The document discusses various elements of syntax including sentence structure, length, and patterns. It defines short, medium, and long sentences and describes the four basic sentence patterns: declarative, imperative, interrogative, and exclamatory. Complex sentences contain both independent and subordinate clauses. The document also discusses compound and compound-complex sentences.

1. Syntax The manner in which a speaker or author constructs a sentence affects what the audience understands … syntax must be examined for its ability to contribute to and enhance meaning and effect.