The document summarizes a report by the International Bar Association on human rights conditions in Equatorial Guinea. It finds that there is little respect for the rule of law, lack of political pluralism or viable opposition, and strong restrictions on freedom of speech, press, and civil society. The delegation concluded that the executive exercises control over the legislature and judiciary without sufficient checks and balances.
This document discusses human rights and corruption. It notes that all human beings are equally entitled to inherent human rights without discrimination. It also discusses how corruption threatens rule of law, democracy, and human rights by undermining governance, fairness, and social justice. Corruption is defined and some of the causes of corruption are described. The document also explains how corruption violates human rights by preventing full realization of economic, social, and cultural rights and leading to infringement of civil and political rights. It summarizes some of the laws and enforcement agencies that deal with corruption in India.
A Review of FDRE Civil Society Proclamation No.621/2009Markos Mulat G
This document provides an overview of the Civil Societies Proclamation No. 621/2009 in Ethiopia. It discusses the history of civil society organizations in Ethiopia, the rationale for developing the new law, the law development process, the objectives of the law, key components of the law including different designations for civil society organizations, and implementation strategies. It also notes some of the criticisms of the law from civil society actors who argue it places too many restrictions on their work.
The Effectiveness of the Indonesian Anti Human Trafficking Regulation and Law...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: All around the world, men, women and children are subject to be victimized by human
trafficking for sexual, forced labor and other forms of exploitation. Human trafficking can be defined as a
process where people being recruited in their community and country of origin and transported to the
destination where they are being exploited for purposes of forced labor, prostitution, domestic servitude,
and other forms of exploitation. The implementation of Indonesian laws and regulations as well as it‟s
enforcement personnel for fighting against human trafficking has not been evaluated in quantitative and
qualitative measures. Therefore this research will analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the Indonesian
anti human trafficking regulation and law enforcement. This research will analyze and evaluate the
effectiveness of the Indonesian anti human trafficking regulation and law enforcement. The main cause of
trafficking is the lack of information about trafficking, poverty and the low level of education and skills
possessed. The problem oftrafficking is a complex problem and needed the complex handling.
KEYWORD : human trafficking, trafficking, trafficking law, anti-human trafficking regulation
Initially published on 25th June 2008 in AfroArticles, American Chronicle and Buzzle
Republished on 8th March 2013 here:
https://kafaforfreedom.wordpress.com/2013/03/08/liberate-the-shekacho-nation-from-the-abyssinian-tyranny-stop-the-shekacho-genocide-now/
The document summarizes the 2015 human rights report for Equatorial Guinea. It describes numerous human rights violations throughout the country, including arbitrary arrest and detention, unlawful detention of children, and repression of fundamental freedoms. It provides details on lack of due process, suppression of freedom of expression and assembly, violations of children's rights, and restrictions on freedom of movement. Political opponents faced harassment, arrest, and banishment, while security forces committed abuses against civilians with impunity.
This document discusses how rule of law can reduce poverty and foster economic growth. It argues that rule of law is important for enabling citizens to exercise their right to development and improve their lives. When rule of law is established, citizens can participate politically, hold their rights, and plan their affairs with confidence. This helps reduce poverty and allows economic growth. However, challenges include corruption, lack of access to justice, and lack of education. Rule of law can help address these by holding the government accountable, increasing transparency, and communicating laws to citizens so they understand their rights. Overall, the document examines the relationship between rule of law, poverty reduction, and economic growth.
1. The human rights situation in Haiti is characterized by a worrying security situation due to armed gangs protected by the state. These gangs regularly receive weapons and ammunition to attack opposition neighborhoods and protesters, resulting in five massacres since 2018 that killed over 100 people.
2. The judiciary system is dysfunctional due to underfunding and political interference. Over 70% of prisoners are awaiting trial and it is difficult for ordinary citizens to access justice.
3. Detention conditions are inhumane with overcrowding far exceeding capacity. Prison authorities do not protect women from gang rape by male inmates.
4. The constitutional order is breaking down as the president has been unable to establish a new government and
Role of National Human Rights Commission in Rescue & Rehabilitation Of Traffi...Dheeraj Kumar Tiwari
Presented by MOHD. NOORUDDIN Master of Laws (LL.M), Aligarh Muslim University & NOUSHI KHAN, Master of Arts (M.A), History, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth, Varanasi at IJSARD (International Journal of Socio-legal Analysis and Rural Development) International Virtual Conference 2017 On Law and Social Sciences.
This document discusses human rights and corruption. It notes that all human beings are equally entitled to inherent human rights without discrimination. It also discusses how corruption threatens rule of law, democracy, and human rights by undermining governance, fairness, and social justice. Corruption is defined and some of the causes of corruption are described. The document also explains how corruption violates human rights by preventing full realization of economic, social, and cultural rights and leading to infringement of civil and political rights. It summarizes some of the laws and enforcement agencies that deal with corruption in India.
A Review of FDRE Civil Society Proclamation No.621/2009Markos Mulat G
This document provides an overview of the Civil Societies Proclamation No. 621/2009 in Ethiopia. It discusses the history of civil society organizations in Ethiopia, the rationale for developing the new law, the law development process, the objectives of the law, key components of the law including different designations for civil society organizations, and implementation strategies. It also notes some of the criticisms of the law from civil society actors who argue it places too many restrictions on their work.
The Effectiveness of the Indonesian Anti Human Trafficking Regulation and Law...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: All around the world, men, women and children are subject to be victimized by human
trafficking for sexual, forced labor and other forms of exploitation. Human trafficking can be defined as a
process where people being recruited in their community and country of origin and transported to the
destination where they are being exploited for purposes of forced labor, prostitution, domestic servitude,
and other forms of exploitation. The implementation of Indonesian laws and regulations as well as it‟s
enforcement personnel for fighting against human trafficking has not been evaluated in quantitative and
qualitative measures. Therefore this research will analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the Indonesian
anti human trafficking regulation and law enforcement. This research will analyze and evaluate the
effectiveness of the Indonesian anti human trafficking regulation and law enforcement. The main cause of
trafficking is the lack of information about trafficking, poverty and the low level of education and skills
possessed. The problem oftrafficking is a complex problem and needed the complex handling.
