهن الاعتقال إلي الآن بسجن بورسعيد فى ظروف حجز سيئة. في حين تم اعتقال سيدتين في وقت لاحق أثناء زيارة ذويهن في المعتقل.
• وتتعرض الفتيات والسيدات هناك إلي العديد من صور الانتهاك؛ ومن ذلك: التعذيب النفسي و التهديد بهتك العرض أثناء التحقيقات و في تواجد وكيل النيابة، وتوزيعهن على الجنائيات و تحريض الجنائيات عليهن، منع أطفال المعتقلات من رؤيتهن في سراي النيابة و التعدي بالضرب على بعضهن، الإهمال الطبي المتعمد حيث تعرضت المعتقلة "فاطمة عياد" إلى أزمة قلبية حادة ولم تجد من يسعفها وسط تعنت إدارة السجن عن تقديم المساعدة أو العلاج ولم تعرض على الطبيب إلا بعد ثلاثة أيام. فضلا عن تعرض "مريم ترك" إلي جلطة من إثر تواجدها بالمعتقل في ظروف بالغة السوء.
• أولا : الملخص التنفيذي
• ثانيا : المقدمة
• ثالثا : منهجية التقرير
• رابعا : نصوص قانونية متعلقة
• خامسا:تفاصيل الواقعة (11 سيدة وفتاة)
• سادسا: انتهاكات حادة
• سابعا: حالات صحية حرجة
• ثامنا: نماذج من رسائل المعتقلات
• تاسعا: اعتقالات لاحقة إمعانا في الاضطهاد
• عاشرا: التوصيات
أولا : الملخص التنفيذي :
• اعتقلت قوات الأمن فى الخامس من مايو الماضى 2015 ثلاثة عشر فتاه وسيدة من دمياط أثناء إحدى المسيرات السلمية الرافضة للنظام بدمياط،، ثم تم إطلاق سراح ثلاثة منهن بعد خمسة وخمسين يوما رهن الاعتقال، في حين مازالت عشرة منهن رهن الاعتقال إلي الآن بسجن بورسعيد فى ظروف حجز سيئة. في حين تم اعتقال سيدتين في وقت لاحق أثناء زيارة ذويهن في المعتقل.
• وتتعرض الفتيات والسيدات هناك إلي العديد من صور الانتهاك؛ ومن ذلك: التعذيب النفسي و التهديد بهتك العرض أثناء التحقيقات و في تواجد وكيل النيابة، وتوزيعهن على الجنائيات و تحريض الجنائيات عليهن، منع أطفال المعتقلات من رؤيتهن في سراي النيابة و التعدي بالضرب على بعضهن، الإهمال الطبي المتعمد حيث تعرضت المعتقلة "فاطمة عياد" إلى أزمة قلبية حادة ولم تجد من يسعفها وسط تعنت إدارة السجن عن تقديم المساعدة أو العلاج ولم تعرض على الطبيب إلا بعد ثلاثة أيام. فضلا عن تعرض "مريم ترك" إلي جلطة من إثر تواجدها بالمعتقل في ظروف بالغة السوء.
• أولا : الملخص التنفيذي
• ثانيا : المقدمة
• ثالثا : منهجية التقرير
• رابعا : نصوص قانونية متعلقة
• خامسا:تفاصيل الواقعة (11 سيدة وفتاة)
• سادسا: انتهاكات حادة
• سابعا: حالات صحية حرجة
• ثامنا: نماذج من رسائل المعتقلات
• تاسعا: اعتقالات لاحقة إمعانا في الاضطهاد
• عاشرا: التوصيات
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In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
2. 1info@ecrfeg.org
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The Annual Report of 2015
The Egyptian coordination
of Rights and Freedoms
Cairo 2016
Human rights in Egypt:
What Could Possibly Be Worse?
The Egyptian Coordination For Rights and Freedoms
Cairo 2016
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فهرسة بطاقة
املرصية الكتب لدار العامة الهيئة إعداد النرش أثناء فهرسة
الفـنيـة الـشـئــون إدارة
عام حصاد :العنوان
؟ أين إىل مرص يف اإلنسان حقـوق
2015 السـنــــــوي الــتـقـــريــــر
والحريات للحقوق املرصية التنسيقية :القاهرة - 1ط
املواطــن حقوق سلسلة سم 24 ،ص 212
)(املؤلف والحـريـات للحقـــوق املرصيـة التنسيـقية
The Egyptian coordination
of Rights and Freedoms
Prepared by:
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms
Reporting Unit
Series of citizen’s rights
Publisher: The Egyptian Coordination For Rights
and Freedoms
E-mail: Egypt.ecrf@gmail.com
Website: www.Ecrfeg.org
Proofreader: Dr. Abdul Rahman Badr Eldin
Cover design and art direction: Khadija Zakaria
Deposit No: 2934 for the year 2016
The Annual Report of 2015
Human Rights in Egypt: What Could Possibly Be Worse?
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Human rights in Egypt… Where to?
Contributors:
The Reporting Unit of the Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms
Researchers:
Doaa Hussein human rights researcher
Asmaa Mahmoud human rights researcher
Amr Ahmed lawyer and a human rights researcher
Mohammed Abu Huraira lawyer and a human rights researcher
Alaa Monsef human rights lawyer and researcher
Director of the Unit: Doha Ezzedine
Legal Review: Mohammed Elsayed Lawyer and legal scholar
Art Direction: Khadija Zakaria
General Manager
Ezzat Ghoniem
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info@ecrfeg.org
Index
Introduction
About the Coordination
Methodology
Executive Summary
PartI: violations of civil and political rights
Chapter One: The Violations
1. Extrajudicial Killings
2. Enforced Disappearances
3. Torture
4. Arbitrary and Preventive Detention
5. Prisons
6. Collective Punishment, Siege, and the Breaking into Towns
and Villages
7. Military Trials
8. Death Sentences
Chapter Two: The Most Vulnerable Groups
1. Women
2. Children
3. The Disabled
4. Migrants and Refugees
Chapter Three: Professionals
1. Journalists and Media Workers
2. Lawyers and Human Rights Activists
3. Academic Staff
Chapter Four: Violations against Students
Chapter Five: Legislation in the Absence of Parliament
Part II: Violations of Economic and Social Rights
1. Suicide
2. Dismissal from Work
Part III: Recommendations
5
6
8
11
17
18
23
40
50
58
87
95
101
111
112
131
139
146
151
152
166
173
196
203
212
213
217
227
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The essential criterion for the success of all private and government foundations and
organizations depends on the extent the law and the regulations concerning everyone
are applied to all, without exception or discrimination. This criterion measures how
the state respects the rights of its citizens. The application of law without exception or
discrimination, in full respect of international human rights standards, distinguish-
es between the developed countries and the underdeveloped countries. Our civilized
world is measured by the commitment to upholding the rights of citizens.
Yet here in Egypt, there are many unknown facts, and many victims whose cases have
gone undocumented. However, the obvious fact which we would like to highlight is that
there are violations, and these human rights abuses have become too numerous to be
reviewed in a report in their entirety. Though this report can reflect statistics, it cannot
describe the human pain that one suffers due to the violation of his rights and dignity.
Those observing the situation of human rights in Egypt over the past two years can see
that conditions have deteriorated. The negligence of human rights and dignity in Egypt
is not derived from the collective mind of Egypt, but it is particularly derived from
the negligence of the authorities themselves. The officials have forgotten that they are
responsible for all Egyptians without any discrimination. The good people of Egypt,
however, still reject affronts to humanity and the violation of their rights.
Juridical terms such as “enforced disappearance,” “physical liquidation,” “extra-judicial
killings,” and “medical negligence in prison” were not common in the general frame-
work in Egypt and only jurists and academics knew about them. Now these terms have
become common, proving that these crimes have reached the common people who
are not associated with politics, and as a result of their perpetration hundreds of times
until these acts affect the hearts of everyone. The security agencies are attempting to
escape from accountability, and thus they dismiss "enforced disappearances" as merely
cases of "missing" persons, and "extrajudicial killings" as their effort to "fight terrorism."
There are also new terms that have entered into public discourse which were previously
unheard of, even among academics. For instance, "hostage-taking" describes persons
detained by the security agencies in order to force their relatives to surrender.
What is worse is the negative role of the public prosecution. Public prosecutors more
often reject to apply the law, and to document and prevent instances of torture, murder
and forced disappearance. Additionally, public prosecutors have refused to investigate
the records and reports submitted by victims’ families.
In such a seemingly intransigent environment, we announced the launch of the Egyp-
tian Coordination for Rights and Freedoms in the beginning of August, 2014 to be a
neutral human rights organization, trying our best to stop the egregious negligence of
human rights in Egypt, and to express the pain of those victims who do not otherwise
have a voice to cry out against the governors. It is our hope to put an end to these con-
tinued egregious violations against Egyptians.
The Egyptian Coordination has continued in this role since its founding, and remains
to this day. We have discovered cases of enforced disappearances, documented cases
of extrajudicial killings, and issued detailed reports about cases of torture and abuse.
We will continue, God willing, until the ruling power is committed to upholding the
rights of citizens, and until they review their policies which violate human rights.
Introduction
7. 6
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Establishment:
اEThe Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms is an Egyptian human rights orga-
nization based in Cairo, founded in August of 2014. We are an independent, neutral,
non-profit, non-governmental organization aiming to document violations that occur
in Egypt. We publish systematically objective reports, studies and research in order: to
guarantee the rights of victims; to document historical events for the historical record;
and to pressure to stop violations and abuse of Egyptian citizens and all residents
within the lands of Egypt in accordance with the Constitution and the law.
It should be noted that the reports issued by the Coordination serve as references for
many international and local human rights organizations, governmental and non-gov-
ernmental organizations, as well as for a broad range of international and local Ara-
bic-language news agencies.
The "Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms" was established in Egypt as an
independent human rights civil society organization to express the pains and concerns
of Egyptian citizens after the organizers of the organization recognized systematic hu-
man rights violations in Egypt, and the need within society to provide unconditional
assistance to victims and their families.
The first founding conference of the organization was held on the first of August,
2014, which was followed by an inaugural conference on August 18, 2014, held in the
Egyptian Journalists’ Syndicate. There was broad participation of many movements
and civil society organizations in Egypt, human rights activists, and extensive media
coverage.
Our Vision:
A homeland free of human rights violations, realizing every person's natural right to live
in freedom, justice, and with human dignity, and to enjoy these conditions regardless of
ideology, skin color, political approach or ideals, or social status.
Our Message:
Support all the oppressed and defend them against the violations to which they are ex-
posed.
A Brief about the Coordination
About the Organization
The Coordination is On the Side of Humanity
Egyptian Coordination for Rights and Freedoms
The Struggle for the Freedom and Dignity of Egyptians
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Objectives:
1 Establish cooperation between all parties, institutions and activists to monitor and
document human rights violations.
2 Develop a culture promoting human rights work and community volunteering among
youth, helping them to monitor and document human rights violations and to defend
the oppressed.
3 Support and protect the most vulnerable sectors of society by asserting their rights
and equality with others in the community, particularly women, children, the disabled,
and ethnic and religious minorities.
