The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
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IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
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International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The failure or fracture of a product or component as a result of a single event is known as mechanical overload. It is a common failure mode, and may be contrasted with fatigue, creep, rupture, or stress relaxation.
BRITTLE FAILURE
In a brittle overload failure, separation of the two halves isn’t quite instantaneous, but proceeds at a tremendous rate, nearly at the speed of sound in the material. The crack begins at the point of maximum stress, then grows across by cleavage of the individual material grains. One of the results of this is that the direction of the fracture path is frequently indicated by chevron marks that point toward the origin of the failure.
In the material testing laboratory, a Charpy impact test was performed on three different types (hot,cold,and steel alloy)of steels testing each variety at four different temperatures (32°C(RT), 100°C,0°C and -22°C ). From results (shown below), we determined that the a transition is from ductile failures to brittle failures
Impact Testing of metals is performed to determine the impact resistance or toughness of materials by calculating the amount of energy absorbed during fracture. The impact test is performed at various temperatures to uncover any effects on impact energy. These services provide test results that can be very useful in assessing the suitability of a material for a specific application and in predicting its expected service life.
Avaliability and Usage of Ict Resources for Chemistry Curriculum Delivery in ...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Acoustic Parameters of acetic acid in benzene at 3 MHz.theijes
In present study, Ultrasonic velocity (U) and density (ρ) for binary liquid mixtures of acetic acid with benzene have been measured at 3 MHz ultrasonic frequency at 303K. From this data, acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (βad), acoustic impedance (Z), relative association (RA) and intermolecular free length (Lf) are calculated. The result is interpreted as per molecular interaction between the mixtures.
Design and Analysis of Solar Powered RC Aircrafttheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The failure or fracture of a product or component as a result of a single event is known as mechanical overload. It is a common failure mode, and may be contrasted with fatigue, creep, rupture, or stress relaxation.
BRITTLE FAILURE
In a brittle overload failure, separation of the two halves isn’t quite instantaneous, but proceeds at a tremendous rate, nearly at the speed of sound in the material. The crack begins at the point of maximum stress, then grows across by cleavage of the individual material grains. One of the results of this is that the direction of the fracture path is frequently indicated by chevron marks that point toward the origin of the failure.
In the material testing laboratory, a Charpy impact test was performed on three different types (hot,cold,and steel alloy)of steels testing each variety at four different temperatures (32°C(RT), 100°C,0°C and -22°C ). From results (shown below), we determined that the a transition is from ductile failures to brittle failures
Impact Testing of metals is performed to determine the impact resistance or toughness of materials by calculating the amount of energy absorbed during fracture. The impact test is performed at various temperatures to uncover any effects on impact energy. These services provide test results that can be very useful in assessing the suitability of a material for a specific application and in predicting its expected service life.
Avaliability and Usage of Ict Resources for Chemistry Curriculum Delivery in ...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Acoustic Parameters of acetic acid in benzene at 3 MHz.theijes
In present study, Ultrasonic velocity (U) and density (ρ) for binary liquid mixtures of acetic acid with benzene have been measured at 3 MHz ultrasonic frequency at 303K. From this data, acoustic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (βad), acoustic impedance (Z), relative association (RA) and intermolecular free length (Lf) are calculated. The result is interpreted as per molecular interaction between the mixtures.
Design and Analysis of Solar Powered RC Aircrafttheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Tdtd-Edr: Time Orient Delay Tolerant Density Estimation Technique Based Data ...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The influence of organizational culture, ethical awareness and experience to ...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Performance evolution of a PMSG based WECS using maximum power point tracking...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Feasibility of an eco – friendly disposal method for Iron ore tailingstheijes
The greatest challenge ahead of the Iron ore mining industry is to tackle the issues related to management of tailings. The tailing disposal and storage methods are sensitive to the environment and care must be taken to keep them at the helm. The method being practiced for disposing the tailings is as thickener underflow at around 45% solids. The development of paste thickener & deep cone thickener are encouraging and can dispose tailings at around 65% solids. However, they are yet to be established over different range of mineral tailings and also the economic aspects related to their transportation are yet to be resolved. Thus the development of improved tailing disposal system is of paramount importance and need of the hour. Filtration of tailings after thickening is an alternative to current practices. However, the suitability of this application is to be assessed for tailings of different nature. In this perspective an attempt has been made to assess the filterability of tailings generated from beneficiation of slimes from Donimalai area. From the studies it is evident that the application of filtration process to these tailings is encouraging. By adopting pressure filtration technique it was possible to produce filtered tailings with moisture in the range of 16 - 21%. It is possible to get the filtration rate in the range of 200 – 300 Kg/hr/m2 while operating in the aforesaid moisture range. The greatest advantage ascertained is in the reduction in volume of tailings to be disposed by around 63% which is significant apart from increase in the water recovery by about 10%.