KEYWORD : human trafficking, trafficking, trafficking law, anti-human trafficking regulation
Initially published on 25th June 2008 in AfroArticles, American Chronicle and Buzzle
Republished on 8th March 2013 here:
https://kafaforfreedom.wordpress.com/2013/03/08/liberate-the-shekacho-nation-from-the-abyssinian-tyranny-stop-the-shekacho-genocide-now/
The document summarizes the 2015 human rights report for Equatorial Guinea. It describes numerous human rights violations throughout the country, including arbitrary arrest and detention, unlawful detention of children, and repression of fundamental freedoms. It provides details on lack of due process, suppression of freedom of expression and assembly, violations of children's rights, and restrictions on freedom of movement. Political opponents faced harassment, arrest, and banishment, while security forces committed abuses against civilians with impunity.
This document discusses how rule of law can reduce poverty and foster economic growth. It argues that rule of law is important for enabling citizens to exercise their right to development and improve their lives. When rule of law is established, citizens can participate politically, hold their rights, and plan their affairs with confidence. This helps reduce poverty and allows economic growth. However, challenges include corruption, lack of access to justice, and lack of education. Rule of law can help address these by holding the government accountable, increasing transparency, and communicating laws to citizens so they understand their rights. Overall, the document examines the relationship between rule of law, poverty reduction, and economic growth.
1. The human rights situation in Haiti is characterized by a worrying security situation due to armed gangs protected by the state. These gangs regularly receive weapons and ammunition to attack opposition neighborhoods and protesters, resulting in five massacres since 2018 that killed over 100 people.
2. The judiciary system is dysfunctional due to underfunding and political interference. Over 70% of prisoners are awaiting trial and it is difficult for ordinary citizens to access justice.
3. Detention conditions are inhumane with overcrowding far exceeding capacity. Prison authorities do not protect women from gang rape by male inmates.
4. The constitutional order is breaking down as the president has been unable to establish a new government and
Role of National Human Rights Commission in Rescue & Rehabilitation Of Traffi...Dheeraj Kumar Tiwari
Presented by MOHD. NOORUDDIN Master of Laws (LL.M), Aligarh Muslim University & NOUSHI KHAN, Master of Arts (M.A), History, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth, Varanasi at IJSARD (International Journal of Socio-legal Analysis and Rural Development) International Virtual Conference 2017 On Law and Social Sciences.
The document summarizes a research report on South Africa's legal obligations to combat xenophobia. It discusses a wave of xenophobic violence that swept across South Africa in 2008. In-depth interviews were conducted with South African and foreign nationals to understand their perspectives. The research analyzes South Africa's obligations under international law, regional agreements, and its constitution regarding responding to violence, repatriation of foreign nationals, access to socio-economic rights, reintegration of victims, and preventing future violence. It finds that South Africa failed to meet several of these obligations during and after the 2008 attacks. It provides recommendations for South Africa to strengthen its legal protections for foreign nationals.
The document provides the statement of objects and reasons for the Jan Lokpal Bill 2011 in India. It summarizes that corruption has become a major problem in India that existing anti-corruption institutions have failed to address. It aims to establish an independent Lokpal authority, as required by the UN Convention Against Corruption, to investigate and prosecute corruption cases against public officials and ensure transparency, accountability and public participation in its functioning. The bill seeks to provide independence to the anti-corruption machinery from undue influences to effectively tackle the menace of corruption.
This document provides an overview of Philippine presidents from the post-EDSA period to the present administration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. It discusses the presidencies of Corazon Aquino, Fidel Ramos, Joseph Estrada, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, outlining their priorities, policies, and significant events during their terms. It also lists the seven candidates for president in the 1992 election that Fidel Ramos ultimately won.
Our Nation needs a total makeover to be a real super power that influences the world with our philosophy of Peace, Prosperity & Happiness in these times of terror and depression.
The document provides testimony on the political and economic crisis in Haiti. It discusses:
1) Widespread protests since 2018 demanding accountability for misappropriated funds from Venezuela's PetroCaribe program, implicating high-level officials. The government has undermined accountability efforts and responded to protests with violence.
2) The economy has deteriorated under President Moise, with high inflation and a devalued currency. Armed gangs proliferate with government ties.
3) Haitian civil society calls for an inclusive transition process to establish a reformed government addressing corruption and human rights. They do not believe the current administration can resolve the crisis.
4) The testimony requests that the U.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
The document provides a critique of the 2008 Government of National Unity (GNU) in Zimbabwe and its impact on human rights protection. It discusses the state of civil and political rights in Zimbabwe prior to the 2008 GNU, which were regularly violated. The GNU was formed through a Global Political Agreement between political parties to end political and economic crises. However, the implementation of the GNU failed to fully protect civil and political liberties. While some reforms were undertaken, such as the formation of human rights commissions, they were hampered by partisan politics and lack of funding/mandate. Overall, human rights abuses persisted during the GNU period due to lack of meaningful constitutional, institutional and security sector reforms.
1. Human trafficking is a major problem in India, fueled by poverty, lack of opportunities, and demand for young girls and boys.
2. The government has instituted several schemes to combat trafficking, including training for police, resources for rescued victims, and laws against trafficking.
3. NGOs play an important role in raising awareness, providing rehabilitation services, and coordinating with local legal professionals to support trafficking victims.
The document discusses human rights issues in India. It provides an overview of the complex human rights situation in India due to its large size and diversity. It notes that Dalits have faced substantial discrimination. It also establishes the National Human Rights Commission of India in 1993 to protect and promote human rights, giving it powers like a civil court to conduct investigations and make recommendations.
Protecting civic space in Kenya IHoughton SMuchai March 2014irunguh
The document summarizes events in Kenya in November 2013 when proposed amendments to the Public Benefits Organizations Act were brought before the National Assembly. The amendments would have significantly restricted civic space and foreign funding for NGOs. Through research, representation, media engagement and public protests, a CSO Reference Group was able to defeat the bill. Key strategies included impact assessments showing the development harm, meetings with MPs, an online petition, and social media campaigns. Narrowly, 83 MPs voted against the bill compared to 73 who voted for it, preserving the independence of Kenya's civil society sector. The conclusion warns that constitutionalism must underpin such progressive laws to prevent future threats to civic freedoms.
This document proposes governance targets and indicators for inclusion in the UN's Post-2015 development framework. It argues that open, inclusive, accountable and effective governance should be a stand-alone goal and integrated into other goals. Five specific governance targets are outlined: 1) ensuring access to development information, 2) curbing corruption and illicit financial flows, 3) enhancing public institution effectiveness and accountability, 4) increasing citizen participation, and 5) ensuring corporate transparency and accountability. Global minimum standards and possible indicators are suggested for each target to balance diversity and comparability.
Whistleblowers' law to fight corruptionM S Siddiqui
The document discusses the need for whistleblower protection laws in Bangladesh to encourage people to report corruption. It notes that corruption discourages business and reduces economic growth. Whistleblowers help detect corruption, but they often face punishment for speaking out. The document recommends that Bangladesh strengthen its 2010 Public Interest-Related Information Disclosure law to truly protect whistleblowers and incentivize reporting of corrupt activities. Establishing support for whistleblowers and penalizing violations of their rights could help make corruption a high-risk endeavor and encourage people to blow the whistle.
Tunisia Elects President in Successful and Transparent Electoral ProcessJamaity
Early Carter Center observer reports indicate that Tunisia has successfully completed its first democratic election cycle under the new constitution with Dec. 21's final round of the presidential election. The country's transition from an authoritarian regime, ousted in a largely peaceful revolution on Jan. 14, 2011, to transparent elections and permanent democratic institutions represents the brightest hope in the region for a successful and peaceful transition following the Arab revolutions. Once the electoral process is finalized, Tunisia's leaders should work to consolidate the country's achievements and fulfill the promise of the revolution by enshrining the tenets of its new constitution in domestic legislation and tackling pressing economic and social concerns.
The National Human Rights Commission of India (NHRC) was established in 1993 to protect human rights and implement international human rights standards. It was created based on the Paris Principles developed by the UN. NHRC is an independent statutory body that investigates human rights violations and makes recommendations to remedy such violations. It handles complaints related to issues like custodial torture, discrimination, and violations of rights to life, liberty, equality, and dignity as defined in the Indian Constitution and international covenants. NHRC has investigated major cases of human rights abuse in India and works to promote awareness of human rights.
The document discusses India's system of public administration and governance. It makes three key points:
1) India's system of public administration evolved over millennia as a system of imperial authority and revenue extraction. The modern system established by the British further centralized control.
2) Today, India spends a large portion of its budget (over 10%) on salaries for central government employees. However, many departments are understaffed due to the high costs of wages slowing hiring.
3) There are concerns that India's system favors centralized control and revenue extraction over good governance. High employee costs and understaffing of key departments like health and revenue collection undermine the government's ability to effectively serve the public.
Bifurcating The System
Will splitting the Supreme Court as suggested by
Venkaiah Naidu (left) help steady the disposal
of cases? An analysis by Prof. Upendra Baxi
The document summarizes the human rights situation in Afghanistan between 2001-2013. It outlines improvements such as the approval of a new constitution, new laws protecting human rights, and signing international conventions. However, it also notes ongoing challenges including insecurity, violence against women, and weak rule of law. Civilian casualties remain high with over 3,000 killed or injured in the first eight months of 2013 alone. The Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission was created and has helped increase public awareness, but illegal armed groups and lack of access to justice in remote areas continue to be problems.
NORMES INTERNATIONALES SUR LA TRANSPARENCE ET LA RESPONSABILISATIONJamaity
Produit en collaboration avec le Centre pour le droit et la démocratie, ce document d'information se fonde sur deux sources de droit mous et durs pour illustrer les fondements du droit international en matière de transparence et de responsabilité.
Michelle Bachelet, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, updated the UN Human Rights Council on human rights issues in over 50 countries. She expressed concern over restrictions on civic freedoms and participation in countries like Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Hungary, and Croatia. She also raised concerns about shrinking space for civil society and independent monitoring of human rights in Southeast Asia, including arbitrary arrests of activists, and called for stronger social protections in Asia and the Pacific in light of COVID-19.
- The AU has designated 2016 as the African Year of Human Rights but decided to restrict CSO participation in AU Summits, continuing a trend of shrinking civic space across Africa.
- Since 2012, 29 of the 136 restrictive laws introduced worldwide have been in Sub-Saharan Africa, limiting the operations of CSOs through regulations on funding and activities.
- Many governments are using new laws and oversight to obstruct independent civil society voices rather than enhance accountability, threatening citizens' participation in development envisioned in Agenda 2063.
This document provides an overview and summary of a report by the International Bar Association following a fact-finding mission to Equatorial Guinea in July 2003. The summary includes:
1) The delegation met with government officials, judges, lawyers, and civil society members to examine the independence of the judiciary and legal profession as well as guarantees for fair judicial proceedings.
2) The key findings were a lack of separation of powers, restrictions on civil liberties and media freedom, concerns about unfair trials and human rights abuses occurring with impunity.
3) The recommendations called on the government to respect judicial independence, implement legal reforms, allow freedom of expression and association, end torture, and establish independent bar associations and regulatory bodies
The document summarizes a research report on South Africa's legal obligations to combat xenophobia. It discusses a wave of xenophobic violence that swept across South Africa in 2008. In-depth interviews were conducted with South African and foreign nationals to understand their perspectives. The research analyzes South Africa's obligations under international law, regional agreements, and its constitution regarding responding to violence, repatriation of foreign nationals, access to socio-economic rights, reintegration of victims, and preventing future violence. It finds that South Africa failed to meet several of these obligations during and after the 2008 attacks. It provides recommendations for South Africa to strengthen its legal protections for foreign nationals.
The document provides the statement of objects and reasons for the Jan Lokpal Bill 2011 in India. It summarizes that corruption has become a major problem in India that existing anti-corruption institutions have failed to address. It aims to establish an independent Lokpal authority, as required by the UN Convention Against Corruption, to investigate and prosecute corruption cases against public officials and ensure transparency, accountability and public participation in its functioning. The bill seeks to provide independence to the anti-corruption machinery from undue influences to effectively tackle the menace of corruption.