4 Build an archive documenting all human rights violations in Egypt.
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The report tells about the violations that took place during the period from
January through December of 2015, with reference to some figures and
statistics about the violations which took place in the two years previous.
Methodology
The Time Period
Terminology
1 Enforced Disappearances:
kidnapping or detaining or any deprivation of any kind of liberty of any
person for political reasons, followed by a refusal to acknowledge its occur-
rence; or the deprivation of one’s liberty and the refusal to announce his
place and not present him for prosecution within 48 hours of his detention,
restricting his freedom without acknowledgement.
2 Physical Liquidation
homicide that is carried out by security forces against a citizen such that
he is killed by live ammunition, by throwing him from the roof of a home, or
any other means of murder during detention or after.
3 Extra Judicial Killings:
homicide which violates the law without a court ruling on a citizen or sev-
eral citizens, whether murder, physical liquidation, medical negligence, tor-
ture, disbursing demonstrations, and all other forms of homicide in viola-
tion of the law.
4 4 Hostage-Taking:
detention of an individual or a group of individuals to coerce someone to
surrender to any security body of the Egyptian State.
5 Unfair Dismissals:
dismissal from a public and private workplace due to the political position
of the individual, and not as a result of a professional error
6 Torture:
every act which results in severe pain and suffering, whether physical or
mental, financially or morally intentionally inflicted on a person to coerce
him to reveal information or to affiliate with an act or an organization, or to
force others to do a specific act or to prevent him from doing something.
7 Arbitrary Arrest and Detention:
the process of arresting and detaining an individual or a group of individ-
uals - sometimes with judicial permission - when there is no evidence of
wrongdoing.
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1 The Coordination relies on a special team of jurists to issue reports and studies,
through monitoring and field visits and meetings with victims and their families.
2 The report also relies on published reports and data from government and
official bodies, comparing the government's account with what is documented
from the victims' families or witnesses in addition to official records.
Further Notes
1 This report does not include the conditions in Sinai because it is impossible to
monitor and document there directly. It does include those identified violations
within the scope of the Arab Republic of Egypt, whether the violation was against
Egyptians or foreigners, or violations against Egyptians abroad.
2 This report only circumstantially refers to the cases of deaths in the ranks of the
armed forces and the police because it is impossible to communicate with their
families or to document the cases accurately because of a lack of information.
3 This report does not include the conditions of Egyptians who were forced to
flee Egypt as refugees to other countries due to political conditions in the country
because of the difficulty of gathering information.
4 All terms used in this report have been agreed upon by the reporting unit in the
Coordination based upon the legal description of the term and its government
and security use.
5 The difference in the statistics that may exist from one report to another is be-
cause the members of the Coordination are constantly checking, updating, and
correcting their information based upon their investigations.
6 The statistics and figures presented in these reports are not final, as they are
subject to the constant checking by the organization's monitoring and documenta-
tion teams.
Collection of information
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The rights that are protected and the personal privileges for all citizens under the law,
including the right of safety, liberty, personal security, and justice, procedural rights
of the defendant, individual freedoms and political freedoms.
We find that these rights that are disclosed in the International Covenant
for Civil and Political Rights from article 6 to article 27, confronted by a
number of serious violations during 2015, such as:
1- Qualitative analysis of violations such as murder, torture, disappearance, military
trial, etc.
2 -The most vulnerable groups particularly women, children, the disabled, and refu-
gees.
3- Special file for professionals, specifically journalists, human rights activists, law-
yers, and university staff members.
4-Violations against students.
5-Legislations enacted without a parliament.
1- Suicide
2-Occupational dismissal
The third section discusses the national and international legal frameworks protect-
ing human rights.
Finally, the recommendations were distributed according to the competen-
cies and responsibilities of each party in Egyptian society, according to the
following:
Executive summary
The first section covers five categories of violations of civil and political
rights, which are:
The second section covers economic and social rights. The report
focuses on just two forms of violations of the social and economic
rights of Egyptians, which are
- In the light of the efforts of the Egyptian Coordination for rights and freedoms to
monitor the status of human rights in Egypt, we have issued the report about the
human rights situation in the year 2015 entitled, “Human Rights in Egypt: What
Could Possibly Be Worse?”
Part I: Civil and Political Rights
Based upon the efforts of the Egyptian Coordination to issue a professional human
rights report, we have divided this report into three sections
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The human right to life (infringed upon by arbitrary killings and the death penalty),
prohibiting torture and cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment. The Egyptian Co-
ordination monitored three categories of breaches of this right:
A- Arbitrary Killing:
DDuring 2015, the Egyptian Coordination monitored 335 cases of extrajudicial killings
where: 7 citizens were killed by execution; 27 citizens were murdered through tor-
ture; 87 citizens were murdered by medical negligence; 50 citizens were murdered
during protests; and 143 citizens were killed by live ammunition or by throwing them
from the rooftops or by killing them in an unknown explosive accidents; apart from
21 dead due to sectarian violence.
B- Torture
During 2015, 387 cases of torture were documented based on the complaints re-
ceived directly from victims’ families; a total of 876 cases of torture were document-
ed, including cases without verification from victims’ families.
C- Death penalty
We monitored 1763 cases that were referred to the Grand Mufti, including 1758
males and 5 females, of whom four defendants died in detention after referral to the
Grand Mufti. During the time period of the report, 729 death sentences were issued;
of whom 427 were sentenced to death and their appeal has not yet been consid-
ered; 260 were sentenced to death and their appeal was granted, granting a retrial; 7
were sentenced to death, their appeal was granted with a retrial, and then they were
sentenced to death for the second time; 56 were sentenced to death, and they face
Safety from arrest or detention, and the right to habeas corpus, which imposes
procedural controls on detention requiring informing promptly any person exposed
to detention of the charges against him and presenting him promptly to a compe-
tent court for trial.
Many violations of this right were observed during this period including cases of
arbitrary detention, enforced disappearance, and referral to military trials for civil-
ians, according to the following instances:
A- Arbitrary Detention:
The Egyptian Coordination observed during 2015 approximately 23,000 cases of ar-
bitrary detention of Egyptian citizens. Most of these citizens are under temporary
detention, or have been referred to trial - military or civilian trials - in which they are
not guaranteed a fair trial.
(1) The Right of Physical Safetythe
(2)The Right to Liberty and Security of Person
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Freedom of movement, thought, and expression, freedom of association and
assembly, the right to citizenship, and the right to privacy.
A-Freedom of Movement:
During this period the siege of several villages and cities was observed in various
governorates of Egypt, preventing citizens from moving freely, restricting them, and
arbitrarily detaining a large number of citizens.
In addition to this, a large number of citizens were prevented from traveling,
particularly jurists, journalists, and community figures.
The number of Egyptian prisons increased from 42 to 51 after nine new prisoners
were built in 2015.
B- Freedom of Thought and Expression:
The Coordination witnessed the following violations of Egyptians’ freedom of
thought and expression, particularly targeting media workers and journalists:
i-The killing of 4 journalists in different violent incidents.
ii-The enforced disappearance and torture of 14 journalists.
iii- One-hundred and ninety-three (193) instances of physical abuse during media and
press coverage.
iv- Fifty (50) cases of arbitrary detention of journalists and media workers.
v- Thirty-eight (38) journalists and media workers were referred to criminal trials,
whether civilian or military trials.
vi- 12 television programs were prevented from airing.
vii- Egyptian security and/or police raided the headquarters of 14 newspapers, satel-
lite television channels, and news websites.
viii- In addition to the huge intransigence in dealing with journalists and media people
particularly those inside prisons.
Enforced Disappearance:
We observed 1840 cases of enforced disappearance of Egyptian citizens during the
period of observation; approximately 366 of these cases are still regarded as enforced
disappearances at the time of this report’s publication, and we will attach to the re-
port a detailed list about people who are still considered cases of enforced disappear-
ance based upon testimony gathered from the families of the victims.
C- Referral of civilians to military trials:
We observed during this period approximately 6,048 Egyptian citizens referred to
military courts in 288 cases, including approximately 578 students and minors; ap-
proximately 74 doctors, 181 teachers, and 30 lawyers. Approximately 163 of these
cases received a ruling, wherein 18 civilian citizens were sentenced to death, more
than a thousand were sentenced to life imprisonment, and thousands more were
sentenced to serve prison terms ranging from seven to fifteen years.
(3) Individual Freedom
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The four categories of people in the community that need particular care, and are
most vulnerable to abuse are women, children, the disabled and refugees.
A-Women:
Women in Egypt are exposed to many violations of their rights and dignity. From July
3, 2013 to the end of 2015, up to two thousand girls and women were held in
detention; about sixty (60) girls and women are still arbitrarily detained. Most women
are detained in Cairo (22); there are ten (10) women detained in Damietta; there are
nine (9) women detained in Al-Dakhalia; six (6) women are detained in Giza; four (4)
women are detained in Al-Gharbia; three (3) women are detained in Alexandria; two
(2) women are detained in Beni Suef; and one woman is detained in each province of
Ismailia, Sohag, Al-Fayoum and Al-Sharqia.
B- Children:
The Coordination documented one thousand two-hundred forty-three (1,243) cases
of violations of the rights of children under the age of eighteen. In 2015, there were
approximately six-hundred and thirty (630) cases of children held in detention,
sixteen (16) cases of extrajudicial killings, two-hundred and fifty (250) cases of torture,
one-hundred and twenty one (121) cases of enforced disappearance, and eighty-nine
(89) cases of medical negligence.
C- The Disabled:
We were unable to document all of the cases of disability and disabled persons inside
Egyptian prisons and places of detention. The total number of those we were able to
observe is 480 cases of detention, imprisonment, and court rulings against disabled
persons.
D- Immigrants and refugees:
Officials recorded the presence of 80,000 Syrian refugees in Egypt; other sources have
documented approximately 250,000 Syrian refugees. The rate of violations increased
against refugees in Egypt, whereby dozens of them have been detained or subjected
to enforced disappeared for different periods. Additionally, the Egyptian state has
expanded the restrictions on the issuing of residence permits in Egypt, which has
forced many refugees to flee Egypt by various (often dangerous) means.
(4)The Most Vulnerable Groups in Society:
C-Freedom of assembly and association:
- The Coordination found a significant increase in the frequency of violations of the
freedoms of assembly and association, whether public or private meetings, as well
as instances of Egyptian security/police forces breaking into many independent me-
dia institutions and severe restrictions on human rights activists and media workers,
particularly in their right to form human rights organizations or independent media
institutions.
-
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- As an indication of the absence of economic and social rights, we focused in this
section on cases of suicide as well as arbitrary dismissal from the workplace as a
clear indicator of the absence of rights of workers and employees to a dignified life
and their right to a decent standard of living.
A-1. Suicide:
During 2015 the Egyptian Coordination documented approximately 215 cases of
suicide, wherein 81% (174 cases) were males and 19% (41 cases) were females.
