WARNING: sources will be soon updated
Oct, 2014 - Presentation delivered to Energy and Society students at the University of Iowa about Sugarcane in Brazil. The idea was provide historical and present context about sugarcane and its by-products in Brazil. Also, information about the future is discussed.
Sugar Manufacturing Industry. Mini Sugar Plant. Sugarcane Mill. How Cane Suga...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Sugar can be produced from sugarcane, sugar-beet or any other crop having sugar content. But in India, sugarcane is the main source of sugar. At present, this is the second largest agro-based industry of India after cotton textile industry. This industry involves a total capital investment of Rs. 1,250 crore and provides employment to 2.86 lakh workers. In addition, 2.50 crore sugarcane growers also get benefit from this industry. India has a long tradition of manufacturing sugar.
Sugar industry is an important agro-based industry that impacts rural livelihood of about 50 million sugarcane farmers and around 5 lakh workers directly employed in sugar mills. India is the second largest producer of sugar in the world after Brazil and is also the largest consumer. Indian sugar industry is a critical industry, as on one hand it services the domestic market, the largest in the world and on the other hand, it supports 50 million farmers and their families. It is the second largest agro based industry in India.
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Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Sugar Manufacturing Industry in India, Sugar Manufacturing Plant, Manufacturing of Sugar in Industry, Sugar Making Business, Sugar Production from Cane Sugar, How is Sugar Made from Sugarcane, Sugar Production Process, Sugar Manufacturing Process, Sugar Production Plant, Sugar Manufacturing Process, Manufacture of Sugar from Sugarcane, Sugar Production, Sugar Industry in India, Sugar Manufacturing Business, Process of Sugar Manufacturing Business, How Sugar is Processed, Sugar Industry Business Plan, Sugar Mill Business Plan, Start Sugar Manufacturing Business, How to Open Sugar Mill, What is the Minimum Capital Required to Start Sugar Mill, Mini Sugar Plant, Sugar Production Business Plan, Indian Sugar Industry, Sugar Manufacturing Company, Sugar Plant in India, How to Start Sugar Factory, Sugar Manufacturing Factory, Sugar Production Unit, Setting Up Sugar Factory, How do I Start Sugar Factory? How Sugar is made? Sugar Manufacturing project ideas, Sugar Production from Sugarcane, Projects on Small Scale Industries, Small scale industries projects ideas, Sugar Manufacturing Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Project profile on small scale industries, How to Start Sugar Manufacturing Industry in India, Sugar Manufacturing Projects, New project profile on Sugar Manufacturing industries, Project Report on Sugar Manufacturing Industry, Detailed Project Report on Sugar Production, Project Report on Sugar Production from Sugarcane, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Sugar Manufacturing,
OVERVIEW & OUTLOOK:BRAZILIAN SUGARCANE INDUSTRY by Leticia Phillips, Representative in North America for the Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association - UNICA. Presentation featured at the 2nd International Conference: Brazil: A pathway into the future from the Emerging Markets Institute at Cornell University's Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management and Better Brazil
Sugar Manufacturing Industry. Mini Sugar Plant. Sugarcane Mill. How Cane Suga...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Sugar can be produced from sugarcane, sugar-beet or any other crop having sugar content. But in India, sugarcane is the main source of sugar. At present, this is the second largest agro-based industry of India after cotton textile industry. This industry involves a total capital investment of Rs. 1,250 crore and provides employment to 2.86 lakh workers. In addition, 2.50 crore sugarcane growers also get benefit from this industry. India has a long tradition of manufacturing sugar.
Sugar industry is an important agro-based industry that impacts rural livelihood of about 50 million sugarcane farmers and around 5 lakh workers directly employed in sugar mills. India is the second largest producer of sugar in the world after Brazil and is also the largest consumer. Indian sugar industry is a critical industry, as on one hand it services the domestic market, the largest in the world and on the other hand, it supports 50 million farmers and their families. It is the second largest agro based industry in India.