This document provides an overview of Philippine presidents from the post-EDSA period to the present administration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. It discusses the presidencies of Corazon Aquino, Fidel Ramos, Joseph Estrada, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, outlining their priorities, policies, and significant events during their terms. It also lists the seven candidates for president in the 1992 election that Fidel Ramos ultimately won.
Our Nation needs a total makeover to be a real super power that influences the world with our philosophy of Peace, Prosperity & Happiness in these times of terror and depression.
The document provides testimony on the political and economic crisis in Haiti. It discusses:
1) Widespread protests since 2018 demanding accountability for misappropriated funds from Venezuela's PetroCaribe program, implicating high-level officials. The government has undermined accountability efforts and responded to protests with violence.
2) The economy has deteriorated under President Moise, with high inflation and a devalued currency. Armed gangs proliferate with government ties.
3) Haitian civil society calls for an inclusive transition process to establish a reformed government addressing corruption and human rights. They do not believe the current administration can resolve the crisis.
4) The testimony requests that the U.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
The document provides a critique of the 2008 Government of National Unity (GNU) in Zimbabwe and its impact on human rights protection. It discusses the state of civil and political rights in Zimbabwe prior to the 2008 GNU, which were regularly violated. The GNU was formed through a Global Political Agreement between political parties to end political and economic crises. However, the implementation of the GNU failed to fully protect civil and political liberties. While some reforms were undertaken, such as the formation of human rights commissions, they were hampered by partisan politics and lack of funding/mandate. Overall, human rights abuses persisted during the GNU period due to lack of meaningful constitutional, institutional and security sector reforms.
1. Human trafficking is a major problem in India, fueled by poverty, lack of opportunities, and demand for young girls and boys.
2. The government has instituted several schemes to combat trafficking, including training for police, resources for rescued victims, and laws against trafficking.
3. NGOs play an important role in raising awareness, providing rehabilitation services, and coordinating with local legal professionals to support trafficking victims.
The document discusses human rights issues in India. It provides an overview of the complex human rights situation in India due to its large size and diversity. It notes that Dalits have faced substantial discrimination. It also establishes the National Human Rights Commission of India in 1993 to protect and promote human rights, giving it powers like a civil court to conduct investigations and make recommendations.
Protecting civic space in Kenya IHoughton SMuchai March 2014irunguh
The document summarizes events in Kenya in November 2013 when proposed amendments to the Public Benefits Organizations Act were brought before the National Assembly. The amendments would have significantly restricted civic space and foreign funding for NGOs. Through research, representation, media engagement and public protests, a CSO Reference Group was able to defeat the bill. Key strategies included impact assessments showing the development harm, meetings with MPs, an online petition, and social media campaigns. Narrowly, 83 MPs voted against the bill compared to 73 who voted for it, preserving the independence of Kenya's civil society sector. The conclusion warns that constitutionalism must underpin such progressive laws to prevent future threats to civic freedoms.
This document proposes governance targets and indicators for inclusion in the UN's Post-2015 development framework. It argues that open, inclusive, accountable and effective governance should be a stand-alone goal and integrated into other goals. Five specific governance targets are outlined: 1) ensuring access to development information, 2) curbing corruption and illicit financial flows, 3) enhancing public institution effectiveness and accountability, 4) increasing citizen participation, and 5) ensuring corporate transparency and accountability. Global minimum standards and possible indicators are suggested for each target to balance diversity and comparability.
Whistleblowers' law to fight corruptionM S Siddiqui
The document discusses the need for whistleblower protection laws in Bangladesh to encourage people to report corruption. It notes that corruption discourages business and reduces economic growth. Whistleblowers help detect corruption, but they often face punishment for speaking out. The document recommends that Bangladesh strengthen its 2010 Public Interest-Related Information Disclosure law to truly protect whistleblowers and incentivize reporting of corrupt activities. Establishing support for whistleblowers and penalizing violations of their rights could help make corruption a high-risk endeavor and encourage people to blow the whistle.
Tunisia Elects President in Successful and Transparent Electoral ProcessJamaity
Early Carter Center observer reports indicate that Tunisia has successfully completed its first democratic election cycle under the new constitution with Dec. 21's final round of the presidential election. The country's transition from an authoritarian regime, ousted in a largely peaceful revolution on Jan. 14, 2011, to transparent elections and permanent democratic institutions represents the brightest hope in the region for a successful and peaceful transition following the Arab revolutions. Once the electoral process is finalized, Tunisia's leaders should work to consolidate the country's achievements and fulfill the promise of the revolution by enshrining the tenets of its new constitution in domestic legislation and tackling pressing economic and social concerns.
The National Human Rights Commission of India (NHRC) was established in 1993 to protect human rights and implement international human rights standards. It was created based on the Paris Principles developed by the UN. NHRC is an independent statutory body that investigates human rights violations and makes recommendations to remedy such violations. It handles complaints related to issues like custodial torture, discrimination, and violations of rights to life, liberty, equality, and dignity as defined in the Indian Constitution and international covenants. NHRC has investigated major cases of human rights abuse in India and works to promote awareness of human rights.
The document discusses India's system of public administration and governance. It makes three key points:
1) India's system of public administration evolved over millennia as a system of imperial authority and revenue extraction. The modern system established by the British further centralized control.
2) Today, India spends a large portion of its budget (over 10%) on salaries for central government employees. However, many departments are understaffed due to the high costs of wages slowing hiring.
3) There are concerns that India's system favors centralized control and revenue extraction over good governance. High employee costs and understaffing of key departments like health and revenue collection undermine the government's ability to effectively serve the public.
Bifurcating The System
Will splitting the Supreme Court as suggested by
Venkaiah Naidu (left) help steady the disposal
of cases? An analysis by Prof. Upendra Baxi
The document summarizes the human rights situation in Afghanistan between 2001-2013. It outlines improvements such as the approval of a new constitution, new laws protecting human rights, and signing international conventions. However, it also notes ongoing challenges including insecurity, violence against women, and weak rule of law. Civilian casualties remain high with over 3,000 killed or injured in the first eight months of 2013 alone. The Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission was created and has helped increase public awareness, but illegal armed groups and lack of access to justice in remote areas continue to be problems.
