Sustainable, Climate-smart Agriculture in Marginal Environments

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Dr. Dionysia Lyra Side event Biosaline agriculture as an approach for combating salinity in marginal agricultural systems organized by ICBA - the International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, in the framework on the Seventh Global Soil Partnership (GSP) Plenary Assembly at FAO HQ, Rome, Italy on 5 June 2019.

Dr. Dionysia Lyra, Halophyte Agronomist
Sustainable, Climate-smart Agriculture
in Marginal Environments
Side event @ 7th Global Soil Partnership Plenary Assembly
5th of June 2019, FAO headquarters

Is Marginality a Global
Problem?
Arable lands are declining…
2,000 hectares/day of arable land lost to salinity
1/4 of global population live in economic
water scarcity
40% of global population live in marginal
areas
demand for food is growing and cost
of degradation multiplying
Source:
World Bank, FAO

More frequent and intensive extreme events
Climate Change

CurrentGlobalFoodSystem
Source: FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, 2019

- Scale of the Problem
88% of countries face serious
2-3 forms of malnutrition
2 billion people lack key
micronutrients (iron, vit. A)
155 million children stunted
52 million children wasted
2 billion adults overweight or
obese
41 million children overweight
Source: EAT-Lancet Commission Report, 2019
World is off track to meeting global nutrition targets
Source: UNICEF, 2019
Stunting affects 1 in 3 children in three regions
Many Faces of Malnutrition

ICBA Video
Watch the video here: https://youtu.be/8-0S5Zdgeyk

The United States provides food aid to developing countries through five programs to help the 925 million people suffering from malnutrition. It supplies aid as program food, project food, and emergency food. The U.S. is the largest contributor and has committed to donating a minimum of 2.5 million metric tons annually, with Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia receiving over 60% of aid. However, problems exist with the delivery of food aid and prioritizing recipient countries.

The U.S Food Waste Challenge

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Food waste in the United States accounts for 30-40% of the food supply and has negative impacts on food security, natural resources, and climate change. Wholesome food that is wasted could help feed families in need through food donations. Producing wasted food uses land, water, and other resources that could be better utilized. Food waste in landfills generates methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and Environmental Protection Agency launched the U.S. Food Waste Challenge to encourage organizations to reduce, recover, and recycle food waste to help address these issues.

World Hunger

crhowell

The document discusses global hunger and malnutrition, stating that over 15 million children die from hunger each year. It defines hunger and malnutrition and provides statistics on the number of underfed and starving people worldwide. Some key facts presented are that one third of the world is well-fed, one third is underfed, and one third is starving. It also lists several factors contributing to the current global food crisis.

Food Waste Crisis

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Food And Water Supply 2

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Poor food and water supplies can lead to undernutrition and malnutrition, affecting over 1 billion people worldwide. Malnutrition is caused by a lack of important nutrients and can result in conditions like marasmus and kwashiorkor. Food shortages are an ongoing problem, with examples in Sudan and Tanzania due to war and unreliable rainfall. Insufficient access to water due to droughts or drinking contaminated water also negatively impact many in less economically developed countries.

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Zero hunger

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This document discusses hunger and strategies to achieve zero hunger by 2030. It defines hunger and provides statistics on the number of hungry people worldwide. The main causes of hunger are identified as poverty, natural disasters, political instability, and food shortages. The UN's Zero Hunger Challenge aims to end hunger by making food systems sustainable, ending rural poverty and malnutrition, eliminating food waste, and ensuring access to nutritious foods for all. Some strategies proposed to achieve this include creating jobs, investing in agriculture, educating women, promoting gender equality, using modern farming techniques, providing food assistance, supporting small farmers, developing drought-resistant crops, practicing sustainable agriculture, and providing agricultural subsidies. Coordinated efforts by governments, citizens,

The document outlines a group research project on social action to fight hunger. It defines hunger and discusses its main causes such as poverty, war, natural disasters, lack of infrastructure, and environmental degradation. Some key facts are presented, such as over 900 million hungry people worldwide and 15 million children dying of hunger each year. The document proposes awareness campaigns, fundraising, volunteering, advocacy, and political engagement as actions to address this issue.

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Economic development and income levels impact food consumption patterns between developed countries (DCs) and less developed countries (LDCs) in several ways: 1) As income rises, diets shift away from staple crops like cereals toward more meat, dairy, fruits and vegetables. DCs consume more calories and protein per person compared to LDCs. 2) Physical, economic, social and technological factors affect food production intensity. DCs have greater access to technology and financing to intensify agriculture, while fragmented land ownership in LDCs lowers productivity. 3) Inadequate or excessive food consumption impacts health, productivity and economic growth. Malnutrition hinders development in LDCs, while obesity reduces health

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The document discusses hidden hunger and micronutrient deficiencies globally. An estimated 2 billion people worldwide suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. While micronutrient interventions are highly cost-effective, investment and funding for vulnerable populations remains low. The complex interactions between micronutrient nutrition, climate change, and sustainable food systems are still poorly understood.

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This document discusses efforts to achieve zero hunger by 2030 through the UN Secretary General's Zero Hunger Challenge. It finds that while progress has been made in reducing undernourishment, the goal of halving hunger by 2015 will not be reached. Over 840 million people remain undernourished as of 2011-2013, though this is down from 868 million in 2010-2012. The challenge coordinates 23 UN agencies around 5 elements: ensuring access to food, ending stunting in children under 2, sustainable food systems, doubling smallholder incomes, and halving food waste. It outlines regional trends in hunger reduction and price volatility effects. Addressing malnutrition requires tackling undernourishment, micronutrient deficiencies,

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This document discusses food consumption patterns between developed and less developed countries. It provides indicators to measure food consumption such as food consumption per capita, daily calorie intake, and percentage of calories from starchy staples. Both developed and less developed countries have increased calorie consumption over time, though less developed countries have increased more. Food preferences have also changed, with meat consumption increasing in all countries. Inadequate food consumption can lead to malnutrition, lower productivity, and higher public health costs.

Nutrition-Sensitive Water Management Guidance for Irrigation Interventions.

Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE)

Presentation by Claire Chase, World Bank Group, at the Stockholm World Water Week on August 27th, 2019. It highlights that Nutrition-sensitive Agriculture guidelines do not fully capture water-related issues. Also looks at entry points for improved nutritional outcomes, results indicators for nutrition-sensitive irrigation and water management lending operations, the Uganda Irrigation Development and Climate Resilience project as a case study and the partnerships that scale up investments in nutrition-sensitive irrigation and water management.

Hunger in the Philippines

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The document discusses the causes and effects of hunger and poverty. It states that poverty is the main underlying cause of hunger, as poor people lack resources to grow or buy enough food. Being undernourished then traps people in poverty, as they are too weak to earn enough money. Additional factors that can lead to food insecurity and hunger include natural disasters, rapid population growth, war, increasing food prices, and lack of agricultural infrastructure. The document also briefly mentions the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program, a Philippine government anti-poverty initiative.

Global hunger in africa presentation 4.11

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Hunger and Famine in Africa discusses the ongoing issues of malnutrition, poverty, and food insecurity across the continent. Over 6 million children die from malnutrition each year and 60% of Africans live on less than $1 per day. The causes include lack of investment in rural areas by governments, corruption, droughts due to inconsistent rains and climate change, and population growth outpacing food production. The effects are widespread refugee crises, small businesses suffering, land grabs by foreign nations, water shortages, and increased disease. Long term solutions proposed include education to help populations sustain themselves, birth control to slow population growth, and accepting genetically modified foods which could increase yields.