Those in the age group of 18 to 35 years constituted 52% (115 cases) of those who
committed suicide; those 36 to 60 years of age constituted 20% (42 cases) of suicide
cases; 18% (40 cases) of those who committed suicide were of an unknown age; 8%
(18 cases) of those who committed suicide were children under the age of 17; and
there were three cases of the elderly - those over 60 years old - committing suicide.
B- Arbitrary Dismissal:
a- We documented the arbitrary dismissal of approximately 5,000 employees of the
state administrative system from the end of 2013 until the end of 2015.
b- In 2015 we documented the arbitrary dismissal from the judiciary of fifty-one (51)
judges because of their political opinions.
c- In 2015 we documented the arbitrary dismissal of six-hundred and seventy-one
(671) journalists, writers and media workers.
d- In 2015 we documented the arbitrary dismissal of forty-six (46) university profes-
sors because of their political opinions.
e- In 2015 we documented the arbitrary dismissal of approximately two hundred (200)
teachers because of their political opinions.
Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms
We have documented forty-four (44) Palestinians held in detention in Egypt and four
(4) cases of enforced disappearances.
Part II: Economic and Social Rights
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Under the pretext of fighting terrorism, all of the civil and political rights of Egyptians have
been violated, their dignity has been violated, their bodies have been violated by torture and
rape, freedom has been violated by arbitrary arrest and forced disappearance, and even the
right to life has been violated as people are killed and blood has been shed.
After killing, statements of justification are issued. The government issues any of a wide va-
riety of justifications without any traces of evidence.
During 2015, Egyptian Coordination of Rights & Freedom has monitored more than three
hundred and thirty-five (335) cases of state-sponsored homicide. As far as those killed in the
name of law and order, seven (7) Egyptians were executed, twenty-seven (27) were killed by
torture, eighty-seven (87) were killed by medical negligence, fifty (50) were killed in demon-
strations, one hundred and forty-three (143) were killed by direct physical extermination
and twenty-one (21) were killed in other cases.
First Topic: Murder
Murder by the Judiciary
(Execution)
Chapter (1) Specific Violations
First Topic: Murder
a- On March 7th, 2015, a penalty of execution
wasappliedtoMahmoudHassanRamadanAb-
dul Nabi, an accountant, in spite of the obvious
legal defects marring the issued judgment, the
lack of clear evidence, the severe torture sus-
tained by Mr. Ramadan to confess, and media
disinformation and lies that contributed to the
judgment by defamation and transmitting part
of a video that is not considered as true evi-
dence, supposedly showing to the public that
the crime was committed. Audio recordings
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and video cassettes – items seized through
lawsuits – are not considered as complete
evidence. Instead, they are used to reach
the truth, if possible. The said audio record-
ings and video cassettes are vulnerable to
tampering, deletion, addition, backward,
forward, and all processes of montage. Thus,
it is established that such recordings are not
used as evidences in criminal lawsuits.
The follower of Mr. Ramadan’s lawsuit can
note how litigation procedures were unduly
conducted to issue judgment and approval
of execution, in addition to dismissing all the
challenges and appeals submitted regarding
the judgment.
b- On May 18th, 2015, judgment of execu-
tion was applied to six Egyptians in the law-
suit known in the media as Arab Sharkas
Lawsuit (Lawsuit No. 43 Criminal Military of
2014). The lawsuit is considered as sufficient
evidence that the Egyptian government has
paid no heed to international treaties and
covenants, of which it is a signatory, pro-
hibiting the trial of civilians before military
courts. The execution of the six Egyptians in
the Arab Sharkas Lawsuit amounts to mur-
der by the Egyptian judiciary.
The penalty of execution was actually applied
through the military lawsuit to six innocent
persons whose names and ages are as fol-
lows: Muhammad Ali Affifi and Muhammad
Bakri Haroun (31), Hani Mustafa Amen Amer
and Abdul Rahman Sayed Rezk (18), Khalid
Farag Muhammad Ali (28) and Islam Sayed
Ahmad (27).
As far as the fabrication of evidence to accusa-
tions, three of the accused persons in the lawsuit
were arrested three months before the incident
of Arab Sharkas and four of them were arrested
three days before the occurrence of the incident.
Muhammad Ali Affifi was arrested on Novem-
ber 19th, 2013; Muhammad Bakri Haroun was
arrested along with his wife and sons in Zag-
azig on November 28th, 2013; Hani Mustafa
Amen Amer was arrested on December 16th,
2013; Abdul Rahman Sayed Rezk, the second-
ary school student in the case, Farag Muham-
mad Ali, Islam Sayed Ahmad and Ahmad Abu
Serea were all arrested on March 16th, 2014,
and the eighth person accused, Hossam Hosni
Abdul Latif Saad, was arrested on March 17th,
2014, two days before the incident of in the vil-
lage of Arab Sharkas occurred on March 19th
All of the accused sustained enforced dis-
appearance for a period of time exceeding 3
months, during which period the relatives and
attorneys of the accused were not informed of
their location. The accused did not receive hu-
mane treatment and sustained torture, which
caused many of them to suffer from bone frac-
tures and injuries with the aim of forcing them
to admit the accusations directed thereto. The
accused in this lawsuit did not obtain approval
from the military courts to summon defense
witnesses. The only witness in this lawsuit was
an officer in the National Security Sector.
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TThe cruel and violent ordeal of state torture in Egypt begins as opponents of the state
are stolen from their homes, thrown into prisons and police jails, and submitted to a re-
gime of beating, kicking, slapping, and more severe forms of physical and sexual abuse.
Torture reaches the severity of state officials cutting the tongue or ears, which often re-
sults in death.
The Egyptian Coordination has monitored twenty-four (24) cases of torture which led to
death inside police stations and prisons in 2015.
1- Karim Hamdi
On 22 February 2015, National Securi-
ty forces arrested twenty-eight year old
Karim Hamdi, an attorney, from his home
In the Al Marg neighborhood of Cairo. Mr.
Karim was taken to Mataria Police Station
and summoned before the public prosecu-
tion.
Mr. Karim's family stated that Karim had
informed the public prosecutor during an
inquiry that he was subjected to severe
torture inside Mataria Police Station, but
the public prosecutor decided that Karim
was to return to the jail. It was the last
night he spent in the police station as he
died from torture. The victim's family con-
firmed that there were signs of torture on
his neck, an incision wound on his head, a
fractured nose, some of his hair was cut
and there were bruises covering his body
because of torture.
i. Forensic Examiner’s report:
The Forensic Medicine's report revealed
the incident of the death of the Attorney
Karim Hamdi after being tortured in Matar-
ia Police Station at the hand of two officers
of the National Security Sector. The said
report states that the victim was suffering
from bruises on the front of the neck, on
the left side of the chest, and around the
groin. There was an old wound in the right
buttock (5 cm) and injuries on the left side
of the nose and neck.
According to the foregoing report No. 449 of
2015 and having conducted visual examina-
tion and autopsy for the corpse of the vic-
tim, Karim Hamdi Muhammad, it becomes
clear that the injuries found on the corpse
are vital and new as the result of his body
being thrown up against a hard surface.
The report indicated that the victim's corpse
contains wounds on the middle of the neck
and on the upper part of chest, signs of
abrasion on the wrist of his right hand, a
wound on the side of the wrist of the left
hand, a wound in the middle of the back, a
wound on the inside of the left buttock, a
wound on the left leg at the middle of the
knee, redness around the pubic region, evi-
dence of the swelling of the penis and scro-
tum, traces of surgery, surgical stitches on
the right buttock, and old surgical stitches
on the left side of the lower abdomen.
The visual examination indicated that the
victim was in the third decade of life hav-
ing sharp eyesight and a slim body build,
Torture to Death
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in the stage of rigor mortis interfered with
the factors of keeping in the fridge, Putre-
faction is not apparent yet and hypostasis
with pale color as the corpse, except for the
focal positions.
Among the indications of torture that the
corpse bore as a result of recent wounds:
Excoriated reddish bruise 2 cm. by 1 cm.
in the middle of nose bone, reddish bruise
of 2 cm. by 1 cm. with no definite shape
found on the bottom left of the lower lip;
two reddish bruises 3 cm. by 7 cm. found
on the lower part of the right hand having
no definite shape; a reddish bruise with no
definite shape found on the middle of right
knee 2 cm. by 8 cm.; a reddish bruise with
no definite shape found on the upper part
of the right thigh extending to the bottom
right of the abdomen, to the line dividing
the abdomen, including the whole pubic
area with dimensions of 30 cm. by 50 cm.;
and reddish bruises with definite shape
spread over the middle, left and right side
of the chest, with the smallest of these
bruises 1 cm. by 2 cm. and the biggest of
these bruise 3 cm. by 5 cm. In dimension.
In addition, the corpse contains a reddish
bruise with definite shape found on the
middle of the neck opposite to thyroid
cartilage 4 cm. by 1 cm. and other reddish
bruises on both sides of the line dividing
the neck that each have the dimensions of
2 cm. by 1 cm. There is also severe swelling
with reddish bruise found on the middle
of the penis extending till the head of the
penis with dimensions of about 2 cm. by 7
cm., reddish bruises with severe swelling on
both sides of scrotum, along with apparent
and tangible swelling in the testicles. There
are reddish bruises with no definite shape
spread on the left upper arm and forearm,
the smallest bruise is 3 cm. by 1 cm. and
the largest bruise is 5 cm. by 7 cm. There
is an excoriated bruise covered by reddish
skin found on the middle of the left knee
10 cm. by 5 cm. and another similar bruise
found on the line dividing the back that is 3
cm. by 1 cm.
Upon inspection of the soft issues and
muscles of the face and neck, it has be-
come clear that there has been a significant
collapse of the soft issues and muscles of
both sides of the neck and soft tissues of
the face, in addition to fracture of the nasal
bone and the right hyoid bone surrounded
by bloody lacerations. The inspection indi-
cated also that other facial bones, cervical
vertebrae and laryngeal cartilages are free
of fractures and that the wall of esophagus
and trachea is intact and the cavity thereof
free of foreign objects.
Having inspected the soft issues and chest
muscles, it has become clear that there a
significant collapse of the muscles of the
right and left side of the chest along with
the visual bruises, in addition to the exis-
tence of fractures of the chest ribs on the
right side.
It is worth mentioning that the court has
sentenced these National Security officers
to five years.
The grounds of judgment must be noted as
they have special significance of how mat-
ters are managed in Egypt.
II.Grounds of Judgment:
sThe court has confirmed in the grounds of
its judgment that the facts of the lawsuit,
as per the submitted documents and conduct-
ed inquiries, can be summed up that the
victim, Karim Hamdi Muhammad Ibrahim,
the accused in felony No. 3763 of 2015,
was present in Mataria Police station at
dawn of February 23, 2015, and summoned
before the public prosecutor that morning
as per the investigations conducted by the
National Security Sector. After the victim
returned to Mataria Police station, the two
accused officers named Omar Mahmoud
Omar Hammad and Muhammad Al Anwar
Muhammaden Ahmad Muhammaden (of-
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ficers at the National Security Sector) had
interrogated the victim in one of investiga-
tion rooms while blindfolded, handcuffed
and alone. The above named officers beat
the victim with their hands and feet on dif-
ferent parts of his body intending to injure
him with the aim of forcing the victim to ad-
mit and reveal the names of other accused
persons. This assault claimed the life of the
victim due to the different traumatic and
critical injuries found on the chest, abdo-
men and neck, in addition to the fractures
of chest ribs, damage of lungs, bruising of
heart, kidney, and scrotum along with the
associated hemorrhage in the cavities of
the chest, abdomen and testicles which re-
sulted in the victim's exposure to shock as
indicated in the autopsy report.
