Tacit knowledge is the kind of knowledge that cannot easily be documented, and can only be learnt through observations, imitations and practices etc. While knowledge can be documented (i.e. explicit knowledge) and shared across different teams relatively easily, most of the business knowledge generated in modern organisations are in fact tacit knowledge that cannot be preserved and shared easily. Sharing tacit knowledge could be particularly hard in virtual teams who work in different parts of the world, as most time the time the sharing must be done via different IT tools. This presentation explores and discusses the general factors that affect tacit knowledge sharing in virtual project teams.
Valuing, Cultivating, and Effectively Sharing Tacit Knowledge Human Capital Media
Human capital has been defined as the knowledge, skills, and experience that an employee utilizes in the workplace. One element of human capital is an individual’s tacit knowledge, or know-how, beliefs, experiences and values.
With 77 million baby boomers preparing to retire in the near future, and only 44 million Gen Xers to fill the leadership void, the organizations that effectively and purposefully collect, utilize, and disseminate the individual tacit knowledge of their workers will be more effective at achieving their organizational missions.
This webinar focuses on the value of tacit knowledge and how organizations such as Avantas, Boys Town, Caterpillar, Defense Acquisition University and the Peace Corps are successfully cultivating and sharing this knowledge.
In spirit of learning, here are slides where John Hovell (BAE) & I (Columbia) compare Knowledge Continuity (embodying knowledge for succession) and Knowledge Jam (codifying knowledge for innovation).
Describes four levels of knowledge capture: eliciting from individuals, harvesting from communities, gathering from networks, and exploring cyberspace.
Valuing, Cultivating, and Effectively Sharing Tacit Knowledge Human Capital Media
Human capital has been defined as the knowledge, skills, and experience that an employee utilizes in the workplace. One element of human capital is an individual’s tacit knowledge, or know-how, beliefs, experiences and values.
With 77 million baby boomers preparing to retire in the near future, and only 44 million Gen Xers to fill the leadership void, the organizations that effectively and purposefully collect, utilize, and disseminate the individual tacit knowledge of their workers will be more effective at achieving their organizational missions.
This webinar focuses on the value of tacit knowledge and how organizations such as Avantas, Boys Town, Caterpillar, Defense Acquisition University and the Peace Corps are successfully cultivating and sharing this knowledge.
In spirit of learning, here are slides where John Hovell (BAE) & I (Columbia) compare Knowledge Continuity (embodying knowledge for succession) and Knowledge Jam (codifying knowledge for innovation).
Describes four levels of knowledge capture: eliciting from individuals, harvesting from communities, gathering from networks, and exploring cyberspace.
Designing Learning in the Digital Age - A DiscussionMichael Coghlan
A small group discussion as part of the ongoing Webheads Learning2gether series.. Accompanying audio at http://learning2gether.posterous.com/learning2gether-with-michael-coghlan-designin
Currently, investments in research and development in Africa are about 0.6% of the global total of R&D investment, significantly lower than other regions. One of the foremost strategies to address this knowledge imbalance would be the packaging of African knowledge products in such a way that they are available and accessible on the internet. There is no doubt that Africans are producing lots of knowledge in their informal conversation as in formal engagements of varying types. This knowledge is being produced daily in villages and urban spaces, by African government officials and businesses, by students and researchers. Traditional healers are also applying indigenous knowledge to offer cures for COVID-19. Thus, the problem from an African perspective is less that of knowledge production and more one of the gathering, packaging and dissemination of the knowledge.
This training present practical tools, platforms and strategies to effectively disseminate your research results to various stakeholders. It would help you make your research visible beyond academia and create more impact in society.
The Art and Practice of Knowledge Transfer,Four Generations of Learning Styles,The Process,Methods of Transferring Knowledge,Barriers to Knowledge Transfer,Incentives to Knowledge Transfer and Benefits of Knowledge Transfer
This is my presentation from the IIM National Conference on 15 August 2007. I'm hoping to cause a little bit of a stir and push a few people out of their comfort zones.
There are three embedded videos that don't work on SlideShare. Use the URLs on the relevant pages to view the videos at YouTube.
