The document discusses technology transfer at research institutions. It outlines that the mission of universities is changing to be more entrepreneurial and focus on commercializing research. Technology transfer involves transferring knowledge from research to industry through activities like licensing, spin-offs and partnerships. While technology transfer may not generate significant revenues initially, it plays an important role in fulfilling the research mission and motivating researchers.

1. Technology Transfer Lorenzo De Michieli

2. Intro Benchmark Tech Transfer at IIT Technology Transfer

3. Intro

4. We are in the Knowledge Society No doubts:

5. The way to the competitiveness of a Nation: Be efficient in producing goods and services Be clever in producing new successful goods and services + Objective: To optimize the ratio quality / costs Objective: Create new value

6. TANGIBLES INTANGIBLES The components of a product are:

7. HIGH VALUE PRODUCTS, DIFFICULT TO IMITATE LOW VALUE PRODUCTS, EASY TO IMITATE HIGH Difficulty of copying LOW Creation of added value LOW HIGH Products to achieve

9. Causes: - General reduction in research funding mechanisms - Gov. pressure to extract value from research - Regional development mission - Immediate commercial value of results in certain fields (eg. chemicals, biotech) Consequences: - A more entrepreneurial orientation (spin-off, patents, regional development, TTOs, etc.) Evolution of University Mission

10. INNOVATION is “ the successful production, assimilation and exploitation of novelty in the economic and social spheres ” 1 1 Innovation Communication 2003, COM(2003) 112 Research generates NEW KNOWLEDGE BUT Without Technology Transfer, Finance, Industry and Policies Research ≠ Innovation Research and Innovation

11. The Innovation chain RESEARCH INDUSTRY POLICY SOCIETY FINANCE Enhancing Technology Diffusion Responding to Globalisation Promoting Networking and Clustering Building an Innovation Culture Improving Financial support programmes Innovation Policy Instruments to protect IP Instruments to transfer Technology Instrument to create new Business Training activities Seed Financing Start up financing Venture Capitals for Expansion Financing Favourable taxation level Diffusion of innovation management techniques in SMEs More investment in Research, R&D Enforce links with University/LPRIs Understand the Innovation Accept Innovation Contribute to the Innovation Process “ The EU can only become comprehensively innovative if all actors become involved”

12. Benchmarks

13. All institutions rely heavily on public funds, increasingly granted competitively to specific research programs Research funding models Donations/endowments (Scripps) Private backing of research institutions as a social responsibility initiative Private support with an exploitation agreement (option) over possible future results funding sources Funds management approach capacity funding project funding public funding private funding Contract research Strong link with industry; research based on private sponsorships to specific programs (TNO model) Public projects Strong link with Government; research influenced by public competitive funding programs (MIT model) Institutional funds Maximum autonomy –Scientific direction set independently by the institute (Max Planck model) FUNDING Scripps Caltech MIT Fraunhofer TNO LTIs Karolinska Salk VTT MD Anderson Max Planck

14. All institutions rely heavily on public funds, increasingly granted competitively to specific research programs Funding sources: detail by research organization FUNDING 100% Private contract research, own income and donations Public project funding (rational agencies, EU) Institutional funds (basic funds, revenues from endowment) other 4% 1) Assumptions: net of tuition and students financial aid; return on endowment assumed at the average value of the past years (23%); donations allocated to education and research based on the students to scientific staff ratio 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% other 4% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Public vs. private financing Institutional vs. competitive funding EU organizations US organizations EU organizations US organizations Public Private Institutional Competitive BACKUP

19. Technology Transfer at IIT

32. ‘ It’s not about money – money comes and goes. It’s not about rankings among universities or technology transfer offices – rankings go up and down. It’s not about the immediate benefits or short-term gains. Technology transfer is about taking risks and making a difference. It’s about investing in early stage, often unproven, innovations to encourage industry to develop products that will contribute to a brighter future for generations.’ OTL Stanford