Scrubbing and Gowning
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Surgical scrubbing and gowning is done to reduce bacteria on hands and forearms to a safe level before surgery. The document outlines the scrubbing process which involves removing jewelry, trimming nails, and washing hands and forearms with antimicrobial soap. It describes scrubbing in a timed or counted strokes method for 5 minutes while keeping hands raised. The ideal surgical scrub reduces bacteria, has persistent effects under gloves, and is non-irritating to skin.
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Surgical scrubbing
Surgical scrubbing is a process used to reduce bacteria on the hands and forearms prior to surgery. It involves using a scrub brush and antiseptic soap to remove dirt and decrease the number of microbes. The objectives are to remove soil, reduce resident microbial counts, and prevent rapid regrowth of bacteria. Proper scrubbing includes removing jewelry and trimming nails short. Two common scrub methods are the timed anatomical scrub and counted strokes method, lasting 5 minutes. The pre-scrub involves washing with soap and water followed by cleaning under nails prior to in-depth scrubbing and rinsing from fingertips to elbows. An ideal antiseptic agent is broad spectrum, persistent, non-irritating, and safe
Scrubbing, gowning and gloving technique
This document outlines proper scrubbing, gowning, and gloving technique for surgical procedures. It discusses removing transient and resident microorganisms from the skin through mechanical washing using scrubbing agents like soap, povidone iodine, or chlorhexidine for 5-10 minutes. Proper attire is also covered, including scrub suits, caps, masks, and protective clothing. The scrubbing procedure is described in steps from washing hands and nails to drying with towels. Gowning involves putting arms in a sterile gown without touching the outside and keeping hands in sight at all times. Gloves are put on using either an open or closed method.
Surgical draping
The document discusses surgical draping, including its definition, aims, importance, types of drapes, draping procedures, positions, rules, and precautions. Specifically, surgical draping involves using sterile fabric to isolate the surgical site and maintain a sterile field. It aims to prevent contamination and maintain sterility. Various draping materials, techniques, and standards are covered to outline best practices for ensuring a sterile environment.
Surgical Scrubbing Gowning Gloving
This document provides instructions for surgical scrubbing, gowning, and gloving before entering an operating room. It describes a two-phase process for scrubbing hands and forearms with soap and water followed by rubbing with a disinfectant for 5 minutes. It details how to properly put on and tie a surgical gown with assistance and how to don sterile gloves, starting with the left hand first, while being assisted by a scrub nurse. The goal is to reduce bacteria on the skin and provide a sterile surgical field.
OT table
1. The operating room table is fully adjustable to position patients in various surgical positions and orientations. It has movable sections, articulating joints, and tilt capabilities to manipulate the patient as needed.
2. Accessories like armboards, leg holders, and overhead tables provide support and access around the patient. The table also has features like smooth contours, radiolucency, and electrical or hydraulic controls for adjustments.
3. Proper positioning is important for patient safety, surgical access, and physiological needs. It prevents pressure points, maintains circulation and breathing, and positions anatomical structures for procedures. Common positions include supine, prone, lateral, lithotomy and their variations.
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Scrubbing, Gowning and Gloving.pptx
This document summarizes the proper techniques for surgical hand scrubbing, gowning, and gloving. It explains that these aseptic techniques are important for preventing surgical site infections by removing microorganisms from hands and maintaining a sterile field. The key steps described include using antiseptic solutions like chlorhexidine or povidone iodine for 3-5 minutes, drying hands thoroughly, donning sterile gowns ensuring sleeves and gloves are fully covered, and maintaining sterility of hands and arms during procedures.
Medicated-Bath
This document discusses medicated baths, which involve dispersing medication in water for therapeutic purposes to treat dermatological conditions. It describes different types of medicated baths like Epsom salt baths, oat meal baths, and sulfur baths. The document provides indications for various medicated baths to treat issues like psoriasis, eczema, itching, and arthritis pain. It outlines the preparatory, performance, and follow-up phases of administering a medicated bath and notes supplies needed. Potential complications are mentioned along with nursing responsibilities to monitor patients during and after medicated baths.