There are a lot of slides, but the whole thing runs about 40 minutes in real life.
Modeling Framework to Support Evidence-Based DecisionsAlbert Simard
Describes a framework for modelling in a regulatory environment founded on sound scientific and knowledge management concepts. It includes 1) demand (isue-driven) and supply (model driven) approaches to modelling, 2) balancing modeler, manager, and user perspectives, 3) documentation to demonstrate due diligence, and a 700-term glossary.
Transforming The Academic Library Services For Generation Y Using Knowledge M...tulipbiru64
Paper presented by Sharifah Fahimah Saiyed Yeop at the 4th PERPUN International Conference 2015: Information Revolution, 11-12th August 2015 at Avillion Legacy Hotel, Melaka.
Designing Learning in the Digital Age - A DiscussionMichael Coghlan
A small group discussion as part of the ongoing Webheads Learning2gether series.. Accompanying audio at http://learning2gether.posterous.com/learning2gether-with-michael-coghlan-designin
Currently, investments in research and development in Africa are about 0.6% of the global total of R&D investment, significantly lower than other regions. One of the foremost strategies to address this knowledge imbalance would be the packaging of African knowledge products in such a way that they are available and accessible on the internet. There is no doubt that Africans are producing lots of knowledge in their informal conversation as in formal engagements of varying types. This knowledge is being produced daily in villages and urban spaces, by African government officials and businesses, by students and researchers. Traditional healers are also applying indigenous knowledge to offer cures for COVID-19. Thus, the problem from an African perspective is less that of knowledge production and more one of the gathering, packaging and dissemination of the knowledge.
This training present practical tools, platforms and strategies to effectively disseminate your research results to various stakeholders. It would help you make your research visible beyond academia and create more impact in society.
The Art and Practice of Knowledge Transfer,Four Generations of Learning Styles,The Process,Methods of Transferring Knowledge,Barriers to Knowledge Transfer,Incentives to Knowledge Transfer and Benefits of Knowledge Transfer
This is my presentation from the IIM National Conference on 15 August 2007. I'm hoping to cause a little bit of a stir and push a few people out of their comfort zones.
There are three embedded videos that don't work on SlideShare. Use the URLs on the relevant pages to view the videos at YouTube.
There are a lot of slides, but the whole thing runs about 40 minutes in real life.
Modeling Framework to Support Evidence-Based DecisionsAlbert Simard
Describes a framework for modelling in a regulatory environment founded on sound scientific and knowledge management concepts. It includes 1) demand (isue-driven) and supply (model driven) approaches to modelling, 2) balancing modeler, manager, and user perspectives, 3) documentation to demonstrate due diligence, and a 700-term glossary.
Transforming The Academic Library Services For Generation Y Using Knowledge M...tulipbiru64
Paper presented by Sharifah Fahimah Saiyed Yeop at the 4th PERPUN International Conference 2015: Information Revolution, 11-12th August 2015 at Avillion Legacy Hotel, Melaka.
Tell me what you want and I’ll show you what you can have: who drives design of technology for learning?
Associate Professor Sue Cobb
Interactive Technologies and Games (ITAG) Conference 2014
Health, Disability and Education
Dates: Thursday 16 October 2014 - Friday 17 October 2014
Location: The Council House, NG1 2DT, Nottingham, UK
User Experience Service showcase lightning talks - December 2018Neil Allison
The University of Edinburgh User Experience Service ran a showcase of recent projects on 5 December 2018. The session began with these lightning talks.
Mugur Mocofan - Mobile learning study cases 2015Diana Andone
Presentation of Mugur Mocofan for the Workshop "Opening Up Education", March 13, 2015, Timisoara Romania, part of Open education Week 2015
http://elearning.upt.ro/workshop-opening-up-education/n-32-70-185/d
Led by Anne Nortcliffe (ACES) and Andrew Middleton (IPD) this workshop reflected on findings from a recent survey of academic staff (n.242 responses from 1410) and ACES students (n.174 responses from ~5000) who have registered their smart phones and tablets for use on campus. In both cases respondents reported moderate to high confidence in using their devices. Both reported using the personal technologies for organising themselves, communicating using a range of media, using and creating content independently and collaboratively, storing and sharing content. The workshop considered a range of 'Apps for Learning' and how they can enhance and transform teaching and learning.