The court has concluded that according to
the above facts and grounds, it becomes
clear that the accused officers have commit-
ted the accusation directed thereto as per
the witness testimonies delivered by: Abdul
Ghani Ibrahim Shaaban; First Lieutenant Ah-
mad Muhammad Mahmoud Wahba; police
delegate Sami Muhammad Ismail; Captain
Karim Salah al-Din Buheri; Captain Moham-
med Al Maadawy; Brigadier General Mah-
moud Ahmad Abdullah Rabie; Lieutenant
Colonel Wael Metwali; Captain Hamdi Al
Saed Othman; Policeman Muhammad Za-
ref Hassan; and Major Ahmad Yahia Mah-
moud. Additional evidence was obtained
through the inspection conducted by the
public prosecutor of Mataria Police Station;
the Forensic Medical report; the Chemical
Labs's report; the investigations conducted
by the Mataria prosecutor in lawsuit No.
3763/ 2015 Concerning the Public Prosecu-
tor's interrogation of the accused, and the
witness testimony provided by the forensic
physician Hazem Hossam.
Abdul Ghani Ibrahim Shaabi, who is under-
going preventive detention in lawsuit No.
3763 of 2015 Mataria Criminal Prosecutor,
was interrogated by the public prosecution
and testified that he and the victim were
summoned before the public prosecution
after being arrested. After returning to the
police station, Mr. Abdul Ghani and the
victim were interrogated separately while
blindfolded and handcuffed by the officers.
While the officers were interrogating the
victim, the witness heard the victim's voice
moaning and saying ”Ok, Ok, I will admit.”
In the meantime, Officer Ahmad Yahia was
asleep and denied interrogating both the
victim and witness as he knew his voice
very well stating that the interrogation is
conducted by another officer. The witness
added that that he was assaulted by the
two officers who beat him with their hands
and feet and that after the end of interroga-
tion, he was taken by Major Hussein Khayri
to reveal the names of other accused per-
sons and returned to the Police Station at
about 4:00 AM February 24. The witness
stated that he was put in the room of crimi-
nal registration, at the station's department
of investigation, where he found the victim
exhausted and lying on the floor saying, "I
feel cold." In the morning while they were
preparing to be summoned before the pub-
lic prosecutor, the victim's condition wors-
ened and he fell down. The policemen pres-
ent took the victim to the hospital, where
he died.
2- Imad Al Attar
Imad Imad Ahmed Mohammed Al Attar, 42 years old, was a worker from Shoubra El Khay-
ma. He was arrested on January 30, 2015, was referred to the public prosecutor that
remanded him into custody, and was imprisoned until he died on February 25 in the Police
Department, where he was the second victim of Al-Mataria Police Department after the
death of Karim Hamdi, the twenty-seven year-old lawyer, on the same day.
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i.Forensic Report:
The forensic report showed the death of the victim was caused by electric shocking
of the scrotum, testicles, penis and left foot.
Dr. Elham Awad, responsible for the post-
mortem examination of the victim’s body,
confirmed that the victim, Imad Ahmed Mo-
hammed Al-Attar, 42 years old, was brutally
tortured by electrocution in sensitive places
on the body. However, the forensic report
did not condemn the security officers for
killing the victim. Nevertheless, the report
pointed out that the victim was tortured by
electrocution for several weeks and on var-
ious occasions since his arrest on January
30 until the date of his death on February
25. The report confirms that the victim was
tortured to death by security officers in the
Police Department.
c. Dr. Tareq Khalil
Tareq Khalil was a leader in the Muslim
Brotherhood in Suez. He was tortured to
death by the Egyptian State Security In-
vestigations Service at the Investigative
Bureau in Lazoghli Square, Cairo, on
June 19, 2015, according to the testimo-
ny of Islam Khalil, who was with him at
the same location. His family knows that
his body was found in the morgue at Ze-
inhom by way of an undisclosed person.
Dr. Tareq Khalil, a businessman with
several charitable activities, was killed
after torture by security forces after his
enforced disappearance three weeks pri-
or. He was subjected to enforced disap-
pearance when he was arrested while he
was transferring Dr. Mohammed Saad
Aliwa, a member of the guidance office
of the Muslim Brotherhood, to a hospital
in Cairo to help him.
d.Mustafa Ibrahim
According to the head of the Forensic
Medical Authority, Mustafa Ibrahim was
the third person who died in the Al-Ma-
taria Police Department during the same
week in which Karim Hamdi and Imad
Al-Attar died. Mustafa Mahmoud, 21
years old, was a student in the faculty of
Information Systems. He died on Febru-
ary 22, 2015. He was detained in a painful
position for eight hours, "hanging from
his shoulder," before being taken to the
hospital, where he died.
During November of 2015, the Egyptian
Coordination observed over the course of
less than a week four instances of exces-
sive violence by police against citizens in
the governorates of Luxor, Qaliubiya, Is-
mailia and October. These excesses were
representative of torture and humiliation,
and resulted in the death of three people.
e.Amr Said Abu Shanab
The family of Amr Said Abu Shanab ac-
cused the officers of Shebin Al-Qanatir
Police Department of torturing their son
to death. They based their accusations
on evidence of torture on the body of the
victim. The Ministry of Interior opened
an investigation into the incident. Family
members' statements were taken as well
as the accused, who included the assis-
tant detective in the Police Department.
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A lawyer representing Amr Abu Shanab’s
family accused the officers of beating his
client with hoses and the butt of a rifle
during an interrogation regarding a case
of theft. Police officers fabricated a drug
case against the victim, and beat him se-
verely, resulting in the victim suffering se-
vere hemorrhage while in custody more
than once. Amr Abu Shanab continued
to ask for help but no one responded,
resulting in his death while in custody
after continued torture.
f-Dr. Afifi Hosni
In Ismailia, an officer of Ismailia First Po-
lice Department, stormed the pharmacy of
Mohammed Ibrahim and hit Dr. Afifi Hos-
ni, a veterinarian who was working as an
insured pharmacy assistant. Dr. Afifi Hosni
entered the pharmacy of Reem Ahmed,
Mohammed Ibrahim’s wife, and was fol-
lowed by the officer. The police officer then
took him to the Police Department and at-
tacked him again, resulting in his death.
g-Talaat Shabib
Talaat Shabib, 47 years old, died in Luxor
Police Department. Officers of the Luxor
Police Department arrested the victim
while he was in a café at Al- Awwamiyya,
and took him to the Police Department.
After an hour, his family was surprised by
the news of Talaat Shabib’s dead body to
Luxor International Hospital. There were
effects of torture on his body according
to a report issued by the hospital.
3-The Cold-blooded Murder of Medical Neglect in Prison
mad In Egypt, there are thousands of prisoners suffering from pain and disease amid deliberate
life-threatening medical neglect because of the abstention of the security sector to allow med-
icine and treatment for imprisoned patients. Patients are also not referred to specialist doctors
for medical examination, diagnosis, and treatment as we reported previously.
Deliberate medical neglect resulted in homicide of more than eighty-six (86) prisoners during
the past two years according to what has been monitored.
This is the tip of the iceberg of violations against political detainees and criminal prisoners in all
Egyptian prisons without exception, and especially Al-Aqrab, Wadi Natrun, Tora and Burj Al-Ar-
ab prisons. This is in addition to the central security camps which have become prisons without
any formal declaration. Police Departments too have become sites of mass incarceration in the
Arab Republic of Egypt.
In the context of these cases, we observed that the prison service under the authority of the
Ministry of Interior prevented medicines, treatment, and any form of health care for detainees
until they die. A former officer of Al-Aqrab prison, as one example, has stated exactly such, that
Al-Aqrab prison is "made to kill prisoners."
a.Examples of Medical Neglect
i. Khaled Mohammed Said
Khaled Mohammed Said, 48 years old,
died on 3/22/2015 while detained in pub-
lic prison of Beni Suef because of medical
neglect. He was suffering from cardiohep-
atomegaly stomach ulcer, and prison au-
thorities refused to allow for treatment or
transfer him to a hospital, resulting in his
death.
ii. Abdel Muti Ali Khalil
Abdel Muti Ali Khalil, 54 years old, died on 4/21/2015 inside Algharbiniat prison at
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Borg El Arab. He was suffering from diabe-
tes, high blood pressure and hepatitis C.
The treatment was prevented, resulting in
his death.
iii-Farid Ismail Abdel Halim
Farid Ismail Abdel Halim, 58 years old, was
a pharmacist and a member of the former
parliament. He died on 5/132015 inside
Manial University Hospital (Qasr Al-Aini).
He was detained at Tora maximum-security
prison (Al-Aqrab- “The Scorpion”). He died
due to medical neglect, where treatment
was prevented for a year and a half. He was
suffering from liver disease and diabetes.
He suffered a complete coma because of
a clot in the brain and the disruption of
the functions of his liver, two weeks before
his death. The prison authority refused his
treatment, resulting in his death.
iv- Essam Derbala
Essam Derbala, the head of the Shura Council of
the Islamic Community (Aljama'a al Islamia), 58
years old, died 8/9/2015 while being transferred
from his cell in Aqrab prison to the hospi-
tal. According to a statement released by
the Ministry of Interior, Derbala was
suffering from a high temperature, low
blood pressure, and a high blood sugar.
While being transferred to the hospital
for medical care, he bled from his nose
and suffered circulatory and respiratory
collapse, resulting in his death.
v-Ahmed Mohamed Abdulhameed Ablulnaga
Ahmed Mohamed Abdulhameed Ablulna-
ga, who was serving a four year sentence
in Wadi Alnatrun prison, was reportedly
suffering from liver disease. After re-
peatedly asking for help, he was trans-
ferred to the Liver Medical Institute, and
while returning back to the prison, he
passed away.
vi-Essam Samir
Essam Samir, who was from "Tant Aljazeera"
village in Toukh- Qaliobya governorate, died
due to the medical negligence he faced in-
side the prison, as well as the torture he suf-
fered at the hands of the security forces. He
was detained, though he had recently had a
splenectomy surgery. He also suffered from
cirrhosis of the liver as well as heart dis-
ease. He was charged of possessing explo-
sive materials, though these materials were
"nitrate and urea," which are used as com-
mon fertilizers. According to eyewitnesses,
Essam Samir had received these fertilizers
from the agricultural association in Toukh.