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Surgical scrubbing
Surgical scrubbing is a process used to reduce bacteria on the hands and forearms prior to surgery. It involves using a scrub brush and antiseptic soap to remove dirt and decrease the number of microbes. The objectives are to remove soil, reduce resident microbial counts, and prevent rapid regrowth of bacteria. Proper scrubbing includes removing jewelry and trimming nails short. Two common scrub methods are the timed anatomical scrub and counted strokes method, lasting 5 minutes. The pre-scrub involves washing with soap and water followed by cleaning under nails prior to in-depth scrubbing and rinsing from fingertips to elbows. An ideal antiseptic agent is broad spectrum, persistent, non-irritating, and safe
Scrubbing, gowning and gloving technique
This document outlines proper scrubbing, gowning, and gloving technique for surgical procedures. It discusses removing transient and resident microorganisms from the skin through mechanical washing using scrubbing agents like soap, povidone iodine, or chlorhexidine for 5-10 minutes. Proper attire is also covered, including scrub suits, caps, masks, and protective clothing. The scrubbing procedure is described in steps from washing hands and nails to drying with towels. Gowning involves putting arms in a sterile gown without touching the outside and keeping hands in sight at all times. Gloves are put on using either an open or closed method.
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The document discusses surgical draping, including its definition, aims, importance, types of drapes, draping procedures, positions, rules, and precautions. Specifically, surgical draping involves using sterile fabric to isolate the surgical site and maintain a sterile field. It aims to prevent contamination and maintain sterility. Various draping materials, techniques, and standards are covered to outline best practices for ensuring a sterile environment.
Surgical Scrubbing Gowning Gloving
This document provides instructions for surgical scrubbing, gowning, and gloving before entering an operating room. It describes a two-phase process for scrubbing hands and forearms with soap and water followed by rubbing with a disinfectant for 5 minutes. It details how to properly put on and tie a surgical gown with assistance and how to don sterile gloves, starting with the left hand first, while being assisted by a scrub nurse. The goal is to reduce bacteria on the skin and provide a sterile surgical field.
OT table
1. The operating room table is fully adjustable to position patients in various surgical positions and orientations. It has movable sections, articulating joints, and tilt capabilities to manipulate the patient as needed.
2. Accessories like armboards, leg holders, and overhead tables provide support and access around the patient. The table also has features like smooth contours, radiolucency, and electrical or hydraulic controls for adjustments.
3. Proper positioning is important for patient safety, surgical access, and physiological needs. It prevents pressure points, maintains circulation and breathing, and positions anatomical structures for procedures. Common positions include supine, prone, lateral, lithotomy and their variations.
barrier nsg.pptx
The document discusses isolation precautions and barrier nursing techniques used to prevent the spread of infection in clinical settings. It defines isolation as techniques used to limit the spread of infection from infected to non-infected individuals. Barrier nursing refers to stringent infection control techniques used in nursing to protect medical staff and isolate infectious patients. The document outlines various isolation precautions like contact, airborne and droplet precautions. It emphasizes the importance of proper use of personal protective equipment, hand hygiene, environmental cleaning and other standard safety precautions to interrupt transmission of microorganisms in healthcare settings.
Scrubbing, Gowning and Gloving.pptx
This document summarizes the proper techniques for surgical hand scrubbing, gowning, and gloving. It explains that these aseptic techniques are important for preventing surgical site infections by removing microorganisms from hands and maintaining a sterile field. The key steps described include using antiseptic solutions like chlorhexidine or povidone iodine for 3-5 minutes, drying hands thoroughly, donning sterile gowns ensuring sleeves and gloves are fully covered, and maintaining sterility of hands and arms during procedures.
Medicated-Bath
This document discusses medicated baths, which involve dispersing medication in water for therapeutic purposes to treat dermatological conditions. It describes different types of medicated baths like Epsom salt baths, oat meal baths, and sulfur baths. The document provides indications for various medicated baths to treat issues like psoriasis, eczema, itching, and arthritis pain. It outlines the preparatory, performance, and follow-up phases of administering a medicated bath and notes supplies needed. Potential complications are mentioned along with nursing responsibilities to monitor patients during and after medicated baths.
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This document discusses the importance of proper hand washing and surgical scrubbing. It notes that during the 19th century, surgical hand preparation involved washing hands with antimicrobial soap and warm water, often using a brush. Proper hand washing, especially in hospital settings, is an effective infection control measure that can prevent the spread of microorganisms. The document outlines the steps for surgical scrubbing, which includes soaping and vigorously scrubbing the hands and arms for 5-10 minutes using circular motions and getting under fingernails and jewelry. The goal is to remove bacteria to prevent transmission of infections to patients or oneself.