NORMES INTERNATIONALES SUR LA TRANSPARENCE ET LA RESPONSABILISATIONJamaity
Produit en collaboration avec le Centre pour le droit et la démocratie, ce document d'information se fonde sur deux sources de droit mous et durs pour illustrer les fondements du droit international en matière de transparence et de responsabilité.
Michelle Bachelet, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, updated the UN Human Rights Council on human rights issues in over 50 countries. She expressed concern over restrictions on civic freedoms and participation in countries like Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Hungary, and Croatia. She also raised concerns about shrinking space for civil society and independent monitoring of human rights in Southeast Asia, including arbitrary arrests of activists, and called for stronger social protections in Asia and the Pacific in light of COVID-19.
- The AU has designated 2016 as the African Year of Human Rights but decided to restrict CSO participation in AU Summits, continuing a trend of shrinking civic space across Africa.
- Since 2012, 29 of the 136 restrictive laws introduced worldwide have been in Sub-Saharan Africa, limiting the operations of CSOs through regulations on funding and activities.
- Many governments are using new laws and oversight to obstruct independent civil society voices rather than enhance accountability, threatening citizens' participation in development envisioned in Agenda 2063.
This document provides an overview and summary of a report by the International Bar Association following a fact-finding mission to Equatorial Guinea in July 2003. The summary includes:
1) The delegation met with government officials, judges, lawyers, and civil society members to examine the independence of the judiciary and legal profession as well as guarantees for fair judicial proceedings.
2) The key findings were a lack of separation of powers, restrictions on civil liberties and media freedom, concerns about unfair trials and human rights abuses occurring with impunity.
3) The recommendations called on the government to respect judicial independence, implement legal reforms, allow freedom of expression and association, end torture, and establish independent bar associations and regulatory bodies
I write this letter to you, my fellow ANC member, as our movement and our country face one
of the greatest challenges since the advent of democracy.
I am sure that you are aware that across the nation there is a sense of anger and
disillusionment at reports of corruption in our response to the coronavirus pandemic.
Abstract: The menace of corruption in Nigeria is very pervasive with global implications. So pervasive is corruption in Nigeria that almost every aspect of National life is affected one way or the other (Matthew et al 2013). According to Woodward 2015, psychosocial approach looks at individuals in the context of the combined influence that psychological factors and the surrounding social environment have on their physical and mental wellness and their ability to function. This approach is used in broad range of helping professions in health and social care settings as well as by medical and social science researchers. It is however difficult to provide the exact date that corruption became a subject of national discourse in Nigeria (Matthew et al 2013). The age of corruption in Nigeria however, has affected the socio-psychology of the citizenry as there have been little or no effective measures put in place to curb the menace of corruption. It is also undisputedly true that corruption in the Nigerian society has eaten deep into the law enforcement agencies, political parties, political leaders, judicial system, government and private ministries and parastatals, law makers, etc., and above all, the psycho-social standing of the citizenry is greatly affected. Thus, curbing corruption in Nigeria may seem too daunting to dare but before proffering critical remedies/strategies/recommendations that will help tremendously in curbing corruption in Nigeria, a closer look at some two major factors that have been grossly infected by corruption will be considered. These two factors are carefully selected because the multiplier effects of corruption we see today in Nigeria find their roots in these two factors which are political corruption and judicial corruption. If corruption in these two institutions mentioned is curbed, then corruption in other aspects of life would have been greatly diminished and the slogan “change begins with me” would become more productive in the reduction of corruption as well as conscience upliftment and Nigeria would be in her way forward to a corrupt-free nation.
Keywords: corruption.
Title: TOWARDS CURBING CORRUPTION IN NIGERIAN SOCIETY
Author: NWUZOR, E. EZIAKU, ANYAOGU, BONIFACE E
International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH),
ISSN 2349-7831,
Paper Publications
Michelle Bachelet, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, provided updates on human rights issues in over 50 countries to the UN Human Rights Council. She expressed concerns about restrictions on civic space and fundamental freedoms in countries like Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Hungary, and several Southeast Asian and European nations. She also raised issues regarding the rights of migrants, protests, and discrimination faced by women and minorities in countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas, and elsewhere.
The rule of law underwent radical changes in post-apartheid South Africa following the adoption of the 1996 Constitution. While the Constitution and the Bill of Rights enshrined new rights and protections, their implementation has faced significant challenges. South Africa now has extremely high crime rates that threaten democratic progress. Prosecutors have played a role in navigating constitutional issues but have limited means to initiate challenges. There is a need to develop the limitation of rights concerning crime and to shift emphasis to victims' rights while maintaining a balanced justice system.
This document provides a historical overview of media development in Uganda from 1900 to 1986. It discusses the early missionary print publications in the 1900s-1950s that served religious purposes. The first radio station, Uganda Broadcasting Service, was established in 1954 to serve colonial interests. During this period, the media landscape was dominated by religious and government-owned publications and broadcasters. The document outlines increasing government control and restrictions on independent media during the post-independence years under Milton Obote and Idi Amin in the 1960s-1970s. Many private newspapers were banned or faced censorship and intimidation if critical of the government. By the late 1970s, independent print media growth of the 1950s-1960s had largely been reversed
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document provides a summary of consultations held with 247 Zimbabweans in the diaspora in the UK, Northern Ireland, and the Netherlands to gather their views and recommendations on transitional justice in Zimbabwe. It finds that diasporan Zimbabweans want a framework that uncovers past human rights violations, holds perpetrators accountable, provides compensation to victims, and addresses issues of gender, ethnicity and healing in communities. However, they believe repressive institutions must first be reformed and free and fair elections held. Diasporan Zimbabweans also want their right to nationality and voting restored so they can play a role in crafting the transitional justice framework.
The document discusses strategies for legally empowering the poor in Ethiopia. It examines issues around access to justice, labor rights, property rights, and entrepreneurship. It also analyzes challenges such as informal sectors, customary vs statutory systems, and central vs decentralized control of resources. The goal is to develop a rights-based approach and strategic plans to address these issues and secure enforceable rights and business opportunities for the poor.
Rahui Katene MP commends the efforts to implement the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in New Zealand. While New Zealand initially opposed the declaration, the current government is committed to upholding indigenous rights. Katene discusses how the declaration affirms rights such as self-determination and language revitalization. Specifically, the declaration is influencing a review of policies around the Maori language to empower iwi to control the language. Overall, the declaration provides moral authority to prioritize indigenous issues and aspirations in New Zealand.