See more
https://goo.gl/FMt8pD
https://goo.gl/1bYroa
https://goo.gl/Yz39i6
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Sugar Manufacturing Industry in India, Sugar Manufacturing Plant, Manufacturing of Sugar in Industry, Sugar Making Business, Sugar Production from Cane Sugar, How is Sugar Made from Sugarcane, Sugar Production Process, Sugar Manufacturing Process, Sugar Production Plant, Sugar Manufacturing Process, Manufacture of Sugar from Sugarcane, Sugar Production, Sugar Industry in India, Sugar Manufacturing Business, Process of Sugar Manufacturing Business, How Sugar is Processed, Sugar Industry Business Plan, Sugar Mill Business Plan, Start Sugar Manufacturing Business, How to Open Sugar Mill, What is the Minimum Capital Required to Start Sugar Mill, Mini Sugar Plant, Sugar Production Business Plan, Indian Sugar Industry, Sugar Manufacturing Company, Sugar Plant in India, How to Start Sugar Factory, Sugar Manufacturing Factory, Sugar Production Unit, Setting Up Sugar Factory, How do I Start Sugar Factory? How Sugar is made? Sugar Manufacturing project ideas, Sugar Production from Sugarcane, Projects on Small Scale Industries, Small scale industries projects ideas, Sugar Manufacturing Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Project profile on small scale industries, How to Start Sugar Manufacturing Industry in India, Sugar Manufacturing Projects, New project profile on Sugar Manufacturing industries, Project Report on Sugar Manufacturing Industry, Detailed Project Report on Sugar Production, Project Report on Sugar Production from Sugarcane, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Sugar Manufacturing,
OVERVIEW & OUTLOOK:BRAZILIAN SUGARCANE INDUSTRY by Leticia Phillips, Representative in North America for the Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association - UNICA. Presentation featured at the 2nd International Conference: Brazil: A pathway into the future from the Emerging Markets Institute at Cornell University's Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management and Better Brazil
Major and minor millets Importance, present status and scope in J&K.pdfSUBHASHKASHYAP10
Millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for human food and as fodder.
Two major millet crops currently growing in India are
Bajra (pearl millet)
Jowar (sorghum),
Other indigenous varieties of “small millets” like
Ragi (Finger millet).
Sanwa (Barnyard Millet)
Proso millet ( Cheena)
Kangni (Foxtail Millet)
why to grow millets
Low input cost: These are good for the soil, have shorter cultivation cycles and require less cost-intensive cultivation.
Climate resilience: These unique features make millets suited for and resilient to India’s varied agro-climatic conditions.
Drought tolerance: Millets are not water or input-intensive, making them a sustainable strategy for addressing climate change and building resilient agri-food systems.
The following attributes are aptly applied to millets.
a. Good for the consumer: they can help overcome some of the biggest
nutritional and health problems (iron, zinc, folic acid, calcium, diabetes);
b. Good for the planet: they have a low water footprint, are able to survive
in the hottest driest climates and will be important in coping with climate change)
c. Good for the farmer: can increase yields up to 3 fold, have multiple uses
(food, fodder, fuel), and are typically the last crop standing in times of drought being a good risk management strategy for farmers.
“Millets are beneficial for the farmers and especially the small and marginal farmers”
Millet crops do not require much water and get matured in a very short period
Superfood: Millets contain plenty of protein, fiber, and minerals
Along with reducing obesity, they also reduce the risk of iabetes, hypertension, and heart-related diseases
Millets are also very beneficial in fighting malnutrition since they are packed with energy as well as protein.”
2023, has been declared by the United Nations as International Year of Millets.
This message has reached millions of people and created mass awareness of the importance of millet.
What can be done to promote millets as nutri-cereals?कदन्न को पोषक अनाज के रूप में बढ़ावा देने के लिए क्या किया जा सकता है?
Rebranding the cereals as nutri-cereals
2) Incentive through hiking MSP
3) Providing steady markets through inclusion in PDS
4) Increasing area, production and yield
5) Intersection of agriculture and nutrition
1) setting up nutri-gardens,
2) promoting research on the inter linkages between crop diversity and dietary diversity
3) running a behaviour change campaign to generate consumer demand for nutri-cereals.
Constraints and Remedies बाध्यताएं तथा उपाये
Availability of improved and high yielding varieties of small millets
Improvement in dehulling efficiency and separation.
Improvement of shelf life of the millet-based product.
Innovative millet-based products- Innovative packaging.
Govt. Policies
Deficit mind-set: Till recent past, policies were based on the mind-set of the 19
The presentation is by Inbasekar, IARI from the one day workshop on ‘Pulses for Nutrition in India: Changing Patterns from Farm-to-Fork’ organized on Jan 14, 2014. The workshop is based on a few studies conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute under the CGIAR’s Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health. These studies covered the entire domain of pulse sector in India from production to consumption, prices to trade, processing to value addition, and from innovations to the role of private sector in strengthening the entire pulse value chain. These studies were designed to better understand the drivers of changing dynamics of pulses in the value chain from farm-to-fork, and explore opportunities for meeting their availability through increased production, enhanced trade and improved efficiency.
Smart Foods: Nutri-cereals for her - The creation of biofortified pearl milletICRISAT
To combat anemia in women and children, scientists developed biofortified pearl millet high in iron and zinc, which has been adopted by Indian farmers. A fine example of the Lab-to-Land approach. India: Every second Indian woman is anemic and one in every five maternal deaths is directly due to anemia*. Pearl millet biofortification opens up the possibility of a cost-effective strategy to beat micronutrient malnutrition in women and children.
RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience) is a program for imparting quality, practical & production oriented for Agriculture Graduates .
RAWE is an important tool in ensuring increased agricultural productivity, sustainability and environmental and ecological security, profitability, job security and equity. In India RANDHWA Committee (1992) recommended the rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) program for imparting quality, practical
and production oriented education for agriculture degree program.
Zero budget farming is the best method of chemical-free farming drawing from conventional Indian methods. ZBNF reduces farming expenses and promotes the use of natural fertilizers and local seeds.
Major and minor millets Importance, present status and scope in J&K.pdfSUBHASHKASHYAP10
Millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for human food and as fodder.
Two major millet crops currently growing in India are
Bajra (pearl millet)
Jowar (sorghum),
Other indigenous varieties of “small millets” like
Ragi (Finger millet).
Sanwa (Barnyard Millet)
Proso millet ( Cheena)
Kangni (Foxtail Millet)
why to grow millets
Low input cost: These are good for the soil, have shorter cultivation cycles and require less cost-intensive cultivation.
Climate resilience: These unique features make millets suited for and resilient to India’s varied agro-climatic conditions.
Drought tolerance: Millets are not water or input-intensive, making them a sustainable strategy for addressing climate change and building resilient agri-food systems.
The following attributes are aptly applied to millets.
a. Good for the consumer: they can help overcome some of the biggest
nutritional and health problems (iron, zinc, folic acid, calcium, diabetes);
b. Good for the planet: they have a low water footprint, are able to survive
in the hottest driest climates and will be important in coping with climate change)
c. Good for the farmer: can increase yields up to 3 fold, have multiple uses
(food, fodder, fuel), and are typically the last crop standing in times of drought being a good risk management strategy for farmers.
“Millets are beneficial for the farmers and especially the small and marginal farmers”
Millet crops do not require much water and get matured in a very short period
Superfood: Millets contain plenty of protein, fiber, and minerals
Along with reducing obesity, they also reduce the risk of iabetes, hypertension, and heart-related diseases
Millets are also very beneficial in fighting malnutrition since they are packed with energy as well as protein.”
2023, has been declared by the United Nations as International Year of Millets.
This message has reached millions of people and created mass awareness of the importance of millet.
What can be done to promote millets as nutri-cereals?कदन्न को पोषक अनाज के रूप में बढ़ावा देने के लिए क्या किया जा सकता है?
Rebranding the cereals as nutri-cereals
2) Incentive through hiking MSP
3) Providing steady markets through inclusion in PDS
4) Increasing area, production and yield
5) Intersection of agriculture and nutrition
1) setting up nutri-gardens,
2) promoting research on the inter linkages between crop diversity and dietary diversity
3) running a behaviour change campaign to generate consumer demand for nutri-cereals.
Constraints and Remedies बाध्यताएं तथा उपाये
Availability of improved and high yielding varieties of small millets
Improvement in dehulling efficiency and separation.
Improvement of shelf life of the millet-based product.
