This document discusses different types of surgical retractors. It begins by defining a retractor as an instrument used to separate surgical incision edges or hold back underlying tissues. There are two main categories: hand-held retractors which must be held during surgery, and self-retaining retractors which have mechanisms like screws or clamps to hold tissues without assistance. Several examples of specific retractors are described, including the Balfour abdominal retractor, Finochietto rib retractor, and Gelpi self-retaining retractor. Common hand-held retractors like the Senn, Army-Navy, Langenbeck, and Morris are also outlined. All described retractors are sterilized using autoclave methods

1. CHARNOCK HEALTCARE
INSTITUTE
SURGICAL RETRACTROS
By- ARITRA DUTTA
B.sc CCT ( 1st Year)

2. INTRO DUCTIO N : -
They are used to hold back tissues/organs in order to expose only those
organs/tissues that are being operated on they ensure visibility of the
surgical site. Retractors come in different shapes and sizes, depending
on anatomical location.To minimize trauma to the retracted organs and
tissues, the position of retractors must be frequently changed during
surgery.

3. DEFINITION :-
A retractor is a surgical instrument used to separate
the edges of a surgical incision or wound, or to hold
back underlying organs and tissues so that body
parts under the incision may be accessed.

4. Types of Surgical Retractors
There are two broad categories of retractors .
2– Hand Held Retractors :
• Must be held by an assistant, a robot or the surgeon during a procedure .
• Short time Surgery Procedure.
1 – Self Retaining Retractors :-
• Have a screw , ratchet or some type clamp to hold the tissue by itself.
These allow the surgeon with two free hands.
• Various types of retractors are usually named after the organ which
they are used in conjunction with
• Long time Surgery Procedures.

5. Self Retaining Retractors
Balfour Abdominal Retractor :-
 Balfour Abdominal Retractor is a self-retaining
retractor used in laparotomy procedures.
 It may also be used for specific abdominal procedures
where the abdomen needs to be held open for
examination or evaluation, such as cesarean sections
and bowel resection.
 The Balfour retractor features adjustable side walls,
available with a standard 7" spread or an expanded
10" spread. Both solid blades are available.
 It also comes with a scoop style bladder blade,
available in multiple dimensions, that the physician
may or may not choose to use.
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave method.

6. Finochietto Rib Retractor :-
Finochietto Rib Retractors is a specialized surgical
instrument frequently used during thoracotomy
procedures to gain access to internal organs. it is
frequently used during cardiovascular and trauma
surgeries.
• BladeTo Decrease SoftTissueTrauma
•Streamlined Design For Superior Control
•Screw Lock
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave
method .

7. Gelpi Self Retaining Retractor :-
 Gelpi Self Retaining Retractor is a
specialized surgical instrument
commonly used for retraction of deep
and superficial tissues.
 Its unique shape makes it ideal for
retracting bulkier tissues as well as hard
to reach incision sites. Frequently used
during gynecological, neurological as
well as general surgeries.
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave
method .

8. Common Hand- held retractors :-
 The Senn Retractor is a handheld, double-
ended retractor used to retract primarily
surface tissue.
 It is often used in plastic surgery, small
bone and joint procedures, or
thyroidectomy and dissection of neck
tissue.
SENN :-
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave
method .

9. Army navy :-
Army- Navy - Used to retract shallow or
superficial incisions. From small wounds
to abdominal operations.
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave
method .

10. LANGENBECK RETRACTOR :-
 Langenbeck Retractor is a very popular
surgical device that allows surgeons to
pull back soft tissues and incision or
wound edges during a wide range of
general surgeries.
 Versatile L-Shaped tip for retracting wide
slices of tissue.
 Hernia, Appendix etc.
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave
method .

11. Morris Retractor :-
Morris Retractor is a multipurpose hand-held tool used
to widen incision edges or wound borders during a
broad range of surgical procedures, especially those
involving the thoracoabdominal area.
• Practical L-Shaped Blade For Performing Deep
Retractions.
• Elongated Slim Shaft For ImprovingVision.
• Handle For Maximum Control.
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave method .

12. Doyen Retractor :-
Doyen Retractor is a multipurpose surgical tool
that allows surgeons to widen surgical incisions
for exposing their underlying cavities, hidden
spaces, and the organs within the operating site.
• Wide Curved Blade For Retracting Multiple
Tissue Layers.
• Ergonomic Hollow Handle For Superior
Control.
• Pelvic Surgery
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave method .

13. DEAVER RETRACTORS :-
Deaver Retractor is a popular surgical device
that allows surgeons to widen surgical incisions
and hold the large organs contained inside the
abdominal cavity during a wide range of
general surgery procedures.
• Flat Curved Blade For Retracting Multiple
Tissue Layers.
• AtraumaticWorking Surface For Avoiding
Local Injury.
• Liver Retraction
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave method .

14. CATS PAW RETRACTORS :-
Catpaw retractor is used to retract
the skin during minor operation.This
instrument is used in removing the
small lumps and bumps just under
the the skin.
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave method .

15. HOOK RETRACTORS :-
Hooks are used in a similar way
to retractors but feature a long
rod with single or double ended
tips. These tips can be sharp or
blunt and are used to hold and
move nerves, veins and smaller
vessels.
STERILIZATION :- It is sterilize by Autoclave method .

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