His lawyer said that he was attending the
trial sessions by being carried by his fellow
detainees, due to his health condition. The
courts refused to acknowledge his medical
reports until he passed away.
vii-Mohamed Alfilahdji
Mohamed Alfilahdji, 58 years old, was arrest-
ed in August 26, 2013, from his workplace
in Damietta educational directorate. He was
transferred to Tanta hospital. Tests showed
that he suffered from stones in his left kid-
ney and inflammation of the gall bladder. He
passed away the morning of 5/25/2015 due
to lack of necessary medical care and the in-
transigence of the prison administration to
allow the entry of medicine.
It was also noted that Aqrab prison is on the
top of detention facilities where deaths oc-
curred, then the New Vally prison, Burj Al
Arab, Gamasa prisons. According to reports,
there were 28 deaths in Al Aqrab, 23 deaths
in Toura, 12 in Mansoura public prison, 11 in
Meet Slel, 6 in Burj Al Arab, 10 in the New
Vally, 5 in Gamasa, 4 in Menia, and 4 in Abu
Zaabal. (77 medical negligence + 20 tor-
ture).
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4-Murdering demonstrators
The Egyptian Coordination documented the murder of more than fifty (50) demonstra-
tors during 2015. Twenty (20) people were killed, including a policeman, and dozens
were wounded when Egyptian troops were intercepting demonstrations in Cairo, Behi-
ra and Alexandria governorates. These twenty were killed in demonstrations in several
Egyptian governorates commemorating the fourth anniversary of the January 25th rev-
olution. The activist Shimaa Al Sabagh was one of them. Six Egyptians were also killed
after Eid Al Fitr prayer. The commemoration of the fourth anniversary of the January
25th revolution in Mataria province in Cairo witnessed violent clashes between demon-
strators and security forces that led to the security forces assaulting the demonstrators.
As a result, twelve (12) were killed, including a child, as well as dozens of injured. Inves-
tigations and forensic reports revealed that they died as a result of a gunshots in the
face, chest, head and abdomen; according to human rights specialists, this constitutes
premeditated murder. Many others were killed in separate events.
a-Shimaa Al Sabagh and Sondus Abu Bakr: Two Victims of the Same Assassin
The killings of demonstrators began with
Sondus Abu Bakr, a 17 year-old girl at the
time. She died out of a gunshot to the
head and neck by security forces during
the dispersal of demonstrations denounc-
ing the regime in 1/23/2015 in Alexandria.
A media blackout followed Sondus’ execu-
tion, as is usual when protesters are killed.
The next day, 1/24/2015, during the cel-
ebration of the fourth anniversary of the
January 25th revolution, Shimaa Al Sa-
bagh, a member of the Socialist Party,
faced the same fate. She was shot from
close-range by cartridges causing her
death, in a scene that was filmed. Her pic-
ture while bleeding raised a controversy
and dissent. The Ministry of Interior de-
nied at first that the assassin was one of
its members, and accused Zuhdy Alshamy,
the deputy chairman of the Socialist Party.
But the forensic report later proved that
the murder occurred as a result of the
cartridge gunshot by special police forces.
Yassin Mohamed Hatem, the accused po-
lice officer, was sentenced to 15 years in
prison.
b-Hussam Alaqabawy
AHassam was a first year student in the fac-
ulty of law at Cairo University, 19 years old.
He was dressed in a white robe, leaving his
house to perform Eid Al Fitr prayer in Na-
hia village at "Eissa shehata" mosque in the
village that's in Kerdasa territory. After the
prayer he had a selfie picture with his friends
before participating in the demonstrations.
He died due to cartridge gunshots in his neck
after the security forces attacked the demon-
strations.
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5- Physical Liquidation
Since the beginning of 2015, the Egyptian
security authorities began to pursue a se-
rious approach violating all constitutions
and charters of human rights as the ruling
regime in Egypt resorted to field physical
liquidation against its opponents in a new
way that is similar to the ways followed by
criminal gangs. What is worse is that the
state official authorities did not hesitate
to use the expression of "liquidation" as
ninety-eight (98) cases of physical liquida-
tion were documented, whether by open-
ing live fire upon arrest or throwing oppo-
nents from the balconies of their houses.
a-Examples of Liquidation
i-The first cases of liquidation occurred on
the fourth anniversary of the January 25
Revolution while arresting Maqtal Omar
Shaalan and Raed Saad in Buhaira Gov-
ernorate, and Hamdi Al Hendi in Hamdi
Damietta Governorate declaring that the
above named persons were involved in
terrorist attacks. The same thing repeated
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on the next day, January 26, as Bilal Osa-
ma Al Arabi was murdered in Port Said.
ii-In March, Sayed Shaarawy was killed in
Nahia. Ahmad Gabr was killed in Alexan-
dria, and Sohayb Abdul Karim and Jihad
Abu Alroos were killed in Al Sharqiya Gov-
ernorate. In addition, Hosam Badr Mar-
zouk, Mohsen Muhammad Attia, Hanfi
Abdul Azim, and Reda Abdul Salam Mu-
hammad were killed in Beni Suef Gover-
norate on April 28. Islam Attila and two
others were killed in Helwan in May.
iii- On June 30, Muhammad Sami, Kha-
lid Mahmoud, and Muhammad Al Sebae
were killed by bombing one of their cars
after they were arrested in a demonstra-
tion in October 6 City.
iv-In July, 2015, another incident oc-
curred in an apartment in October 6 City.
The police killed nine leaders of the Mus-
lim Brotherhood, who were members of
the committee dedicated to providing
relief to families of the ill, incarcerated,
and deceased, according to their families.
The Ministry of Interior stated that they
opened fired on its forces, but the Muslim
Brotherhood confirmed that they were
unarmed and that they were killed in cold
blood after they were taken into custody
and fingerprinted.
The above accident occurred on Wednes-
day, July 1, 2015, in an apartment in Oc-
tober 6 City. The leaders of the Muslim
Brotherhood had met to discuss their
charity work.
The committee's members were unarmed
and traces of ink were found on their fin-
gers after they were killed, which means
that they were put in custody and their
fingerprints were taken by security forces
before their liquidation.
The nine members were killed in cold
blood in the apartment without facing
any accusations or putting them before
trial. The authorities planted machine
guns beside the members' corpses to in-
dicate that they were killed after attacking
security forces with automatic weapons.
The nine victims were: Jamal Khalifa, an
official of the Muslim Brotherhood's ad-
ministrative office in Menoufia Governor-
ate; Abdul Fatah Muhammad Ibrahim,
an official of the committee to support
the families of the martyrs and injured;
Nasser Al Hafi, a previous member of the
Egyptian parliament; Taher Ahmad Ismail,
an official of the Legal Committee and an
official of the Muslim Brotherhood's of-
fice in Qalubia Governorate; Hesham Zaki
Khafagi, Osama Ahmad Al Husseini, Hes-
ham Wadh, Moatasem Ahmad Al Egeezi,
Khalid Mahmoud, Muhammad Al Sebae,
Muhammad Sami and Gomaa Abu Al Azm.
v- On July 5, Muhammad Abdul Aati Al
Feky, of Meleg Village in Menoufia Gover-
norate, was killed at the hands of security
forces during arrest.
vi- On August 6, Nagdi Basiouni of Ayat
City, Giza Governorate, was killed at the
hand of security forces as they broke into
his home at dawn and killed him without
resistance.
vii- In Fayoum Governorate, the security
forces killed five political opponents. The
Ministry of Interior claimed that the vic-
tims were accused of killing a child named
Jessy, the daughter of Major Sheref Sami,
an officer in the Deportation Department
of the Fayoum prosecutor’s office. The vic-
tims were: Rabie Morad, a teacher; Abdul
Nasser Elwani, an accountant; Abdul Aziz
Heba, a teacher; Abdul Salam Hateta, a
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teacher; and Ayman Salah, a teacher. The
victims were all friends from Fayoum.
When they were meeting in a home, the
security forces broke into the house and
killed them.
viii- Security forces have also killed nine (9)
people in a security crackdown in Oseem
City, Giza Governorate, without declaring
their names. The Giza Security Director-
ate claimed that the victims were found
on cultivated land planning to attack the
army and Giza Police, and that both par-
ties opened fire on each other.
ix-Four young men were killed in an apart-
ment located in Agmi City on Wednesday,
September 30. A statement released by
the Ministry of Interior indicated that the
four men were members of the Muslim
Brotherhood, and they were involved in
the murder of the Rabie Muhammad As-
four, a policeman. The persons accused of
killing the above-named policeman were
currently detained after they were arrest-
ed several months previous.
Eyewitnesses stated that the four victims
were from Al Dalangat City, Buhaira Gov-
ernorate. While they were in an apart-
ment in Al Ajmi City, the security forces
organized a security cordon around the
building. The security forces then broke
into the apartment, and the sound of fir-
ing live ammunition was heard an hour
and a half after the break-in. The security
forces then took the victims' corpses with
them.
x-The Murder of Mexican Tourists
In September of 2015, the Mexican Ministry of Foreign Affairs declared that two
Mexicans were killed while six more were injured during a trip to Egypt. The in-
jured, following a meeting with Jorge Alvarez Fuentes, the head of the Mexican
mission to Egypt, said that they had stopped for a meal in Bahariya Oasis when they
were targeted and then attacked by airplanes and helicopters.
The Egyptian Ministry of Interior declared
that twelve persons were killed and ten
were injured “by mistake,” among whom
were Mexican tourists, in the Western
Desert. The Mexican president, Enrique
Peña Nieto, condemned the incident de-
manding a thorough investigation be con-
ducted by Egyptian authorities.
A statement by the Ministry of Interior
said, “A joint police and army force were
chasing terrorist elements in the West-
ern Desert area of Al-Wahat and they
engaged by mistake with four four-wheel
drives belonging to Mexican tourists who
were present in a restricted area.”
The statement added that “the incident re-
sulted in the death of twelve people and the
injury of ten Mexican and Egyptian citizens.
The injured were moved to hospitals for
treatment. A team was put together to inves-
tigate the reasons and circumstances of the
incident, and justifications for the Mexican
convoy’s presence in the restricted area.”
As usual, no actual investigations were con-
ducted, no transparent statements were de-
livered, and no deterring sanctions were im-
posed.
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The Sectarian Killing of Twenty-one People
In February of 2015, ISIS broadcast a vid-
eo showing the slaughter of Christian
Egyptians. The video showed ISIS person-
nel treating the prisoners in a humiliating
way as they dragged them one by one.The
video showed seawater dyed blood red in
propaganda that is not unexpected from
the organization.
On that day, the National Council for
Security held a meeting to discuss the
execution of the hostages. The meet-
ing decided to stay held to keep up
with developments, and then issued a
eulogy for the executed hostages. Offi-
cial mourning was declared for seven
days and then there was nothing fur-
ther.
6-The Sectarian Killing of Twenty-one People
In February of 2015, ISIS broadcast a vid-
eo showing the slaughter of Christian
Egyptians. The video showed ISIS person-
nel treating the prisoners in a humiliating
way as they dragged them one by one.The
video showed seawater dyed blood red in
propaganda that is not unexpected from
the organization.
On that day, the National Council for Se-
curity held a meeting to discuss the ex-
ecution of the hostages. The meeting
decided to stay held to keep up with de-
velopments, and then issued a eulogy for
the executed hostages. Official mourning
was declared for seven days and then
there was nothing further.