Presentation eLearning and ICT4D changing realities and challengesInge de Waard
Short presentation that was used to start a discussion on new educational technologies and approaches for ICT4D. Given for the Deutsche Welle Akademie (DW Akademie), which offers media training for journalists and activists around the world.
User Experience Showcase lightning talks - University of EdinburghNeil Allison
Lightning talk slide decks from a University of Edinburgh User Experience event held 13 October 2017. Topics: User needs, Web strategy, Digital Standards, Edinburgh Global Experience Language, Current student UX case study.
Curating an Effective Digital Research Presence - Nicola Osborne, EDINANicola Osborne
Slides from "Curating an Effective Digital Research Presence", Nicola Osborne's opening keynote for the Making Research Visible event at the University of Edinburgh Moray House School of Education on 6th June 2018. More on the event can be found at: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/making-research-visible-tickets-45238206694
Hong Kong Open Source Conference 2023 - Matter matters! A brief intro to the ...Amanda Lam
In HKOSCon 2022, we discussed how Home Assistant could help to bridge the gaps between smart home products from different camps with local control in mind. We touch-based on the emerging yet promising Matter standard that hoped to resolve a lot of the interpretability challenges of different smart home ecosystems. One year on, products that comply with the Matter standard start to appear, and Home Assistant has also evolved to provide better support for Matter products. In this session, we will discuss the Matter standard and how it works, the pros and cons of using Matter products on a particular ecosystem (Google / Apple / Amazon) versus connecting them all to Home Assistant, and how you shall plan for your investments of smart home products in the coming year.
ProductTank HK #31 - Maximizing Product Ops Efficiency with Generative AIAmanda Lam
ProductTank Hong Kong #31 - Maximizing Product Ops Efficiency with Generative AI
by Mushroom Luk and Amanda Lam
In his presentation, Mushroom will share his secrets for using generative AI tools like ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot to generate code and streamline workflows. He'll also take you on a journey through the exciting new field of text-to-image AI generation, showing you how to turn text-based descriptions into stunning visual content.
Get ready to be spellbound by the power of generative AI technology, as Mushroom demonstrates how to use these tools to create real value for your organization. Don't miss this chance to learn from the data wizard himself!
In addition, Amanda will also share her experiences in using more generative AI tools such as Bing Chat, Google Bard, Dall-E, Bing Image Generator and MidJourney etc., to tackle real life product ops problems such as user story preparation, budget and timeline estimation, slide preparations etc. This session will be based on live demo and will be interactive with the audience.
About the speakers
Introducing Mushroom Luk, the data analyst who knows as much about programming as a fish knows about tightrope walking! He's found the ultimate cheat code in life: an AI sidekick that does all the heavy lifting.
Amanda Lam is a tech enthusiast and community activist. She organizes ProductTank Hong Kong, Women Techmakers Hong Kong and HKPUG events, and is a consistent host of the weekly Cantonese tech podcast, HKPUG Podcast.
Start Building Your Smart Home With Home AssistantAmanda Lam
Home Assistant is a powerful open source smart home platform that provides hundreds of integrations of smart home and IoT devices, with high degree of customization of dashboards, event trigger rule engines and controls to achieve ultimate home automation. This session will provide a brief introduction to Home Assistant, how you can try it out on a Raspberry Pi or computer, what integrations it supports, the practical use cases it can achieve, and the resources that can help you out along the journey.
My presentation at Hong Kong Open Source Conference 2022: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwZ6Jxvi0Rk&t=8200s
Presentation deck with links: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1UlTX8kQvsK2mwuRZbVwWUgAIr5VkTUyl4Dcoq0LcqqQ/edit?usp=sharing
World Product Day 2019 / Product Tank HCMC #9: How to advocate product manage...Amanda Lam
Product Management is relatively new and unfamiliar to many company stakeholders. It has never been a major in colleges, and many people often have misconceptions that Product Managers = Project Managers, or holding a belief that digital Product Managers are just doing "IT".