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This document provides instructions for gloving and degloving procedures. It describes how to properly put on sterile gloves using either a closed or open gloving technique to avoid contamination. Key steps include unrolling the glove cuff over the sleeve and not touching the bare hand to any external surfaces. It also explains how to remove gloves by the glove-to-glove method to ensure the bare skin does not contact the contaminated outside of the soiled gloves. The overall goal is to protect healthcare workers and keep sterile areas free from pathogens.
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The document provides instructions for surgical scrub, gowning, and gloving techniques. It was prepared by Mark Fredderick R. Abejo, RN, MAN. The document outlines the 10 minute process for surgical scrub from fingertips to elbows using soap and water. It also describes how to properly put on a sterile gown after scrubbing and how to use either an open or closed method to don sterile gloves in order to complete the sterile surgical dress. The goal of these techniques is to prevent contamination and surgical site infections.
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Hand Hygiene..
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This document outlines the process for wound dressing. The key aims are to keep the wound clean, lessen the spread of microorganisms, hasten tissue healing, and absorb or localize drainage. The procedure involves preparing sterile equipment and the patient, cleaning the wound with antiseptic solution, removing any dead tissue, applying a sterile dressing, and securing it with a bandage. Proper hand washing and sterile technique are emphasized to prevent infection.
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This document outlines the proper steps and protocols for surgical hand preparation. It discusses keeping nails short, removing jewelry, washing hands with soap, scrubbing each finger and side of the hands and arms for 2 minutes with a medicated soap, rinsing in one direction from fingertips to elbows, and drying hands aseptically before donning gloves in the operating theater. It also briefly mentions the use of alcohol-based handrubs as an alternative to soap and water. The document provides detailed instructions to ensure surgical hands and arms are thoroughly cleaned and sterile prior to procedures.
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Surgical scrub is a process used to reduce bacteria on hands and forearms prior to surgery. It involves mechanically scrubbing the skin with an antiseptic soap containing chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine to reduce resident microbes to a safe level. The surgical scrub process is performed in stages - wetting the skin, applying the antimicrobial solution, and rinsing from fingertips to elbows while keeping hands raised.
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This document discusses the importance of proper hand washing and surgical scrubbing. It notes that during the 19th century, surgical hand preparation involved washing hands with antimicrobial soap and warm water, often using a brush. Proper hand washing, especially in hospital settings, is an effective infection control measure that can prevent the spread of microorganisms. The document outlines the steps for surgical scrubbing, which includes soaping and vigorously scrubbing the hands and arms for 5-10 minutes using circular motions and getting under fingernails and jewelry. The goal is to remove bacteria to prevent transmission of infections to patients or oneself.
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1. A dressing is applied directly to a wound to promote healing and protect it. It is distinguished from a bandage, which holds the dressing in place.
2. The purposes of wound dressing are to control bleeding, absorb exudate, ease pain, and protect newly formed tissue from further harm.
3. Proper wound dressing involves cleaning the area, applying any necessary ointments, covering with sterile gauze or pads, securing with a bandage, and instructing the patient on aftercare.
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This document provides guidelines for the proper care and cleaning of stainless steel instruments. It discusses that stainless steel is heat resistant, anticorrosive, and durable. The most common instruments include forceps, needles, scopes, and sharp instruments. Principles of care include handling instruments carefully, not boiling them repeatedly, and sterilizing using chemicals or autoclaving. Sharp instruments can be sterilized using hot air or chemical disinfectants. Needles should be decontaminated and either destroyed or autoclaved if reusable. Other instruments should be rinsed, cleaned, and autoclaved. Glassware should be cleaned smoothly and sterilized with dry heat.
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The document provides instructions for surgical scrub, gowning, and gloving techniques. It was prepared by Mark Fredderick R. Abejo, RN, MAN. The document outlines the 10 minute process for surgical scrub from fingertips to elbows using soap and water. It also describes how to properly put on a sterile gown after scrubbing and how to use either an open or closed method to don sterile gloves in order to complete the sterile surgical dress. The goal of these techniques is to prevent contamination and surgical site infections.