Hand gesture recognition using support vector machinetheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Study of the mechanical fracture behavior of rigid PVC pipes buried supply of...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Underground Water Quantity and Quality Assessment in Next Decade in Bilaspur ...theijes
---------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT------------------------------------------------------
Water is most essential to life next to air and food. It is rather a part of life as the protoplasm of most living
cells contain about 80% water and any major reduction in this percentage is highly detrimental. Over 70% of
earth surface is covered with oceanic water which accounts of 97.2% of the total water resources present on the
earth. Ocean water although , is not utilizable by man directly but it is useful in some of man’s activities like
navigation and renewable energy sources for welfare of mankind The water which is essential to human life is
the fresh water and it is 2.8% of the total water resources on the planet earth. Population growth and
uncontrolled urbanization have created a water crisis in India, our lakes and ponds were once a natural way of
recharging groundwater, but they are being destroyed through urbanisation.Our sewage goes untreated , so the
rivers are contaminated. We used to be very good at managing water in India, but we are losing that ability . As
a consequence of this increased groundwater withdrawl and erratic monsoon , the groundwater levels are
decling in many parts of India including Madhya Pradesh as well as in Chhattisgah region. The rapid growth of
industrialization and urbanisation is the major cause of exploitation of groundwater on and average the
groundwater level in Bilaspur city gone upto 30 feet down. Many places in the city, corporation people required
in the summer season to down pump-motors due to down level of ground water. In the previous year, some
places like Hemunagar and Chuchuhiapara, water level gone down to 30 feet and Bhartinagar, Nehrunagar, Juna
Bilaspur, Sarkanda shown 10-15 feet more down of water level. It is being observed that this trend is followed
year by year. The people of Bilaspur known that earlier when the Arpa river was not it in course, even though
the ground water was available at 20-30 feet very easily. Due to drying of river, the underground water level of
Bilaspur is going down day by day, which is appearing as major problem to the growing population. By and
large the growing city like Bilaspur in Chhattisgarh district is facing the problem of underground water present
day and will be faced severe crisis in next decade. But the quality of underground water as data reveals that it is
still remain same as was previous decades. Of course, the water quantity required for future can be managed
through surface water by managing and saving river water from the encroachment and pollution.
Enhancing the Performance of 75mw Steam Power Plant with Second Law Efficienc...theijes
Energy analysis, thermodynamic second law and Rankine cycle are universal method for enhancing the performance of power plant. Experimental data of 75MW power plant was obtained, mass; energy balance and thermodynamic second law were used to analysis the exergy efficiency while Rankine cycle was used to calculate the overall efficiency of the plant as well as varying the condenser pressure. Results obtained showed that an increase in the reference environment temperature increases the thermal, Rankine and exergy efficiency of the plant. Also as the condenser pressure increases, the efficiency of the plant decreases. The condenser pressure must be reduced in order to decrease the cause's irreveribilities in the system. Also, the plant should be operated above 50% of the operating capacity of the plant, to minimize wastage of energy consumption because more energy will be generated in the boiler even when not in used.
An Evaluation of the Impact of Government Assisted Housing Programmes (GAHPs)...theijes
Housing investment has been considered as a major contributor to economic growth with many social and economic benefits. This research work was carried out to evaluate the impact of Government Assisted Housing Programmes (GAHPs) in Bauchi State. The methodology employed were Oral interview, Self-assessment, Checklist and Questionnaires. Two target groups were considered for this research: the first group was construction professionals such as Architects, Engineers, Quantity surveyors, Builders and Service Engineers involved in the construction of such housing programmes, while the second group was family heads/occupants of government housing programmes. The research was conducted using completed Tambari housing estate and 1000-units of two bedrooms semi-detached / three bedrooms under construction at Dungal as case studies. The information obtained from these case studies were analysed using relative index, linear correlation, regression and one - way ANOVA (Analysis of variance). The research revealed that the first five critical impact of housing programmes were employment for skilled and unskilled workers (RI = 0.77); increase demand for building materials market (RI =0. 75); Generates income and employment in a number of related /non-related industry (RI = 0.75); increases income to land owners due to compensation paid for land acquisition (RI=0.74) and attracts infrastructural facilities to such localities (RI = 0.72). It also revealed that most of the respondents were satisfied with the impact of GAHPs within their vicinity.