The mission is to secure, enforceable rights, within an enabling environment that expands business opportunity, entrepreneurship and access to justice to the poor...
This document discusses the need for universal standards for law drafting and legal reforms. It argues that most countries currently lack transparent, participatory processes for developing laws, which undermines democracy, economic development, and trust in institutions. Establishing independent bodies to draft laws through open consultation and inclusion of marginalized groups could help address this by promoting responsive, accountable governance. The document calls for global cooperation to set standards for high-quality lawmaking that are less dependent on individual legal cultures and national contexts. This would help crisis-stricken nations and create fairer, more prosperous societies worldwide.
CMD_Political Parties and Devolution_05_03_15Paddy Onyango
The document discusses the Centre for Multiparty Democracy in Kenya and an upcoming workshop on mobilizing political parties to support the implementation of devolution as outlined in Kenya's constitution. It provides background on the historical reasons for devolution, including addressing colonial legacy, marginalization, and unequal resource distribution. It outlines the key aspects of Kenya's devolved system, including the two levels of government, the 47 counties, functional assignments, and revenue sources. It concludes by noting the county institutions and structures that have been established thus far to support devolution.
In 2008, the Cape Party was officially registered with the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) as a political party in the Republic of South Africa.
UDM believes a multi-party government will ward off corruption. It's promising to train unemployed youth in agriculture, tourism and community development projects.
We are organisations and individuals – from all walks of life, all ages, all religions and beliefs - who have joined together to take a stand against all forms and all sources of corruption. We do so because corruption is a cancer that infects and impacts negatively on all people and institutions throughout the country – but more so, it hampers the prosperity of the people of South Africa, especially those from the poorest and most vulnerable communities across our country.
The document provides the statement of objects and reasons for the Jan Lokpal Bill 2011 in India. It summarizes that corruption has become a major problem in India that has undermined democracy and rule of law. Existing anti-corruption institutions have failed to address the problem. The bill aims to establish an independent Lokpal authority, as recommended by the UN Convention Against Corruption, to investigate and prosecute corruption cases against public officials effectively. It seeks to grant the Lokpal necessary independence and autonomy to curb corruption in India.
The document discusses the need for an independent Lokpal authority in India to effectively investigate and prosecute corruption cases according to the UN Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC). It notes that existing anti-corruption institutions have failed to tackle corruption issues in India. The proposed Lokpal bill aims to establish an independent authority with powers to investigate, prosecute cases of corruption, inquire into misconduct, and oversee vigilance and grievance redressal machinery according to principles of transparency, independence, and accountability outlined in the UNCAC.
Similar to Guine equatorial at the crossroads (20)
The document summarizes corruption and its consequences in Equatorial Guinea. It describes how despite the country's wealth from natural resources like oil and gas, most citizens live in poverty. This is due to massive corruption where President Obiang and his inner circle divert wealth from these resources for their own benefit. They have established a system to launder money and purchase extravagant personal items abroad. As a result, social indicators in Equatorial Guinea like healthcare and education are very poor, showing that the government prioritizes self-enrichment over citizen welfare.
1) El documento presenta las conclusiones de una misión de investigación realizada por una delegación de juristas en Guinea Ecuatorial para examinar el estado de derecho, la independencia judicial y la situación de los derechos humanos.
2) La delegación concluyó que existe poca separación de poderes y el poder ejecutivo ejerce un control excesivo sobre las ramas legislativa y judicial. Además, la libertad de expresión y prensa están fuertemente censuradas y no existe una sociedad civil viable.
3) El juicio de 144 personas acus
El documento presenta el preámbulo de la Constitución de Guinea Ecuatorial. Establece los principios fundamentales de igualdad ante la ley, derechos y libertades individuales como la vida, libertad, igualdad, seguridad y propiedad. También garantiza libertades como la expresión, religión, trabajo, asociación, propiedad privada y protección contra la discriminación.
This document provides an overview of Equatorial Guinea, including its geography, demographics, economy, politics, and infrastructure. Some key points:
- Equatorial Guinea has experienced rapid economic growth in recent years due to higher oil production and prices, but poverty remains widespread and civil/political rights are limited.
- The economy is dominated by oil production and exports, which account for over 70% of GDP. Agriculture and fishing also contribute to the economy.
- Infrastructure development has increased with oil revenues, but roads, ports, and utilities still need improvements.
- President Teodoro Obiang Nguema has ruled since 1979 and his party dominates the unicameral legislature.
Equatorial Guinea is undergoing rapid development fueled by its oil and gas wealth. The government is investing heavily in infrastructure projects to achieve the goals of its Horizon 2020 plan to reach emerging market status by that year. State-owned construction companies like Horizon Construction and Sogea Satom are building roads, airports, ports, hospitals and other buildings to develop the country from scratch. Challenges remain such as unreliable power supply, but continued investment in projects aims to modernize infrastructure and support further economic growth.
The document discusses a global campaign called SOS Malabo that aims to raise awareness about human rights violations in Equatorial Guinea and mobilize support. It notes that the majority of people in Equatorial Guinea live in extreme poverty under a corrupt dictatorial regime where basic human rights are violated. SOS Malabo uses social media and the internet as tools for visibility, awareness and mobilization to empower the people of Equatorial Guinea and call the international community to action. It outlines tactics for building the online operation, including empowering super users, going where people engage online, using familiar tools, and mobilizing support through mobile.
15062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Why We Chose ScyllaDB over DynamoDB for "User Watch Status"ScyllaDB
Yichen Wei and Adam Drennan share the architecture and technical requirements behind "user watch status" for a major global media streaming service, what that meant for their database, the pros and cons of the many options they considered for replacing DynamoDB, why they ultimately chose ScyllaDB, and their lessons learned so far.
projet de traité négocié à Istanbul (anglais).pdfEdouardHusson
Ceci est le projet de traité qui avait été négocié entre Russes et Ukrainiens à Istanbul en mars 2022, avant que les Etats-Unis et la Grande-Bretagne ne détournent Kiev de signer.
