Industrial Training Report (Six Weeks) at SWARAJ TRACTOR DIVISION (PHASE-4, MOHALI) The report provides an overview of the various processes that occur at the Swaraj Tractor Division, including the light machine shop, heavy machine shop, assembly shop, paint shop, and tool room. It summarizes the key components manufactured and operations performed in each area, such as machining of shafts, gears, and bushes in the light machine shop. The assembly of tractors is divided into pre-paint and post-paint stages, with the pre-paint stage consisting of assembling parts like the differential, engine, gearbox, and hydraulic systems. The report concludes with

1. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
REPORT
(SIX WEEKS)
AT
SWARAJ TRACTOR DIVISION
( PHASE-4,MOHALI )

2. INTRODUCTION TO THE SWARAJ


Organization:- Established on 27th of June 1970.
Location:- The factory is located at Sahibzada Ajit
Singh Nagar, an important industrial town in Punjab, 5 km
from Chandigarh.

•
•
•
•
Growth:-
PTL started with an annual capacity of 5000
tractors with a capital of Rs.37 millions.
PTL consist of three divisions:
Swaraj Tractor Division (STD), Mohali.
Swaraj Foundry Division (SFD) ,Mazri.
Swaraj Combine Division (SCD), Chapparcheri.CHAPPAR

3. •
Swaraj Tractor Division:-

Construction Work – March 1972
Commercial production – April 1974

•
Swaraj R&D Unit:-
1.research of
new models of tractor.
2.modification in old models is being
done.

4. The Various Processes Occurs Under SWARAJ
TRACTOR DIVISION Are As Under:•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Light Machine Shop
Heavy Machine Shop
Assembly Shop
Paint Shop
Tool Room
Heat Treatment
R & D Deptt.

5. LMS SHOP

INTRODUCTION:-

Machines used in LMS:-
1.All shafts , gears,
bushes which are used in tractors are
manufactured here.
2.Most of machines are of HMT( for gear
shaver) and GERMAN (for bevel gear)
1.Planer machine
2.Hand Lathe
3.Universal Milling Machine
4.Grinding Machine
5.Hydraulic Press

7. 6.Bevel Generator
7.CNC Machines
Manufacturing Operations:-

Facing
Under cutting
Chamfering
Finish turning
Grooving
Knurling
Broaching
Drilling
Boring
Grinding
Hobbing
Shaping


9. Component Machined in Shop:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
Bull pinion shaft (L&R)
Bull pinion (L&R)
Gears
Idler cluster
Input shaft
Intermediate shaft
Lay shaft
Internal gears
Bushes
Cage assy (L&R)
Cross & etc

11. HEAVY MACHINE SHOP

•











Introduction:-All heavy casting of tractor machined in this
shop.
The major operation carried out are milling , boring , tapping ,
champhering, finishing etc.
Types of machine :
radial drilling machine
Hergebret machine
Vertical milling machine
Horizontal milling machine
Simplex milling machine
Duplex milling machine
Lathe
Double end boring machine
Automatic lathe
SPM (special purpose machine)

12. 




List of major component machined in
H.M.S:Differential housing
Gear box
Trumpet housing
Rear axle

13. PAINT SHOP
The paint shop can be classified into following sections:1)
2)
3)
4)
CHASSIS PAINTING AREA
PRE TREATMENT AREA
JOIST PAINTING AREA
FINAL PAINTING AREA

14. ASSEMBLY SHOP

ASSEMBLY:
The process of joining various constituents to form a
final product.

Assembly of the tractor is divided in to two sections:
•
Before paint assembly shop
After paint assembly shop

Before Paint Assembly Shop:
•
This shop is further divided into five loops namely:
a)
Differential loop
b)
Engine loop
c)
Hydraulic rear cover loop
d)
Gearbox loop
e)
Engine coupling loop

15. DIFFERENTIAL LOOP:



Function:When the wheels are driven positively by engine , a device is
necessary which make the wheels move at different speed on
turns and equal speed on straight path.
To accomplished this purpose a system of gear called “
Differential System “ is provided.
differential has the following two function:1.
On st.traveling path it allows both the rear wheels of tractor to
get equal power.
2.
On turns, it allows the inner wheel to move slower than the
outer wheels.

16. the assembly of the differential system is done the
manner:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
following
Differential casting
The cage assembly is done which includes:
Crown wheel, Tail pinion assembly, Roller bearing, bevel wheels , cross ,
bevel pinions.
BP shaft Left & Right.
Meshing of crown wheel and tail pinion.
Weight test.
PTO shaft.
Rear axle/trumpet tube.
PTO shifter assembly.
Gear box .
Rear cover .
Disc brakes.
Trailer hook.
Angel bracket.
Rocker link.
footboard
Clutch pedal.

18. GEAR BOX
The power transmission is done to the wheels with the help of
following important parts:
•
Clutch
•
Gear box
•
Differential
•
Rear axles






So Gear box is a power transmitting part of vehicles .
Pulling power can be or
Convert forward motion into reverse motion.
Convert power of engine running at high speed into low
speed at high torque (for starting).
Disconnect engine from rear wheels.
Working principle:
Horse power H.P.=k*T*N
where, k= const. , T= torque , N= rotational speed

19. 
Gear Box Types:
o
Selective gearbox:
a) sliding mesh
b) constant mesh
c) synchronous type
o
Planetary gear transmission
Automatic gearbox

Gear Box Assembly:
o
Gear box housing
2.
Lay & intermediate shaft are assembled
3.
Idler cluster
4.
Drive shaft & input shaft assembled
5.
Output shaft assembled
6.
Shifter lock , shifter rod
7.
Shifter forks
8.
Planet gear & carrier (hi-low mech.)
9.
Locking washers
10. Steering mechanism
1.

20. REAR COVER

Rear cover is mounted on the differential assembly & perform
various other operations.
Layout of Rear cover Assembly
Rear cover
casting
Cylinder
assembly
Testing of rear cover for any leakage
Control valve
assembly
Response
Valve
Assembly &
Sensor tube
attached

21. 
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Rear Cover Assembly :Rear cover casting
Rocker shaft
The cylinder, rocker arm, connecting rod fitted
Bracket & levers
The response & control valve
Sensor tube
Testing

22. DISMOUNTING STAGE
The Dismounting Stage is divided into 5 stages:
Stage 1:- Alternator, horn, brake rod, brake switch connection,
fan belt.
Stage 2:- Speedometer wire, rear frame, fuel tank, overflow
pipe, felt pad.
Stage 3:- Fan, radiator, hose pipe, dash board & its cover,
number plate.
Stage 4:- Battery, steering wheel, head light, clutch connection,
knob & cover, hook & slide panel, sealing.
Stage 5:- Seat, sheet metal covers, tyre fixing, battery cover,
engine oil pouring & greasing, stickers.

24. THANK YOU