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Alexandria, Maghagha or Alawar villages, are as follows
The families of the victims blamed the Egyptian authorities for not
acting properly to recover their imprisoned relatives.
According to a statement by St. Paul Halim, the Spokesman for the Cop-
tic Orthodox Church, the names of the victims are:
Majed Suleiman Shehata
Twadharos Joseph Twadharos
Joseph Shoukry Younan
Mina Fayez Aziz
Hani Abdel Massieh Saleeb
Melad McCain Zaki
Stephen Bishoy Kamel
Cyril Bushra Fawzy
Samuel Stephen Kamel
Abanoub Ayad Attia
Malak Ibrahim Senyot
George Melad Senyot
Samuel Alham walsn
Sobi village, Samalout:
Malak Farah Ibrahim
Jabali village, Matai:
Luke Nagat Al Amir
Essam Badar
Semsmom village, Matai:
Samir Gerges
Menkerios village, Matai:
Sameh Salah Shaukat
Dysh village, Samalout:
Ezzat Bushra Nassif
Menbal village Matai:
Mir Jaber
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Harvest 2015
The Egyptian Coordination has determined that the phenomenon of the enforced dis-
appearances in Egypt is not a transient phenomenon, but it is a methodology adhered
to by the security authorities. The Egyptian security authorities conduct enforced dis-
appearances in order to put pressure on political opponents in some cases and also to
hide the fact that torture has become common and routine, in many cases resulting
in homicide.
The Egyptian Coordination of Rights and Freedoms expresses serious concerns re-
garding the tragic deterioration of human rights in Egyptian. It is a cruel, unjust, and
inexcusable condition in Egypt where hundreds of people are subjected to enforced
disappearance every month in every governorate of the Republic, without exception,
and without the knowledge of their fate. Enforced disappearance is classified under
international law as a crime against humanity
The Egyptian Regime’s Crime Against Humanity
Second Topic
1-Statistics on Enforced Disappearance
1-The Egyptian Coordination documented
the enforced disappearance of one thou-
sand eight hundred and forty (1,840) Egyp-
tian citizens from January of 2015 through
the end of December at a growing rate
through the year. Of all of the people who
were subjected to enforced disappear-
ance, one thousand two hundred and thir-
ty-eight (1,238) cases were resolved- these
individuals were found. These people were
missing between forty-eight hours and
one-hundred and fifty days. There are still
three hundred and sixty-six (366) missing
persons who certainly have not faced pros-
ecution; and two-hundred and thirty-six
cases (236) missing persons who may have
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faced prosecution, or they may still be
missing.
In January of 2015 forty-four (44) Egyptian
citizens were subjected to enforced disap-
pearance. The number increased to nine-
ty-one (91) in February. In March, the Co-
ordination documented one-hundred and
sixty (160) cases of enforced disappear-
ance, and in April the Coordination doc-
umented two-hundred and twenty-eight
(228). The rates of enforced disappear-
ances continued to grow at an alarming
rate, as three-hundred and ninety-three
(393) people were subjected to enforced
disappearance in May. In June, there were
two-hundred and seventy-eight (278) peo-
ple disappeared.
In July of 2015 the Coordination document-
ed one-hundred and three (103) cases of
enforced disappearance. In August, the Co-
ordination documented one-hundred and
three (103) cases, and in September the
Coordination monitored eighty (80) cases
of enforced disappearance. The Coordina-
tion documented ninety-two (92) cases in
October, one-hundred and eighteen (118)
cases in November, and one-hundred and
fifty (150) cases in December.
month 11 Cases of enforced disappearances during the
Governorate Cases of enforced disappearances
month 11 during the
Al-Gharbia 430
Cairo 265
Al-Behira 98
Giza 204
Al-Sharqia 104
Kafr el-Sheikh 80
Alexandria 120
Bani Sweif 70
Al-Dakahlia 84
Port Said 42
Al-Qaliobia 57
Al-Menoufia 44
Damietta 39
Al-Fayoum 47
Sohag 20
Assuit 26
Suez 21
Qena 17
Al-Menia 19
North of Sinai 1
Aswan 11
Ismalia 6
Luxor 9
South of Sinai 1
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Harvest 2015
2- Violations Related to Enforced Disappearance
Enforced disappearance is a violation
in itself of an individual’s right to lib-
erty and due process. It is also a crime
against humanity, and such a heinous
crime that there is no statute of lim-
itations for the prosecution of perpe-
trators of enforced disappearance. Ac-
cording to testimonies provided to the
Coordination from the witnesses of dis-
appeared persons and their families, it
enforced disappearance is usually asso-
ciated with two other crimes:
a-Secret Detention Centers and Prisons
The secret detention centers of Egypt
are places that have not been estab-
lished in public and officially, and are
not subject to the supervision of judicial
bodies as stipulated in the law and the
Constitution. One example of the se-
cret detention centers are the military
prisons which are considered as subsid-
iaries of the armed forces, such as the
infamous Al Galaa camp at Al Azouly
prison, which in December of 2015 re-
leased about one hundred citizens who
had been enforced disappeared inside it
over the past two and a half years. These
people were mostly from the governor-
ates of Sinai.
b-Torture
Torture is the most heinous crime related
to enforced disappearance. Security forces
interrogate suspects regarding crimes they
did not commit in order to force confes-
sions. Torture as a means of interrogation
and forced confessions violate all articles
of the law, and all charters and covenants
of human rights.
The Coordination has obtained witness
testimony of the families of the detainees
who were imprisoned in Al Azouly pris-
on. The people detained were victims of
enforced disappearance, and when they
were later released, they narrated what
happened. The Coordination stresses the
difficulty in mentioning the names of the
victims of enforced disappearance and tor-
ture due to security concerns.
A relative of one of the detainees said that
when her relative was taken to Al Azouly
prison, he felt taken from humanity. His
clothes were stripped off, and he was
dumped into water and electrocuted all
over his body. He was exposed to electro-
cution for many consecutive days. He was
also beaten until he suffered hemiplegia as
a result of the beating and electrocution.
The security forces continued to torture
him even after he had suffered paralysis.
TheprisonersinAlAzoulycouldonlydream
of bathing, or changing their clothes.
The wife of another detainee said: "When
my husband was detained at Al Azouly
prison, we did not know anything about
him and we could not see him or visit
him there, not once. He was completely
stripped of his clothes and he was electro-
cuted, beaten, insulted, and humiliated.
He was strung up and hanged from one
of his arms or one of his feet for days. An-
other means of torture was the prevention
of sleep for several days. He suffered from
scabies and many other diseases while in
Al Azouly prison.
“We were also refused permission to give
my husband food. My husband was so
weak there, he was unable to stand on his
own two feet. There is no ventilation in the
prison, and the detainees can’t even see
the sun. They disregard all life and human-
ity inside of Al Azouly prison.”
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Witness Testimony of Families: Those Remaining Missing
a-Mohammed Khader
The Egyptian Coordination gathered
the witness testimony of the mother
of Mohammed Khader, a victim of en-
forced disappearance. She said, “My
son, Mohammed, is a student in his fi-
nal year in the faculty of engineering
at the University of Menoufia. He was
enforced disappeared on the day of the
dispersal of the sit-in in Rabaa Square,
August 14, 2013. We searched for him
there and in al Eman mosque, but we
could not find him. The last time we
communicated with him was on August
14th at 7 AM. He told his father that the
Egyptian Armed Forces fired on dem-
onstrators with live ammunition, and
they had nothing to protect themselves.
Mohammed’s phone was turned off,
but then it was turned on daily at eight
o’clock. The individual who answered
the phone said that he found the SIM
card in Rabaa Square, and then he hung
up. We could not find his body among
the [hundreds of] corpses and we did
not find him at any of the hospitals,
police stations, or prisons. We went to
[Cairo’s central] Zeinhom morgue and
conducted a DNA test. The result was
negative for all the corpses there. We
submitted a report to the Attorney Gen-
eral and we wrote a record of his disap-
pearance, but the security forces said
that they did not have any information
about him. Some of his friends told us
that they saw him get hit with a bullet
in Rabaa Square, and then the security
forces threw a lot of tear gas, and they
could not find his body after that. Up
until now we do not have any informa-
tion about the location of our son, and
we do not know anything about him.
It’s been two and a half years, and we
do not know whether our son is alive or
dead.
b -Mohammed Al Bady Ramadan, Walid Al Bady, and Ali Hassab Allah Ahmed
Mohammed Al Bady Ramadan is a thir-
ty-eight year old, married with five chil-
dren. He does not have any political af-
filiation. He remains missing.
Walid Al Bady is thirty-two years old.
He is married and has two children. He
remains missing since July 15, 2015.
Ali Hassab Allah Ahmed is twenty-eight
years old. He remains missing since July
15, 2015.
The brother of Mohammed Al Bady,
Walid Al Bady, and Ali Hassab Allah
Ahmed told the Egyptian Coordination,
“the three were detained by individuals
wearing civilian clothes. The individuals
came in a white microbus with an inves-
tigation officer to arrest them, and since
then we do not know anything about
them. We submitted reports to the At-
torney General and to the Office of the
Presidency, but we did not receive any
response.”
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a-Anas Magdy Azzam and Azzam Magdy Azzam
Anas Magdy Azzam is a graduate of
the physical education faculty at Banha.
Azzam Magdy Azzam is a civil engineer
who graduated from the Higher Insti-
tute of Technology in Kafr al Sheikh.
The father of Anas and Azzam Magdy
Azzam said: “False charges were issued
against my two sons such as making
molotov cocktails and planting bombs.
ThesecurityforcesfromShebinelKoam
came and inspected our home. They did
not find anything like kind of weapons.
They just took our laptop computers
and five telephones. Then they detained
my sons for forty-five days, and then re-
leased them on bail. Fifteen days after
their release, my sons went to the re-
sort where they were detained from the
apartment in Alexandria on Septem-
ber 13, 2015. I was also detained on the
same day at one o’clock in the morning.
I was then released two days later and I
returned home, but my two sons were
still detained. They were presented to
the prosecutor of Shebin on November
11, 2015, fifty-four days after their en-
forced disappearance. They were nev-
er before any investigation authority.
We sent a memoranda to the Attorney
General in Alexandria and Al Menou-
fia, and we sent a telegraph to the State
Attorney General and to the Minister of
Interior. There was no serious response
and there were no legal procedures for
the detention of my sons.
“We were surprised by the memoran-
dum of the Ministry of Interior regard-
ing their detention, which states that
they were detained one day before the
real date of their detention, 11/6/2015.
“My sons were presented to the prose-
cution in their summer clothes, which
they had been wearing since they were
detained in September. So they were
not able to take a shower and put on a
fresh set of clothes for two months, into
November, the coldest month in Egypt.
“We tried to ascertain the details of
what happened over those two months.
We know that they were taken from
Alexandria to the Investigative Bureau
in Lazoghli Square, Cairo. They were
blindfolded there for fifty-two days with
a large group of young people. They did
not have enough food. They only had
one small meal, which is not enough for
a young child to make him survive. My
sons lost about three-quarters of their
weight at the Investigative Bureau in
Lazoghli Square.