19 जून को बॉम्बे हाई कोर्ट ने विवादित फिल्म ‘हमारे बारह’ को 21 जून को थिएटर में रिलीज करने का रास्ता साफ कर दिया, हालांकि यह सुनिश्चित करने के बाद कि फिल्म निर्माता कुछ आपत्तिजनक अंशों को हटा दें।
Christian persecution in Islamic countries has intensified, with alarming incidents of violence, discrimination, and intolerance. This article highlights recent attacks in Nigeria, Pakistan, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq, exposing the multifaceted challenges faced by Christian communities. Despite the severity of these atrocities, the Western world's response remains muted due to political, economic, and social considerations. The urgent need for international intervention is underscored, emphasizing that without substantial support, the future of Christianity in these regions is at grave risk.
https://ecspe.org/the-rise-of-christian-persecution-in-islamic-countries/
16062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Slide deck with charts from our Digital News Report 2024, the most comprehensive exploration of news consumption habits around the world, based on survey data from more than 95,000 respondents across 47 countries.
Recent years have seen a disturbing rise in violence, discrimination, and intolerance against Christian communities in various Islamic countries. This multifaceted challenge, deeply rooted in historical, social, and political animosities, demands urgent attention. Despite the escalating persecution, substantial support from the Western world remains lacking.
18062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
ग्रेटर मुंबई के नगर आयुक्त को एक खुले पत्र में याचिका दायर कर 540 से अधिक मुंबईकरों ने सभी अवैध और अस्थिर होर्डिंग्स, साइनबोर्ड और इलेक्ट्रिक साइनेज को तत्काल हटाने और 13 मई, 2024 की शाम को घाटकोपर में अवैध होर्डिंग के गिरने की विनाशकारी घटना के बाद अपराधियों के खिलाफ सख्त कार्रवाई की मांग की है, जिसमें 17 लोगों की जान चली गई और कई निर्दोष लोग गंभीर रूप से घायल हो गए।
Shark Tank Jargon | Operational ProfitabilityTheUnitedIndian
Don't let fancy business words confuse you! This blog is your cheat sheet to understanding the Shark Tank Jargon. We'll translate all the confusing terms like "valuation" (how much the company is worth) and "royalty" (a fee for using someone's idea). You'll be swimming with the Sharks like a pro in no time!
Federal Authorities Urge Vigilance Amid Bird Flu Outbreak | The Lifesciences ...The Lifesciences Magazine
Federal authorities have advised the public to remain vigilant but calm in response to the ongoing bird flu outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu.
विवादास्पद फिल्म के ट्रेलर से गाली-गलौज वाले दृश्य हटा दिए गए हैं, और जुर्माना लगाया गया है। सुप्रीम कोर्ट और बॉम्बे हाई कोर्ट दोनों ने फिल्म की रिलीज पर रोक लगा दी है और उसे निलंबित कर दिया है। पहले यह फिल्म 7 जून और फिर 14 जून को रिलीज होने वाली थी, लेकिन अब यह 21 जून को रिलीज हो रही है।
1. October 2003Report of a Mission to Equatorial Guinea by the International Bar AssociationHumanRightsInstitute
2. Over 100,000 Equatoguineans live in exile abroad, and there was wide dissatisfactionwith the slow pace of reform. Due to the deplorable political conditions under which thepresidential elections were held, TeodoroObiangNguemaMbasogo was re-elected unopposedin 2002. In December 2002 the Presidency of the European Union stated that ‘the European Union isconcerned about the internal situation in Equatorial Guinea with regard to thedemocratisation process. In particular, the European Union (EU) regrets the way the electionswere handled on 15 December 2002. The EU considers that the opposition was notrepresented in the elections in an appropriate way and regrets that opposition leaders remainconvicted and in custody, or in exile’ . In January 2003, the European Parliament ‘deploredthe political conditions under which the presidential elections were held in Equatorial Guinea,which led to over 97 % of the votes being cast in favour of the incumbent president, MrTeodoro ObiangNguemaMbasogo’. NOTHING HAPPENED SO FAR!! Equatorial Guinea – at the crossroads
3. Equatorial Guinea is a fledgling democracy. Only made fully independent in 1968, the country has now reached a crucial moment on its path to democracy. Following years of oppression and mismanagement under the cruel regime of Macias Nguema, the country was left shattered,impoverishedand with little infrastructure. Summaryoffindings 1. During its visit to Equatorial Guinea the delegation concluded that there is little respect for the rule of law, in particular there is no separation of powers. It was clear that the Executive exercises considerable control over both the legislature and the judiciary which impacts significantly on their ability to exercise sufficient checks and balances on the powers of the Executive. 2. There is a lack of a viable opposition to the governing party and the political pluralism promised within the constitution has not been fulfilled. 3. Freedom of speech and the press are strongly restricted to the extent that civil society is disempowered. The delegation was very concerned to note that there was no daily newspaper, bookshop or public library in Equatorial Guinea. 4. The combined impact of the lack of freedom of speech, press and association has meant that civil society has not been able to develop. This situation is critical. Without civil society it will be impossible to ensure that the rights and freedoms of the citizens in Equatorial Guinea areprotectedandupheld. Humanrightsviolations EQUATORIAL GUINEA IS A STATE UNDER OBSERVATION OF THE PORTUGUESE SPEAKING COUNTRIES COMMUNITY. http://www.cplp.org/ The countries willing to takepartofthisentitywillhave to sharetherespectiveguidingprinciples, particularlyreferring to thepromotionofdemocracticpractices, goodgovernanceandrespect to humanrightsandpursue, throughtheirGovernmentprogrammes, identicalobjectivesoftheOrganization: ??????????????????????????
4. International Human Rights Obligations Aside from the instruments to which it has become a party listed above, Equatorial Guinea is also bound to comply with customary international law which comprises a range of standards widely accepted as general practice regardless of any treaty Equatorial Guinea is a participant in the Cotonou Agreement between the EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP). This agreement, signed in 2000 succeeded the LoméConventions and is now the principal framework for cooperation between the participating states. It makes clear association between politics, trade and development, and establishes mutual obligations rather than offering aid to assist the developing world. In particular, Article 9 provides that ‘respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, including respect for fundamental social rights, democracy based on the rule of law and transparent and accountable governance are an integral part of sustainable development’. Equatorial Guinea is a party to a number of international and regional human rights treaties Within the Africa region, Equatorial Guinea is a party to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and its Protocol on the establishment of an African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights.
