This document discusses the challenges of ensuring global food security in the face of population growth and climate change. It outlines four dimensions of food security and notes that over 900 million people were undernourished as of 2010 due to food price increases and low purchasing power. The main drivers threatening food security are identified as population growth, urbanization, rising affluence, and global climate change. The impacts of climate change like extreme heat, droughts, floods, and storms are expected to negatively impact food availability, access, and stability. Potential strategies discussed to address this issue include reducing food loss and waste, prioritizing human food over animal feed, developing improved and resilient crop varieties, organic agriculture, and utilizing alternative foods like seawe
Forests, biodiversity and food securityCIFOR-ICRAF
The world faces many challenges in attempting to achieve global food
security, and one of those challenges is the continuing loss of forests and
biodiversity. How do we feed the world’s growing population while
maintaining its biodiversity? The answer could be in new approaches to
integrating agriculture and biodiversity.
CIFOR scientist Terry Sunderland explores the links between forests,
biodiversity and food security in this presentation, which he recently gave at the
2nd World Biodiversity Congress in Malaysia to more than 150 delegates.
World hunger day 2015 focused on food security, past, present, and future. There are four pillars of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. Food security exists when all people have access to sufficient nutritious food at all times. Key challenges to food security include declining resources, climate change impacts, and lack of access to markets. Climate change is expected to negatively affect food production in South Asia and Southeast Asia, increasing prices and extreme weather events. Vulnerable countries that will need assistance include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Nepal.
34. Biodiversity and food security A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Vi...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses biodiversity and its importance for food security. It notes that biodiversity is declining rapidly due to factors like habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. This loss of biodiversity threatens food security as the vast majority of food comes from a small number of plant and animal species. Maintaining genetic diversity through in situ and ex situ conservation is crucial for ensuring continued food supply. Biodiversity can be promoted through practices like polyculture farming and growing neglected crop varieties.
Metrics and sustainable diets was the focus of a presentation by Thomas Allen of Bioversity International delivered at the Joint Conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security co-organized by the Belgian Nutrition Society, The Nutrition Society and Société Française de Nutrition on 28 and 29 May 2013 in Lille, France under the auspices of the Federation of European Nutrition Societies, a conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security. : A system approach to assessing Sustainable Diets. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
This document discusses issues related to food security and the environment in India. It provides background on India's agricultural development since independence, including the Green Revolution that made India self-sufficient in food grains. However, it also notes agriculture's negative impacts on the environment such as greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity. The document then focuses on specific issues like monocropping, genetically modified crops, and the problems faced by Indian farmers. Overall, it examines the need to balance food security with environmental sustainability in India's agricultural system.
In this presentation i have discussed about the importance of food resources, world food problems and changes caused in agriculture and its impact and also it will clearly explain about the condition in Indian food economy. it will also explain a overgrazing in the land
This document discusses the links between biodiversity and food security. It notes that a rapid decline in biodiversity threatens food security by reducing crop diversity and genetic resources. However, biodiversity can also support food security through practices like agroforestry and mixed crop-livestock systems. The challenges of population growth, climate change, and low agricultural investment are also examined in relation to maintaining biodiversity and ensuring sustainable food production.
The document presents on the topic of global food sustainability. It discusses major threats like hunger and food wastage. The goal is achieving global food sustainability through food quality, safety, and environmental security. It proposes ways to achieve sustainability like efficiency oriented practices, demand restraint, and food system transformation with a change in mindset. This involves increasing productivity, reducing carbon footprint, empowering farmers, and increasing consumption of locally available food through various farming techniques.
Forests, biodiversity and food securityCIFOR-ICRAF
The world faces many challenges in attempting to achieve global food
security, and one of those challenges is the continuing loss of forests and
biodiversity. How do we feed the world’s growing population while
maintaining its biodiversity? The answer could be in new approaches to
integrating agriculture and biodiversity.
CIFOR scientist Terry Sunderland explores the links between forests,
biodiversity and food security in this presentation, which he recently gave at the
2nd World Biodiversity Congress in Malaysia to more than 150 delegates.
World hunger day 2015 focused on food security, past, present, and future. There are four pillars of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. Food security exists when all people have access to sufficient nutritious food at all times. Key challenges to food security include declining resources, climate change impacts, and lack of access to markets. Climate change is expected to negatively affect food production in South Asia and Southeast Asia, increasing prices and extreme weather events. Vulnerable countries that will need assistance include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Nepal.
34. Biodiversity and food security A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Vi...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses biodiversity and its importance for food security. It notes that biodiversity is declining rapidly due to factors like habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. This loss of biodiversity threatens food security as the vast majority of food comes from a small number of plant and animal species. Maintaining genetic diversity through in situ and ex situ conservation is crucial for ensuring continued food supply. Biodiversity can be promoted through practices like polyculture farming and growing neglected crop varieties.
Metrics and sustainable diets was the focus of a presentation by Thomas Allen of Bioversity International delivered at the Joint Conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security co-organized by the Belgian Nutrition Society, The Nutrition Society and Société Française de Nutrition on 28 and 29 May 2013 in Lille, France under the auspices of the Federation of European Nutrition Societies, a conference on Sustainable Diet and Food Security. : A system approach to assessing Sustainable Diets. Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
This document discusses issues related to food security and the environment in India. It provides background on India's agricultural development since independence, including the Green Revolution that made India self-sufficient in food grains. However, it also notes agriculture's negative impacts on the environment such as greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity. The document then focuses on specific issues like monocropping, genetically modified crops, and the problems faced by Indian farmers. Overall, it examines the need to balance food security with environmental sustainability in India's agricultural system.