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Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that handwashing with antiseptic solutions could prevent the spread of disease between patients. He observed that women giving birth in clinics where doctors examined corpses first without washing hands had a higher rate of puerperal fever than clinics where this did not occur. Proper hand hygiene, including washing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub, is important in medical settings to remove pathogens and prevent transmission of infection between patients and staff. The World Health Organization recommends cleaning hands at five key moments: before touching a patient, before clean procedures, after risk of body fluid exposure, after touching a patient, and after contact with patient surroundings.
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This document outlines the process for wound dressing. The key aims are to keep the wound clean, lessen the spread of microorganisms, hasten tissue healing, and absorb or localize drainage. The procedure involves preparing sterile equipment and the patient, cleaning the wound with antiseptic solution, removing any dead tissue, applying a sterile dressing, and securing it with a bandage. Proper hand washing and sterile technique are emphasized to prevent infection.
Care and Maintenance of Surgical Instruments
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This document provides guidelines for proper hand washing techniques. It emphasizes that hand hygiene is the most important way to prevent the spread of infection. It defines hand washing as vigorously rubbing all surfaces of hands lathered with soap and rinsed with water. It lists the World Health Organization's "Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" which indicate when hand washing should occur. These include before and after contact with patients. It also lists other situations that require hand washing such as before handling medicines or invasive devices. The document describes the steps to properly wash hands with soap and water as well as using alcohol-based hand rubs. It stresses the nurse's responsibility to role model and teach proper hand washing.
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This document discusses parameters that are routinely monitored during surgical procedures, including electrocardiography (ECG), blood oxygen saturation levels (SpO2), blood pressure, end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), and temperature. Key parameters like ECG, SpO2, and blood pressure must be monitored throughout surgery. Precise measurement requires properly attaching sensors and being aware of potential errors from issues like loose or misplaced sensors. Monitoring continues in recovery to track patient status after the procedure.
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This document provides instructions for performing back care and massage. It defines back care as cleaning and massaging the back with special attention to pressure points to relax the client. The purposes of back care are listed as improving circulation, refreshing mood, and relieving fatigue, pain, and stress. The procedure outlines the necessary equipment, positioning the client, cleansing and massaging the back using specific movements, and documenting the care.
Wound care
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This document discusses surgical wound dressing. It defines a surgical wound and different types of dressings used including semi-permeable film, foam, hydrogel, hydrocolloid and alginate dressings. The purpose and principles of wound dressing are explained. The preparation needed for surgical wound dressing is described along with the articles and equipment required. The step-by-step procedure for surgical wound dressing is demonstrated along with safety considerations and documentation requirements.
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Proper aseptic technique and administration of antimicrobial prophylaxis are essential for preventing surgical site infections. The document discusses the history and evolution of aseptic techniques, including the use of sterile instruments and dressings. It provides detailed steps for surgical hand scrubbing and gloving using aseptic technique. The timing and appropriate selection of antimicrobial agents for prophylaxis is important to reduce infection risks according to several studies discussed.
Microbiology Series 2- Asepsis.pptx
This document discusses different types of asepsis used in medical settings. It distinguishes between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis aims to reduce transmission of pathogens between patients through cleanliness, while surgical asepsis aims for sterility to prevent introduction of organisms into wounds or body cavities. The document outlines the different emphases, purposes, zones of control, handwashing procedures, gown uses, and goals of medical versus surgical asepsis. It also provides principles for maintaining aseptic technique.
Hand washing
This document provides guidelines for proper hand hygiene. It explains that hand hygiene includes handwashing with soap and water, use of alcohol-based hand rub, and surgical antisepsis. Regular hand hygiene is important for removing dirt, transient bacteria, and preventing the spread of infection. The guidelines list 10 situations that require hand hygiene and describe a 14 step procedure for proper handwashing technique, including using friction to clean all hand surfaces thoroughly and drying hands completely. Maintaining clean hands and nails is emphasized.
Opearation theatre Etiquette
The document provides guidelines for operating theatre practices to prevent surgical site infections. Some key points:
1) Proper infection control practices like preoperative patient shower, nasal decolonization for certain surgeries, appropriate hair removal and antiseptic skin preparation can reduce infection risks.
2) Strict adherence to attire, behavioral and environmental standards like proper scrub suits, caps, masks, surgical hand scrubbing and gloving techniques are important for the surgical team.