5. RECOMMENDATIONSHumanrightsInstitute The HRI considers movement towards a true democracy to be critical to Equatorial Guinea playing a credible and leading role within the region. A prerequisite to improving the economy, attracting and maintaining international investors and maximising its own natural resources will be a strong and fair justice system. This must be reinforced by adherence to the rule of law and international and regional human rights standards. The delegation concluded that there has been a breakdown in the rule of law, in particular there is no separation of powers. It was clear that the Executive exercises considerable control over both the legislature and the judiciary which impacts significantly on their ability to exercise sufficient checks and balances on the powers of the Executive. There is a lack of a viable opposition to the governing party and the political pluralism promised within the Constitution has not been fulfilled. In addition, freedom of speech and the press are strongly restricted to the extent that civil society is disempowered.
6. Democracynow! Equatorial Guinea is an African country that is trying to set up a legal system to serve the legal needs of both the national population (still very much ruled by customary law and living according their traditional and rural ways) and those of the modern economy. The Government wants, and indeed needs to legitimise itself through the adequate functioning of a modern democracy. However, it is unclear whether this is as a result of (i) a clear commitment to implement properly functioning legal institutions or (ii) of a rather manipulative attempt to legitimisean authoritarian Executive power through a masquerade legal system. If the Government is seeking the latter it will want to have the legitimating effects of the rule of law, democracy and Human Rights, but without effectively reducing the power of the President.
7. Humanrightsnow! The vast majority of the people in Equatorial Guinea are extremely poor. Corruption is said to be endemic in all sectors of society. However, the discovery of large offshore oil reserves does present a wonderful opportunity for the country to generate much needed revenue and thus help alleviate poverty. However, with oil revenue has come further allegations of corruption and lack of transparency. There are some concerns that oil wealth will not trickle down through society but will instead be mismanaged and perhaps lost through corrupt practices. The Government needs to be encouraged to use the country’s wealth to fund essential services, including in health, education and the administration of justice. Furthermore the Government needs to be encouraged to respect the principles of democracy and human rights. The delegation concluded that oversees investors have a significant role to play to ensure that the Government of Equatorial Guinea does indeed take measures to ensure that oil revenues are transparent and accountable, that the funds are used for the benefit of the country as a whole and that the Government moves towards the creation of a fully functioning democracy and respectshumanrights. Equatorial Guinea has a poor human rights record. Torture, failure to guarantee the right to a fair trial, lack of freedom of expression and association, and poor prison conditions are just some examples of the abuses that occur with impunity. The failure of the judiciary to act independently is a further difficulty as it prevents ordinary citizens from seeking redress for humanrights abuses.
8. Humanrightsnow! There are serious concerns over the level and consistency of human rights violations in Equatorial Guinea. The country has in most instances failed to submit periodic reports to the United Nations treaty monitoring bodies, as required by its becoming a party to various UN human rights treaties. The Government did indicate its willingness to improve respect for human rights and compliance with its international treaty obligations. Torture would appear to be used systematically by the police and security forces. The judiciary has ignored allegations of torture when presented with victims of torture and other illtreatmentatcourt. The failure to ensure the independence of the judiciary has led to the violation of the right to a fair trial. In turn this means that individuals complaining of human rights violations are unlikely to have a judicial remedy.
9. Freedomnow There is no freedom of speech of the press despite these rights being set out within the Equatorial Guinea Constitution. Laws which restrict the press are in contravention of Equatorial Guinea’s international human rights obligations. The right to freedom of association is unduly restricted. The combined impact of the lack of freedom of speech, press and association has meant that civil society has not been able to develop. As a crucial component of any democratic structure, it is essential that civil society groups are allowed to establish themselves independently of the Government. The IBA strongly recommends that the Government reviews the case of Felipe Ondoand ensures that in the meantime, MrOndo is being held in humane conditions with access to his family, medical attention and legal representation.
10. Torture, failure to guarantee the right to a fair trial, lack of freedom of expression and association, and poor prison conditions are just some examples of the abuses that occur with the impunity that exists in Equatorial Guinea. The failure of the judiciary to act independently s a further difficulty as it prevents ordinary citizens from seeking redress for human rights abuses. The delegation concluded that the laws in Equatorial Guinea are either i) not written and thus never properly or consistently used; ii) the laws are inconsistent with the constitution; iii) the laws are outdated, and iv) they are ad hoc. There is an urgent need to initiate a programmeof law reform. Although the Government professes to be engaged in the much needed codification of laws, it needs to demonstrate greater commitment to ensure that the laws are widely disseminated and that sufficiently qualified people are brought into undertake the task. Recommendations The Equatorial Guinea Government must immediately desist from any act of harassment that prevents the Equatoguinean Courts from functioning independently and impartially in compliance with the rule of law. The Equatorial Guinea Government must prove it is committed to democratic principles such as freedom of speech and association and allow an independent media to be established. Furthermore, steps must be taken to ensure the activities of political opponents and parties are notunlawfullyrestricted. The Government of Equatorial Guinea must as a matter of urgency issue instructions to its police officers and other state agents instructing them to refrain from torture and other illtreatment. Those who continue to do so must be held accountable for their actions and be punished in accordance with the law. All victims of torture are entitled to redress which includes compensation. committment to democracy
11. Actionnow! The Government should consider the creation of an independent national commission on human rights whose mandate it would be to: i) undertake studies patterns of human rights violations and make recommendations for reform; ii) monitor systemic changes to see if the situation has improved; iii) disseminate human rights within civil society; iv) help in the creation and implementation of national human rights training programmes; and v) advise the Government on its human rights obligations and its UN treaty monitoring reporting requirements. The Commission will need to cooperate with the UN and African Commission onHumanRights. The HRI would like to take this opportunity to reiterate it’s thanks to all those with whom it met for their honesty and cooperation. The HRI hopes that this report will provide practical and useful advice to those involved in the administration of justice in Equatorial Guinea. The HRI would welcome the opportunity to provide support in the realisation of some of the recommendations containedin this report.