“[My sons] were exposed to various
types of torture: electrocution, beat-
ings, humiliation, and insults. They
were then deported to Shibin, and they
were accused of the following charges:
- Joining the Muslim Brotherhood
group
- Spreading the thoughts of the group, fi-
nancing the group, and managing web-
sites that belong to the group. There is
c- Sami Mohammed Abbas al Hiti
The wife of Samir Mohammed Abbas al
Hiti provided witness testimony to the
Egyptian Coordination. Samir al Hiti is
a married forty-three year old from Al
Gharbia. She said that he has been missing
since January 9, 2015. She said, “We have
four children, and the fourth child has nev-
er seen her father. He was taken from the
street after a funeral in the village. Since
then, we don’t know anything about him.”
4- Witness Testimony: Those Who Have Been Found
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no evidence against them. The prosecu-
tion refused to give a copy of the investi-
gations to the lawyer or to the family of
the detainee. My sons were threatened
and forced to confess."
b- Mohammed Abdel Azim
Mohammed Abdel Azim is 25 years old.
His mother told us that, "he was de-
tained and disappeared on September 6,
2015, and was imprisoned in the Investi-
gative Bureau in Lazoghli Square, Cairo,
for sixty-four days. Then he was deport-
ed to the National Security building of
Shebin el-Kom in Tanta.
There he was presented to the prosecu-
tion, and it renewed his detention for
another fifteen days. Mohammed was
detained a state security building in
Nasr City and routinely taken to the In-
vestigative Bureau in Lazoghli Square.
He was blindfolded and electrocuted for
three days in order to force a confession
from him to a crime he did not commit.
Mohammed has no political affiliation.
He was accused of attempting to over-
throw the government, and belonging to
a terrorist group. A telegram was sent to
the Attorney General regarding his dis-
appearance, but the police forces at the
police station of Al-Tahrir refused to
write a record of his disappearance.
“When he was deported to Shebin el-
Kom after sixty-four days, he said that
he was detained before he was presented
to the prosecution by only one day. This
is a lie."
2- Detained Indefinitely: Cases When the State Has Neither Prosecuted Nor
Sentenced the Detained
a-On October 14, 2015, the Egyptian
newspaper “Al Shrouk,” quoting from
the Middle East News Agency, published
statements of the Assistant General of the
Ministry of Interior denying the occur-
rence of any enforced disappearances. A
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number of human rights authorities and
lawyers responded in a joint statement,
confirming that they had filed official
reports on behalf of the disappeared to
the judiciary and the public prosecutor.
There are detailed lists of these reports.
Because the judiciary and the public
prosecutor refused to investigate these
reports, those human rights authorities
and lawyers sued them in the Court of
Higher Appeals in Cairo, demanding
their resignation for not doing the re-
quired investigations of the complaints
which were submitted by the families
regarding the enforced disappearance of
their children. , and between these cases,
the case of adversarial, which registered
with theno. 16, 17, 18 and 19 for the year
232 judiciallyin addition to another ap-
peal which still perspective in front of the
Court of Cassation.
We, as the consortium of human rights
advocates in Egypt, also resorted to the
Administrative Court to prove the fact
of enforced disappearances, which the
College of Commissioners issued many
reports about it to emphasize the respon-
sibility of the state to disclose the fate of
these people and these cases which is-
sued the reports are the cases with the
no. 24 468 for the year 69 judicial-
lyand with the no. 24 465 for the year 6 9
judiciallyand with the no. 24 469 for the
year 69 judicially.
The case of the enforced disappearanc-
es in Egypt is still an open wound, and
an open case that will not be closed until
the Egyptian State reveals the fate of the
victims of the enforced disappearance to
their families, and to the Egyptian public.
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Third Topic
The Human Rights Committee of the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner
has consistently worked to prevent the crime of torture through international conven-
tions. Whereas the Egyptian State is a signatory of the Convention Against Torture,
adopted by the United Nations in 1984, the Egyptian authorities are committed under
international law to upholding the content of the convention. The Egyptian Coalition
has documented the routine, daily violation of the Convention Against Torture by the
Egyptian State authorities.
The Egyptian Coordination has monitored the growing rates of torture within the pris-
ons and police departments of Egypt over the past year. There is not a single detainee
who, because he or she expressed his opinion, demonstrated, or even raised suspi-
cion, has not been subjected to systematic torture in one way or another. What is
worse than this, it was not only the detained who were subjected to torture, but we
have documented instances in which their relatives were subjected to torture as well.
Authorities torture family members to exert psychological pressure on detainees, or
to force their families to divulge information or data about their relatives with no legal
justification.
This report highlights cases of systemic torture by police and army officers against cit-
izens at police stations, prisons, campsites, and all police facilities. In 2015, the Egyp-
tian Coordination documented a total of eight-hundred and seventy-six (876) cases of
torture; the Coordination verified more than three-hundred and fifty-nine (359) of
these cases through evidence and testimony provided by victims and their families.
A Crime With No Statute of Limitation
Torture
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Our documentation proves that the security authorities of Egypt regime of torture
affects people of all walks of life in Egypt, and is not limited to any particular political
affiliIation or organization. The security authorities have even tortured women and
children inside Egyptian detention centers.
The occupations of some of the victims of torture in Egypt in 2015 are as follows:
Managing Director: 1 cases
University professors: 3 cases
Lawyers: 3 cases
Engineers: 8 cases
Professionals: 8 cases
Journalists: 5 cases
Doctors: 5 cases
Teachers: 6 cases
Pharmacists: 2 cases
Accountants: 5 cases
Laborers: 8 cases
Entrepreneurs: 46 cases
Trade workers: 2 cases
University graduates: 8 cases
Instances of torture in Egypt in 2015 are distributed as
Governorate Cases of Torture
Al Dakhalia 54 cases
Aswan 45 cases
Sharkia 41 cases
Cairo 35 cases
Giza 45 cases
Alexandria 25 cases
Damietta 19 cases
Port Said 17 cases
Qalubia 14 cases
Gharbia 10 cases
Fayoum 10 cases
Minya 10 cases
Buhaira 7 cases
Qena 4 cases
Assiut 3 cases
Bani Suef 2 cases
Suez 2 cases
Other governorates 18 cases
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Girls: 23 cases
Children: 17 cases
University students: 88 cases
Detainees are torture at one of three stages:
The First Stage:
During the arrest of the detainee, wheth-
er in the street or at home, the victim was
beaten by the handle or the butt of a rifle,
insulted, cursed, and mistreated. Every-
one who was arrested in Egypt was sub-
jected to this cruel and violent form of
torture, and so, in 2015, 23,750 detainees
were tortured in this way.
Two cases were documented in which the
police officers threw the suspect from the
balcony of his house to the ground, re-
sulting in broken bones all over his body.
The Second Stage:
When the police suspect was taken to the police station or a security agency, the
police tortured them in the worst ways:
1-Beating him on different parts of his body:
The policemen and the officers assault
the detainee by punching him or by using
some means to hurt him such as sticks
and pieces of iron. There were one hun-
dred (100) documented detainees sub-
jected to this.
2-Electrocution:
The detainee is shocked by electricity in
different places of his body and his pri-
vate parts in particular, to force him to
confess things he did not commit. There
are sixty-three (63) documented cases of
detainees were subjected to this.
3-Hanging by the limbs:
the detainee is hung from his arm or his
feet, leaving him in this position from
twelve hours to many days. This torture
results in shoulder dislocation accom-
panied by severe pain in the shoulder
and feet. Approximately 20% of the vic-
tims of torture were subjected to this
form of torture.
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4-Hands and feet tied:
the detainee's hands and feet are tied
from the back, and security forces
leave him tied up to a chair for long
periods of time, resulting in damage
to the ligaments of the hands and feet
and intolerable pain. Ten percent of
the victims of torture were subjected
to this.
5-Scalding the detainee's limbs and face in hot water:
seven percent of the victims of torture
had their face and limbs burned with
scalding hot water.
The torture conducted by the Egyptian
security agencies while detainees are held
in processing has caused a great deal of
pain to detainees. These actions are crimes
committed by the security forces against
the detainees, causing laceration in var-
ious ligaments in the body, atrophy, and
bruises all over the body, as well as deep
and superficial wounds. The detainees’
shoulders are also dislocated as a result of
the torture.
The cruelest thing about all of this is that
thepublicprosecutionwitnessestheseacts,
seeing the detainee during processing, and
chooses to ignore these crimes rather than
investigate and prosecute. This means the
public prosecutor an accomplice in the
commission of the crime of torture, and
promotes its spread. The public prosecu-
tor in Egypt represents the narrative of the
security agencies to the public. Thus, there
can be no guarantee of the rule of law and
good governance if the public prosecutor
ignores facts presented before them, or if
they lie and distort the truth. By allowing
detainees to be routinely subjecting to tor-
ture, the public prosecutor is ignoring the
legal and constitutional texts and rights
guaranteed to Egyptian citizens by law.
The Third Stage:
The stage of putting the detainee in pris-
on pursuing to the public prosecution’s
sentencing. Once the detainee arrives in
the prison, he is assaulted by the police
officers of the prison using their hands,
sticks, hoses and whips. This assault is
called the Al Tashrifa (Torture Party).
The routine assault is the first of many
sessions of torture inside the prison, in-
cluding criminal neglect and depriva-
tion. One hundred percent of the cases
were subjected to Al Tashrifa.
1-Instances and Examples
We have received complaints from detainees' relatives stating that there are 359
detainees were assaulted since the beginning of 2015, according to documenta-
tion. This number does not reflect the true number of cases of torture in Egypt,
and only reflects the number of complaints received by the Egyptian Coordination
of Rights and Freedoms.
We will present here some of the instances of systematic torture inside the deten-
tion facilities as examples of violations which occurred against the detainees in
the detention facilities in Egypt.
a-Mostafa Al Mohammady Saad
Mostafa Al Mohammady Saad is a 48
year-old lawyer from Al Santa district in
Gharbia.
Mostafa Al Mohammady Saad was ar-
rested on February 2, 2015, while he was
at the military prosecution at the tenth
district of Nasr City, Cairo by National
Security forces. He was beaten and tor-
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tured by hanging him up from his hands
in the National Security headquarters.
He was assaulted by the police forces in
the high-security Torah prison, where he
was stripped of all his clothes and beaten
severely. This assault led to a suspected
stroke in his head. He was taken to Mani-
al Hospital for treatment and was brought
back to the prison before the completion
of the first aid and surgery.
Actions that have been taken
The victim's family submitted reports to
the office of the public prosecutor and
sent telegrams to the public prosecutor
and the
Ministry of Interior but no decision was
made.
b - Hesham Abdul Nabi Ahmed Ibrahim
Hesham Abdul Nabi Ahmed Ibrahim is
a 26 year-old worker who lives in Al Ba-
drashin, Giza.