3) Maintaining optimal temperature, airflow, humidity and air changes in the operating theatre helps control infections. Proper draping and limiting exposure of the surgical site are also recommended.
Hand wash.ppt
Handwashing and hand hygiene are the most effective ways to reduce transmission of infectious diseases. Proper handwashing technique involves wetting hands, applying soap, rubbing hands together for 30 seconds, rinsing thoroughly, and drying completely. Alcohol-based hand rub is also effective and more convenient, but soap and water should be used when hands are visibly soiled. Hospitals conduct regular audits of staff hand hygiene practices to monitor compliance with WHO guidelines of washing hands before and after contact with patients and in other high risk situations.
handwashing for operation theater and surgical scrubbing
handwashing is an important technique performed before any aseptic procedure
Hand hygiene
This document discusses the importance of hand hygiene for healthcare workers. It defines hand hygiene as cleaning hands with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub to remove germs. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after touching patients, after body fluid exposure, and before and after clean procedures to protect patients and healthcare workers from harmful germs. The document describes different types of hand washing including social, clinical, and surgical hand scrubs. It provides guidelines on proper handwashing technique and emphasizes that hand hygiene is the most important way to prevent the spread of germs in healthcare settings and prevent hospital-acquired infections.
Module 3_ Hand Hygiene.ppt
This document discusses proper hand hygiene techniques for healthcare workers. It covers the importance of hand hygiene in reducing infection spread, different hand hygiene methods like hand washing, hand antisepsis, antiseptic hand rubs and surgical hand scrubs. The techniques for each method are described in detail. Barriers to hand hygiene compliance and strategies to improve practices are also reviewed.
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handwashing for operation theater and surgical scrubbing
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NPWTi-d provides negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time to manage trauma and orthopaedic wounds. It uses topical solutions to clean wounds, remove debris, and locally deliver drugs. Studies show NPWTi-d increases wound closure and granulation rates, reduces hospital stays and costs. However, it does not replace surgery or treat certain wound types. Overall, NPWTi-d facilitates wound healing by creating an optimal environment through negative pressure, irrigation, and local drug delivery.
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This document summarizes tendon transfer techniques for treating radial nerve palsy. Radial nerve palsy can result from injuries to the nerve in the axilla, shoulder, radial groove, or elbow. Tendon transfers are considered when nerve recovery fails or the nerve is irreparable. The goals are restoring finger, thumb, and wrist extension. Common techniques transfer the palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, and flexor digitorum superficialis tendons to restore function. Post-operative casting and rehabilitation focuses on protecting the transfers while regaining range of motion and strength.
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An adult male presented with a distal femur closed fracture 6 hours after injury. The preoperative plan would include classifying the fracture and outlining the postoperative protocol, which typically involves osteosynthesis followed by rehabilitation.
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Journal club on Surgical Management of the Problematic hip in adolescent and ...
Journal club on Surgical Management of the Problematic hip in adolescent and ...All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal
- The document discusses surgical management techniques for problematic hip conditions in adolescent and young adult patients. These include femoro-acetabular impingement, hip instability, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, and advanced osteoarthritis.
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Cubital Tunnel Syndrome involves compression or traction of the ulnar nerve around the elbow, causing loss of sensation and muscle weakness in the hand. Non-surgical treatments include splinting and avoiding aggravating activities, which help in mild cases. Surgical treatment may be needed if symptoms are constant or worsening, and includes simple nerve decompression or transposition of the nerve. Recurrence rates after surgery can be as high as 19%, so prevention of iatrogenic nerve damage during surgery is important. Studies have found similar outcomes for nerve function recovery with decompression versus transposition procedures.
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The document summarizes findings from an imaging journal club discussion on MRI findings related to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), both with and without tears and after reconstruction. Key points discussed include MRI signs of ACL and PCL tears like avulsion fractures and fiber disruption, evaluation of graft incorporation and healing after reconstruction, and assessment of tunnel placement and enlargement.
Fat Embolism
Fat embolism occurs when fat enters the bloodstream from broken bones or other injuries. It can disrupt circulation in the lungs, brain, and skin. Symptoms appear within 1-3 days and include respiratory distress, neurological changes, and a rash. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria involving these organ systems. Treatment focuses on supportive care like oxygen supplementation, ventilation if needed, and managing complications. Outcomes have improved but risks of ARDS and cerebral edema remain.
JC on CALCANEUM FRACTURE
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This document provides an overview of plastic and reconstructive surgery techniques. It discusses various types of grafts and flaps used to manage soft tissue defects, including split thickness skin grafts, full thickness skin grafts, nerve grafts, tendon grafts, random flaps, axial flaps, pedicled flaps, and free flaps. Specific techniques are described for cross leg flaps, biceps femoris flaps, gastrocnemius flaps, soleus flaps, and peroneous brevis flaps to cover defects in the lower limbs. Key principles of plastic surgery like adequate debridement and minimal skin tension are also summarized.
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Tuberculosis of the spine, also known as Pott's disease, was first described in 1799. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis which spreads hematogenously from a primary infection site to the spine. India has a high prevalence of spinal tuberculosis, accounting for around 1-3% of all TB cases. The disease most commonly affects the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spine. Clinical features include back pain, stiffness, deformity, and neurological deficits in advanced cases. Diagnosis involves imaging like X-rays and MRI to identify vertebral body destruction, as well as tests to detect M. tuberculosis from biopsy or aspirate samples. Advanced disease can compress the spinal cord, potentially causing parapleg
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Here are some key objectives of communication with children:
Build Trust and Security:
Establish a safe and supportive environment where children feel comfortable expressing themselves.
Encourage Expression:
Enable children to articulate their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
Promote Emotional Understanding:
Help children identify and understand their own emotions and the emotions of others.
Enhance Listening Skills:
Develop children’s ability to listen attentively and respond appropriately.
Foster Positive Relationships:
Strengthen the bond between children and caregivers, peers, and other adults.
Support Learning and Development:
Aid cognitive and language development through engaging and meaningful conversations.
Teach Social Skills:
Encourage polite, respectful, and empathetic interactions with others.
Resolve Conflicts:
Provide tools and guidance for children to handle disagreements constructively.
Encourage Independence:
Support children in making decisions and solving problems on their own.
Provide Reassurance and Comfort:
Offer comfort and understanding during times of distress or uncertainty.
Reinforce Positive Behavior:
Acknowledge and encourage positive actions and behaviors.
Guide and Educate:
Offer clear instructions and explanations to help children understand expectations and learn new concepts.
By focusing on these objectives, communication with children can be both effective and nurturing, supporting their overall growth and well-being.
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Scrubbing and Gowning
- 1. Surgical Scrubbing and Gowning Presenter:- Dr. Niraj Raj Guide - Dr. John Sir
- 2. Introduction • Surgical scrub is a process of removing or decreasing bacterial count and resident skin flora from hands and the forearms to a safe level of surgical acceptance by mechanical scrub with the help of scrub brush and a chemical antiseptic soap.
- 3. Objectives • To remove soil and transient microbes from the hands and forearms. • To reduce the resident microbial count to as lower level as possible. • To inhibit rapid rebound growth of microbes.
- 4. Preparations • All jewellery should be removed from the hands and forearms. • Fingernails should be free of polish and trimmed short. • Hands and forearms should be free of open lesions and breaks in skin integrity. • Open your gown and gloves before you scrub, so as not to contaminate your hands.
- 5. Scrub Procedures • Two scrub procedures are commonly used: 1. Timed anatomic scrub:- All surfaces of the hand and arm are scrubbed for a specified length of time. 2. Counted strokes method :- Each part of the hand and arm receives a specific number of scrub strokes . • Duration of scrub 5 minutes
- 6. Scrubbing • Wet the hands and forearms. • Apply antimicrobial solution. • Keep hands above elbows at all times. • Rinse and repeat these steps keeping hands raised above elbows at all times.
- 7. • The second wash should only cover two thirds of the forearms to avoid compromising cleanliness of hands. • Third time, repeat the steps to wrists only. • Rinse the hands under running water, allowing the water to run from fingertips to elbows.
- 9. Characteristics of a Surgical Scrub 1. Anti-microbial action: An ideal agent must have a broad spectrum of anti-microbial activity. 2. Persistent activity: An agent offering persistent activity keeps the bacterial count low under the gloves. 3. Safety: The ideal agent must be non irritating and non-sensitizing. It must not be damaging to the skin and environment.