Method Of Compensation Instability Of Frequency Modulators In The Absence Of ...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Solar Tracker Module with Automated Module Cleaning Systemtheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Micro Mechanical Modeling of Fiber / Epoxy Unidirectional Laminates Using Featheijes
The focus of the study was to develop the micromechanical model associated with proper damage model to predict the overall mechanical behavior of fiber/matrix unidirectional laminates. The present and first investigation studies the influence of fiber-matrix interface on the behaviour of fiber reinforced composite lamina using micromechanical models. Mechanical properties E1 and E2 are determined at various volume fractions. The second investigation studies the micro-thermo elastic behaviour of the square unit cell of a hybrid fiber reinforced composite lamina. Later this model is extended to predict the coefficients of thermal expansion of graphite-boron hybrid fiber reinforced lamina for various volume fractions.In the third investigation, an analytical solution of the thermal stresses for a fiber embedded in a matrix is presented based on the idea of the finite element and under some simplifying assumptions. The analytical solution to the problem is found for the case when the length of the embedded bar (fiber) is much greater than its radius, and the Young's modulus of the matrix is much less than that of the fiber. The problem is also solved numerically by means of finite element analysis using ANSYS 10.0. Both results are compared and it is shown that both approaches coincide very close qualitatively and quantitatively although significant discrepancies may appear at specific points for specific cases. For all above three cases 3-D finite element models have been developed from the representative volume elements of the composite which are in the form of square unit cells. The finite element software ANSYS 10.0 has been successfully executed to evaluate the properties
Socio-cultural Study of the Unattended Urban Poor (Study of the Poor in the C...theijes
This study was conducted in capital city of Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study objectives were to find out factors that cause the poverty of the unattended poor in urban areas as well as to determine the most appropriate form of intervention suiting their condition. The research method was case study with qualitative approach through in-depth interview. Sampling was done through snowball sampling technique. The number of sample saturated after the informant reached 10 persons. The research population was the urban poor working as beggars, scavengers, and casual labourers. They live and earn a living in the city of Kendari. To obtain reliable data the research used sources triangulation, time triangulation, and techniques triangulation. The results of the study were as follows: (1) The unattended urban poor in this region are poor people, most of whom are poor of property, poor of knowledge, poor of morals and poor of faith (religion). They are poor of faith for not performing the command of God and performing activities prohibited by Allah instead; (2) The unattended urban poor in this region are those who suffer structural poverty as they have no access to decent work, receive no attention from the government and rich people nearby as well as often beyond the reach of formal assistance structure. In addition, they accept zakah (alms-giving) or social aid as sympathy to survive; (3) The unattended urban poor in this area are commonly coming migrants who do not possess production factors of land unless their workforce only; (4) A few of the unattended urban poor in this region is culturally poor since they do not want to be regulated, be lazy and disobedient and it accounts for why some of them survive by expecting the mercy of others, even stealing and taking away the rights of others; (5) The unattended urban poor in this region are those who are in need of both psychological and social empowerment in terms of knowledge, mental and faith.