Arguably, proper Product Management is vital to the longer-term sustainability of most companies. While visionary leaders with product-focused mindset are rare; we shall rely on no others but ourselves to pitch and convince upper management and key stakeholders the necessity to invest time and money into Product Management.
In this talk, we will discuss about:
- how Product Management practices can fit into the context of company strategy
- the key values that Product team drives and delivers to both external (clients / users) and internal (other departments) environments
- the processes that facilitate development of market-responsive products
There is no single formula of success, and each company should adjust and adopt its own unique ways to set up its Product team and strategy according to their talent mixes, business priority, stage of growth and competitive landscape. As such, we anticipate active dialogue and discussions among us so that we can learn our experiences from each other!
Waiting too long for Excel's VLOOKUP? Use SQLite for simple data analysis!Amanda Lam
** This workshop was conducted in the Hong Kong Open Source Conference 2017 **
Excel formulas can be quite slow when you're processing data files with thousands of rows. It's also especially difficult to maintain the files when you have some messy mixture of VLOOKUPs, Pivot Tables, Macros and VBAs.
In this interactive workshop targeted for non-coders, we will make use of SQLite, a very lightweight and portable open source database library, to perform some simple and repeatable data analysis on large datasets that are publicly available. We will also explore what you can further do with the data by using some powerful extensions of SQLite.
While SQLite may not totally replace Excel in many ways, after the workshop you will find that it can improve your work efficiency and make your life much easier in so many use cases!
Who should attend this workshop?
- If you're frustrated with the slow performance of Excel formulas when dealing with large datasets in your daily work
- No coding experience is required
Crowdfunding lessons learnt from Jolla Tablet & TOHKBDAmanda Lam
Jolla Tablet and TOHKBD (The Other Half Keyboard) are interesting products that leveraged the Indiegogo and Kickstarter crowdfunding platforms. While both teams managed to raise 3x to 6x of the original goal, both product teams encountered significant technical challenges that affect eventual delivery. What they could have done to better improve the communications with contributors? How should the public realise their roles in the crowdfunding campaign and readjust their expectations?
These slides were presented in BarCamp Hong Kong 2015 as one of the opening presentations.
Exploring the right business strategy for open source mobile platformsAmanda Lam
As presented at the Hong Kong Open Source Conference.
"As presented in the HK Open Source Conference 2015.
The mobile industry has longer been dominated by two major ecosystems. While Windows and BlackBerry are fighting for the 3rd place in global market share, newcomers such as Firefox OS, Sailfish OS, TIZEN and Ubuntu on Phones are struggling to attract market attention and traction.
By performing strategic analysis on these platforms, certain critical success factors and how open source could help are identified and discussed."
Collaborative product development in F/OSS projectsAmanda Lam
Successful F/OSS projects rely on effective collaborative product development processes. In this presentation we will briefly discuss about the key success factors of software projects - namely product management, programme and project management, User Experience (e.g. usability research, interaction and visual design), stakeholder management and launch management etc., and how they can relate to F/OSS projects as well.
In this presentation, we will also talk about the cultural differences and challenges across virtual teams, factors affecting knowledge sharing, gender-bias in F/OSS communities and other human behavioural challenges that make F/OSS projects particular more difficult to manage than other non-F/OSS projects.
This presentation was presented in the Hong Kong Open Source Conference held on Oct 19, 2013.
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qW5UlYmYcaI
An introduction to the cryptocurrency investment platform Binance Savings.Any kyc Account
Learn how to use Binance Savings to expand your bitcoin holdings. Discover how to maximize your earnings on one of the most reliable cryptocurrency exchange platforms, as well as how to earn interest on your cryptocurrency holdings and the various savings choices available.
Building Your Employer Brand with Social MediaLuanWise
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirementsuae taxgpt
Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
https://viralsocialtrends.com/vat-registration-outlined-in-uae/
B2B payments are rapidly changing. Find out the 5 key questions you need to be asking yourself to be sure you are mastering B2B payments today. Learn more at www.BlueSnap.com.