In this presentation i have discussed about the importance of food resources, world food problems and changes caused in agriculture and its impact and also it will clearly explain about the condition in Indian food economy. it will also explain a overgrazing in the land
This document discusses the links between biodiversity and food security. It notes that a rapid decline in biodiversity threatens food security by reducing crop diversity and genetic resources. However, biodiversity can also support food security through practices like agroforestry and mixed crop-livestock systems. The challenges of population growth, climate change, and low agricultural investment are also examined in relation to maintaining biodiversity and ensuring sustainable food production.
The document presents on the topic of global food sustainability. It discusses major threats like hunger and food wastage. The goal is achieving global food sustainability through food quality, safety, and environmental security. It proposes ways to achieve sustainability like efficiency oriented practices, demand restraint, and food system transformation with a change in mindset. This involves increasing productivity, reducing carbon footprint, empowering farmers, and increasing consumption of locally available food through various farming techniques.
The document discusses the role of agricultural biodiversity in improving nutrition and diets in developing countries. It notes that loss of biodiversity has contributed to poor nutrition outcomes and outlines several traditional agroecosystems that optimize both yields and nutrient outputs through the use of diverse crop combinations and intercropping practices. These systems provide dietary diversity and complementarities that help address micronutrient deficiencies. The document also raises important open questions about how to scale agricultural biodiversity approaches to improve nutrition security.
The document discusses various topics related to food resources and issues. It begins by defining food and describing the main sources of food as agriculture, animal husbandry, and fishing. While India is self-sufficient in food production, this is only due to unsustainable modern agriculture practices that pollute the environment. The document then covers food security issues globally and in India, causes of food shortages in India, and solutions to address the food problems. It also discusses effects of overgrazing, modern agriculture practices, and their environmental impacts.
Food systems, food security and environmental changeIIED
This is a presentation given by Dr John Ingram of Oxford University's Environmental Change Institute (ECI) to a Critical Theme organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development on 12 February 2015.
Dr Ingram leads the Environmental Change Institute's Food Systems Research and Training Programme, which aims to increase understanding of the interactions between food security and environmental change. The programme's research products have been adopted by national and international organisations, including the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the UK and Dutch governments.
In his presentation, Ingram looked at food system activities and 'planetary boundaries' – the safe operating space for humanity with respect to the earth's biophysical systems. If these planetary boundaries are crossed, then important subsystems, such as a monsoon system, could shift into a new state. Such shifts could have damaging consequences, including undermining the environmental conditions and the natural resource base on which our food security depends.
IIED hosts Critical Themes meetings to explore new ideas, introduce new research and broaden the knowledge of its staff.
More details: bit.ly/1CkRJ9K.
Nepal faces challenges with food security. Agriculture is important for Nepal's economy and livelihoods, with one-third of GDP and two-thirds of the population engaged in it. The country produces staples like rice, maize, and wheat, but production does not always meet requirements. Food security has chronic and acute dimensions. Chronically, many households do not have adequate nutrition throughout the year. Acute food insecurity occurs when shocks like natural disasters disrupt food sources. The government monitors food security indicators to understand situations and needs.
Role of beneficial microbes in next green revolutionMehjebinRahman2
The document summarizes the keynote speech given by Miss Mehjebin Rahman on probing beneficial microbes for the next green revolution. It discusses how the green revolution significantly increased food production but led to various negative environmental consequences. It argues that the next green revolution needs a more sustainable approach, and that microbes have great potential to promote plant growth and stress resistance while maintaining sustainability. Several companies are developing microbial treatments to boost yields without synthetic fertilizers. The document outlines various plant growth promoting microbes and their mechanisms, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and phytohormone production.
- 15 plant and 8 animal species supply 90% of global food, with wheat, rice, and corn providing half of all calories. 66% of people rely mainly on these grains.
- There are two main types of food production: industrialized agriculture which uses large amounts of chemicals and fossil fuels to grow monocultures, and traditional agriculture which is still practiced by most people globally.
- Population growth, degradation of cropland, and declining resources are exacerbating global food problems, though food production has doubled since 1940 and global undernutrition has decreased significantly in recent decades.
The food price crises amplifies preexisting inequalities in food distribution and quality globally
Beyond temporary shocks, the food system is undergoing long-term changes that affect everyone, particularly the poor.
Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Food is essential for human life and comes from a variety of sources. The main food resources are agricultural crops like wheat and rice, domesticated animals for milk and meat, and aquaculture for fish and seafood. However, world food problems involve chronic hunger, malnutrition, and undernourishment that impact millions of people each year due to complex interactions between food production, population growth, and other factors. Improving food production requires maximizing agricultural land use through techniques like crop rotation, introducing disease-resistant varieties, and integrating traditional and modern agricultural methods.
It is estimated that globally, some 190 million hectares of pulses contribute to five to seven million tonnes of nitrogen in soils. As pulses can fix their own nitrogen in the soil, they need less fertilizers, organic and synthetic, and in this way, they play a part in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Nutrition-sensitive landscapes was a side-event at the Int. Conference on Forests for Food Security organized by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and Bioversity International, all members of the CGIAR Consortium.