Castellated beam optimization by using Finite Element Analysis: A Review.theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Geophysical Investigation for Groundwater Potential in Rufus Giwa Polytechnic...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
In the process of drilling wells or carrying out treatment operations on the wells, the characteristics of the reservoir around the vicinity of the well changes due to the invasion of fluid when compared to zones further away in the reservoir. During the stimulation exercise, there is an increased tendency of emulsion formation with the acid concentration and in reality, most crude oils contain natural chemicals which frequently act to stabilize emulsions formed with acid or with spent acid and this severely hinders production due to the high viscosities inherent with emulsions and also, some crude oils chemically react with hydrochloric acid to form solid or semi-solid particles called asphaltene sludge. This can restrict or completely plug the flow channels in the producing formation thereby reducing the effectiveness of the acid treatment and also due to its insoluble in most treating solutions. In this study, pressure transient analysis was performed on well J8 and K35 of an oil field in the Niger Delta to determine the extent of formation damage around the wellbore, a pre and post evaluation on the stimulation job to ascertain the efficacy of the stimulation job is also presented. Result show that it is very important to determine the type of skin on each well, this well help in knowing the type of solution to the problem in order to increase the well’s productivity because a well whose skin is due to completion, partial penetration or slanting of well does not require stimulation and if the field’s operators go ahead to stimulate, they will only end up in wasting time and money without achieving any result because these skin cannot be removed by stimulation.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
1467782670 5 ijaems-jun-2016-49-finite element analysis for the buckling load...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
The buckling behavior of the geometry subjected to static loading (compression) is presented. The columns under consideration were made with corrugation perpendicular to the line of action which coincides exactly with the unstrained axis of the column. Four different arrangements of tubes have been considered for all the conditions taken into consideration. The thickness of the tubes, the number of corrugation, and diameter of the tubes, pitch and depth of the tubes have been varied accordingly. Analysis of the prepared tubes was performed using ANSYS 17.0. A linear buckling analysis was performed to calculate the critical load of the corrugated tubes. The effect of buckling and maximum critical load of the FEM models are discussed.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Material remains intact
Original crystal structure is not destroyed
Crystal distortion is extremely localized
Possible mechanisms:
Translational glide (slipping)
Twin glide (twinning)
Nonlinear fe modelling of anchorage bond in reinforced concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract The transfer of forces from the surrounding concrete to the reinforcing bars in reinforced concrete (RC) can be influenced by several parameters. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the influence of specimen geometry, bar diameter, strength of concrete, lateral confinement and embedment length on the bond properties of concrete. The embedment length of the bar was varied between 50mm and 400mm by varying the diameter of the bar, strength of concrete and lateral confinement. The different bar diameters of 16, 20 and 25mm were selected along with three different concrete strengths of 25, 40 and 65MPa. The specimens with the above parameters were modeled by using a nonlinear finite element analysis package. It has been found that for the same geometry, the specimens with small bond length exhibited high bond strength. With the range of bar diameters considered the bond strength of concrete decreases as the diameter of the bar increases. The splitting failure has been observed in unconfined concrete, while the pullout failure was predominant when the concrete laterally confined. In case of large embedment length, the post peak plateau is prolonged with small diameter bars when compared to the large diameter bars. The descending branch of the bond stress-slip response with large diameter bars has been found to be steep. Keywords: Bond Stress, FE Analysis, Embedment Length, Confinement, Bar Diameter, Pull-out Specimens.
Orientation Effects of Stress Concentrators on the Material Deformation Beha...IJMER
Present investigation pertains to carry out to experimental work to generate data in order to
establish the mode of material deformation and fracture in AISI 316 stainless steel strips of 1.70mm thickness in
the presence of elliptical notches at the center of the specimen whose major axis were designed to incline to the
tensile axis at an angle of 0o
, 45o
and 90o
and the same happens to be the axis of rolling. An elliptical hole of
8.00mm (major axis) with 5.0mm (minor axis) were machined in each specimen so as to correspond to the above
angles of 0o
45o
and90o
and one specimen without any elliptical hole as a notch for comparative analysis of the experimental data. These flat specimens with and without stress concentrators were tested under tension using Hounsfield Tcnsomctcr and the changes in notch geometry have been recorded at various loadings. Further, the visual appearance of the cracks initiation have been continuously observed and recorded. The effect of stress ratio factors and the strain ratio parameters on the mode of fracture on material deformation in and around the stress concentrator has been thoroughly analyzed and it has been established that the crack initiation began either at the inner tips of the minor or the major axis of the elliptical stress concentrator, but, always perpendicular to the direction of loading irrespective of the rolling direction and the orientations of the stress concentrators. However, the changes in the rotation of the major and the minor axis of the elliptical stress concentrators were found to alter, and, this alteration in fact assisted in estimating the strains along the major as well as the minor axis of the stress concentrators. Relation between a plastic strain ratio with respect to the ratio between the major and the minor strains was observed to be of extremely complex nature. The overall observation in the present investigation has indicated that thin strips or sheet specimens containing a single or multiple or a combined type of stress concentrators will create a keen interest in the research approach of the investigators and make them aware of the seriousness of the presence of the stress concentrators and caution them to incorporate any possible design notifications in order to avoid any catastrophic failure (s).
Similar to Test Rig of Free End Torsion Effect on Linear Strain (20)
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptx
Test Rig of Free End Torsion Effect on Linear Strain
1. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES)
|| Volume || 4 || Issue || 11 || Pages || PP -66-70|| 2015 ||
ISSN (e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 – 1805
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 66
Test Rig of Free End Torsion Effect on Linear Strain
Mr.Prashant R. Mahale, Mr.Shailendra P.Shisode, Mr.Chetan K.Patil
Savitribai Phule University,
MIT College of Engineering, Pune
----------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-----------------------------------------------------------
Present work aimed at developing, testing and operating a prototype free end torsion machine for performing
torsion tests and checking linear strain in test specimens. The self developed free end torsion machine was used
to measure and compute numerical prediction of the Swift effect, i.e. the lengthening of the cylinder during the
torsion. The equipment consists of a horizontal torsion machine composed of worm gear, spur gear, bearings,
hand wheel, shaft, base plate, column, measuring instruments, chuck mechanism and test specimen. An encoder
obtains the torsion angle. Experimental tests were carried out at a constant angular speed that imposed a
constant shear strain rate to the test specimen. The torsion tests have been performed on ductile materials -
copper and aluminium. The influence of texture evolution was analyzed. Predicted axial lengthening and
predicted textures were compared to experimental measurements. A good agreement was obtained between the
obtained results.
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Date of Submission: 10 October 2015 Date of Accepted: 10 November 2015
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I. INTRODUCTION
The torsion of cylindrical bars or tubes is of great importance for the characterization of material
properties in the large strain regime. Indeed, under adequate experimental settings, torsion tests remain stable up
to very large strains before failure. Contrarily, tensile tests generally become unstable for large strains due to
necking, while compression tests are influenced by friction and require large mechanical efforts. However, it is
well known that the material behavior during torsion is different from the behavior during tensile or
compression tests. Bearing in mind that plastic strains involve dislocation glides which are linked to shearing at
the crystal level, the different material behaviors can be explained by the cone of maximum shear planes present
in compression and tension compared to the only two maximum shear planes in torsion. Hopefully, crystal
plasticity models, by nature, can account for this different material behavior in torsion compared to tension or
compression. A particular phenomenon observed during torsion under certain conditions is the Swift effect. It
refers to the lengthening or shortening of a cylinder or a tube submitted to large strain torsion in the plastic strain
regime. The Swift effect has first been observed by Swift (1947). Lengthening during torsion was previously
studied by Poynting (1909, 1912) in the elastic regime. This torsion induced lengthening was found by Weber
et al. (2000) to have a purely geometrical origin. Contrarily, a key point concerning the Swift effect is the
crystallographic texture evolution due to the large plastic strains involved during these torsion tests. Texture
measurements have been carried on before and during experimental torsion processes. Beside, plastic anisotropy
models based on texture evolution have been applied for the Swift effect prediction of twisted materials. From
these studies, it is admitted that the initial texture of the material and especially the texture developed during the
torsion test have a crucial influence on the Swift effect. The rigid body rotation associated to the shearing
induced by the torsion process yields to an asymmetric crystal orientation distribution. In turn, the axes of the
yield locus are slightly tilted away from the symmetry axes of the tube or the cylinder. The resulting material
behavior is lengthening during torsion processes. On the other hand, the shortening observed under particular
experimental conditions can be attributed to dynamic re-crystallization during torsion. In order to observe
lengthening or shortening of the cylinder or the tube, displacements along its axial direction must be permitted
during the torsion process without any axial forces in the specimen. Specific experimental devices are therefore
required. This loading is called free end torsion. Analogous axial effect exists in the case of fixed end torsion. As
length variations of the tube are not permitted, axial stress develops. Free end torsion and fixed end torsion are
related phenomena but they must be analyzed separately as they involve important differences in the boundary
conditions of testing. The goal of this study was to model accurately the free end torsion of test specimens of
various materials at room temperature. This method accounts for the radial distribution of the shear strain linked
to the torsion in the bar. The interaction between the different radial layers of the cylinder and the resulting
lengthening were computed. Finally, the complete analysis of the results computed was done.
2. Test Rig of Free End Torsion Effect…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 67
II. SWIFT EFFECT REPORTED IN LITERATURE
Fig. 2.1 presents the first experimental results concerning torsion induced elongation strains in the plastic
regime. They have been reported by Swift (1947) for seven metals.