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
2. • Product Manager at jobsDB
• Product management experience:
• jobsDB job seeker features on desktop site, mobile sites and
apps
• Android app for CJOL
• Self-service job ad posting service
• BEng Computer Systems Engineering, University of Warwick
• MSc Programme and Project Management, University of Warwick
(graduate in 2015)
Who is Amanda?
2
6. Product launch
preparation meeting
So what should we do next?We need your help to align with
your Marketing team to execute
this marketing plan…
Are they really listening?
Hmm, at least they still
ask… that's not too bad!
Q&A session
6
8. After the meeting…
Hi I have seen your marketing promotion page draft. It seems that its message tone and page
design do not align with our current branding guidelines.
Conversations on Microsoft Lync…
Product Manager
Oh? Which parts are not okay?
Marketing
Manager
Let me send you Singapore’s example…
Product Manager
11:35am
11:36am
11:36am
11:37am
I see. So what are your suggestions?
Marketing
Manager
11:37am
Can I call you now and show you my screen to explain further?
Product Manager
11:38am
Sure.
Marketing
Manager
11:38am
8
9. What are the insights of this story?
• Before the meeting, we've sent the country product representatives
an email with document attached, but they still don't understand
what are we saying!
• Having a teleconference with international virtual team members is
a tiring experience, because:
• We can't see each others' immediate response, not sure if they
understand or not
• We have different cultural background and English standards
• In order to maintain the order of the meeting, meeting is
dominated by Hong Kong headquarters, and hence lack of
interactivity.
9
10. • Using an Instant Messenging system (e.g. Microsoft Lync in sthe story) for
follow-up helps abstract knowledge sharing, because:
• The tool supports individual conversations, and supports instant
transferring of documents and images etc. This encourages frequent
bidirectional interactions
• The tool supports screen sharing and voice conversations,
and this lets knowledge receivers observe your real-time demonstration,
and this helps them understand abstract knowledge more
• However, using a single tool has its own constraints, e.g.
• If the email and the meeting didn't exist, and everything just rely on the
Microsoft Lync conversations, the Thailand Marketing Manager may need
more time to really understand our requirements
• Therefore using multiple tools at different context concurrently can help
complementing the weaknesses of tools. 10
What are the insights of this story?
12. • Facts and theories that are easily to learn.
• Describable in words, the “know-what” aspect of the knowledge. Commonly
seen in prints, electronic media, documents, blueprints, manuals or patents.
• Knowledge that are open, conscious, logical, structural and directly shareable.
What is explicit knowledge?
Courtesy: Flickr
(Grant 1996, Smith 2001, Nonaka 1994, Wong, Radcliffe 2000, Kikoski, Kikoski 2004)
12
13. • Know-how knowledge that cannot be easily documented, and learning it
often requires observations and practices.
• Can be learnt through imitation, face-to-face interactions, best practices,
knacks and special techniques.
• Knowledge that is personal, abstract, unconscious, illogical; and sharing such
knowledge is often unstructured and indirect.
What is tacit knowledge?
Courtesy: Wikipedia Commons
(Grant 1996, Smith 2001, Choo 2000, Wong, Radcliffe 2000, Athanassiou, Nigh 2000, Smith 2001, Kikoski, Kikoski 2004)
13
14. • Driving, sports (swimming, ball games, ice skating)
• Handcrafts and art creation techniques
• Fashion tastes
• Technical techniques, e.g. coding best practices
• Interpersonal skills
• Instincts of problem identification
• Grabbing insights from data
Examples of tacit knowledge
Courtesy: Flickr、
Wikipedia Commons
14
15. The SECI Knowledge Conversion Model (Nonaka et al. 2000)
Learn more
about the
products
through IM or
face-to-face
interactions
Product
manager
prepares the
document
Product launch
manager
combines and
summarise
documents
from several
product
managers.
Country
product
representatives
listen to what
HK office
shared in the
meeting.
Conversions between
Explicit knowledge and Tacit knowledge
15
Socialisation
Learn through
interpersonal
relationship
Externalisation
Able to explain the
knowledge explicitly
Internalisation
Learn the generalised
knowledge and keep it
ingrained in mind
Combination
Linking, organising and
generalising multiple
sources of information
Tacit
TacitTacit
Explicit
Tacit
ExplicitExplicit
Explicit
16. • Tacit knowledge cannot be documented
easily
• Tacit knowledge must be learnt through
lengthy observations, practices, thinking
and figuring out processes
• Existing knowledge management tools
are biased to explicit knowledge sharing
• Knowledge sharers and receivers cannot
express and observe on IT tools for a
prolonged period
Why sharing tacit knowledge in
virtual teams is so difficult?
Courtesy: Wikipedia Commons
16
17. • Whether Tacit knowledge is…
• codifiable
• complex
• informative
• relevant to knowledge receivers
• Knowledge sharers and receivers:
• Are mutually trusted
• Interact frequently
• Perceive that the knowledge sharing is fair
• Have adequate time for knowledge sharing
• Use the approriate tools
Factors affecting sharing of tacit knowledge
(Hendriks 1999, Gertler 2003, Kearns, Lederer 2003, Zakaria et al. 2004, Cho, Lee 2004, Lin 2007a, Lin 2007b , Ryan, O'Connor 2009, Seidler-de Alwis, Trkman,
Trkman 2009 , Hartmann 2008, Li 2010, Tohidinia, Mosakhani 2010, Xue et al. 2011, Chow 2011)
Courtesy: Wikipedia Commons
17
18. • Knowledge sharers’…
• Teaching techniques
• Language and culture background
aligns with knowledge receivers
• Knowledge receivers’…
• personal background and context
• absorptive capacity
• language and culture background
matches with knowledge sharers
(Hendriks 1999, Gertler 2003, Kearns, Lederer 2003, Zakaria et al. 2004, Cho, Lee 2004, Lin 2007a, Lin 2007b , Ryan, O'Connor 2009, Seidler-de Alwis, Trkman,
Trkman 2009 , Hartmann 2008, Li 2010, Tohidinia, Mosakhani 2010, Xue et al. 2011, Chow 2011)
图片来源:Open Source Hong Kong
18
Factors affecting sharing of tacit knowledge
19. • Organisational culture and policies
• Clear knowledge sharing objectives
• Management endorsement
• Organisational structures, departmental
independence and relationships
• Rewarding policies
• Office politics and culture
(Hendriks 1999, Gertler 2003, Kearns, Lederer 2003, Zakaria et al. 2004, Cho, Lee 2004, Lin 2007a, Lin 2007b , Ryan, O'Connor 2009, Seidler-de Alwis, Trkman,
Trkman 2009 , Hartmann 2008, Li 2010, Tohidinia, Mosakhani 2010, Xue et al. 2011, Chow 2011)
Courtesy: Amanda Lam @ jobsDB
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Factors affecting sharing of tacit knowledge
20. Our research
Exploring factors affecting the use of IT tools in tacit knowledge
sharing for virtual project team in an international collaborative
product development environment
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21. • Multi-methods Exploratory Case Study approach
(Yin 2008)
• Repertory Grid Technique,
a elicitation technique from psychology
• Data collection methods
• Face-to-face interactions
• Surveys
Feel free to participate!
https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/TJSF36D (English)
https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/PJ6G967 (中文)
Methodology
Courtesy: SAGE
Publications
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24. How to share tacit knowledge in virtual
teams effectively via IT tools?
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25. Factors that affect tacit knowledge sharing
are also applicable to virtual teams
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26. • Most people use a mixture of new (e.g. WhatsApp) and traditional tools (e.g.
phone)
• Traditional and new tools complement each other
• Traditional tools have strengths in popularity
• New tools support better bidirectional interactions, which benefits tacit
knowledge sharing
How social networking tools influence
people sharing tacit knowledge?
Courtesy: Microsoft, WhatsApp, Skype
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27. • In the world of knowledge management, tacit knowledge is just a tip
of the iceberg. Most knowledge are tacit knowledge that cannot be
preserved easily
• The research findings helps management to:
• Formulate better communication strategies for virtual teams
• Better leverage IT tools to preserve tacit knowledge
• Coordinate with resource planning and personnel training
• As a result, promotes overall sharing efficiency and effectiveness to
achieve a better competitive advantage
Management implications of this research
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