The document discusses various chemical finishes used in technical textiles. It defines technical textiles as textile materials manufactured primarily for their technical performance rather than aesthetic characteristics. The document then classifies textile finishing and describes several common chemical finishes - waterproof, water repellent, flame repellent, resin, antimicrobial, antistatic, antimoth, and antirott finishes. For each finish, it provides examples of end uses and lists specific chemicals used to impart the desired properties. In conclusion, the document states that fabric finishes play a major role in garments by improving appearance, performance, and protecting against microbes, insects and bacteria.

1. Chemical Finishes in Technical Textile
Technical Textile
Port City International University

2. Group Members
• Minhaj Chowdhury (BTE 00505245)
• Md. Wased Hussain (BTE 00505249)
• Arnab Chowdhury (BTE 00505250)
• Majharul Islam (BTE 00505254)

3. Technical Textile
• Technical textile is defined as
textile materials and products
manufactured primary for
their technical performance
and functional properties,
rather than for their aesthetic
and decorative characteristics

4. Textile Finishing
• Finishing is a term which
usually refers to the
treatments given on a
textile material to enhance
quality, after coloration but
before the textiles are cut
and sewn into garments,
house hold textiles or other
products.

5. Objects of textile finishing
• To improve the attractiveness and service ability of the textile
materials.
• To accentuate/inhibit some natural characteristics on the
textile materials such as softening, de-lusture, brightening etc.
• To change the surface characteristics of textile materials.
• To impart new characteristics/properties of textile materials
such as flame retardant, water repellent or water proof
finishes.
• To increase life and durability of textile materials.
• To set the fabric, so that it can be maintained its shape and
structure.
• To set the chemicals into the textile materials.
• To meet up specific end uses.

6. Classification of Textile Finishing
• The most basic classification is:
Aesthetic finishes
Functional finishes
• Finishes also classified as follows:
Mechanical finishes
Chemical finishes/Wet finishes
• Finishes also can be classified by their degree of performance:
Permanent finishes
Durable finishes
Semi-durable finishes
Temporary finishes

7. Chemical finishes/Wet finishes:
• chemical finishes are a class of textile finish, where selected
chemicals are used to enhance an already existing or
introducing a totally new property or properties to the textile
material. Wet finishes consist of the following:
Waterproof Finish
Water Repellent Finish
Flame Repellent Finish
Resin Finish
Anti-microbial Finish
Anti-Static Finish
Anti-moth Finish
Anti-rot & mildew Finish etc.

8. Waterproof Finish
• Water proof finishes are those finishes
which will not allow water to pass through
regardless of the time exposure
• Fabrics to be used as raincoats, umbrellas,
inflatable boats and tarpaulins are treated
with this finish
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
Vulcanized natural rubber
Oxidized oils of varnishes
Cellulose acetate

9. Water Repellent Finish
• Water repellant finish is different from
water proof finish. Water repellant
finishes are which resist the penetration
of water into the fabric but permits the
passage of moisture or air. If the fabric
becomes very wet, water will eventually
pass through.
• This type of finish is used on textile
materials which are to be used as
rainwear, umbrellas, tarpaulins, etc.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
Fluorocarbon
Silicones
Paraffins

10. Flame Repellent Finish
• A chemical application designed to
increase a fabric's resistance to flame
spread. Although a treated fabric may
char when exposed to an ignition source,
it will be less likely to flame up and/or
burn.
• This finish is manly used for making fire-
fighter uniforms. It is also used for
making flame-retardant insulation fabric.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
Bromine
Phosphorus
Nitrogen

11. Resin Finish
• The process of applying resins on textile
material so that they cross link inside the
amorphous region, block the free hydroxyl
groups, prevent the H-bond formation and
thus improve selective properties of the
fabric
• Resin finish greatly increases the strength
and durability of the fabric while also
increasing resistance to effects of different
elements of the environment.
• Chemical used for this finish are as follows:
Urea formaldehyde resin
Ketone resins
Vinyl resins

12. Anti-microbial Finish
• These finishes are used to inhibit the
growth of bacteria and other odor
causing germs, prevent decay and
damage from perspiration, control the
spread of diseases, reduce the risk of
infection.
• These finishes are used for skin contact
clothing, shoe lining and specially
hospital items.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
Triclosan
Metallic Salts
Ethylene Oxide

13. Anti-Static Finish
• Static electricity is produced or created
when two non-conducting surface such
as synthetic textiles rub together. The
wearer can experience the electric
shocks and the fabric tends to cling to
the body of the wearer. Anti-static
finishes are chemical substances
applied to reduce and eliminate static
charge.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
PHPA
Polyalkylene
Polyacrylic co-polymers

14. Anti-moth Finish
• Moth, silverfish etc. attack fiber like
cotton, wool worsted etc. Moth-
proof finish is used to protect such
fabrics form attack of moth.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
chromium fluoride
antimony fluoride
DDT

15. Anti-rot & mildew Finish
• Heavy infestation of natural fiber
products results in rotting and
breakdown of the fibers and
subsequent physical changes such as a
loss of strength or flexibility may cause
the fabric to fail in service
• As such this type of finish is used on any
fabric which will face the full blunt of
the environment.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
Organo-copper compounds
Organo-tin compounds
chlorinated phenols

16. Conclusion
• Fabric finishes play a major role in the garment. These finishes
are derived from both natural as well as manmade sources.
Finishes improve appearance of fabric along with its
performance and hence are divided on the basis of aesthetic
and functional properties. Finishes decrease crease, improve
flame retardation, provide softness and stiffness, decrease
pilling, raise fibers from fabric surface and also provide
protection against microbes, insects and bacteria. Overall
finishes play an important role in determining cost and
improving quality of fabric.

17. Thank you