Discussion on gas singeing machine in textile industries.

1. Discussion on gas singeing machine in textile
industries
• Submitted To
Yeasmin Nahar Sila
Lecturer
Sheikh Kamal Textile Engineering
College
• Submitted By
Emran Kabir Subarno
ID-J201813020
L-2,T-2
Dept. of Fabric Engineering

2. Welcome

3. SINGEING:Singeing is the process by which projecting or floating fibres,stand out
on the surface of the fabric are burned off.
Types of Singeing:
1. Plate singeing
2. Roller Singeing
3. Gas Singeing
Plate Singeing Machine Roller Singeing Machine Gas Singeing Machine

4. GAS SINGEING MACHINE : In this type of singeing machine , the fabric
passes over a burning gas flame at such a speed that only protruding fibres burn and the
main body of the fibre is not damaged by the flame. This is the most common type of the
machine.

5. Difference between before and after singeing

6. Main Components of A Gas Singeing Machine:
 Coal/Gas/Petrol Burner
 Brush
 Guide Roller
 Squeezing Roller
 Trolly

7. Important Gas Singeing Parameter : Following are the important gas singeing
parameters-
 Flame intensity.
 Fabric speed.
 Singeing position.
 Distance between flame burner and fabric.
 Flame width.
1. Flame Intensity
Together with the supply and control units for gas-air mixture, burners comprise the most important part of
any singeing machine. The flame intensity of the singeing burners is based on the amount and the outlet
speed of the gas-air mixture leaving the burner slots. Besides having high thermal energy, flame also has
considerable mechanical energy. All the thermal and mechanical energy of the flame is directed onto the
fabric during singeing. The temperature of the flame at the mouth of the burner is in the range of 1250 to
1300̊C. The speed of the flame at the burner outlet may be between 15 and 35 meter per second. The
flame intensity usually lies between 5 and 20 bars.

8. 2. Fabric Speed:The fabric speed in the singeing machine is usually in the range of 50-160 m/min
depending on fabric (gram per square meter) weight and fibre blend. For heavier fabrics, the speed is kept
slower as compared to lighter weight fabrics.
3. SINGEING POSITION
A.Singeing onto free-guided fabric
This is the most intensive singeing position with highest efficiency. In this position, the flame bounces
onto the free-guided fabric at right angles. This position is usually recommended for singeing of fabrics
with all natural fibres (e.g. cotton), regenerated fibres and blended fabrics, which have been tightly woven
and have weights over 125 g/m2.

9. B) Singeing onto water-cooled roller
In this position, the flame bounces at right angles onto the fabric while the fabric passes onto
water-cooled guide roller. This position is usually recommended for all blended and synthetic
fabrics as well as for fabrics having weights less than 125 g/m2 and fabrics with open structure.

10. C) Tangential Singeing
In this position, the singeing flame falls on the fabric tangentially. This position is usually
recommended for very light weight and sensitive fabrics as well as fabrics with broken
filaments.

11. 4. Distance between Flame Burner and Fabric
The distance between the burner and the fabric is usually in the range of 6-8mm
but it can be adjusted in a range from 6-20mm.
5. Flame Width
All good singeing machines come with a provision of flame width adjustment
according to the width of the fabric. This is essential to optimize the gas economy.

12. PROCEDURE: In gas singeing machine , both side of the fabric can be singed in same time . Normally
two burner are used for both side singed . In this machine , the fabrics are passed through some guide roller
over the gas burner in open width as shown as figure . The length of the burner can be adjusted according
to the width of the fabric . The fabric passes over the burner at the speed of 200-400 yard per minute .
When the fabric passes over the burner , it burns the projecting fibre from the surface of the fabric.

13. Brush is used for brushing the both sides of the fabric . After singeing , the fabric is
immersed into the water or desizing tank to prepare the fibre for the next process

14. Essential Condition for Gas Singeing Machine:Following are three essential conditions for
good singeing-
 A flame with high mechanical & thermal energy to quickly burn thermoplastic protruding fibres (e.g.
polyester) without any molten beads formation.
 A homogeneous flame with uniform mechanical & thermal energy to result in uniform singeing.
 An optical flame/fabric contact time to neither result in incomplete not over singeing.

15. Advantage of Gas Singeing Machine:
 Uniform temperature ensure to proper singeing.
 Both side of the fabric can be singed.
 As the process is continuous, there is no hamper in production.
 After singeing, fabrics are easily cleaned.
 Standard process.
 Ideal Singeing.

16. Disadvantage of Gas Singeing Machine:
The burner can produce spot on the fabric.
This is not suitable for synthetic fabric.
Due to inconsistent of fabric speed, it may be burnt.

17. Plate Singeing Roller Singeing Gas Singeing
1.One side of fabric is singed. 1.One side of fabric is singed. 1.Both side of fabric is singed.
2.Uniform temp. can’t be maintained. 2.Uniform temp. can’t be maintained. 2.Uniform temp. can be maintained.
3.Not suitable for dying and printing 3.Not suitable for dying and printing 3.Very suitable for dying and printing
4.Plate may be decay due to friction. 4.Plate may be decay due to friction. 4.Plate may not be decay due to
friction.
Compare Plate,Roller & Gas Singeing: