European nations colonized North America for both religious and economic reasons. The Dutch settled along the Hudson River, establishing New Netherland with trading posts like New Amsterdam. The French explored the St. Lawrence River and founded New France, establishing colonies along that river valley and extending as far as New Orleans through fur trading. Both competed with growing English colonies along the eastern seaboard for territory and control of the lucrative fur trade, which negatively impacted native populations through warfare, introduction of diseases, and disruption of traditional ways of life.

1. European
Coloniza.on
of
North
America
1.
What
mo.vated
Europeans
to
se<le
North
America?
2.
Where
and
why
Did
the
Dutch
and
French
se<le
in
North
America?
Textbook
Reference:
Chapter
3
Sec.on
3

2. “I
Can”
Checklist
q I
can
explain
how
differences
and
compe..on
led
to
conflict
between
European
powers
in
North
America
q I
can
iden.fy
key
individuals
who
contributed
to
explora.on
q I
can
explain
the
impact
on
Na.ve
Americans

3. Key
Terms
and
Concepts
• 1500s-­‐1600s
•
Henry
Hudson,
Samuel
de
Champlain,
Peter
Minuit,
New
France,
New
Netherland
• Northwest
Passage,
coureur
de
bois,
fur
trading,
alliance,
missionaries,
Protestant
Reforma.on,
Mar.n
Luther,
Hudson
River,
St.
Lawrence
River,
New
Orleans

4. During
the
era
of
explora.on,
the
Spanish
established
an
empire
in
North
and
South
America.
Following
Spain's
example,
England,
France,
and
the
Netherlands
set
out
to
establish
colonies
in
North
America.

5. Where
did
European
na.ons
explore
and
set
up
colonies
in
North
America?

6. England
• John
Cabot
1497
• First
to
reach
the
northern
coast
of
North
America
since
the
Vikings.
Claimed
to
have
found
a
“new-­‐found
island”
in
Asia.
• England
spends
the
rest
of
the
century
stealing
from
other
countries
ships
and
searching
for
a
northwest
passage
in
the
area
Cabot
mapped
out

7. John
Cabot

8. Northwest
Passage
• A
waterway
through
or
around
North
America
that
was
never
found.
• Eventually
Europe
started
thinking
about
profi.ng
from
the
regions
rich
natural
resources
instead
of
going
to
Asia

10. England
• Henry
Hudson
1610-­‐1611
• Leads
the
explora.on
far
north
into
what
is
now
called
Hudson
bay.
• Hudson,
his
son,
and
a
few
supporters
are
stranded
there
by
his
crew
during
a
mu.ny,
and
are
never
heard
from
again.

12. The
Netherlands
• Henry
Hudson
1609
• While
sailing
for
the
Dutch,
he
entered
New
York
Harbor
and
con.nued
to
sail
150
miles
up
what
is
now
called
the
Hudson
River

13. The
Hudson
River

15. New
Netherland
• Peter
Minuit
1626
• Bought
Manha<an
Island
from
American
Indians
and
started
a
trading
post
at
the
mouth
of
the
Hudson
River
called
New
Amsterdam.
Other
Dutch
colonists
se<led
up
and
down
the
river-­‐
the
area
was
called
New
Netherland

16. Peter
Minuit

17. New
Netherland
• New
Amsterdam
quickly
grew
into
a
busy
port
• The
Dutch
welcomed
people
from
all
over
Europe
into
their
colony
• In
1655
they
took
over
the
colony
of
New
Sweden
• The
Dutch
excelled
in
trading
and
taking
resources
such
as
.mber
and
furs
from
their
se<lements

18. New
Amsterdam

19. France
• Giovanni
da
Verrazano
1524
• An
Italian
explorer
sent
by
France.
He
is
the
first
to
navigate
and
map
the
East
coast
from
the
Carolinas
to
Canada
• Jacques
Car.er
(
kar
tee
yay)1534-­‐36
• Leads
his
crew
more
than
halfway
up
the
Canadian
river
we
now
call
the
St.
Lawrence

20. Giovanni
da
Verrazano

21. Jacques
Car.er

22. St.
Lawrence
River

23. New
France
• Samuel
de
Champlain
1605
• Founded
Port
Royal,
the
first
permanent
French
se<lement
in
North
America
• Three
years
later
he
followed
Car.er’s
route
up
the
St.
Lawrence
and
built
a
trading
post
known
as
Quebec

24. Samuel
de
Champlain

25. New
France
• Unlike
Spain’s
Empire,
New
France
had
li<le
gold
or
silver.
Instead
they
profited
from
fishing,
trapping,
and
trading
• The
French
colonists
who
lived
and
worked
in
the
woods
became
known
as
Coureurs
de
bois
(Koo
RYOOR
Duh
BWAH)
or
“runners
of
the
woods”
• These
fur
trappers
and
traders
established
friendly
rela.onships
with
American
Indians

26. New
France
• They
did
not
interfere
with
Indian
land
as
much
as
the
English
because
they
weren’t
farmers
• They
provided
American
Indians
with
valuable
European
made
goods
• The
Na.ve
Americans
taught
them
how
to
survive
and
trap
• The
beaver
skins
and
other
furs
were
sold
for
a
high
price
in
Europe
through
the
fur
trade

28. New
France
• Catholic
missionaries
olen
accompanied
the
Coureurs
de
bois
in
order
to
convert
American
Indians.
They
olen
made
maps
and
wrote
journals
and
le<ers
describing
their
journeys

29. New
Orleans
• Jacques
Marque<e
and
Louis
Joliet
1673
• A
missionary
and
a
fur
trader
followed
the
St
Lawrence
to
the
Great
Lakes
then
they
followed
the
Mississippi
river
for
more
than
700
miles
with
the
help
of
American
Indian
guides.
• New
Orleans
is
built
to
send
goods
to
Europe
and
keep
other
European
na.ons
out
of
French
territory

30. Coloniza.on,
Compe..on
and
Effects
on
Na.ve
Americans
• The
Protestant
Reforma.on:
In
1517,
Mar.n
Luther
publicly
challenged
many
of
the
prac.ces
of
the
Catholic
Church.
This
eventually
led
to
many
different
Chris.an
churches
being
formed
in
Western
Europe.
• European
na.ons
are
figh.ng
in
Europe
and
the
colonists
bring
their
religious
struggle
with
them
to
the
Americas

32. Coloniza.on,
Compe..on
and
Effects
on
Na.ve
Americans
• The
English,
Dutch
and
the
French
competed
for
land
and
domina.on
of
the
fur
trade.
• This
led
to
violent
clashes
between
them
and
their
Indian
allies
(Alliance)
• The
Huron
fought
for
the
French
and
the
Iroquois
fought
for
the
Dutch
• The
Europeans
encouraged
the
Na.ve
Americans
to
fight
each
other
• The
Beaver
popula.on
was
almost
wiped
out
in
New
York
and
parts
of
Canada

34. Effects
on
Na.ve
Americans
• European
goods
also
altered
Na.ve
American
life
in
dras.c
ways
• Alcohol,
muskets
and
gunpowder
and
copper
ke<les
• The
French,
Dutch,
and
English
all
seized
Indian
lands
• Forcing
them
to
move
westward
into
the
lands
of
other
Na.ve
Americans

36. Alcohol
and
the
Fur
Trade

38. Why
did
European
na.ons
se<le
in
North
America?

39. Religious
compe..on
Economic
compe..on

41. Where
did
European
na.ons
originally
se<le
in
North
America?

42. New
Netherlands

43. New
France
and
English
Colonies

44. From
the
Hudson
Bay
to
the
St.
Lawrence
River
in
Canada
The
Hudson
River
in
New
York
and
all
along
the
East
Coast