Innovative millet-based products- Innovative packaging.
Govt. Policies
Deficit mind-set: Till recent past, policies were based on the mind-set of the 19
The presentation is by Inbasekar, IARI from the one day workshop on ‘Pulses for Nutrition in India: Changing Patterns from Farm-to-Fork’ organized on Jan 14, 2014. The workshop is based on a few studies conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute under the CGIAR’s Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health. These studies covered the entire domain of pulse sector in India from production to consumption, prices to trade, processing to value addition, and from innovations to the role of private sector in strengthening the entire pulse value chain. These studies were designed to better understand the drivers of changing dynamics of pulses in the value chain from farm-to-fork, and explore opportunities for meeting their availability through increased production, enhanced trade and improved efficiency.
Smart Foods: Nutri-cereals for her - The creation of biofortified pearl milletICRISAT
To combat anemia in women and children, scientists developed biofortified pearl millet high in iron and zinc, which has been adopted by Indian farmers. A fine example of the Lab-to-Land approach. India: Every second Indian woman is anemic and one in every five maternal deaths is directly due to anemia*. Pearl millet biofortification opens up the possibility of a cost-effective strategy to beat micronutrient malnutrition in women and children.
RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience) is a program for imparting quality, practical & production oriented for Agriculture Graduates .
RAWE is an important tool in ensuring increased agricultural productivity, sustainability and environmental and ecological security, profitability, job security and equity. In India RANDHWA Committee (1992) recommended the rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) program for imparting quality, practical
and production oriented education for agriculture degree program.
Zero budget farming is the best method of chemical-free farming drawing from conventional Indian methods. ZBNF reduces farming expenses and promotes the use of natural fertilizers and local seeds.
Fuels Policy, Ethanol and RFS Reform Political and Policy Implications on Gas...Ports-To-Plains Blog
Fuels Policy, Ethanol and RFS Reform
Political and Policy Implications on Gasoline Prices.
Presented at Ports-to-Plains Alliance Energy Conference, Washington Dc on April 26, 2013
Presentation of Carlos C. Cerri for the "2nd Workshop on the Impact of New Technologies on the Sustainability of the Sugarcane/Bioethanol Production Cycle"
Apresentação de Carlos C. Cerri realizada no "2nd Workshop on the Impact of New Technologies on the Sustainability of the Sugarcane/Bioethanol Production Cycle"
Date / Data : Novr 11th - 12th 2009/
11 e 12 de novembro de 2009
Place / Local: CTBE, Campinas, Brazil
Event Website / Website do evento: http://www.bioetanol.org.br/workshop5
A ppt on Alternative Fuels.
I hope this ppt would be useful for u all.
It describes the different types of alternative fuels which can be used in today's era
for saving the excessive consumption of conventional fuels.
Alternative fuels are also known as Non-Conventional fuels or Green Fuels.
greek gods by rick riordan this books is about all the greek heroes of ancient time the book is described by percy himself it is complete guide for percy jackson very good book
Ethanol is nowadays is being regarded as a beverage as well as an important bio fuel. But how is it prepared? It's method of production i.e Fermentation is the key. This presentation has all what you need to know about ethanol fermentation.
Land restoration, climate change and why cheap stuff doesn't get done. Patrick Worms
The world is warming rapidly, soils are disappearing massively, and cheap solutions exist (and no, they're not Teslas - sorry, Elon). So, why aren't being deployed at scale?
Cashew Tree Gum A Scientific and Technological ReviewIJEAB
Cashew gum can be obtained from the exudate released from the stem of the species "Anacardium occidentale", commonly called cashew tree, a tree typical of Brazil and subtropical countries. It is a heteropolysaccharide complex that after hydrolysis presents a high content of monosaccharides with a varied composition depending on its origin. Due to its biological origin, the ability to form gels and the fact that it has properties similar to synthetic polymers, it is a great option for the application in several sectors of industry. In the food industry it can be used as a thickener and a stabilizer for juices, an emulsifier in salad sauces, a stabilizer in the emulsions of meats such as sausage, and in food compositions containing chocolate. In the manufacture of pharmaceuticals it may be used as an agent for suspending, emulsifying, disintegrating, binding, gelling, tabletting drugs with release control and also as a mucoadhesive agent. In medicine, studies also indicate a phytotherapeutic potential in the reduction of blood pressure and even in some types of cancer.