Céline Termote, research assistant with Bioversity International's Nutrition and Marketing Diversity Programme, shared some of her experiences from research she carried out in the Tshopo District in the Democratic Republic of Congo on wild edible plant knowledge and use. She found that peoples' knowledge of biodiversity was not always translated into their effective use of wild edible plants. She argued for better integration of participatory research techniques: "We should put people at the centre of the landscapes approach. Food is an expression of their culture, we must not forget that, “she said.
Learn more: http://liveblog.cifor.org/Event/Forests_for_food_security_and_nutrition/76707058#.UZNeGVGcnD4
Read more about Bioversity International’s work on marketing diversity for income and equity
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/marketing-diversity/?L=0
The document discusses challenges to global food security, including rising populations, decreasing agricultural land, climate change, natural disasters, conflicts, and poverty. It notes that over 900 million people worldwide do not have enough food. Key factors exacerbating food insecurity are increases in food and fuel prices, biofuel production, and imbalanced international trade policies. The document also outlines Malaysia's national food security policy and initiatives to increase agricultural output and ensure adequate, safe food supplies.
This document discusses the environmental impacts of the global food system, from production to consumption and waste. It notes that food production, especially meat and dairy, accounts for a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions. Industrial agriculture also uses vast amounts of water and land. Long-distance transportation of food contributes to its carbon footprint as well. The document recommends eating lower on the food chain by consuming more plants and less meat, choosing seasonal and minimally processed foods, reducing food waste, and engaging in sustainable agricultural practices.
Food security is defined as all people having access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs. Revolutions in agricultural technology, including mechanization, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and high-yielding crop varieties, have fulfilled the needs of growing populations by boosting food production. Advances in food preservation through techniques like canning have further revolutionized food security by allowing food to be safely stored and distributed over long periods and distances.
This document discusses the relationship between forests and achieving SDG 2 of ending hunger and malnutrition. It argues that forests directly and indirectly contribute to targets of ensuring access to food, ending malnutrition, conserving genetic diversity, and supporting smallholder farmers. Integrating forests into agriculture through approaches like agroforestry can help create more sustainable and resilient food production systems. However, challenges remain in changing policies, behaviors, land access issues, and longstanding institutional structures to fully realize the potential of forests for achieving food security goals. The takeaway is that forests are integral, not obstacles, to agriculture and meeting SDG 2 will require recoupling nature and food production through landscape-level integrated approaches.
This document discusses the role of livestock in food security, climate change, and resource use. It notes that livestock accounts for about 24% of global greenhouse gas emissions and that beef has the highest GHG intensity of various animal proteins. Rising incomes in developing countries are driving increased consumption of meat and dairy. Meeting future global food demand will require boosting productivity while reducing losses and limiting new agricultural land clearing and conversion to pasture. Improving the sustainability and efficiency of livestock production systems worldwide can help address these challenges.
This document discusses solutions for sustainably feeding over 9 billion people by 2050. It notes that reducing food loss and waste could close around 22% of the "food gap." Specifically, cutting the rate of food loss and waste in half by 2050 could reduce needed calorie production increases. Shifting diets towards healthier, more efficient options like plant-based proteins and achieving replacement level fertility worldwide also feature prominently in the sustainable food future solutions discussed. Achieving replacement level fertility, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, could significantly reduce projected population growth.
Environmental Impact of the US Food Systemrobabrams
The US food system has significant environmental impacts, including soil depletion and water pollution from monoculture farming encouraged by subsidies. Farm subsidies promote overproduction of corn, wheat, soybeans and cotton, leading farmers to plant these crops continuously which depletes soils of nutrients and increases need for fertilizers. Excess fertilizers pollute waterways, causing algae blooms and "dead zones". While GMOs reduce some pesticide use, they carry environmental risks like herbicide-resistant weeds. Large-scale industrial agriculture also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions through fertilizer use, shipping of commodities over long distances, and fuel used in production. To help address these issues, people can make choices to eat local and organic foods.
Food is obtained from a variety of plant and animal sources. While there are over 30,000 edible plant species, only 15 plants and 8 animal species provide 90% of the world's food. The main global food resources are wheat, rice, cattle, sheep, goats and fish/seafood. However, increasing population growth, environmental degradation, and economic/political issues have led to ongoing problems with global food production, distribution and access. Malnutrition remains a major issue, especially in developing countries, and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide each year. Improving agricultural techniques, irrigation, crop varieties and resource management can help increase sustainable food production to better meet demand.
This document discusses food resources and the challenges of increasing global food production. It notes that while only a small number of plant and animal species provide the majority of our food, agriculture relies on a variety of sources including grains, livestock, and aquaculture. However, population growth has outpaced increases in food production, leading to problems like malnutrition. While improving farming techniques can boost yields, there are ecological limits to how much food the earth can sustainably produce.
The document discusses the role of agricultural biodiversity in improving nutrition and diets in developing countries. It notes that loss of biodiversity has contributed to poor nutrition outcomes and outlines several traditional agroecosystems that optimize both yields and nutrient outputs through the use of diverse crop combinations and intercropping practices. These systems provide dietary diversity and complementarities that help address micronutrient deficiencies. The document also raises important open questions about how to scale agricultural biodiversity approaches to improve nutrition security.
The document discusses various topics related to food resources and issues. It begins by defining food and describing the main sources of food as agriculture, animal husbandry, and fishing. While India is self-sufficient in food production, this is only due to unsustainable modern agriculture practices that pollute the environment. The document then covers food security issues globally and in India, causes of food shortages in India, and solutions to address the food problems. It also discusses effects of overgrazing, modern agriculture practices, and their environmental impacts.
Food systems, food security and environmental changeIIED
This is a presentation given by Dr John Ingram of Oxford University's Environmental Change Institute (ECI) to a Critical Theme organised by the International Institute for Environment and Development on 12 February 2015.
Dr Ingram leads the Environmental Change Institute's Food Systems Research and Training Programme, which aims to increase understanding of the interactions between food security and environmental change. The programme's research products have been adopted by national and international organisations, including the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the UK and Dutch governments.
In his presentation, Ingram looked at food system activities and 'planetary boundaries' – the safe operating space for humanity with respect to the earth's biophysical systems. If these planetary boundaries are crossed, then important subsystems, such as a monsoon system, could shift into a new state. Such shifts could have damaging consequences, including undermining the environmental conditions and the natural resource base on which our food security depends.
IIED hosts Critical Themes meetings to explore new ideas, introduce new research and broaden the knowledge of its staff.
More details: bit.ly/1CkRJ9K.
Nepal faces challenges with food security. Agriculture is important for Nepal's economy and livelihoods, with one-third of GDP and two-thirds of the population engaged in it. The country produces staples like rice, maize, and wheat, but production does not always meet requirements. Food security has chronic and acute dimensions. Chronically, many households do not have adequate nutrition throughout the year. Acute food insecurity occurs when shocks like natural disasters disrupt food sources. The government monitors food security indicators to understand situations and needs.
Role of beneficial microbes in next green revolutionMehjebinRahman2
The document summarizes the keynote speech given by Miss Mehjebin Rahman on probing beneficial microbes for the next green revolution. It discusses how the green revolution significantly increased food production but led to various negative environmental consequences. It argues that the next green revolution needs a more sustainable approach, and that microbes have great potential to promote plant growth and stress resistance while maintaining sustainability. Several companies are developing microbial treatments to boost yields without synthetic fertilizers. The document outlines various plant growth promoting microbes and their mechanisms, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and phytohormone production.
- 15 plant and 8 animal species supply 90% of global food, with wheat, rice, and corn providing half of all calories. 66% of people rely mainly on these grains.
- There are two main types of food production: industrialized agriculture which uses large amounts of chemicals and fossil fuels to grow monocultures, and traditional agriculture which is still practiced by most people globally.
- Population growth, degradation of cropland, and declining resources are exacerbating global food problems, though food production has doubled since 1940 and global undernutrition has decreased significantly in recent decades.
The food price crises amplifies preexisting inequalities in food distribution and quality globally
Beyond temporary shocks, the food system is undergoing long-term changes that affect everyone, particularly the poor.
Read more about Bioversity International’s work on diet diversity for nutrition and health
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Food is essential for human life and comes from a variety of sources. The main food resources are agricultural crops like wheat and rice, domesticated animals for milk and meat, and aquaculture for fish and seafood. However, world food problems involve chronic hunger, malnutrition, and undernourishment that impact millions of people each year due to complex interactions between food production, population growth, and other factors. Improving food production requires maximizing agricultural land use through techniques like crop rotation, introducing disease-resistant varieties, and integrating traditional and modern agricultural methods.
It is estimated that globally, some 190 million hectares of pulses contribute to five to seven million tonnes of nitrogen in soils. As pulses can fix their own nitrogen in the soil, they need less fertilizers, organic and synthetic, and in this way, they play a part in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Nutrition-sensitive landscapes was a side-event at the Int. Conference on Forests for Food Security organized by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and Bioversity International, all members of the CGIAR Consortium.
Céline Termote, research assistant with Bioversity International's Nutrition and Marketing Diversity Programme, shared some of her experiences from research she carried out in the Tshopo District in the Democratic Republic of Congo on wild edible plant knowledge and use. She found that peoples' knowledge of biodiversity was not always translated into their effective use of wild edible plants. She argued for better integration of participatory research techniques: "We should put people at the centre of the landscapes approach. Food is an expression of their culture, we must not forget that, “she said.
Learn more: http://liveblog.cifor.org/Event/Forests_for_food_security_and_nutrition/76707058#.UZNeGVGcnD4
Read more about Bioversity International’s work on marketing diversity for income and equity
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/marketing-diversity/?L=0
The document discusses challenges to global food security, including rising populations, decreasing agricultural land, climate change, natural disasters, conflicts, and poverty. It notes that over 900 million people worldwide do not have enough food. Key factors exacerbating food insecurity are increases in food and fuel prices, biofuel production, and imbalanced international trade policies. The document also outlines Malaysia's national food security policy and initiatives to increase agricultural output and ensure adequate, safe food supplies.
This document discusses the environmental impacts of the global food system, from production to consumption and waste. It notes that food production, especially meat and dairy, accounts for a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions. Industrial agriculture also uses vast amounts of water and land. Long-distance transportation of food contributes to its carbon footprint as well. The document recommends eating lower on the food chain by consuming more plants and less meat, choosing seasonal and minimally processed foods, reducing food waste, and engaging in sustainable agricultural practices.
Food security is defined as all people having access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs. Revolutions in agricultural technology, including mechanization, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and high-yielding crop varieties, have fulfilled the needs of growing populations by boosting food production. Advances in food preservation through techniques like canning have further revolutionized food security by allowing food to be safely stored and distributed over long periods and distances.
This document discusses the relationship between forests and achieving SDG 2 of ending hunger and malnutrition. It argues that forests directly and indirectly contribute to targets of ensuring access to food, ending malnutrition, conserving genetic diversity, and supporting smallholder farmers. Integrating forests into agriculture through approaches like agroforestry can help create more sustainable and resilient food production systems. However, challenges remain in changing policies, behaviors, land access issues, and longstanding institutional structures to fully realize the potential of forests for achieving food security goals. The takeaway is that forests are integral, not obstacles, to agriculture and meeting SDG 2 will require recoupling nature and food production through landscape-level integrated approaches.
This document discusses the role of livestock in food security, climate change, and resource use. It notes that livestock accounts for about 24% of global greenhouse gas emissions and that beef has the highest GHG intensity of various animal proteins. Rising incomes in developing countries are driving increased consumption of meat and dairy. Meeting future global food demand will require boosting productivity while reducing losses and limiting new agricultural land clearing and conversion to pasture. Improving the sustainability and efficiency of livestock production systems worldwide can help address these challenges.
This document discusses solutions for sustainably feeding over 9 billion people by 2050. It notes that reducing food loss and waste could close around 22% of the "food gap." Specifically, cutting the rate of food loss and waste in half by 2050 could reduce needed calorie production increases. Shifting diets towards healthier, more efficient options like plant-based proteins and achieving replacement level fertility worldwide also feature prominently in the sustainable food future solutions discussed. Achieving replacement level fertility, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, could significantly reduce projected population growth.
Environmental Impact of the US Food Systemrobabrams
The US food system has significant environmental impacts, including soil depletion and water pollution from monoculture farming encouraged by subsidies. Farm subsidies promote overproduction of corn, wheat, soybeans and cotton, leading farmers to plant these crops continuously which depletes soils of nutrients and increases need for fertilizers. Excess fertilizers pollute waterways, causing algae blooms and "dead zones". While GMOs reduce some pesticide use, they carry environmental risks like herbicide-resistant weeds. Large-scale industrial agriculture also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions through fertilizer use, shipping of commodities over long distances, and fuel used in production. To help address these issues, people can make choices to eat local and organic foods.
Food is obtained from a variety of plant and animal sources. While there are over 30,000 edible plant species, only 15 plants and 8 animal species provide 90% of the world's food. The main global food resources are wheat, rice, cattle, sheep, goats and fish/seafood. However, increasing population growth, environmental degradation, and economic/political issues have led to ongoing problems with global food production, distribution and access. Malnutrition remains a major issue, especially in developing countries, and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide each year. Improving agricultural techniques, irrigation, crop varieties and resource management can help increase sustainable food production to better meet demand.
This document discusses food resources and the challenges of increasing global food production. It notes that while only a small number of plant and animal species provide the majority of our food, agriculture relies on a variety of sources including grains, livestock, and aquaculture. However, population growth has outpaced increases in food production, leading to problems like malnutrition. While improving farming techniques can boost yields, there are ecological limits to how much food the earth can sustainably produce.
The document discusses food security challenges facing the world by 2050. Key points include:
- Global food production must increase 70% by 2050 to feed a rising population expected to reach 9.1 billion.
- Hunger currently affects over 821 million people worldwide and billions lack reliable access to nutritious food.
- Factors exacerbating food insecurity include population growth, changing diets, climate change, water scarcity, soil erosion, and plateauing crop yields.
- Solutions proposed are closing yield gaps, raising water productivity, balancing calorie and nutrient needs, reducing food waste, and supporting young farmers. UN agencies are working on programs like Zero Hunger to end hunger by 2030.
Food planet health Fabrice DeClerck CLUES 2020Alain Vidal
The document discusses a report from the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. It outlines the commission's goal of achieving healthy diets for nearly 10 billion people by 2050 through 1 goal, 2 targets, and 5 strategies. The targets are defined as healthy reference diets and planetary boundaries for environmental systems. Modeling was used to analyze measures to stay within boundaries while delivering healthy diets.
The document discusses several factors impacting the global food situation:
1) Rising food prices in recent years due to slowing supply growth and increasing demand.
2) Supply factors like higher energy costs, diversion of crops to biofuels, and weather disasters reducing production.
3) Demand factors like rising incomes and dietary changes in places like China and India increasing consumption.
4) To increase supplies and moderate prices, more investment is needed in global agriculture, research, and small farmer support.
Food for all:Alternatives to organic agriculture_Dr George Thomas(The Kerala ...India Water Portal
This presentation by Dr George Thomas, Professor of Agronomy, KAU made at the Kerala Environment Congress organised by the Centre for Environment and Development discusses the alternatives available to organic farming
The document discusses issues related to global food production and consumption. It covers topics like famines, overeating, food pyramids, nutritional problems, key food sources, agricultural policies, the Green Revolution, and genetic engineering. It notes that while food production has increased to keep pace with population growth, poverty and political conflicts still threaten food security in some developing nations.
B4FA 2012 Tanzania: The challenge of food security and sustainability for 9bn...b4fa
Presentation at the November 2012 dialogue workshop of the Biosciences for Farming in Africa media fellowship programme in Arusha, Tanzania.
Please see www.b4fa.org for more information
Transforming Agri-food Systems to Achieve Healthy Diets for AllCGIAR
Challenges: Why Agri-Food Systems Need to Be Transformed
Opportunities: What Science Can Offer to Address these Challenges
The CGIAR partnership: Our Contribution to achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Targets
More fuel for the food-feed debate (FAO , 2022)Wouter de Heij
See also:
https://www.foodlog.nl/artikel//twee-gebieden-en-twee-gedachten-over-eiwitproductie-voor-mensen/allcomments/#comment-323767
And
https://www.food4innovations.blog
How sustainable agriculture can address environmental problems by Leo H. and ...Shane Noel
Thank you for the thoughtful questions. I don't have personal views, but can discuss perspectives presented in the document. The factory fram model aims to maximize efficiency and profits through scale, specialization and mechanization, which can come at environmental and social costs if not managed sustainably. Changes to agriculture certainly influence diets. The energy comparisons help illustrate resource intensity and potential inefficiencies of different systems. Factory farming relies heavily on fossil fuels, so transitioning to renewable energy and practices like rotational grazing could help lower demands. Sustainable reforms are possible if stakeholders collaborate on balanced solutions that maintain productivity while protecting ecosystems and communities over the long run.
Crop failures can result from adverse weather conditions, pests, diseases, or poor farming practices and negatively impact food prices, nutrition, and local economies. Climate change exacerbates these risks by increasing extreme weather events and reducing crop yields. It also threatens food access by raising food prices when supply is low and decreases nutritional value by reducing protein and micronutrient content in crops. Food waste is another issue, with about a third of global food production lost between farm and market or market and table. International cooperation on sustainable agriculture, nutrition, and food systems is needed to ensure global food security.
The document discusses several issues relating to global food production and security. It notes that agriculture is one of the largest threats to biodiversity due to practices like pesticide use and soil degradation. Around 850 million people worldwide lack adequate food access. While the Green Revolution boosted yields in Mexico and India, continuing efforts face challenges in Africa. Solutions proposed include organic farming, genetically modified crops, and policies to support smallholder farmers. Overall, whether the world can sustainably feed itself in the future remains an open debate.
Future of food - An initial perspective by Prof. Wayne Bryden, Foundation C...Future Agenda
An initial perspective on the future of food by Prof. Wayne Bryden, Foundation Chair in Animal Science at the University of Queensland. This is the starting point for the global future agenda discussions taking place through 2015 as part of the futureagenda2.0 programme. www.futureagenda.org
The document provides an overview of issues related to global food production and nutrition. It discusses topics like the green revolution, genetic engineering, meat production, key food sources, and policies around sustainable agriculture. While food supplies have increased with population growth, problems still exist like chronic hunger, overeating in developed nations, and the environmental impacts of intensive agriculture. The document advocates for more sustainable practices and policies that encourage local food production.
The document summarizes research on the development of the livestock industry and its environmental impacts. It finds that the livestock industry is one of the largest contributors to environmental problems today, using vast amounts of land, water, and energy. Specifically:
- The livestock industry is responsible for more greenhouse gas emissions than all forms of transportation combined. It is a leading cause of deforestation, biodiversity loss, and water pollution.
- Growing feed for livestock consumes much of the world's grain, using land and water that could otherwise feed hungry people. Nearly two billion people could be fed with current grain fed to livestock.
- Raising animals also wastes precious fresh water resources, with the industry accounting for 70
The way we eat has a massive impact on the planet. Food production as A huge scale cause many problem to environment and ecosystem, that changing what we consume really can help cut greenhouse gas emissions and limit damage to vulnerable species and environments.
Global food crisis: causes severity and outlookVijay Keraba
Most immediate are the urgent hunger needs in over 37 developing countries, 20 of which are LDCs.
The global food crisis undermines one of the most fundamental human rights – “The right to be free from hunger and malnutrition.”
The 3 billion people living on $2 or less spend between 50 - 80% on food.
Food prices have increased by 83% in just three years.
The price increase has been observed particularly very sharp for staple food crops.
In June-Sept, 2012,
Price of maize increased by 50%
That of wheat increased by 45%
And price of soybean by 40%
“Rebellion of the Hungry”
From Mexico to Pakistan, food prices have doubled in three years and have sparked riots in numerous countries.
Cameroon, Africa- a strike over high fuel prices changed to protest about food prices, 20 people dead.
Egypt - at least 70 people killed, riots due to high price of bread.
The Sunday Herald described the world’s food situation as:
” The Biggest Crisis of the 21st Century”
Global food crisis-a most devastating phenomena: causes, severity and outlook...Vijay Keraba
global food crisis is becoming a very serious and most devastating phenomena of mankind. it need to be stopped, or else our next generation will witness a viral evil, food crisis.
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3. Food security exists when all people
at all times, have physical and
economic access to sufficient, safe
and nutritious food to meet their
dietary needs and food preferences for
an active and healthy life (FAO, 1996).
It has four dimensions:
i. Food availability,
ii. Access to food,
iii. Stability of supply and access, and
iv. Healthy food utilization.
5. Access to food?
Up to 2010, 925 million people were hungry in world
Because of soaring food prices and low purchase power
6. Some of the main drivers
underlying challenge of ensuring
food security around the globe are:
1.Global population growth coupled with
demographic change, and
2. Global climate change and other
environmental impacts
7. 1. Global population growth and demographic change,
increasing induce urbanization and increases demand
for food and changing patterns of demand where as
2. Rising affluence is associated with increases in food
consumption especially of meat and dairy products.
Much (but not all) of the expansion in population will
occur in developing countries: improving food security
(especially affordability, access and availability) is close
linked with the need to reduce poverty
8. Structure of the world diet, 2005-2007. Diet composition for 178 countries is represented by three data
points along a vertical line corresponding to national dietary energy supply (blue = energy share from
protein, red = energy share from fat, green = energy share from carbohydrate). As economies develop,
improvement in food access leads to increased caloric intake up to a plateau. From there, diet structure
changed: consumption of cereals and vegetables decreases while that of sugar, fats and animal products
increases. Developed countries have undergone this second transition over a century. A similar but greatly accelerated pattern
can be seen in Asia, Central and Latin America, and to a lesser extent in Africa, where these diet transitions are occurring within
20 years in emerging countries and within 40 years in developing countries. Source: Total energy supply and shares of protein,
fat and carbohydrate have been computed from the average values for the last three available years in the FAO database (2005,
2006 and 2007) Update to Combris 2006, courtesy of the author.
9. 2. Environmental perspective?
Climate is changing globally
This refers to a statistically significant variation in
either the mean state of the climate or in its
variability and persistence for an extended period
(typically decades or longer).
Climate may change due either to natural processes, external forcing,
or to persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of
the atmosphere or in land-use.
Source: ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: KEY TERMS,2006
10. Climate change will lead to:
Extreme heat and temperature,
Intense and longer droughts,
High frequency of heavy
precipitation,
Unprecedented floods and
Intense tropical cyclones
It is primarily via these impacts that climate change will have
negative effects on food security and nutrition.
11. Heat affected patients
being treated in France
Temperature anomaly in France Mohenjo-daro, Pakistan, temperature
reaches record high 53.70
C in 2010
12.
13. Islamabad: A motorcyclist rides on the dry
and cracked surface of Rawal Lake: The
main source of water supply to Rawalpindi.
14. According to the United Nations, drought
and desertification already threaten the
livelihood of some one billion people in
more than 110 countries around the world.
Severe
drought
impacts the
Brazilian
Amazon.
Thousands
of fishes
die at the
dry river
bed of
Half of India affected by extreme drought
15.
16.
17. Rains led declaration of "flash-flood
emergency" in Duluth, Minnesota
June 20, 2012)
Flood in Brisbane Duluth , Minnesota
18. The image in the middle was taken on August 15, 2010, and the
one on the left was snapped one year ago (2009). The blue
patches show the extend of the flooding, which have left 20
Million people homeless. Extreme left: flood in Badin dist. 2011
25. Emerging food insecurity : Rice crises in
2008
1. Drought led reduction in wheat
production in Australia,
2. Snow storm in China reduced
grain production
India withheld rice stock
Vietnam withheld rice stock
International market price shoot
up to 40%
Rice price shoots up in Thailand in response of global rice
demand leading to prison riots and theft of rice farms
Source data: Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
26.
27. 1.
2.
3
The large resulting gap between food supply and demand can be bridged by simultaneously applying three general
approaches. (1) Avoiding losses in current productive capacity can include actions to adapt to or mitigate climate
change, to reduce land and water degradation and to protect against emerging pests and disease. (2) Increasing
agricultural production per unit land area can be achieved through use of improved technologies, practices and
policies, more efficient use of existing agricultural land and targeted expansion of agricultural land and water use
(where negative environmental impacts are minimal). (3) Reducing food demand can be accomplished through
efforts to promote healthier and more sustainable food choices and to reduce food waste across supply chains.
None of these three approaches alone are sufficient and all three require substantial innovation in the food system.
Source: B Keating, CSIRO Sustainable Agriculture, based on Keating and Carberry (2010).
28. How to ensure food security in the wake of
increasing population and climate change?
1. Stop waste
2. Give priority to human food
over
animal feed
3. Improve varieties
4. Go organic
5. Use alternate food
a. artificial meet,
b. sea weeds
29. Food losses and waste within the food System. a) Per capita food losses and waste
(all agriculture products) at consumption and pre-consumption stages., b. Part of
initial cereal production lost or wasted at different staged of food supply chain. The
figure do not include losses due to animal feed
Per capita
food losses
and waste
(Kg year-1
)
Food losses
Cereals
1. Stop waste
30. 2. Stop using cereals for animal
feedBy 2050, 1,573 million tones of cereals will be used annually for non-food of which at
least 1.45 million tones can be estimated to be used as animal feed.
Each tone of cereal contain 3 million kcal. This means that the yearly non-food use of
cereals represents 4,350 billion kcal. Assuming daily need as 3,000 kcal, this will
translate into about 1 million kcal/year needed per person. The non-food use of cereals
is thus enough to cover the calorie need for about 4.35 billion people.
If we assume that 3 kg of cereals are used per kg animal product and each kg of
animal product contains half the calories in one kg cereals (≈ 1,500 kcal per kg
meat),this means that each kg of cereals used for feed will give 500 kcal for human
consumption and one tone cereals used for feed will give 0.5 million kcal, and the total
calorie production from feed grains (1.45MT) will thus be 787 billion kcal.
Subtracting this from the 4,350 billion calorie value of feed cereals will gives 3,563
billion calories. Thus, taking the energy value of the meat produced into consideration,
the loss of calories by feeding the cereals to animals represents the annual calorie
need for more than 3.5 billion people.