Author‟s observations were: „„It will be seen that all seven metals show a general tendency to elongate under
severe torsion strain. The final elongation varies from about 1 per cent for carbon steel to over 11 per cent.”
Furthermore, Swift noticed that lengthening was larger for FCC than for BCC metals. According to Swift
(1947), the Swift effect has its origin in the interaction between crystals with different orientations. The shearing
induced by the torsion is assumed to be accommodated at the crystal level by dislocation glide along well
defined slip systems. The hardening behavior on these slip systems depends on the orientation of every crystal
with respect to the applied shear strain. High hardened and low hardened grains (depending on their initial
orientation) can progressively be distinguished during the torsion. The interaction between these hard and soft
grains induces their reorientation, i.e. texture evolution. According to Swift‟s assumptions, hard grains tend to
align their length with the axial direction of the tube or cylinder while soft grains preferably align perpendicular
to the axial direction. These re-orientations are subsequently assumed to be at the origin of the observed torsion
induced lengthening.
First, it can explain why FCC metals are more subjected to lengthening than bcc metals. The description of
Swift (1947) being closely linked to slip system activity, a lower number of permitted slip systems in each
crystal emphasizes the phenomenon. Secondly, at high temperatures, a shortening of the tube or cylinder is
observed experimentally.The explanation of Swift is based on the work hardening in each crystal; at high
temperatures, dynamic re-crystallization occurs and annihilates the work hardening based extension.
Furthermore, a non-hardening material like lead is not subjected to the Swift effect even at room temperature.
Whereas, room temperature is too low to permit dynamic re-crystallization in steel, aluminium or copper for
instance and thus only lengthening is observed.
In fig.2.1,graph is plotted between extension with respect to shear strain and following results were observed
1)The extension in stainless steel is more compared to shear strain
2)In case of aluminum extension and shear strain is less compared to stainless steel
3)Cupro-nickel is having almost linear characteristics between extension and strain
4)Copper shows similar characteristics as above metals until certain temperature , as temperature increases
further, the dynamic recrystallization takes place which leads to lateral shear strain
L. Ducheˆne et al. / International Journal of Plasticity 23 (2007) 1417–1438
Figure. 2.1. Experimental extension strain as a function of shear strain for 70–30 brass (a), stainless steel (b), aluminium (c), cupro-nickel
(d), copper (e), mild-steel (f), 0.5% carbon steel (g), from Swift (1947).
3. Test Rig of Free End Torsion Effect…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 68
The effect of sample temperature during free end torsion of copper bars was analyzed experimentally.
Lengthening was observed during the torsion at room temperature and 125 LC. Lengthening followed by
shortening appeared for higher temperatures (200 LC and 300 LC), see Fig. 2.2. By analyzing the texture of the
samples at different shear strains, it appeared that the classical texture components observed during shearing
were present for the cases at room temperature and 125 LC. These texture components were responsible for the
lengthening. For the two higher temperatures, evidences of dynamic re-crystallization appeared after a critical
strain. This dynamic re-crystallization was at the origin of the shortening behavior observed during the torsion
tests at high temperatures.
The effect of the initial texture on the Swift effect was analyzed during torsion of copper wires. Different initial
textures were obtained by annealing at different temperatures. The particular texture components responsible for
the lengthening and shortening were identified.
A 7% elongation strain was reported during torsion of 304L stainless steel. This elongation strain was
obtained for a torsion induced shear strain of 2.5.
L. Ducheˆne et al. / International Journal of Plasticity 23 (2007) 1421
Fig. 2.2 Lengthening during free end torsion of copper bars at different temperatures (LC)
Several authors have developed and applied numerical models for the Swift effect prediction during torsion
simulations.
The unconstrained shear of thin walled tubes was simulated using Sachs‟ hypothesis. Effect of texture evolution
was taken into account. The effect of initial texture on the lengthening was analyzed in details by simulating the
experiences, where especially designed thin walled tubes with different strong textures were used. The strain
rate sensitivity has a very large influence on the Swift effect. It was observed that lengthening for low values of
strain rate sensitivity (m < 0.13), shortening for high values (0.167 < m < 1) and lengthening followed by
shortening for intermediate values of m.