Bionic Urbanism discusses converging challenges facing cities such as oil depletion, economic uncertainty, climate change and food security. In this presentation this is traced through ancient patterns of settlement through to the modern day typologies of urbanisation.
Urban Process: Food & Agriculture | Biocity StudioBiocity Studio
South Australia’s agricultural industry has had booms and downturns in the past. Agriculture and food production affects transport, pollution, water usage, waste, erosion and soil/topsoils. The food to energy output is 1 calorie of food energy produced is equal to 10 calories of fossil fuel energy consumed.
Arid Spain uses and management KC AQA AS level GeographyKevin Cooper
Case study of Southern Spain (Andalusia, mainly Almeria) for AQA AS Level Geography Arid Environments option - info presented via pics, with info sheets to give out for groupwork / later feedback... - see 'notes' for each slide for teacher explanation...
“Sweet Sorghum – A Novel Opportunity for Biofuel Production”.pptxAvinashJoshi53
Biofuel, any fuel that is derived from biomass—that is, plant or algae material or animal waste. Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] produces food (grain) and fuel (ethanol from stem sap) and the stalks contain 10-15 % sugars. Ethanol obtained from sweet sorghum is considered “cleaner” than ethanol from other sources.
Sweet sorghum is a promising dryland biofuel feedstock that addresses food-verses-fuel issue favourably.
Bioethanol from sweet sorghum (sorganol) is potentially a win-win solution.
Enhance energy security, ecological and economical sustainability and livelihood development.
CoCo San Sustainable Farm is a project of AgLantis 501c-3). We are an14.8 urban farm using recycled water. We are a "Green Incubator" on Central Contra Costa Sanitary District. We will be growing salads4schools and the food bank in a high-tech greenhouse donated by AgraTech and teaching high-tech greenhouse management, soils science, water science and other hands on science, and integrating the farm into community college and JFKU curriculum. We are using recycled agricultural grade water and believe greenhouse growing of produce in urban farms on buffer land of water reclamation facilities is going to help with the increasing food shortage on the planet.
Connect Agro Summit UKCOL - Information WebinarKTN
This event is for UK AgriTech businesses who are interested in attending Connect Agro Summit UKCOL in March 2021. Connect Agro Summit UKCOL is an exclusive online event that will connect UK businesses and Colombian organisations to accelerate innovation in the AgriTech sector.
Presentation during the Bureau of Agricultural Research (BAR) 15th Agriculture and Fisheries Technology Forum and Product Exhibition Seminar Series on August 15, 2019 at BAR Grounds, cor. Visayas Ave., Elliptical Rd., Diliman, Quezon City
1) Trends in food production
2) Factors affecting intensity of food production
3) Effects of intensification of food production
4) Why food shortages still occur
Similar to Sugarcane in Brazil: past, present and future (20)
Miles2Care: a social business idea to help the developing worldAndreza Dantas
Miles2Care is a social business idea that to alleviate some of the major issues of the developing world. This is a final project for Social Entrepreneurship class delivered on Spring, 2015 at the University of Iowa, by Andreza Dantas.
An informative and throughout presentation on one of the worst nuclear accidents in history. Presentation delivered at the University of Iowa, Spring, 2015 as a group with Katie Bertling and Reily Barkhoff and myself, Andreza Dantas.
The original project idea was to analyze how climate change was treated in the energy generation related EIS, however, the study focused to study the future of energy generation in the U.S. based on the EISs that have been submitted and “approved” by EPA in the last 20 years.
Going Off the Grid: Lighting the Developing WorldAndreza Dantas
Dec. 2014 - Presentation delivered to Energy and Society students at the University of Iowa about going off grid in the developing world, lighting solutions to provide access to off-gridders in third world countries..