31. The "green" in Green Super Rice means
environmentally friendly. Researchers say it
will produce at least as much grain as other
rice plants but with fewer inputs. "Super"
means the rice is designed to better resist
droughts, floods, salty water, insects and
disease.
Chinese plant breeder Zhikang Li, worked
for 12 years with the Chinese Academy of
Agricultural Sciences and the International
Rice Research Institute in Philippines
developed GREEN SUPPER RICE
a series of rice varieties which produce
more than conventional varieties.
Green super rice, which could increase
yields in Asia enough to feed an extra 100
million people, will be rolled out in the
coming years. Several varieties should be
available to farmers about two years from
now in parts of Asia and Africa.
MPROVE VARIETIES: THE GREEN SUPPER RICE
33. What causes bio-fuel
expansion?
a. Industrial farming
A study made by John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in 2002
estimated that, using our current system, on the average
Three calories of energy were needed
to create one calorie of edible food.
Grain-fed beef requires thirty-five calories for every calorie of beef produced
John Hopkins study didn’t include the energy used in processing and transporting food.
Other studies that included food processing, storage and transportation
estimated that it takes an average of
7-10 calories of input energy
to produce one calorie of
35. 5. Use alternate food
a. Sea weeds (Grow Algae when we cannot
vacate land to produce more food
crops)
Under optimum conditions, commercial algae farms can produce 5,000-10,000 gallons of oil
per acre, compared to just 350 gallons of ethanol biofuel per acre grown with crops like
maize.
In addition, algae could feed millions of animals and act as a fertilizer. Replacing all US
ethanol (biofuel) production with algae oil would need around 2m acres of desert but, it
would allow 40 million acres of cropland to be planted with human food and save billions of
gallons of irrigation water a year.
Algae are at the bottom of the food chain but they are already eaten widely in Japan and
China in the form of seaweeds, and are used as fertilizers, soil conditioners and animal feed.
They range from giant seaweeds and kelps to microscopic slimes, are capable of fixing CO2
in the atmosphere and providing fats, oils and sugars.
They are eaten by everything from the tiniest shrimp to the great blue whales.
They are the base of all life and must be the future food," says Edwards.Source: Professor Mark Edwards of Arizona State University
36. SEAWEED HARVESTING IN BALI.
FROM SEAWEED TO SLIME, ALGAE IS THE FUTURE OF FOOD,
SAYS PROFESSOR MARK EDWARDS PHOTOGRAPH: ED
WRAY/AP
37. B. ARTIFICIAL MEAT
It looks like meat, feels like meat and it is meat, although it's never been near a
living, breathing animal. Instead, artificial or "cultured" meat is grown from stem
cells in giant vats.
Demand for meet is increasing, needs to open up new farmland. Cattle now occupy
nearly 1/4 of all cultivable land, and growing crops for animal feed takes up
another 25%.
Much of the research into artificial meat is being done in Europe where scientists
are developing edible tissue grown from stem cells in laboratories. But while the
first artificial hamburger could be developed next year, it might taste of nothing at
all.
Meat needs blood and fat to give it color and taste, and while stem cells for blood
and fat have been identified, the process is complex and expensive work.
Artificial meat is environment friendly as it uses far less water, energy and land
and few ethical objections largely because mass production of animals in factory
farms and use of growth hormones and antibiotics is already considered
questionable.
39. 6. Go technical Go Desertech
Much of the world is arid, with its only nearby water being the
sea.
So could there be a technology to green coastal deserts in places
such
as Chile, California, Peru and the Middle East using salt water?
Yes: seawater greenhouse (SWGH) is the answer
In the natural water cycle, seawater is heated by the sun,
evaporates, cools to form clouds, and returns to earth as rain.
Similarly, in SWGH, hot desert air goes into a Greenhouse, cooled and then
humidified by seawater. This humid air nourishes crops growing inside and
then passes through an evaporator. When it meets a series of tubes
containing cool seawater, fresh water condenses and is then collected.
Because the greenhouses produces more than five times the fresh water
needed to water the plants, some of it can be released into the local
environment to grow other plants.
Seawater greenhouses have been shown to work and this year a large-scale pilot
project backed by the Norwegian government will be built near Aqaba in Jordan.
The Sahara Forest Project
will combine different technologies to grow food and biofuel crops and be running by
2015.
40. But this is just one of many technologies being
developed to enable food to be grown in unlikely
places. One of the simplest, but most ambitious
plans, may be the long-mooted Great Green
Wall of Africa. This linear forest would be
15km wide and 7,775km long, and stretch
from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in
east Africa.
It would, say the 11 countries through which it
would pass, will help stop southward spread of
the Sahara, slow soil erosion and wind speeds,
help rain water filter into the ground and create
micro-climates to allow fruit, vegetables and
other crops to be grown.
Charlie Paton, a British inventor,
DESERTEC cont.
41. The desertec concept offer a solution to many of the problems
faced by the mankind.
It demonstrate a way to provide
climate protection,
energy security and development by generating sustainable
power from sites where renewable resource are at their most
abundant
The sun rich deserts of the world play special role .
Within Six hours, deserts receive more energy form the sun than
humankind consumes within a year.
In addition, 90% of the world’s population lives within 3000 km of
deserts which means it is applicable across the world.
Concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) plants are the key to
harnessing desert sun: they use heat from the sun to drive steam
turbines and generate electricity. This heat can also be stored in
heat tanks which means that electricity is available on demand.
The technology is proven and has been in use for years
DESERTEC cont.