Population Composition & Structure - Food Supply

kdjw

The document discusses population composition and food production trends around the world. It notes that Africa, Asia, and Latin America currently have the youngest populations, while Europe has the oldest. In the US, about 1 in 8 Americans are elderly, a proportion that has been increasing since 1900 due to high birth rates in the late 19th/early 20th century and declining mortality. Over two-thirds of global cropland is used to grow cereals and grains, which provide half of global caloric intake. While food production doubled between 1950-1990, production per capita has declined since 1984. China accounts for a large portion of food output but also population in developing regions. Strategies to increase yields include fertilizers, irrigation, and

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CoCo San Sustainable Farm proposes using recycled water and public buffer land near water treatment facilities to grow food in greenhouses and address food insecurity, nutrition poverty, and environmental issues. The farm would be financially self-sustaining and provide hands-on science and job training while reducing the carbon footprint of the food system through local production. Key aspects include using recycled water and natural fertilizers, conserving resources, providing environmental education, and creating a scalable model to address hunger issues sustainably.

#Food wastagefacts Food Wasateg and the Hunger Problem: Issues and Opportunit...

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1. Approximately 1.3 billion tonnes of food, worth over $100 billion, is wasted globally every year even as millions go hungry. This is enough food to feed the entire population of sub-Saharan Africa. 2. A significant amount of the water used to produce this wasted food is also wasted, as agriculture requires large amounts of water. The water wasted could meet the domestic needs of over 9 billion people. 3. Addressing food waste could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture by over 10% in rich countries, and help alleviate pressure on freshwater resources globally. Reducing food waste is important to help solve the growing global food crisis.

Food wastage

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1) Approximately one third of the global food production, or 1.3 billion tons of food, are lost or wasted annually through discard or uneaten. 2) India has the second highest number of malnourished children in the world after Bangladesh, with 47% of Indian children exhibiting malnutrition. 3) The presentation calls on the audience to take a pledge to love food and hate waste in order to help address the issues of food insecurity and malnutrition faced by many.

Food situation & agriculture in kenya

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Agriculture is Kenya's economic backbone, contributing over 25% to GDP. Around 1 million hectares are under irrigation with a goal to transform subsistence farming. The major agricultural subsectors are tea, coffee, sugarcane, and cotton. Hunger affects over 1 billion people worldwide, most pronounced in rural Africa and Asia in drought-prone areas. Food insecurity is caused by factors like poverty, insecure land tenure, climate change, and world food prices. Solutions include responsive food policy, farming incentives, education, and advocacy.

Food resources

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The number of farms in the United States has declined significantly since 1950, while productivity and overall production has increased. In 1950, there were 5 million farms with 23 million people, but by 2013 only 2 million farms remained with fewer than 3 million people. Wheat production nearly doubled from 1 billion bushels in 1950 to 2.3 billion bushels in 2013, but the price per bushel dropped from $19.29 to $7.80. This document discusses why increases in agricultural productivity have led fewer people to choose farming as an occupation despite greater overall production.

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The document discusses food security challenges facing the world by 2050. Key points include: - Global food production must increase 70% by 2050 to feed a rising population expected to reach 9.1 billion. - Hunger currently affects over 821 million people worldwide and billions lack reliable access to nutritious food. - Factors exacerbating food insecurity include population growth, changing diets, climate change, water scarcity, soil erosion, and plateauing crop yields. - Solutions proposed are closing yield gaps, raising water productivity, balancing calorie and nutrient needs, reducing food waste, and supporting young farmers. UN agencies are working on programs like Zero Hunger to end hunger by 2030.

Food Security

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This document discusses food security in Asia. It notes rising global food prices and increasing demand driven by population growth. Key challenges to ensuring food security in Asia include decreasing available farmland and water resources, as well as the effects of climate change on crop production. While the Green Revolution greatly increased food production, ongoing issues include environmental degradation and inequality. Moving forward, efforts are needed to strengthen social safety nets, promote sustainable agriculture and trade, invest in rural infrastructure, and develop new technologies and risk management strategies to ensure adequate food supply for Asia's growing population.

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