How can we sustainably manage our water resources?Andreza Dantas
Dec., 2014 - Presentation delivered to Contemporary Environmental Issues students at the University of Iowa. Sustainable and efficient water management is necessary in order to cope with one of the most important contemporary environmental issues that we are facing currently: water stress. The main goal is come up with solutions to promote a better way to manage this precious natural resource.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
3. How sugarcane spread around the world
1,000BC
Reached Asia mainland
Plants taken to China and India and then were crossed with Saccharumspontaneum[1]
Indians processed into a powder, medicine for headaches, stomach flutters, impotence[2]
10,000/6,000 years ago
Sugarcane was domesticated on the island of New Guinea
Plants with high sucrose selected and adapted for cultivation[1]
2
1
600/500BC
Reached Iraq/Iran -Persia[1]
Rulers entertained guests with a plethora of sweets[2]
AD700
Arabs adopted the crop and took it to Egypt and spread to Syria, Cyprus, Crete and eventually Spain[1].
3
1400s
Portuguese introduced sugar to Madeira island and then reached Canary islands, Azores, and West Africa[1]
5
1500s
The crop was taken to:
Mexico (1520)
Brazil (1532)
Peru (1533)
and later to the British and French West Indies.
Madeira became the largest exporter[1].
6
4
Sources: [map] Natural History Museum. -http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/plants-fungi/seeds-of- trade/page.dsml?section=crops&ref=sugar_cane&cat_ref=®ion_ID=&time_ref=&page=spread&origTimeID=&origTimePoint=&origTpTitle=&origPage=
[1] National History Museum. Seeds of Trade. London. -http://www.nhm.ac.uk/seeds
[2] National Geographic –Sugar Love, Rich Cohen, Aug, 2013. -http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2013/08/sugar/cohen-text
4. Nowadays, things are almost the same… same regions, but different context!
Brazil, India, China, Thailand and Pakistan have 80% of the sugarcane’s world production [1]
Source: [map] Wikipedia -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarcane#mediaviewer/File:SugarcaneYield.png
[1] FAOSTAT-Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nations-http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx
Sugarcane in the world
6. A bit about Brazilian history
1500 –Pedro Álvares Cabral fleet, in route to India, reached Northeastern coast of Brazil [1]
Portuguese main interests: gold and silver [2]
What did they find?
No gold for them in the 1500s!
Indigenous population (índios) + nature
Pau-brasil(Brazil wood -wood with deep red hue) was the first product they exploited!
30 years after their arrival…
Pau-brasilbecame more and more scarce –depletion led to deforestation in the coastal area by 1875[3]
Portuguese needed other product to diversify trade
Pictures: [top] “Desembarquede Cabral emPorto Seguro” painting, by Oscar Pereira da Silva - http://www.cabecadecuia.com/files/2013/04/22/7687_9fa5304205611f6b7059ed2f0a882cdfg.jpg
[bottom] Detail of map of Brasilpainting, by GiácomoGastaldi, 1550 - http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000400014&lng=en&nrm=iso
Sources: [1] http://countrystudies.us/brazil/4.htm; [2] http://thebrazilbusiness.com/article/history-of-colonial-brazil; [3] SUAREZ, V. C. D. M. (1977). Brazilian trees and their adaptation in the Southern USA. Journal of Arboriculture. Feb.,1977. p. 35-36. http://joa.isa- arbor.com/request.asp?JournalID=1&ArticleID=1431&Type=2
7. The sugarcane cycle (1530 to 1700)
In the 1400s
Europeans fell in love with sugar, -rare and noble product [1]
The trade with the East became difficult![1]
In the 1500s and later…
1533 –MartimAfonsode Sousa brought the 1stsugarcane sprouts [2]
Sugarcane was a big deal! Brazil had all the ingredients to grow it …
Martin Afonsode Sousa brought 1stbud of sugarcane to Brazil
fertile (abundant) soil + tropical climate + slaves+ know-how= $$$ [1]
Indigenous + African slaves