From a numerical point of view, it is more complicated to model a cylinder than a tube. Indeed, if the wall
thickness of the tube is small enough compared to its mean radius, the analysis of a tube can be reduced to the
analysis of its mid-thickness layer. On the other hand, the radial dependency of the material state must be fully
taken into consideration for the analysis of a cylinder. Nevertheless, some research works proposed numerical
solutions for the Swift effect prediction during torsion of cylinders.
III. EXPERIMENTAL FREE END TORSION TEST RIG
Fig.3.1 shows the developed mechanism and design of free end torsion test rig which consists of base
plate, column, spur gear, chuck, bearings , worm gear, hand wheel, shaft, and test specimen.
As seen previously, the aim of this machine development was to perform free end torsion tests on test
specimens of aluminium and copper at room temperature. Other materials can also be tested on this machine.
For analysis consideration of aluminium and copper is done and results are computed of these material test
specimens. The equipment consists of a horizontal machine for torsion test, using a driving electric motor, worm
and worm gear, spur gear and pinion, a hand-wheel, a shaft that transmit the rotation to the specimen, a chuck
mechanism for holding the test specimen, base and column for support and measuring instruments.
4. Test Rig of Free End Torsion Effect…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 69
The twist angle is measured by the notations on the hand wheel. An acquisition data system is attached to the
equipment which register the values of torque in “Nm” ,the twist angle in “degree” and the length of the test
specimen in “millimeters” after twisting on which was possible to determine the longitudinal variation in the test
specimen considering different specimens of different materials. For these tests it is necessary that the specimen
be submitted to a constant twisting rate which will provide a more reliable result for the longitudinal changes.
The test specimen of copper and aluminium are taken of dimensions 10mm diameter and 100mm length. It is
held between the chuck mechanisms. It is fixed at one end while the other end is free to rotate as well as free to
move in axial direction. With the switching on of the torsion machine the test specimen is made to rotate by
giving it torsion at different angles and at different rpm to observe the changes at different conditions.The
specimen undergoes various changes, results are obtained concerning different speed and angle of twist.
Fig 3.1 Design free end torsion test
In case of aluminum specimen elongation observed and thus results observed during experimentation for
specimens of different metals are given in table 1 below.
Table:1
Shear strain Elongation
%
Materials
investigated
Up to 6 1-11 Stainless
steel,brass,
aluminum
0.2-0.3 0.4-0.8 Iron and steel
Up to 5 From 4to3 Copper
0.5 1.6 Aluminum
12 Upto 5.5 Copper at
different
temperatures
Once the results after the experimentation on different specimens are obtained, the results will be compared
with the results that were reported in the Swift effect literature. The analysis of the result with various related
parameters will be done and the relation between parameters can be drawn from it.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
In this paper, the free end torsion machine is designed successfully which helped in evaluation and getting
results regarding longitudinal length changes at various torsion rates. Thus the results of swift effect reported in
literature will be compared with the results obtained from the experimentation on this developed free end torsion
machine.
V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors acknowledge Mechanical Department of MIT College of Engineering, Pune to give us
access to Dynamics of Machines laboratory where we could carry our trials on test specimens and get some
conclusions to carry out further study and work in this area. Also the Mechanical Department of Maharashtra
Institute of Technology is acknowledged to give us access to study the torsion machine of their institution.
5. Test Rig of Free End Torsion Effect…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 70
REFERENCES
[1] Laurent Ducheˆne a, Fouad El Houdaigui b,1, Anne Marie Habraken
a.Department COBO, Royal Military Academy, Avenue de la Renaissance 30, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
b. Department ArGEnCo, Division MS2F, University of Lie`ge, Chemin des Chevreuils 1, 4000 Lie`ge, Belgium on
“Length changes and texture prediction during free end torsion test of copper bars with FEM and re-meshing Techniques.”
[2] G. Brabie
Department of Production Systems Engineering, University of Bacau, RO-5500 Bacau, Romania on “An analysis of the state of
stresses generated by torsion in twisted non-circular bars.”
[3] Jos´e Divo Bressan ∗ , Ricardo Kirchhof Unfer Centro on “Construction and validation tests of a torsion Machine.”
[4] Thomas Bo¨ hlkea,*, Albrecht Bertrama, Erhard Kremplb aOtto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Institute of
Mechanics, Postfach 4120, 39016 Magdeburg, Germany on “Modeling of deformation induced anisotropy in free end torsion.”