This document describes the synthesis and characterization of a Schiff base ligand and its complexes with various metal ions. The ligand (HL) was prepared in two steps by reacting 3-aminoacetophenone with hydrazine monohydrate to form an intermediate, which was then reacted with salicylaldehyde. The ligand was characterized using various techniques. The metal complexes were prepared by reacting the ligand with metal chlorides in a 1:1 molar ratio. The complexes were characterized using techniques such as elemental analysis, conductivity, IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Based on the data, the complexes were found to have tetrahedral geometry except for the nickel complex which was square planar.
The document describes the synthesis of Schiff base ligands derived from citral and valine and their complexes with Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II). The structures of the complexes were characterized using IR, UV-vis, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes were proposed to have distorted octahedral geometry while the Co(II) complex had square-based pyramidal geometry. Antimicrobial testing showed that the metal complexes had higher activity than the free ligand, with the Co(II) complex being most active.
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of new Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes. It describes the synthesis of five Schiff base ligands derived from substituted benzaldehydes and anilines using the reflux method. Copper and nickel complexes were formed from two of the ligands. The ligands and complexes were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, which showed shifts in the C=N and C-O peaks upon complexation. The research aims to synthesize new Schiff bases and their Cu2+ and Ni2+ complexes and characterize them using IR spectroscopy to determine the coordination sites.
1. The document describes the synthesis and characterization of novel Schiff base ligands and their transition metal complexes.
2. Several heterocyclic aldehydes and aniline derivatives were synthesized and used to prepare Schiff bases. These include Schiff bases derived from 4-methylumbelliferone and N-methylpropane-1,3-diamine.
3. The Schiff bases were characterized using analytical techniques like NMR, MS and IR spectroscopy. They were then used to prepare transition metal complexes which will be explored for potential biological activities.
Schiff base is a compound formed by the condensation reaction of a carbonyl group with a primary amine. The document discusses various methods for preparing Schiff base ligands and complexes, and techniques for characterizing them including UV-visible spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, NMR, EPR, mass spectrometry, TGA/DTA, and elemental analysis. Schiff base ligands and their complexes have applications in areas like biology, catalysis, materials science, and more.
A detailed study of Transition Metal Complexes of a Schiff base with its Phys...Abhishek Ghara
The many activities of metal ions in biology have stimulated the development of metal based therapeutics. It has been found that biologically active compounds become more effective and bacteriostatic upon chelation with metal ions also the biological activity of many drugs has been shown to be enhanced on complexing with metal ions, hence promoting their use in Pharmacology. The present work deals with the synthesis of metal complexes derived from a novel Schiff base drug synthesized from urea and salicylaldehyde and its physico-chemical analysis to find out ligand- metal ratio of this complex in solution. For the structure elucidation of these complexes “Monovariation method (Mole ratio method/ Yoe-Jones Method)” has been used to ascertain the ligand-metal ratio in the complex. The stability constant of the formed complex was calculated by molar conductance measurement using Modified Job’s method (Method of Continuous Variations). The analysis has been carried out using conductometry. To confirm metal-ligand ratio, conductometric titrations were carried out at room temperature using analytical grade metal salts. Titrations were carried out with “systronics conductivity-meter” using dip type conductivity cell having cell constant 1 at room temperature.
The document discusses two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D NMR). 2D NMR provides more structural information about molecules than 1D NMR. There are several types of 2D NMR experiments that provide different information, including COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, and NOESY. These experiments establish correlations between nuclei that are directly bonded or spatially close. 2D NMR is useful for determining molecular structures, especially of complex biomolecules like proteins.
Synthesis of schiff base complexes and their biological studies presentationShafqat Ali
The document discusses the synthesis of Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes, and characterization of the compounds. It then examines the biological activities of some complexes, including their ability to interact with DNA through intercalation, and inhibition of fungal growth through antifungal testing. The goal was to enhance knowledge of Schiff base metal complexes and investigate their potential biological applications.
The document presents an M.O. diagram for the [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex. It shows the metal (Co3+) orbitals interacting with the ligand (NH3) orbitals to form molecular orbitals. The Co3+ has a 3d6, 4s0 electronic configuration. The six ammonia ligands each contribute 2 sigma electrons, for a total of 12 ligand electrons. These interact with the metal orbitals to form the molecular orbital diagram shown, with no pi interactions included.
The document describes the synthesis of Schiff base ligands derived from citral and valine and their complexes with Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II). The structures of the complexes were characterized using IR, UV-vis, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes were proposed to have distorted octahedral geometry while the Co(II) complex had square-based pyramidal geometry. Antimicrobial testing showed that the metal complexes had higher activity than the free ligand, with the Co(II) complex being most active.
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of new Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes. It describes the synthesis of five Schiff base ligands derived from substituted benzaldehydes and anilines using the reflux method. Copper and nickel complexes were formed from two of the ligands. The ligands and complexes were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, which showed shifts in the C=N and C-O peaks upon complexation. The research aims to synthesize new Schiff bases and their Cu2+ and Ni2+ complexes and characterize them using IR spectroscopy to determine the coordination sites.
1. The document describes the synthesis and characterization of novel Schiff base ligands and their transition metal complexes.
2. Several heterocyclic aldehydes and aniline derivatives were synthesized and used to prepare Schiff bases. These include Schiff bases derived from 4-methylumbelliferone and N-methylpropane-1,3-diamine.
3. The Schiff bases were characterized using analytical techniques like NMR, MS and IR spectroscopy. They were then used to prepare transition metal complexes which will be explored for potential biological activities.
Schiff base is a compound formed by the condensation reaction of a carbonyl group with a primary amine. The document discusses various methods for preparing Schiff base ligands and complexes, and techniques for characterizing them including UV-visible spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, NMR, EPR, mass spectrometry, TGA/DTA, and elemental analysis. Schiff base ligands and their complexes have applications in areas like biology, catalysis, materials science, and more.
A detailed study of Transition Metal Complexes of a Schiff base with its Phys...Abhishek Ghara
The many activities of metal ions in biology have stimulated the development of metal based therapeutics. It has been found that biologically active compounds become more effective and bacteriostatic upon chelation with metal ions also the biological activity of many drugs has been shown to be enhanced on complexing with metal ions, hence promoting their use in Pharmacology. The present work deals with the synthesis of metal complexes derived from a novel Schiff base drug synthesized from urea and salicylaldehyde and its physico-chemical analysis to find out ligand- metal ratio of this complex in solution. For the structure elucidation of these complexes “Monovariation method (Mole ratio method/ Yoe-Jones Method)” has been used to ascertain the ligand-metal ratio in the complex. The stability constant of the formed complex was calculated by molar conductance measurement using Modified Job’s method (Method of Continuous Variations). The analysis has been carried out using conductometry. To confirm metal-ligand ratio, conductometric titrations were carried out at room temperature using analytical grade metal salts. Titrations were carried out with “systronics conductivity-meter” using dip type conductivity cell having cell constant 1 at room temperature.