Indigenous were decimated by disease killed (diseases) and were substituted by African slaves
Sources: [1] National Geographic –Sugar Love, Rich Cohen, Aug, 2013. -http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2013/08/sugar/cohen-text
[2] Britannica Escola Online -http://escola.britannica.com.br/article/483229/engenho-de-acucar
8. The sugarcane society and the farms
Source: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_v9K1WlYSXJI/SeqbQDYMNoI/AAAAAAAAANg/vqxzlPpwrww/s400/pir%C3%A2mide+social+do+brasil+a%C3%A7ucareiro.jpg
Source: http://jubran.deviantart.com/art/engenho-cana-Brazil-sec-XVIII-77980514
Aristocrats
Free men
Slaves
Sugar Society
9. The sugarcane farms (engenhos)
Big House (Casa Grande)
Where the owner and his family lived
1
Family Chapel (Capela)
3
Slave quarters (Senzala)
Where the slaves were kept
2
Sugar Mill (Moinhode Açúcar)
Place where the equipment to grind the sugarcane was installed
4
Furnaces (Fornalhas)
Where the cane juice was boiled and purified copper pots
5
Hangars (Galpões)
Where the sugar blocks were stocked
6
Sugarcane field (Canavial)
7
11. 12.8%
Natural Gas & Coal
39.3%
Petroleum & Oil Products
12.5%
Hydro
16.1%
Sugarcane
8.3%
Firewood and Charcoal
1.3%
Uranium
4.2%
Other Renewables
Sugarcane, Brazil’s energy grid and industry
Source: BEN (2014)
Sugarcane
is the top source among the renewables
Brazil has one of the world’s cleanestenergy grids[3]
1970s: Sugarcane production start to boom as well as ethanol vehicles production/sales
Early 2000s: another car sales boom, but now Flexfuelvehicles
2
1
1973 oil crisis –Mid-Eastern countries proclaimed an oil embargo. In 1974, oil price rose $3 /barrel to ~ $12[1]
1975 –Brazil launched Pro-Alcohol program [2]
3
2005 –More than 500mil flexfuelvehicles [4]
12. Sugarcanecrops occupy:
1.1% of the country’s total land
3.7%of Brazil’s arable lands (pasture + agriculture)
… and produce over 720million tons per crop year-twice #2 India[2]
Ethanol uses 0.5% of the national territory
Northeastern area
Harvest cycle: Sep. -Mar.
15% of sugarcane production
Production concentrated in South-Central areas
Harvest cycle: Apr. –Dec.
85% of sugarcane production
Land Use in Brazil[1]
Sugarcane in Brazil: context
Notes: 1 hectare = 2.5 acres . Other uses include hydrography.
Source: [1] UNICA (2013) –compiled data from different sources.
50% sugar
50% ethanol
13. Sugar types: raw, crystal, brown and refined
Syrup and molasses
Rapadura
Lactic acid
Sugar
The sugarcane power
Ethanol
Anhydrous ethanol (blended into gasoline)
Alcohols (e.g.: cosmetic/pharmacy industries)
Alcohols
Cogeneration (bioelectricity)
Biogas
Biodiesel
Paper
Bioplastic
and more
Biomass
cane waste = bagasse + straw
Vinasseuses (by-product from ethanol processing): methane production, fermentation, fertigation, yeast and energy production
Raw cane: cane juice / cachaça (distilled cane juice)
and more
Other
14. Disadvantages
Hard to use ethanol fuel in cold weather
Shortcomings of ethanol fuel (scarcity x price)
Sugarcane does not fit temperate climates[3]
Brazil
#1 largest producer of sugarcane ethanol~23.2bi L (2012/13) and #2 largest producer of ethanol (#1 U.S.)[1]
Gasoline in Brazil has a blend of 18% to 25% of anhydrous ethanol (ethanol dehydrated) [1]
Ethanol has been replacing 50% of Brazil’s gasoline needs[1]
Flexfuel(ethanol/gasoline) vehicles are pretty common and convenient now in Brazil
Biodiesel law (2005 to 2014): progressive goals. B2 (vegetable diesel + 2% ethanol) to B7 (vegetable diesel + 7% ethanol)[5]
Benefits (not only… we are going to talk more later)
Cleaner air: adds oxygen to gasoline and helps to reduce air pollution/harmful emissions[1]
Reduced GHG emissions: cuts off CO2emissions by 90% in average compared to gasoline[1]
Better performance: high-octane fuel[1]
Alternative energy: to fossil fuels[1]
Versatility: same plant produces many by-products[1]
Better ethanol: 370% more energy than it spends to obtain it (US ethanol only 10%) [2]
High productivity: more ethanol/acre than corn[3]
Game changer against climate change [4]
