This document provides guidance on conducting a SWOT analysis to identify internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats. It explains that a SWOT analysis helps focus activities in areas where you are strong and opportunities are greatest. Examples of typical strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are given for a small business. Political, economic, sociocultural and technological factors that could impact the business are also listed as considerations in a full SWOT analysis.

1. Why use the tool? SWOT Analysis is a very effective way of identifying your Strengths and Weaknesses, and of examining the Opportunities and Threats you face. Carrying out an analysis using the SWOT framework helps you to focus your activities into areas where you are strong and where the greatest opportunities lie.

2. Strengths: What advantages do you have? What do you do well? What relevant resources do you have access to? What do other people see as your strengths?

3. Weaknesses: What could you improve? What do you do badly? What should you avoid? Consider this from an internal and external basis: Do other people seem to perceive weaknesses that you do not see? Are your competitors doing any better than you? It is best to be realistic now, and face any unpleasant truths as soon as possible.

4. Opportunities: Where are the good opportunities facing you? What are the interesting trends you are aware of? Useful opportunities can come from such things as: Changes in technology and markets on both a broad and narrow scale Changes in government policy related to your field Changes in social patterns, population profiles, lifestyle changes, etc. Local Events

5. Threats: What obstacles do you face? What is your competition doing? Are the required specifications for your job, products or services changing? Is changing technology threatening your position? Do you have bad debt or cash-flow problems? Could any of your weaknesses seriously threaten your business?

6. Checkpoint Number One Do Your Own SWOT Analysis

7. Examples Strengths: We are able to respond very quickly as we have no red tape, no need for higher management approval, etc. We are able to give really good customer care, as the current small amount of work means we have plenty of time to devote to customers Our lead consultant has strong reputation within the market We can change direction quickly if we find that our marketing is not working We have little overhead, so can offer good value to customers

8. Weaknesses: Our company has no market presence or reputation We have a small staff with a shallow skills base in many areas We are vulnerable to vital staff being sick, leaving, etc. Our cash flow will be unreliable in the early stages

9. Opportunities: Our business sector is expanding, with many future opportunities for success Our local council wants to encourage local businesses with work where possible Our competitors may be slow to adopt new technologies

10. Threats: Will developments in technology change this market beyond our ability to adapt? A small change in focus of a large competitor might wipe out any market position we achieve

11. Key points: SWOT analysis is a framework for analysing your strengths and weaknesses, and the opportunities and threats you face. This will help you to focus on your strengths, minimise weaknesses, and take the greatest possible advantage of opportunities available

12. Political factors How stable is the political environment? Will government policy influence laws that regulate or tax your business? What is the government's position on marketing ethics? What is the government's policy on the economy? Does the government have a view on culture and religion? Is the government involved in trading agreements such as EU, NAFTA, ASEAN, ECOWAS or others?

13. Economic factors Change in interest rates/exchange rates Price and wage inflation Change in unemployment Trends in GDP

14. Sociocultural Factors What is the dominant religion? What are attitudes to foreign products and services? Does language impact upon the diffusion of products onto markets? How much time do consumers have for leisure? What are the roles of men and women within society? How long are the population living? Are the older generations wealthy? Do the population have a strong/weak opinion on green issues?

15. Technological factors Does technology allow for products and services to be made more cheaply and to a better standard of quality? Do the technologies offer consumers and businesses more innovative products and services such as Internet banking, new generation mobile telephones, etc? How is distribution changed by new technologies e.g. books via the Internet, flight tickets, auctions, e-mail etc? Does technology offer companies a new way to communicate with consumers e.g. banners, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), etc?