The document discusses two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D NMR). 2D NMR provides more structural information about molecules than 1D NMR. There are several types of 2D NMR experiments that provide different information, including COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, and NOESY. These experiments establish correlations between nuclei that are directly bonded or spatially close. 2D NMR is useful for determining molecular structures, especially of complex biomolecules like proteins.
Synthesis of schiff base complexes and their biological studies presentationShafqat Ali
The document discusses the synthesis of Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes, and characterization of the compounds. It then examines the biological activities of some complexes, including their ability to interact with DNA through intercalation, and inhibition of fungal growth through antifungal testing. The goal was to enhance knowledge of Schiff base metal complexes and investigate their potential biological applications.
The document presents an M.O. diagram for the [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex. It shows the metal (Co3+) orbitals interacting with the ligand (NH3) orbitals to form molecular orbitals. The Co3+ has a 3d6, 4s0 electronic configuration. The six ammonia ligands each contribute 2 sigma electrons, for a total of 12 ligand electrons. These interact with the metal orbitals to form the molecular orbital diagram shown, with no pi interactions included.
what is metal allyl complex
what is the definition of metal allyl complex
what are synthesis of metal allyl complex
what are reaction of metal allyl complex
summary of metal allyl complex
The document provides information about Schiff bases:
- Schiff bases are organic compounds formed by the condensation of carbonyl compounds with primary amines, first reported in 1864.
- There are several methods for synthesizing Schiff bases, including microwave, reflux, stirring, and grinding methods. Spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, UV-Vis, and X-ray spectroscopy are used to characterize Schiff bases and their complexes.
- Schiff bases have applications in coordination chemistry and as intermediates in organic synthesis. They also show biological activities like antimicrobial and anticancer properties.
Nickel(II) reacts with dimethylglyoxime [C4H6(NOH)2] to form a coordination complex. The formation of the red chelate occurs quantitatively in an aqueous solution at pH 5 to 9. Usually, citric acid is added to lower the interference of iron
This document discusses organometallic chemistry and is presented by Dr. Manju Sebastian. It describes the classification of organometallic compounds based on the type of metal-carbon bond formed. The classifications include ionic compounds, compounds with sigma bonds, compounds with pi bonds, and compounds with multicenter bonds. Examples are provided for each classification. Additional topics covered include carbonyl complexes, ferrocene, applications of organometallics as catalysts including the Ziegler-Natta and Wilkinson catalysts.
Metal organic Frameworks for sensor applicationABHISHEK KATOCH
This document summarizes a student's research project on synthesizing and characterizing transition metal-based metal-organic frameworks for sensor applications. The student synthesized MOF-5 and nickel-doped MOF-5 at various concentrations using a solvothermal method. Characterization using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence showed the materials maintained their crystalline structure and porous nature after doping. Testing showed the materials were responsive to NO2 gas, indicating potential for sensor applications. Future work could aim to improve sensitivity, selectivity, and response time for detecting harmful gases.
Non-heme oxygen carrier proteins, Hemocyanin, Copper containing metalloprotein, Active site of deoxyhemocyanin and oxyhemocyanin, Oxidative addition of dioxygen, peroxide bridging, antiferromagnetic, Hemerythrin, Active site structure of deoxyhemerythrin and oxyhemerythrin, Comparison between hemoglobin, hemerythrin and hemocyanin
This document discusses the synthon approach to retrosynthetic analysis in organic synthesis. It defines key terms like disconnection, synthon, and functional group interconversion. The document outlines basic rules for disconnection, such as generating stable fragments and minimizing the number of fragments. It provides guidelines for good retrosynthesis and discusses the use of synthons in the multi-step synthesis of benzocaine from toluene as an example.
Iron oxide nanoparticles by Dr. Ronit Sharma (Best Slides Ever)Ronit Rvan
This document discusses the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles. It describes co-precipitation as the most common method, which involves mixing ferric and ferrous ions in a strongly basic solution. The size, shape and composition of the nanoparticles depends on factors like the type of salts used, the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, pH, and ionic strength of the media. As an example, the document outlines a procedure where FeCl2.4H2O is added to heated water and stirred, then ammonium hydroxide is slowly added to precipitate Fe2O3 nanoparticles.
MOF is a new class of material with lots of opportunity for future work. It is a coordination compound. Obviously MOF is a attractive subject for a group of researcher.
This document outlines a graduate program on mass spectral analysis of alcohols, phenols, and ethers. It discusses the objectives to introduce mass spectroscopy, principles, functions, ionization techniques, and fragmentation patterns of various compounds. Specifically, it describes how primary, secondary, tertiary, and cyclic alcohols can be differentiated by their mass spectrometry peaks. It also examines the fragmentation of aromatic alcohols, phenols, and various types of ethers including aliphatic and aromatic ethers. The summary provides key differences in molecular ion peaks and fragmentation patterns between these compound classes.
This document discusses organophosphorus compounds, which contain carbon-phosphorus bonds. It provides an overview of different classes of organophosphorus compounds such as phosphines, phosphonium salts, phosphine oxides, and their properties. It also summarizes some important reactions of phosphines including nucleophilic substitution, Staudinger reduction, and Mitsunobu reaction. Methods for synthesizing phosphines like the reaction of organometallic reagents with phosphorus halides are also briefly outlined.
This document presents information on the Tanabe-Sugano diagram, which is used in coordination chemistry to predict absorptions in the UV-visible and IR spectra of coordination compounds. It was developed by Yukito Tanabe and Satoru Sugano in 1954 to explain the absorption spectra of octahedral complex ions. The diagram plots orbital energy as a function of the Racah parameter B versus the ligand field splitting parameter Δo/B. It can be used to determine the ordering of electronic states and predict possible electronic transitions based on parameters like Δo, Racah parameters B and C, symmetry rules, and term symbols of electronic configurations. The diagram has advantages over earlier Orgel diagrams in that it can be applied to
Reserpine is a compound isolated from the plant Rauwolfia serpentina that was used in traditional medicine. In the 1950s, researchers at the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore worked to determine reserpine's chemical structure. They discovered that reserpine has an indole alkaloid structure consisting of a pentacyclic ring system with an indole moiety and several side chains.
This document summarizes a conference on nanoparticles organized by Ashoka Institute of Technology and Management. It discusses nanoparticles and their properties, various synthesis methods for gold and silver nanoparticles including chemical, physical and biological methods, characterization techniques, and applications in drug delivery, biomedical uses, and challenges including instability, impurities, and toxicity.
This document summarizes the green synthesis of silver nanorods and wires using plant extracts from Zoysia japonica lawn grass, Azadarichta indica neem leaves, and Prunus dulcis almond. The aim was to produce silver nanoparticles using these plant extracts as reducing agents. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by adding plant extracts to a silver nitrate solution and incubating for 24 hours, resulting in color changes. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, which showed absorption peaks varying between 300-500 nm depending on the plant extract used. Further analysis using techniques like iodometric titration, TEM, and FTIR were proposed to understand stabilization and structure of the synthesized silver nanoparticles.
This document discusses symmetry elements and symmetry operations in group theory and chemistry. It defines the key symmetry elements - identity (E), proper rotation axes (Cn), mirror planes (σ), inversion centers (i), and improper rotation axes (Sn). It provides examples of how these elements apply to common molecular structures like water, methane, benzene, and transition metal complexes. The document also explains the different types of mirror planes and how the symmetry operations are generated from each element.
Microwave assisted synthesis is a green chemistry approach that uses microwave irradiation to accelerate chemical reactions. It has several advantages over traditional heating methods, such as faster reaction times, higher product purity, and lower energy usage. Microwaves work by causing polarization and ionic conduction in polar solvents and reagents, quickly generating heat. Common applications include coupling reactions like Suzuki, Heck, and Negishi reactions. SiC microwave vessels are preferable to Pyrex as they absorb microwaves more efficiently and allow for better temperature control of exothermic reactions.
The document discusses character tables and symmetry operations in molecules. It provides examples of determining the point groups and irreducible representations of molecules like water. Character tables are used to predict molecular vibrations that will be active in infrared and Raman spectra. The document also discusses how group theory can be applied to determine hybridization of orbitals and molecular orbitals. Key applications of group theory covered are predicting vibrational modes, hybrid orbitals, and molecular orbitals of different symmetry.
Crown ethers are cyclic chemical compounds consisting of a ring containing several ether groups. Common crown ethers include tetramer, pentamer, and hexamer of ethylene oxide. The term "crown" refers to their resemblance to a crown sitting on a person's head when bound to a cation. Crown ethers have applications in synthesis such as esterification and aromatic substitution reactions. They also have analytical applications such as determination of metals in geological samples and use as phase transfer catalysts.
Protection and deprotection of carboxylic acidShivam Sharma
This document discusses the protection and deprotection of carboxylic acid groups through the formation and cleavage of various ester derivatives. It provides examples of common protecting groups used such as methyl, t-butyl, allyl, and silyl esters. Methods for both the formation and cleavage of these ester derivatives are presented, along with their reaction conditions and typical yields. The document serves as a guide for protecting and deprotecting carboxylic acid groups in organic synthesis reactions.
METALLO - BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AS POTENTIAL NOVEL ANTICANCER THERAPYijac123
Mono and bi-organometallic complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) and Ag(I) complexes with
oxaloamide ligand has much potential as therapeutic and diagnostic agents. The ligand allows the
thermodynamic and kinetic reactivity of the metal ion to be controlled and also provide a scaffold for
functionalization. Specific examples involving the design of metal complexes as anticancer agents are
discussed. These complexes have been synthesized and characterized by (1H-NMR, mass, IR, UV-VIS,
ESR) spectra, magnetic moments and conductance measurements, elemental and thermal analyses. Molar
conductances in DMF solution indicates that, the complexes are non-electrolytes. The ESR spectra of solid
Cu(II) complexes (2-5) show an axial type indicating a d(X2-y2) ground state with a significant covalent
bond character. However, Mn(II) complex(9), shows an isotropic type indicating an octahedral geometry.
Cytotoxic evolution IC50 of the ligand and its complexes have been carried out. Cu(II) Complexes show
enhanced activity in comparison to the parent ligand or standard drug. Copper is enriched in various
human cancer tissues and is a co-factor essential for tumor angiogenesis processes. However, the use of
copper binding ligand to target tumor, copper could provide a novel strategy for cancer selective
treatment.
Synthesis and characterization of some metal complexes of 2- Phenyl-3,4-dihyd...IOSRJAC
2-Phenyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-acetic acid (L1) metal complexes with Mn2+ , Co2+, Ni2+ Cu2+ , and Zn2+ ions were studied and the structure of the complexes were elucidated using elemental analyses, infrared (IR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic moment and thermal analysis measurements. Besides the characterization of complexes by physicochemical technique, Biological activities of the synthesized complexes were examined against some microbial strains for evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities.
what is metal allyl complex
what is the definition of metal allyl complex
what are synthesis of metal allyl complex
what are reaction of metal allyl complex
summary of metal allyl complex
The document provides information about Schiff bases:
- Schiff bases are organic compounds formed by the condensation of carbonyl compounds with primary amines, first reported in 1864.
- There are several methods for synthesizing Schiff bases, including microwave, reflux, stirring, and grinding methods. Spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, UV-Vis, and X-ray spectroscopy are used to characterize Schiff bases and their complexes.
- Schiff bases have applications in coordination chemistry and as intermediates in organic synthesis. They also show biological activities like antimicrobial and anticancer properties.
Nickel(II) reacts with dimethylglyoxime [C4H6(NOH)2] to form a coordination complex. The formation of the red chelate occurs quantitatively in an aqueous solution at pH 5 to 9. Usually, citric acid is added to lower the interference of iron
This document discusses organometallic chemistry and is presented by Dr. Manju Sebastian. It describes the classification of organometallic compounds based on the type of metal-carbon bond formed. The classifications include ionic compounds, compounds with sigma bonds, compounds with pi bonds, and compounds with multicenter bonds. Examples are provided for each classification. Additional topics covered include carbonyl complexes, ferrocene, applications of organometallics as catalysts including the Ziegler-Natta and Wilkinson catalysts.
Metal organic Frameworks for sensor applicationABHISHEK KATOCH
This document summarizes a student's research project on synthesizing and characterizing transition metal-based metal-organic frameworks for sensor applications. The student synthesized MOF-5 and nickel-doped MOF-5 at various concentrations using a solvothermal method. Characterization using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence showed the materials maintained their crystalline structure and porous nature after doping. Testing showed the materials were responsive to NO2 gas, indicating potential for sensor applications. Future work could aim to improve sensitivity, selectivity, and response time for detecting harmful gases.
Non-heme oxygen carrier proteins, Hemocyanin, Copper containing metalloprotein, Active site of deoxyhemocyanin and oxyhemocyanin, Oxidative addition of dioxygen, peroxide bridging, antiferromagnetic, Hemerythrin, Active site structure of deoxyhemerythrin and oxyhemerythrin, Comparison between hemoglobin, hemerythrin and hemocyanin
This document discusses the synthon approach to retrosynthetic analysis in organic synthesis. It defines key terms like disconnection, synthon, and functional group interconversion. The document outlines basic rules for disconnection, such as generating stable fragments and minimizing the number of fragments. It provides guidelines for good retrosynthesis and discusses the use of synthons in the multi-step synthesis of benzocaine from toluene as an example.
Iron oxide nanoparticles by Dr. Ronit Sharma (Best Slides Ever)Ronit Rvan
This document discusses the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles. It describes co-precipitation as the most common method, which involves mixing ferric and ferrous ions in a strongly basic solution. The size, shape and composition of the nanoparticles depends on factors like the type of salts used, the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio, pH, and ionic strength of the media. As an example, the document outlines a procedure where FeCl2.4H2O is added to heated water and stirred, then ammonium hydroxide is slowly added to precipitate Fe2O3 nanoparticles.
MOF is a new class of material with lots of opportunity for future work. It is a coordination compound. Obviously MOF is a attractive subject for a group of researcher.
This document outlines a graduate program on mass spectral analysis of alcohols, phenols, and ethers. It discusses the objectives to introduce mass spectroscopy, principles, functions, ionization techniques, and fragmentation patterns of various compounds. Specifically, it describes how primary, secondary, tertiary, and cyclic alcohols can be differentiated by their mass spectrometry peaks. It also examines the fragmentation of aromatic alcohols, phenols, and various types of ethers including aliphatic and aromatic ethers. The summary provides key differences in molecular ion peaks and fragmentation patterns between these compound classes.
This document discusses organophosphorus compounds, which contain carbon-phosphorus bonds. It provides an overview of different classes of organophosphorus compounds such as phosphines, phosphonium salts, phosphine oxides, and their properties. It also summarizes some important reactions of phosphines including nucleophilic substitution, Staudinger reduction, and Mitsunobu reaction. Methods for synthesizing phosphines like the reaction of organometallic reagents with phosphorus halides are also briefly outlined.
This document presents information on the Tanabe-Sugano diagram, which is used in coordination chemistry to predict absorptions in the UV-visible and IR spectra of coordination compounds. It was developed by Yukito Tanabe and Satoru Sugano in 1954 to explain the absorption spectra of octahedral complex ions. The diagram plots orbital energy as a function of the Racah parameter B versus the ligand field splitting parameter Δo/B. It can be used to determine the ordering of electronic states and predict possible electronic transitions based on parameters like Δo, Racah parameters B and C, symmetry rules, and term symbols of electronic configurations. The diagram has advantages over earlier Orgel diagrams in that it can be applied to
Reserpine is a compound isolated from the plant Rauwolfia serpentina that was used in traditional medicine. In the 1950s, researchers at the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore worked to determine reserpine's chemical structure. They discovered that reserpine has an indole alkaloid structure consisting of a pentacyclic ring system with an indole moiety and several side chains.
This document summarizes a conference on nanoparticles organized by Ashoka Institute of Technology and Management. It discusses nanoparticles and their properties, various synthesis methods for gold and silver nanoparticles including chemical, physical and biological methods, characterization techniques, and applications in drug delivery, biomedical uses, and challenges including instability, impurities, and toxicity.
This document summarizes the green synthesis of silver nanorods and wires using plant extracts from Zoysia japonica lawn grass, Azadarichta indica neem leaves, and Prunus dulcis almond. The aim was to produce silver nanoparticles using these plant extracts as reducing agents. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by adding plant extracts to a silver nitrate solution and incubating for 24 hours, resulting in color changes. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, which showed absorption peaks varying between 300-500 nm depending on the plant extract used. Further analysis using techniques like iodometric titration, TEM, and FTIR were proposed to understand stabilization and structure of the synthesized silver nanoparticles.
This document discusses symmetry elements and symmetry operations in group theory and chemistry. It defines the key symmetry elements - identity (E), proper rotation axes (Cn), mirror planes (σ), inversion centers (i), and improper rotation axes (Sn). It provides examples of how these elements apply to common molecular structures like water, methane, benzene, and transition metal complexes. The document also explains the different types of mirror planes and how the symmetry operations are generated from each element.
Microwave assisted synthesis is a green chemistry approach that uses microwave irradiation to accelerate chemical reactions. It has several advantages over traditional heating methods, such as faster reaction times, higher product purity, and lower energy usage. Microwaves work by causing polarization and ionic conduction in polar solvents and reagents, quickly generating heat. Common applications include coupling reactions like Suzuki, Heck, and Negishi reactions. SiC microwave vessels are preferable to Pyrex as they absorb microwaves more efficiently and allow for better temperature control of exothermic reactions.
The document discusses character tables and symmetry operations in molecules. It provides examples of determining the point groups and irreducible representations of molecules like water. Character tables are used to predict molecular vibrations that will be active in infrared and Raman spectra. The document also discusses how group theory can be applied to determine hybridization of orbitals and molecular orbitals. Key applications of group theory covered are predicting vibrational modes, hybrid orbitals, and molecular orbitals of different symmetry.
Crown ethers are cyclic chemical compounds consisting of a ring containing several ether groups. Common crown ethers include tetramer, pentamer, and hexamer of ethylene oxide. The term "crown" refers to their resemblance to a crown sitting on a person's head when bound to a cation. Crown ethers have applications in synthesis such as esterification and aromatic substitution reactions. They also have analytical applications such as determination of metals in geological samples and use as phase transfer catalysts.
Protection and deprotection of carboxylic acidShivam Sharma
This document discusses the protection and deprotection of carboxylic acid groups through the formation and cleavage of various ester derivatives. It provides examples of common protecting groups used such as methyl, t-butyl, allyl, and silyl esters. Methods for both the formation and cleavage of these ester derivatives are presented, along with their reaction conditions and typical yields. The document serves as a guide for protecting and deprotecting carboxylic acid groups in organic synthesis reactions.
METALLO - BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AS POTENTIAL NOVEL ANTICANCER THERAPYijac123
Mono and bi-organometallic complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) and Ag(I) complexes with
oxaloamide ligand has much potential as therapeutic and diagnostic agents. The ligand allows the
thermodynamic and kinetic reactivity of the metal ion to be controlled and also provide a scaffold for
functionalization. Specific examples involving the design of metal complexes as anticancer agents are
discussed. These complexes have been synthesized and characterized by (1H-NMR, mass, IR, UV-VIS,
ESR) spectra, magnetic moments and conductance measurements, elemental and thermal analyses. Molar
conductances in DMF solution indicates that, the complexes are non-electrolytes. The ESR spectra of solid
Cu(II) complexes (2-5) show an axial type indicating a d(X2-y2) ground state with a significant covalent
bond character. However, Mn(II) complex(9), shows an isotropic type indicating an octahedral geometry.
Cytotoxic evolution IC50 of the ligand and its complexes have been carried out. Cu(II) Complexes show
enhanced activity in comparison to the parent ligand or standard drug. Copper is enriched in various
human cancer tissues and is a co-factor essential for tumor angiogenesis processes. However, the use of
copper binding ligand to target tumor, copper could provide a novel strategy for cancer selective
treatment.
Synthesis and characterization of some metal complexes of 2- Phenyl-3,4-dihyd...IOSRJAC
2-Phenyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-acetic acid (L1) metal complexes with Mn2+ , Co2+, Ni2+ Cu2+ , and Zn2+ ions were studied and the structure of the complexes were elucidated using elemental analyses, infrared (IR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic moment and thermal analysis measurements. Besides the characterization of complexes by physicochemical technique, Biological activities of the synthesized complexes were examined against some microbial strains for evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities.
The document describes the synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with cephalexin and nicotinamide ligands. The complexes were prepared in a 1:1:3 metal to cephalexin to nicotinamide ratio and characterized using techniques such as melting point determination, solubility, molar conductivity, atomic absorption spectroscopy, FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The complexes were also evaluated for their antibacterial activity against several bacteria.
The document describes the synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with cephalexin and nicotinamide ligands. The complexes were prepared in a 1:1:3 metal to cephalexin to nicotinamide ratio and characterized using techniques such as melting point determination, solubility, molar conductivity, atomic absorption spectroscopy, FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The complexes were also tested for their antibacterial activity against several bacteria.
Design, Synthesis and Structural Inspection of Some Novel Di- And Tri-Azometh...CrimsonPublishersACSR
The document describes the design, synthesis, and characterization of novel di- and tri-azomethene compounds as chemosensors for detecting various metal ions. Two ligands, DAPH and NBA, were synthesized via condensation reactions and characterized using techniques such as FT-IR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The ligands were tested for their ability to detect metal ions like Cr3+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, VO2+, and Pd2+ through changes in UV-visible absorption spectra upon complexation. DAPH showed color changes with different metals, while NBA showed color changes with Fe2+ and Pd2+.
A new Schiff base 4-chlorophenyl)methanimine
(6R,7R)-3-methyl-8-oxo-7-(2-phenylpropanamido)-5-thia-1-
azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate= (HL)= C23H20
ClN3O4S) has been synthesized from β-lactam antibiotic
(cephalexin mono hydrate(CephH)=(C16H19N3O5S.H2O) and 4-
chlorobenzaldehyde . Figure(1) Metal mixed ligand complexes
of the Schiff base were prepared from chloride salt of
Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd (II), in 50% (v/v)
ethanol –water medium (SacH ) .in aqueous ethanol(1:1)
containing and Saccharin(C7H5NO3S) = sodium hydroxide.
Several physical tools in particular; IR, CHN, 1H NMR, 13C
NMR for ligand and melting point molar conductance, magnetic
moment. and determination the percentage of the metal in the
complexes by flame(AAS). The ligands and there metal
complexes were screened for their antimicrobial activity against
four bacteria (gram + ve) and (gram -ve) {Escherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus}.
The proposed structure of the complexes using program, Chem
office 3D(2006). The general formula have been given for the
prepared mixed ligand complexes Na2[M(Sac)3(L)], M(II) = Fe
(II), Co(II) , Ni(II), Cu (II), Zn(II) , and Cd(II).
HL= C29H24 ClN3O4S, L= C29H23 ClN3O4S -.
Bidentate Schiff base ligand 3-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-[(4-dimethylamino-benzylidene)-amino]-2-methyl-propionic acid was prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques studies and elemental analysis. The Cd(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Cr(III),and Fe(III) of mixed-ligand complexes were structural explicate through moler conductance , [FT-IR, UV-Vis & AAS], chloride contents, , and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Octahedral geometries have been suggested for all complexes. The Schiff base and its complexes were tested against various bacterial species, two of {gram(G+) and gram(G-)} were shown weak to good activity against all bacteria.
This document summarizes the synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of a symmetrical Schiff base ligand and nicotinamide with various metal ions. A new symmetrical Schiff base ligand was prepared via the condensation of hydrazine hydrate and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. Mixed ligand complexes were synthesized using a 1:1:2 molar ratio of metal salt, Schiff base ligand, and nicotinamide. The complexes were characterized using various techniques such as elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The ligand and complexes were also tested for their antimicrobial activity against various bacteria. In general, the complexes showed enhanced antibacterial activity compared to the free ligands
The DNA cleavage and antimicrobial studies of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(I...IOSR Journals
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synthesis and characterization of hydrazone ligand and their metal complexesMUBASHIRA M
This slide mainly contain the synthesis, characterization of a few hydrazine based heterocyclic ligand such as hydralazone and phenyl hydralazone and also their metal complexes. so in this work, my aim is to synthesise the ligands; 2-thiophenecarboxylaldehydehydralazone and 2,3-butanedionephenylhydrazone. also to characterized the synthesised hydrazones by different physiochemical techniques.
Spectral studies of 5-({4-amino-2-[(Z)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino] pyrimidi...IOSR Journals
Some transition metal ions Complexes with 5-({4-amino-2-[(Z)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino]
pyrimidin-5-yl} methyl)-2,3,4-trimethoxybenzene were prepared and characterized by elemental analyses,
Infrared , magnetic moment, electronic spectra , mass spectra, X-ray powder diffraction, molar conductance
and thermal analysis (TGA). The complexes have general formulae [ML2.2H2O] {where M = Mn (II), Co (II), Ni
(II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Pd (II) and Pt (II). The coordination behavior of the metal ions towards to the investigated
Schiff base takes place through –C=N,-NH2 and –OH groups. The obtained C, H and N elemental analysis data
showed the Metal: Ligand ratio is 1:2 [M: L] ratio. The molar conductance data reveal that all the metal
complexes are non-electrolytic in nature. From the magnetic moments the complexes are paramagnetic except
Zn metal ion complexes have octahedral geometry with coordination number eight. The thermal behavior of
these complexes shows that, the hydrated complexes have loses two water molecules and immediately followed
by decomposition of the anions and ligand molecules in the second and third stage. The Schiff bases and metal
complexes show good activity against some bacteria. The antimicrobial results indicate that, the metal
complexes have better antimicrobial activity as compared to the prepared Schiff base.
Spectral Studies of Some Transition Metal Ion complexes with 4-[(E)-(Ferrocen...IOSR Journals
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An efficient synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of novel ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of applied chemistry and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Chemical Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document summarizes the preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial activities of mixed ligand complexes of Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with a Schiff base ligand derived from cephalexin drug and 4(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde combined with nicotinamide. The ligand and complexes were characterized using various analytical techniques. The complexes were found to be non-electrolytes with octahedral geometry. Antimicrobial testing showed the complexes had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Preparation , characterization and antimicrobial activities of mixed ligand c...Alexander Decker
This document describes the preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial activities of mixed ligand complexes of Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with a Schiff base ligand derived from cephalexin drug and 4(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde combined with nicotinamide. The ligand and complexes were characterized using techniques such as NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, and magnetic susceptibility. The complexes showed octahedral geometry and were found to be non-electrolytes. The complexes and free ligand were screened for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Coordination modes of a new ligand derived from pyrazoline with cr(iii), mn(i...Alexander Decker
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Synthesis & study of anesthesia organic compoundsAlexander Decker
The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE). Science, Technology and Medicine Journals Call for Academic Manuscripts
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Synthesis and characterization of complexes of schiff base [1, 2 diphenyl -2- 2-{[1-(3-amino-phenyl)-ethylidene]-hydrazono methyl}-phenol]
1. Chemical and Process Engineering Research www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-7467 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0913 (Online)
Vol.13, 2013
19
Synthesis and Characterization of Complexes of Schiff Base [1,
2-Diphenyl -2- 2-{[1-(3-Amino-Phenyl)-Ethylidene]-Hydrazono
Methyl}-Phenol] with Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II),
Cd(II), Ni(II), and Hg(II) Ions
Taghreed . Hashim Al-Noor , Ahmed .T.AL- Jeboori , Rasha. L. Sadawi
Department of Chemistry .Ibn -Al-Haithem College of Education for pure science,Baghdad University
Email :drtaghreed2@gmail.com
Id= F-2100-2013
Abstract
The new tridentate Schiff base ligand (HL)namely 2-{[1-(3-amino-phenyl)-ethylidene]-hydrazono methyl}-
phenol containing (N N O)as donors atoms was prepared in two steps:Step (1): By the reaction of 3-
aminoacetophenone with hydrazine monohydrate under reflux in methanol and drops of glacial acetic acid gave
the intermediate compound 3-(1- hydrazono ethyl)-phenol amine.Step (2): By the reaction of 3-(1-hydrazono
ethyl)-phenol amine with salicyaldehyde under reflux in methanol, gave the ligand (HL).The prepared ligand
was characterized by I.R, U.V-Vis,1H- 13C NMR spectra and melting point and reacted with some metal ions
under reflux in methanol with (1:1) ratio gave complexes of the general formula: [MClL]. Where: M= Mn(II),
Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Hg(II).Products were found to be solid crystalline complexes,
which have been characterized through the following techniques:Molar conductivity .Spectroscopic Method
[FTIR and UV-Vis], additional measurement magnetic suspeliblity and Chloride content, The magnetic
moment coupled with the electronic spectra suggested an tetrahedral geometry for all the complexes
except[ NiClL] is Square-planar.The nature of the complexes formed were studied by Mole Ratio and the
stability constant of the complexes have also been studied.
Key words: spectral studies , tridentate Schiff base, 3-aminoacetophenone, hydrazine monohydrate complexes
Introduction:
The term "Schiff bases" was firstly used to define those organic compounds which contain the functional group
(-C= N-) .Schiff's bases have several names; anils, azomethines, benzene's and benzylideneaniline,[1] these
compounds were firstly prepared by Schiff in (1864), from a simple amines and for this reason, they were called
" Schiff's bases "
The "Schiff's bases" could be obtained by condensation reaction between carbonyl compounds (1) and amine (2)
by the intermediate of hemiamine, scheme (1), with formation of intermediate hemi amine. ,[2]
Scheme(1) Condensation reaction between carbonyl compounds and amine
Polydentate ligands, such as Schiff bases, assisted by metal ions, provide highly organized
supramolecular metal complexes. Such complexes possess binding sites and cavities for
various cations, anions and organic molecules [3-5].
Schiff base macrocycles have been of remarkable versatility in macrocyclic and
supramolecular chemistry [6] and [7], and therefore they have played an important role in the
development of coordination chemistry as they readily form stable complexes with most of
the transition metals. In the area of bioinorganic chemistry the interest in the Schiff base complexes lies in that
they provide synthetic models for the metal-containing sites in metallo proteins/enzymes and also contributed
enormously to the development of medicinal chemistry, radio immunotherapy, cancer diagnosis and treatment of
tumor [ 89] and [9]. In addition, some of the complexes containing N and O donor atoms are effective as stereo
specific catalysts for oxidation [10]
In this paper we present the synthesis and study of some metal complexes with 2-{[1-(3-amino-phenyl)-
ethylidene]-hydrazono methyl}-phenol. (HL)
2. Chemical and Process Engineering Research www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-7467 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0913 (Online)
Vol.13, 2013
20
2. Experimental
All the chemicals were reagent grad (fluka & BDH) , and used as received., ethanol, methanol and
dimethylforamaide(DMF) , benzene, and acetone and KBr , from (B.D.H. UV-Vis spectra were recorded on a
(Shimadzu UV- 160A) Ultra Violet-Visible Spectrophotometer. IR- spectra were taken on a (Shimadzu, FTI R-
8400S) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (4000- 400) cm-1
with samples prepared as KBr discs.
Elemental micro analysis for the ligand was performed on a (C.H.N.S.O) Perkin Elemar 2400. While metal
contents of the complexes were determined by atomic absorption (A.A) technique using a Shimadzu AA 620G
atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The Chloride contents of complexes were determined by potentiometric
titration method using (686-Titro processor-665. Dosimat Metrohn Swiss).1
H ,13
C-NMR and Mass spectrum
was recorded on sorrier transform Varian spectrometer, operation at 300 MHz with tetra methyl saline (TMS) as
internal standard in DMSO-d6, measurements were made at chemistry department, AL- albayt university, Jordan.
In addition melting points were obtained using (Stuart Melting Point Apparatus). The proposed molecular
structure of the complexes were drawing by using chem. office prog, 3DX (2006).
Synthesis of the ligand (HL):
Preparation of intermediate material:
A solution of 3-amino aceto phenone (1.35gm, 9.06m mole) in methanol (5 ml) was added to hydrazine
monohydrate (0.499 gm, 9.984 m mole) (0.476 ml), then (2-3) drops of glacial acetic acid was added slowly to
the reaction mixture. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. A brown solid was obtained by
evaporation of methanol during (24 hours)., (1.1gm), yield (81.48%) m.p (80°C.).
Preparation of the ligand (HL):
A solution of (0.24 gm, 1.610 m mole) of intermediate compound in methanol ( 5 ml) was added to
salicylaldehyde (0.202 gm, 1.656 m mole). The reaction mixture was refluxed for (5 hours) with stirring, filtered
and the filtrate was allowed to dry at room temperature. A deep yellow solid was obtained .Weight is (0.36 gm),
yield (89%), m.p (131° C). The new ligand was prepared according to the general method shown in schemes (2).
Scheme (2)The synthesis route of the ligand (HL)
General procedure for the synthesis of metal complexes[MClL ]
All complexes of ligand (HL) were synthesized by a similar method, shown in scheme (3).
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21
H3C
N
NH2
N
H
C
OH
+ MCl2 + KOH
Methanol
reflux
(3hours)
H3C
N
NH2
N
H
C
O
M
Cl
M(II) =M= Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Hg(II)
Scheme (3): Schematic representation of synthesis of complexes
3. Results and Discussion
Generally, the complexes were prepared by reacting the respective metal salts with the ligand using 1:1 mole
ratio, i.e. one mole of metal salt : one mole of ligand (HL).The formula weights and melting points ,are given
in(Table I ).Based on the physicochemical characteristics (Table I), it was found that all the complexes were
non-hygroscopic, stable at room temperature and appears as powders with high melting points. Ligand (HL) is
soluble in ( N,N-dimetylformamide (DMF), dimetylsulphoxide (DMSO), methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH),
and completely insoluble in water (H2O), benzene(C6H6),and acetone. Generally, the complexes were prepared
by reacting the respective metal salts with the ligand using using 1:1 mole ratio, i.e. one mole of metal salt : one
mole of HL. The weights and melting points are given in(Table I based on the physicochemical characteristics, it
was found that all the complexes were non-hygroscopic, stable at room temperature and appears as powders with
high melting pointsy. The solubility of the complexes of were studied in various solvents. They are not soluble in
water .All complexes are soluble in (DMF) and (DMSO) solvent. The complexes were analyzed for their metal
by atomic absorption measurements and chloride contents were determined by standard methods.(Table-1) for
all complexes gave approximated values for theoretical values. The observed molar conductance (Table 1)
values measured in (DMF) in 10-3
M solution lie in the ( 11-6.7 Ω-1
cm2
mol-1
) range, indicating their
electrolytic nature with(1:1). [ 11]
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of the ligand (HL):
The (FTIR) spectrum of the ligand (HL), table(2) displayed two bands at (1620), (1566) cm-1
are due to the
υ(N=C-CH3) and υ(N=C-H) stretching vibration respectively . The band at (3450) cm-1
is assigned to υ(N-H)
stretching vibration.The band at (981) cm-1
was assigned to
(N-N) stretching vibration[12].
(U.V-vis) spectrum of the ligand (HL):
The (U.V-Vis) spectrum of (HL )exhibits a high intense absorption peak at(301nm) (33222.59cm-1
),(εmax
=1609 molar-1
.cm-1
)and(278 nm)(35971.223 cm-1
),(εmax =1484 molar-1
. cm-1
) which are assigned to(n→ π*)
and(π → π*) transition respectively[13] , table (3).
1
H-NMR spectrum of the ligand (HL):
The 1
H-NMR spectrum of the (HL in DMSO-d6 shows proton of (O-H) group (ph-OH) of the ligand
appeared as a singlet signal at (9.051) ppm. The three protons of carbon (C15) appeared as a singlet signal at
(2.338)ppm. The multiple signals at (7.003, 7.028, 7.1), (6.5, 6.8, 8.1) ppm. Are due to aromatic hydrogen of
carbon (C13, C14, C3), (C12, C10, C2, C4 and C7) respectively [14] .Table (4).
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22
figure (3) 1
H NMR spectrum of ligand (HL)
13
C-NMR spectrum of the (HL):
13
C-NMR of the ligand (HL), figure (4), table (5) in (DMSO–d6
) shows the chemical shifts as follow [14] .
Figure (4) 13
C-NMR spectrum of ligand (HL)
The most important infrared spectral bands that provide conclusive structural evidence for the coordination of
the ligand to the central metal ions . The characteristic vibrations and assignments of ligand (HL) and its
complexes as KBr spectra discs are described (Table -2) , Some new bands of weak intensity observed in the
regions around (510-599))cm-1
and (430-541) cm-1
may be ascribed to M-N and M-O vibrations, respectively
[15-16].
The UV- Vis spectra of the prepared complexes dissolved in (DMF) (10-3
M) have been measured and the data
obtained were included in (Table- 3). Again the large bathchromic shift of the (λmax) assigned to (π-π*
) and (n-
π*
) transitions of the ligand suggesting the involvement of the ligand in the bond formation with the metal ion.
[13]The magnetic moment has been determined in the solid state by Faraday's method. Table (6).
Cd (II),Zn(II) and(II) complexes are diamagnetic in nature and their electronic spectra do not furnish any
characteristic d-d transitions except charge transfer (CT) bands as expected for d10
systems in the visible
region ,that is a good result for Zn(II),Cd(II) and Hg(II) tetrahedral complexes. [17-18]
Table (1) Some physical properties of the ligand (HL) and its metal complexes
N
15
N
13 14
11 10
12
9
8 2
3
45
6
1
7
H2N
HO
N
15
N
13 14
11 10
12
9
8 2
3
45
6
1
7H2N
HO
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No
Compound
m.
p °C
Color, Yield% M. wt
Λm
Ω-1
cm2
mol-1
Found (calc.)%
Cl Metal
-
(HL) 131
Deep
yellow
89 252
2.4
___ ___
1
[MnClL)
360
dec
Dark green 73 342.39 6.1
(10.35)
9.81
(14.52)
13.21
2
[FeClL]
360
dec
Dark violet 80 343.3 5.5
(10.32)
10.64
(14.72)
13.25
3
[CoClL]
360
dec
Deep
orange
53 346.38 5.8
(10.23)
11.12
(15.42)
16.53
4
[NiClL]
360
dec
Yellow
green
80 346.16 1.2
(12.14)
11.54
(15.38)
14.92
5
[CuClL]
360
dec
Dark green 53 350.99 11- 6.7
(10.09)
9.11
(16.7)
15.80
6
[ZnClL]
360
dec
Yellow 80 352.82 5.6
(10.04)
10.13
(16.81)
15.11
7
[CdClL] 225
Deep
yellow
74 400.04 6.3
(8.86)
9.11
(25.81)
23.92
8
[HgClL] 213 Dark yellow 78 488.04 6.7
(7.26)
8.16
___
___
dec.= decomposition, Calc. = calculated, ( )= theoretical
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Table 3- Electronic Spectral data of the studied compounds
No
Compound λ nm ύ cm-1 εmax
molar-1
. cm-1
)
Assignments Coordination
-
(HL)
278
301
35971.22
33222.59
1484
1609
π →π*
n→ π* _____
1
[MnClL]
306
357
395
32679.73
28011.20
25316.45
2166
927
776
Ligand field
C.T
6
A1→4
T2
Tetrahedral
2
[FeClL]
281
344
373
35587.18
29069.76
26809.65
1548
1343
925
Ligand field
C.T
5
E→5
T2
Tetrahedral
3
[CoClL]
307
357
394
32573.28
28011.20
25380.71
2284
1645
1624
Ligand field
C.T
4
T1(p) →4
A2
Tetrahedral
4
[NiClL]
306
394
32679.73
25380.71
2123
1273
Ligand field
b2g→ b1g
Square-planar
5
[Cu ClL]
308
403
32467.53
24813.89
2109
1239
Ligand field
2
T2→2
E
Tetrahedral
6
[Zn ClL]
308
400
32467.53
25000
2308
1599
C.T
C.T
Tetrahedral
7 [Cd ClL] 306 32679.73 1877 C.T Tetrahedral
8
[Hg ClL]
306
388
32679.73
25773.19
1654
1200
C.T
C.T
Tetrahedral
Table (4) 1
H-NMR data for the ligand (HL) measured in (DMSO-d6
) and chemical shift in (δ ppm)
Compound Function. group δ ppm
(HL)
-OH 9.051 (s)
C15 ─ H3 2.338
C3 ─ H 7.1
C12 ─ H 6.5
C4 ─ H, C2 ─ H, C10 ─ H 6.8
C7 ─ H 8.1
C13 ─ H
C14 ─ H
7.003
7.028
DMSO 2.5
δ = singlet
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Table (6) Data of magnetic moment (µeff=B.M.) of solid at 298 k and suggested structure chemical structure of
complexes
Complexes
Xg×10-6
gram
susceptibility
Xm×10-6
molar
susceptibility
XA×10-6
atom
susceptibility
µeff B.M.
expt.
µeff B.M.
calc
Suggested
structure
[Mn ClL] 17.485 6.608 6.457 3.722 3.922 Tetrahedral
[Co ClL] 21.675 8.278 8.127 4.2 4.40 Tetrahedral
[Cu ClL] 3.825 1.453 1.3029 1.551 1.762 Tetrahedral
a
spin only value [18]
, expt: experimental, calc. : calculated
The composition of the complexes[Ni Cl L], [Cu Cl L] and [Zn Cl L]formed in solution have been established by
mole ratio method, the results reveals (1:1) metal to ligand ratio.
The mole - ratio curves to these complexes in (DMF) are painted in figures (5), (6) and (7). The absorbance
value against mole-ratio values are summarized in tables (7), (8) and (9).
Table (7) The absorbance values against mole-ratio values of complex [Ni Cl L ]in solution (1×10-3
mol. L-1
) in
DMF at
(λ= 301 nm)
No. of compounds L:M Absorbance
1 0.5: 1 0.86
2 1: 1 1.00
3 2: 1 1.01
4 3: 1 0.97
5 4: 1 1.06
Table (5) 13
C-NMR spectrum of the ligand (HL) measured in
(DMSO-d6
) and chemical shift in (δ ppm)
Compound Funct. group δppm
(HL)
C15 12.2
C10 115.6
C2 115.8
C12 117.4
C6 118.4
C14 119
C4 121.2
C13 129.4
C5 130.037
C9 133.11
C3 133.891
C11 146.8
C1 157.298
C7 163.7
C8 164.6
DMSO 2.5
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27
Fig (5) The mole-ratio curve to complex [Ni Cl L)] in solution
(1×10-3
mole. L-1
) at (λ= 301 nm)
Table (8) The absorbance values against mole-ratio values of complex
[Cu Cl L]in solution (1×10-3
mol. L-1
) in DMF at (λ= 295 nm)
No. of compounds L:M Absorbance
1 0.5: 1 0.391
2 1: 1 0.46
3 2: 1 0.474
4 3: 1 0.5
5 4: 1 0.45
Fig (6) The mole-ratio curve to complex [Cu Cl L] in solution(1×10-3
mole. L-1
) at (λ= 287 nm)
0.5:1 1:1 2:1 3:1 4:1
0.5:1 1:1 2:1 3:1 4:1
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.1
0. 9
0. 8
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Table (9) The absorbance values against mole-ratio values of complex [Zn Cl L)] in solution (1×10-3
mol. L-1
) in
DMF at
(λ= 265 nm)
No. of compounds L:M Absorbance
1 0.5: 1 0.04
2 1: 1 0.06
3 2: 1 0.061
4 3: 1 0.058
5 4: 1 0.06
Fig (7) The mole-ratio curve to comlex ZnCl L in solution
(1×10-3
mole. L-1
) at (λ= 265 nm)
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0.5:1 1:1 2:1 3:1 4:1
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