Ethanol
Ethanol production
Gas stations in Brazil
15. How does an ethanol plant work?
Source: RevistaÉpoca. Ed. Globo- http://epoca.globo.com/infograficos/526_usina_alcool.html
16. Ethanol
95.1% ethanol (minimum) + 4.9% water
Flexfuelengines, ethanol engines -more common in compact cars
Gasoline
75% -80% gasoline + 20% -25% anhydrous (blended)
3 versions: regiuar(25% anhydrous), special (additives) and premium (additives + high-octane –cleaner , less sulfur residues)
Flexfuelengines, gas engines –compact to SUVs and Vans
Diesel
95% diesel + 5% biodiesel (enforced by law)
More common in heavy vehicles , largely used for transportation.
NGV -Natural Gas Vehicular
Fuel commonly used by taxicabs
Gas stations in Brazil
What’s your fuel?
17. Bioelectricity
In Brazil
2/3 of the sugarcane energy is stored in the leftover cane fiber (bagasse + straw)[1]
Leftover is burned and converted into electricity in the ethanol and sugar plants (cogeneration)
Bioelectricity complements hydroelectricity: sugarcane harvesting occurs during driest periods[1]
Bioelectricity provides more than 3% of Brazil’s electricity needs ~1,000 MW/year[1]
Enough energy to power the current demand of a country such Sweden or Argentina.
!
Source: Bioelectricity generation –RevistaGalileu. Ed. Globo-http://revistagalileu.globo.com/Revista/Common/0,,EMI326727-18537,00.html
Harvested sugarcane goes through a crushing-mill where the cane juice is extracted
1
The leftover is called bagasse, industrial waste that is transported to the boiler area where it is burned
Steam turns a turbine and a generator coupled converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
3
2
sugarcane
sugar production
ethanol production
generator
turbine
cane juice
boiler
steam
Part of the energy is used in the plant itself and the surplus can be sold.
Burning bagasse generates energy to use and sell.
FROM THE LEFTOVER TO THE ELECTRICAL OUTLET
4
18. Harvested sugarcane goes through a crushing-mill where the cane juice is extracted
1
The leftover is called bagasse, industrial waste that is transported to the boiler area where it is burned
Steam turns a turbine and a generator coupled converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
3
2
sugarcane
sugar production
ethanol production
generator
turbine
cane juice
boiler
steam
Part of the energy is used in the plant itself and the surplus can be sold.
Burning bagasse generates energy to use and sell.
FROM THE LEFTOVER TO THE ELECTRICAL OUTLET
4
20. Sugarcane industry in numbers (2012/13 harvesting)[1]
Note:The data presented here (sugarcane production in 2012) -from the Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association -UNICA –is 22% lower than the data from United Nations (presented in the slide 12 from United Nations.
21. Sugarcane
Challenges and issues
Crops are getting old: monoculture x fires to prepare soil for next harvesting. Decreasing tons/acre. How to solve it? [1]
“Low-tech” agriculture has led Brazil to the #1[3]
Improvements in efficiency = investment in technology innovation [1]
Clean source? Environmental controversy: sugarcane as a pollutant (fires) x ethanol and cane waste as efficient and clean sources
Social issue: migrant manpower (from N/NE to Central- South region) + low wages + bad labor conditions
Farmers are still recovering from 2008 financial crisis + seasonal changes in environmental conditions. Public policies? Funding? Federal subsides? [1]
How about future?
Climate change: scientists foresee geographical redistribution of the croplands[5]
Potential for crops expansion: from 8 to 38 million hectares, depending on irrigation techniques leading to 3bi ton/year[5]
Bioelectricity has potential to 14 GW/year (2020/21); In 2012, the installed capacity was 7.7GW, but only 1.1GW/year were connected to the grid[2]
Bioplastic: large-scale use [1]
Biochemicalsand biohydrocarbons: : next frontier, substitute for gasoline (?), diesel and jet fuel[4]
Cellulosic ethanol: fuel from leftover –potential to double the fuel produced/hectare
Green Protocol for sugarcane: 1stinitiative in São Paulo[4].For future, the whole country should be involved.