Hesham Abdul Nabi was arrested on
February 17, 2015, when police forces
in civilian and formal clothes raided his
home. He was not present at the time, so
they detained his father as a hostage until
Hesham Abdul Nabi surrendered him-
self; his father was then released. Hesh-
am Abdul Nabi was then taken to Abu Al
Nomrus police station and there he was
assaulted, beaten and electrocuted in dif-
ferent places of his body. The violations
reached the limit as his tongue was cut
out, and he was then taken to Al Kasr Al
Einy Hospital for stitches. Then he was
presented to the public prosecutor on
February 27. He mentioned all the viola-
tions that he suffered to the public pros-
ecutor, and as a penalty for this he was
deported to Al Badrashin police station
to be tortured again. His tongue was cut
out again. On March 26, 2015, his father
wondered why his son could not speak to
him during a visit to the police station. He
recognized the injuries to Hesham Abdul
Nabi’s tongue, so he brought a special
doctor to see him. The sheriff refused to
accept the doctor’s diagnosis, and he told
the doctor that he will treat the victim
in the police station. The sheriff denied
the detainee the necessary treatment in
his solitary cell in the police station. The
doctor and the victim's father implored
the sheriff to transfer the victim to the
hospital outside the police station but it
failed. His health status has deteriorated
since his arrest up until now. We have all
the medical documents and reports that
prove this.
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Actions that have been taken
The victim's family submitted reports to
the office of the public prosecutor and
sent telegrams to the public prosecutor
and the Ministry of Interior but no deci-
sion was made.
c-Ismail Gomaa Aboud Khamis
Ismail Gomaa Aboud Khamis is a 42
year-old teacher from Al Badrashin,
Giza.
Ismail Gomaa’s wife said: “Ismael was
arrested on April 7, 2015, when securi-
ty forces in civilian and uniform clothes
kidnapped him. He was missing for 13
days. We knew that he was tortured at the
place of his detention at Abu Al Nom-
rous police station, where he was beaten
severely all over his body, hung up, and
electrocuted in order to force him to
confess to things he did not commit, and
which were totally unrelated to him.
“On April 20, Ismail Gomaa was present-
ed to the public prosecution in order to
proceed with his investigation. Thus, he
was presented before the prosecution af-
ter he was beaten and assaulted.”
Actions that have been taken
The victim's family submitted reports to
the office of the public prosecutor and
sent telegrams to the public prosecutor
and the Ministry of Interior but no deci-
sion was made.
Refa't Ibrahim Abu Zaid Al Sayed Sherdy
Refa't Ibrahim Abu Zaid Al Sayed Sherdy
is 45 years old. He works as the head of
the department of manufacturing at Ce-
ramica Prima, and he lives in Sadat City,
Menoufia.
Refa’t Ibrahim’s wife stated:
“He was arrested on February 2, 2015,
when security forces in civilian and uni-
form clothes kidnapped him while he was
coming back from his work. Then he was
taken to the police station of Sadat City,
and there he was assaulted. He was beat-
en all over his body, and his right hand
and right foot were burnt and electrocut-
ed. As a result of this torture he went into
a coma for four days. His family were not
permitted to see him during the coma.
aActions that have been taken
The victim's family submitted reports to
the office of the public prosecutor and
sent telegrams to the public prosecutor
and the Ministry of Interior but no deci-
sion was made.
Galal Al Din Mahmoud Galal
Galal Al Din Mahmoud Galal is a 24 year-
old student in the third year of the facul-
ty of medicine at Mansoura University.
He is the president of the Student Union
at Mansoura University, and he lives in
Deshmal, Dekerns, Mansoura, Dakahlia.
Galal Al Din was arrested on February 1,
2015, when security forces in civilian and
uniform clothes kidnapped him from a
location unknown to his family. Then he
was taken to the police station of the first
district of Mansoura. There he was as-
saulted, beaten all over his body, hung up
by his feet, and electrocuted in sensitive
places on his body, which caused wounds
and bruises all over his body. His mother
was not permitted to see him for fifteen
days, during which time he was subjected
to systematic torture.
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b-Fahmy Farig Souad Marzouk
We contacted the wife of Fahmy Farig
Souad Marzouk, Mrs. Elham Abu Al Fo-
touh, about the incident of his torture, and
shesaid:"Myhusbandsuffersfromhepatis,
diabetes and high blood pressure. While
he was talking to us through the window
of the transfer vehicle, he was beaten, in-
sulted, and humiliated by the officers and
the policemen. He was tied from behind in
front of his family and relatives because he
was talking to us. The officers weren’t sat-
isfied with this until he went into a hepatic
coma as a result of the assault. The officers
refused Fahmy Farig aid despite the fact
that they drove by a hospital. The doctor
of the prison saw him in the next day.
Fahmy was arrested while barefoot,his
clothes were torn, and he was b e a t e n
and insulted with the worst expletives in
front of neighbors and relatives."
c-Ramy Mohammed Hussain Hussain Abdullah
Ramy Mohammed Hussain Hussain Ab-
dullah is married and has three children.
His sister Ghoson Mohammed Hussian
Abdullah stated: "My brother is an As-
sistant Lecturer at Suez Canal Univer-
sity. He was arrested from a cafeteria in
the university while he was preparing
his master's degree. He was arrested for
three days. He was subjected to various
types of torture in order to tell the offi-
cer the location of his brothers. Now, the
four brothers are detained. My brother
was electrocuted and beaten severely at
Azouli prison. The traces of torture re-
mained on his body for months after the
torture.
The left side of his body was paralyzed,
and now he can neither move nor speak
because of the torture and medical ne-
glect. Even the doctor who demanded he
be taken to the hospital for treatment was
arrested too. His health status deteriorat-
ed and all his tendons and nerves have
stopped working. But curiously, when
he was presented to prosecution and
couldn't stand up in front of the prose-
cutor because of the paralysis, he was im-
mediately imprisoned for 45 days."
d-Hussain Mohammed Hussain Ali
Hussain Mohammed Hussain Ali was
sentenced to life imprisonment at Borj
Al Arab Prison. One of his relatives
told us that: "At the beginning of his
imprisonment, all of his clothes were
taken and burnt. The same thing has
happened to the blankets and all things
in the room. Therefore, all his medica-
tions were taken, so his state of health
deteriorated. He was assaulted, beaten
and insulted, when he first entered the
prison.
e-Ahmed Hafez Abdul Atty
Ahmed Hafez Abdul Atty is a 28 year-old
petroleum engineer and lecturer in the
Faculty of engineering. His wife, Mayar
Mostafa, said: “My husband Ahmed was
subjected to various types of torture in
Azouli and Aqrab Prisons. In Azouli
Prison he was stripped of all his clothes
and electrocuted and severely beaten all
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over his body. He was not allowed to take
a shower for three months. Many dis-
eases affected him during his incarcera-
tion as a result of this. He and his mates
were hanged by their feet for long days,
and they were prevented from sleeping.
Ahmed has spent hard days in Azouli
prison. When he was transferred from
Azouli prison to Aqrab prison, he said,
"We came out of the graves" because they
were deprived of food in Azouli Prison.
Inside Azouli, three oranges were dis-
tributed to twenty people. They were
even eating the orange peel. I was pre-
vented from seeing him for a hundred
days. In Aqrab Prison, he was beaten se-
verely, he was only given meager rations
of foods and drinks. My husband wore
the same pair of underwear for six en-
tire months. He was exposed to extreme
harassment. He was fired from his job,
and I was prevented from receiving his
salary. They took our apartment and all
of the furniture inside it. "
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Fourth Topic
Arbitrary detention cases soared in Egypt in 2015. In a flagrant violation of the lib-
erty of Egyptians, 23,000 people were detained in the year. The right to freedom is
guaranteed by all constitutions, covenants, and international conventions. These
thousands of people suffer from torture, enforced disappearance, and medical
negligence.They are processed through unfair trials, which dispense with all their
rights and hopes of freedom and dignity.
Preventive custody, and abusing it against opposition
All individuals are, by default, innocent, and such innocence requires no proof. On
the other hand, conviction requires conclusive and irrefutable evidence. This is
based on the principle stating that conviction is a claim against the default status,
innocence, and if the prosecution fails to irrefutably prove its claims, the default
status applies, which is, innocence.
In Egypt, however, times have changed and conviction has become the default sta-
tus, even if evidence indicates the innocence of the person of interest. Public pros-
ecutors have certain tendencies, or come with preconceptions against the accused
referred to them. One may even say that, in some cases, there is no evidence at all,
and the prosecution maintains an intransigent position and calls for detention for
periods that may reach a year or two or even exceed such periods in a blatant
violation of provisions of law.
Preventive custody was first legalized for the benefit of investigation in certain
cases. However, it should not be a punishment imposed upon suspects. Rather,
public prosecution must base its decision on solid evidence that indicates that the
accused has indeed committed a crime punishable by detention, provided that the
case is referred to the competent authority as soon as possible.
Arbitrary Arrest and Preventive Custody
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1-Joining a terrorist group intending to suspend the constitution and rule of law,
and attempting to overthrow the state regime.
2-Inciting violence against army and police, and sabotaging public and private
properties.
Such indefinite statements used by
investigative authorities when charging
individuals with groundless accusations
abuse the powers of public prosecution,
and subsequently detain individuals for
long, undefined periods. Such abuse
is done without any reference to the
provisions of the law. The public pros-
ecutor, which is a judicial body and a
subsidiary of the executive power, is re-
stricting liberties of Individuals under
the pretext that they threaten public
security without any evidence to such
accusations.
Unfortunately, we are suffering from
lack of evidence of the commission of
any criminal act, and all the guarantees
made by law for individuals are wasted
by the stroke of a pen by representatives
of the public prosecutor.
There are many cases of violation to
the law regarding preventive custody
and enforced disappearance. Many in-
dividuals reappear after prolonged pe-
riods and are then referred to the public
prosecutor. Although there are reports
and telegrams that prove that the arrest
was at an earlier date and that the period
of detention has been exceeded, the ac-
cused are still detained under the pros-
ecutor’s authority to use the terms of
reference of council chamber. However,
it exceeded the maximum limit granted
to it in the detention of the accused and
ordered their detainment for 45 days.
In other cases, preventive custody was
annulled after the issue of a decision by
a prosecutor within 24 hours or in cas-
es where the accused was not referred
to the council chamber within 45 days.
In addition, there were cases where the
accused was not referred to the penal
court within five months, in a violation
of Article 206 bis which stipulates that
a prosecutor shall consider such cases
rather than a chief prosecutor. Also, re-
newal of custody period shall not be de-
cided by a prosecutor, i.e., the decision
maker shall not hear the defense appeal
cases.
Preventive custody has become an excuse for arrest, a fake ornament of legal pro-
cedures, and an abuse of the Penal Code. Judicial authorities insist upon destroying
liberties, ignoring provisions of law, and letting personal preconceptions control
their judicial decisions.
Therefore, there is a large number of people under preventive custody for undefined
periods. Further, those under preventive custody often face bogus charges, where
the prosecution provides no evidence, and the judiciary requires no evidence for
conviction. There is a pattern for the charges made before penal courts, which may
result in life sentences or execution. Such charges include: