The Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association (UNICA) represents 60% of Brazil's sugarcane production. It works to promote sustainable practices in the sugarcane industry and low-carbon sugarcane energy solutions like ethanol as an alternative to fossil fuels. UNICA partners with Apex-Brasil, a Brazilian government agency, to promote the benefits of Brazilian sugarcane ethanol globally. The document then provides information on how sugarcane is used in Brazil to produce sugar, ethanol, electricity, and other renewable products in a sustainable way.
Sugarcane in Brazil: past, present and futureAndreza Dantas
WARNING: sources will be soon updated
Oct, 2014 - Presentation delivered to Energy and Society students at the University of Iowa about Sugarcane in Brazil. The idea was provide historical and present context about sugarcane and its by-products in Brazil. Also, information about the future is discussed.
Coconut & Coconut based Products – Source nothing but the finest from Sri LankaEDB
Coconut (Cocus nucifera) is one of the major plantation crops in Sri Lanka, which accounts for approximately 12% of the country’s agricultural produce. This brochure encapsulates some important facts and insights on the Coconut & Coconut Products industry.
Find out more: https://goo.gl/xBgM71
Agro-industries in Pakistan include a wide range of small and large scale industries that produce food, fiber, and other value-added products. Some key industries are cotton and textiles, wheat flour, rice, sugar, dairy, poultry, leather, fertilizers, farm machinery, pesticides, tea, and tobacco. These industries contribute significantly to Pakistan's economy and agricultural production but also face challenges like low quality inputs, lack of infrastructure and technology, and energy shortages.
R.S.VIMAL Post harvest technology for paddy.pptxrzguru
1) Rice production involves several post-harvest processes including threshing, drying, parboiling, milling, and polishing.
2) Threshing separates rice grains from straw, which can be done manually or mechanically. Drying removes excess moisture from grains through sun, mechanical, or chemical drying.
3) Parboiling improves rice nutrition, cooking quality, and storage ability. Milling transforms rice into an edible form through hulling, polishing, and grading processes.
Energy Sources, Origin of energy resources, Forms of energy, types of energy resources.
Farm Power, Farm Mechanization- introduction, benefits and advantages.
This document summarizes the different processes involved in a rice mill, including cleaning, parboiling, drying, destoning, shelling, separation of paddy and brown rice, whitening to remove bran layers, grading to reduce broken rice, and final weighing, packaging and transportation. The key steps are cleaning of impurities from paddy, parboiling to improve milling quality, drying, destoning, shelling to remove husks, separation of components using trays and aspiration, whitening using an abrasive stone cone to remove bran layers, grading by size, and final weighing and packaging for transportation.
Status, Scope and challenges in Millet processingMuzaffarHasan1
Millets have a long history of cultivation dating back 4000 years in India and Africa. India is currently the world's largest producer and consumer of millets. Millets provide important nutrients and have various health benefits. They are gluten-free and thus beneficial for conditions like celiac disease. Millets also have anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and heart-healthy properties due to their fiber, protein, and antioxidant content including polyphenols. Specifically, components in millets can slow carbohydrate absorption and reduce blood glucose levels, making them a low glycemic index food option.
Sugarcane in Brazil: past, present and futureAndreza Dantas
WARNING: sources will be soon updated
Oct, 2014 - Presentation delivered to Energy and Society students at the University of Iowa about Sugarcane in Brazil. The idea was provide historical and present context about sugarcane and its by-products in Brazil. Also, information about the future is discussed.
Coconut & Coconut based Products – Source nothing but the finest from Sri LankaEDB
Coconut (Cocus nucifera) is one of the major plantation crops in Sri Lanka, which accounts for approximately 12% of the country’s agricultural produce. This brochure encapsulates some important facts and insights on the Coconut & Coconut Products industry.
Find out more: https://goo.gl/xBgM71
Agro-industries in Pakistan include a wide range of small and large scale industries that produce food, fiber, and other value-added products. Some key industries are cotton and textiles, wheat flour, rice, sugar, dairy, poultry, leather, fertilizers, farm machinery, pesticides, tea, and tobacco. These industries contribute significantly to Pakistan's economy and agricultural production but also face challenges like low quality inputs, lack of infrastructure and technology, and energy shortages.
R.S.VIMAL Post harvest technology for paddy.pptxrzguru
1) Rice production involves several post-harvest processes including threshing, drying, parboiling, milling, and polishing.
2) Threshing separates rice grains from straw, which can be done manually or mechanically. Drying removes excess moisture from grains through sun, mechanical, or chemical drying.
3) Parboiling improves rice nutrition, cooking quality, and storage ability. Milling transforms rice into an edible form through hulling, polishing, and grading processes.
Energy Sources, Origin of energy resources, Forms of energy, types of energy resources.
Farm Power, Farm Mechanization- introduction, benefits and advantages.
This document summarizes the different processes involved in a rice mill, including cleaning, parboiling, drying, destoning, shelling, separation of paddy and brown rice, whitening to remove bran layers, grading to reduce broken rice, and final weighing, packaging and transportation. The key steps are cleaning of impurities from paddy, parboiling to improve milling quality, drying, destoning, shelling to remove husks, separation of components using trays and aspiration, whitening using an abrasive stone cone to remove bran layers, grading by size, and final weighing and packaging for transportation.
Status, Scope and challenges in Millet processingMuzaffarHasan1
Millets have a long history of cultivation dating back 4000 years in India and Africa. India is currently the world's largest producer and consumer of millets. Millets provide important nutrients and have various health benefits. They are gluten-free and thus beneficial for conditions like celiac disease. Millets also have anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and heart-healthy properties due to their fiber, protein, and antioxidant content including polyphenols. Specifically, components in millets can slow carbohydrate absorption and reduce blood glucose levels, making them a low glycemic index food option.
The rubber industry in Sri Lanka began in 1867 with the planting of the first rubber tree. Sri Lanka is currently the 10th largest producer of natural rubber globally. The main types of natural rubber produced are RSS, crepe rubber, and latex concentrate. Sri Lanka's rubber industry manufactures tires, gloves, and other rubber products which it exports, with tires making up 60% of exports. The global rubber industry is growing annually by 4-6% with major export markets in the US, Germany, and other European and Asian countries. For the industry to continue growing, Sri Lanka needs to replace aging rubber trees and factories, add more value to exports, and develop new technology and marketing networks.
constraints in sugarcane production and strategies to overcomeSameera Deshan
This document discusses constraints and strategies in sugarcane production. It outlines several constraints facing sugarcane farmers globally and in Sri Lanka, including environmental stresses, lack of quality seed, yield plateaus, late planting, and low irrigation availability. Strategies to overcome these constraints are proposed, such as developing improved varieties, proper ratoon crop management, advanced farming systems, increased mechanization, new irrigation techniques, and addressing issues specific to Sri Lankan conditions like labor and transportation costs. The document concludes by stating that sugar cane is an important global crop but faces many problems that can be solved using modern technology.
This document discusses sugarcane bagasse fiber, which remains after sugarcane juice is extracted. It has properties like 63-68% crystallinity, moisture absorption of 13-18%, and elastic recovery of 50-60%. Sugarcane bagasse fiber was tested at different densities and compositions. Results showed variations in tensile strength and impact strength. The document also outlines the process for extracting fiber from sugarcane bagasse and notes its potential uses for products like fuel, pulp, plastic, furniture, and paper.
This document discusses the origins and development of cocoa cultivation in Malaysia over three phases from the 1880s to present day. It began as an experimental crop but expanded in the mid-20th century due to government policies promoting economic diversification. Cocoa cultivation increased further in the late 1960s and 1970s in response to high prices and development plans to involve smallholders and address poverty. The document also provides details on the cocoa tree and environmental requirements for cultivation.
COCONUT (Cocos Nucifera) INDUSTRY AND PRODUCTS IN SRI LANKAGihan Wijelath
The coconut is known for its great versatility as seen in the many uses of its different parts and found throughout tropics and subtopics. Coconuts are different from any other fruits because they contain a large quantity of “water” and when immature they are known as tender- nuts or jelly- nuts and may be harvested for drinking. When mature, they still contain some water and can be used as seed nuts or processed to give oil from kernel, charcoal from the hard shell and coir from the fibrous husk.
This manual provides information on maize production. It discusses the morphology, growth stages, climate requirements, and varieties of maize. Maize is a tropical grass that can grow up to 3 meters tall. It has male flowers on the tassel that produce pollen, and female flowers on the ears that receive pollen. After pollination and fertilization, the ears develop kernels that continue filling until physiological maturity around 30 days after silking. Optimal temperatures for maize growth are 18-32°C, and it prefers 500-1200mm of rainfall annually to achieve good yields.
India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world after Brazil, producing around 355 million tons annually on 4 million hectares of land. Sugarcane is grown by over 35 million farmers and is used to produce various products including sugar, jaggery, molasses, ethanol and electricity. However, India faces several challenges in the sugarcane industry including water scarcity, low yields, outdated mills, and high domestic sugar demand that exceeds production. The government and farmers are pursuing innovative solutions like the Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative to boost yields while reducing inputs, and growing sugarcane alongside other crops to improve sustainability.
The document provides information about the production process of sugar from sugarcane. It discusses that sugarcane is the primary raw material and needs to be processed immediately after harvesting. The processing involves crushing the sugarcane to extract juice, clarifying and concentrating the juice, crystallizing the sugar, centrifuging to separate molasses from the crystals, and finally drying the crystals before packaging. The overall production process aims to extract sugar from sugarcane in its pure form through various purification and separation steps.
This presentation provides an overview of sugar processing from sugarcane and sugar beets. It discusses the sugar industry, raw materials used, types of sugar produced, and the simplified and detailed flow diagrams of sugar processing. The key steps in sugar processing from sugarcane are producing raw sugar from the sugarcane and then refining that raw sugar into refined sugar. Sugar processing from sugar beets follows a similar refining process.
Combine harvesters can harvest between 2-9 rows of crops at once and harvest 1 acre in 1-1.3 hours at a cost of 3400 Rs per acre. They reduce human drudgery in harvesting and allow harvesting, threshing, and winnowing to be done simultaneously without using additional space. However, combine harvesters are expensive, ranging from 6-30 lakhs, and have high operating costs. They also cannot harvest small plots or fields with over 15cm of mud efficiently.
India is a major producer and consumer of pulses, accounting for over one-third of global area and 20% of production. However, production has not kept up with consumption, resulting in an annual import requirement of around 4-5 MMT. The document discusses India's pulses scenario including production trends, major producing states, crops and strategies to boost domestic production in order to reduce reliance on imports.
The document outlines procedures for seed sampling and analysis in India. It specifies minimum sampling intensities for seeds stored in bulk or bags. For bulk seeds, a minimum of 5 samples are required up to 500 kg, increasing to 10 samples for lots over 20,000 kg. For bagged seeds, every container must be sampled for lots up to 5 bags, every 3 containers for 6-30 bags, and every 5 containers for lots over 30 bags. Samples must be properly sealed, labeled with details, and sent to notified seed testing laboratories within 60 days.
This document summarizes the status and prospects of maize improvement in India according to Sujay Rakshit, Director of ICAR-IIMR, Ludhiana. It notes that India represents 4% of global maize area and 2% of production, ranking 4th in area and 7th in production. Maize area and productivity in India have increased significantly since the 1950s. The document outlines new maize hybrids released, opportunities for maize in non-traditional areas, available resources and technologies, and challenges such as biotic and abiotic stresses. It identifies tasks and priorities for continuing maize improvement in India.
Farmer's Agribusiness Training Course: Module 5 - Agribusiness Management for...Saide OER Africa
This Farmers' Agribusiness training course has been developed to help both farmers and farmer organisations. Its intention is to provide access to provide access to additional skills and knowledge that will allow farmers to move from a 'farm' to a 'firm'.This sub-module defines the concept of economics, provides an overview of the concept of a firm and explores the centrality of profit in its models.
Sugar cane is a tall perennial grass that is cultivated for its sucrose content. It originated in India and was initially used for medicinal purposes and religious ceremonies before it was refined into crystals for trade. Today, sugar cane is one of the world's largest crops by production quantity and Brazil is the largest producer. While sugar provides little nutritional value, it is widely used to sweeten foods and beverages and Americans consume nearly a pound of sugar every 2.5 days on average. The cultivation of sugar cane can impact the environment through soil erosion and agrochemical use, but better management practices like reducing burning can improve soil quality over the long term.
India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world, producing 29,750 metric tons annually. Sugarcane is planted by splitting stems into foot-long pieces and planting them in furrows, then fertilizing and weeding as it grows. It is harvested in the fall using machetes. Sugarcane is used to produce sugar, ethanol, bioelectricity from biomass, bioplastics using less oil than standard plastics, and other biofuels as scientists work to replace gasoline and diesel with cane-based fuels. The sugarcane processing involves milling the cane to extract juice, boiling and filtering the juice, and crystallizing it to produce sugar while molasses is further processed
Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugar, producing over 672 million tons annually. India is the second largest producer, producing 285 million tons, and is the largest producer of Gur and Khandsari. Sugar cane is produced in many areas worldwide, with major production in Brazil, India, China, Thailand, and Pakistan. Sugar is manufactured by cleaning sugarcane, milling it to extract juice, evaporating the juice to form syrup, crystallizing the syrup into sugar crystals, and packaging the sugar. Bagasse and ethanol are important byproducts of sugar production. Sugar production is well-suited to the cooperative sector in India due to its seasonal nature. Sugar mills are located within 25km of sugarcane
Comparison Between Manual and Machine Harvesting of Cotton FiberTaofir Shuvo
This presentation compares manual and machine harvesting of cotton fiber. Manual harvesting is slower but preserves fiber characteristics better by picking open bolls at frequent intervals to minimize weather effects. It is popular for small land holdings and allows 3-4 pickings per season. Machine harvesting is faster, picking four rows at a time in 30 seconds, but is more expensive and produces cotton with more trash and impurities. Overall, about 75% of cotton is manually harvested worldwide due to lower labor costs while machine harvesting accounts for 25% due to its higher productivity.
The oil palm is a tropical palm tree native to West Africa that is grown commercially for its fruit, which is processed to produce palm oil. There are two main species of oil palm - Elaeis guineensis originating from Africa and Elaeis oleifera from Central and South America. Oil palms are cultivated on large plantations and smallholder farms, with over 4 million hectares in Malaysia devoted to oil palm production, making Malaysia the world's largest producer and exporter of palm oil. Oil palms bear fruit bunches weighing 10-25 kg that contain 1000-3000 fruitlets, each with an oily flesh and seed rich in oil.
OVERVIEW & OUTLOOK:BRAZILIAN SUGARCANE INDUSTRY by Leticia Phillips, Representative in North America for the Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association - UNICA. Presentation featured at the 2nd International Conference: Brazil: A pathway into the future from the Emerging Markets Institute at Cornell University's Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management and Better Brazil
The document summarizes key aspects of Brazil's sugarcane ethanol sector, including its large contribution to Brazil's energy matrix and greenhouse gas emissions reductions. It notes that sugarcane cultivation occupies only 1.5% of Brazil's arable land but accounts for 87% of ethanol production. Productivity of sugarcane, sugar, and ethanol have all increased substantially while land area for sugarcane has only increased by 85%. The sector has agreements for social and environmental responsibility. The document concludes that Brazilian agriculture, including biofuels, has potential for large greenhouse gas reductions and that developing countries could benefit from opportunities in biofuels with reduced trade barriers.
The rubber industry in Sri Lanka began in 1867 with the planting of the first rubber tree. Sri Lanka is currently the 10th largest producer of natural rubber globally. The main types of natural rubber produced are RSS, crepe rubber, and latex concentrate. Sri Lanka's rubber industry manufactures tires, gloves, and other rubber products which it exports, with tires making up 60% of exports. The global rubber industry is growing annually by 4-6% with major export markets in the US, Germany, and other European and Asian countries. For the industry to continue growing, Sri Lanka needs to replace aging rubber trees and factories, add more value to exports, and develop new technology and marketing networks.
constraints in sugarcane production and strategies to overcomeSameera Deshan
This document discusses constraints and strategies in sugarcane production. It outlines several constraints facing sugarcane farmers globally and in Sri Lanka, including environmental stresses, lack of quality seed, yield plateaus, late planting, and low irrigation availability. Strategies to overcome these constraints are proposed, such as developing improved varieties, proper ratoon crop management, advanced farming systems, increased mechanization, new irrigation techniques, and addressing issues specific to Sri Lankan conditions like labor and transportation costs. The document concludes by stating that sugar cane is an important global crop but faces many problems that can be solved using modern technology.
This document discusses sugarcane bagasse fiber, which remains after sugarcane juice is extracted. It has properties like 63-68% crystallinity, moisture absorption of 13-18%, and elastic recovery of 50-60%. Sugarcane bagasse fiber was tested at different densities and compositions. Results showed variations in tensile strength and impact strength. The document also outlines the process for extracting fiber from sugarcane bagasse and notes its potential uses for products like fuel, pulp, plastic, furniture, and paper.
This document discusses the origins and development of cocoa cultivation in Malaysia over three phases from the 1880s to present day. It began as an experimental crop but expanded in the mid-20th century due to government policies promoting economic diversification. Cocoa cultivation increased further in the late 1960s and 1970s in response to high prices and development plans to involve smallholders and address poverty. The document also provides details on the cocoa tree and environmental requirements for cultivation.
COCONUT (Cocos Nucifera) INDUSTRY AND PRODUCTS IN SRI LANKAGihan Wijelath
The coconut is known for its great versatility as seen in the many uses of its different parts and found throughout tropics and subtopics. Coconuts are different from any other fruits because they contain a large quantity of “water” and when immature they are known as tender- nuts or jelly- nuts and may be harvested for drinking. When mature, they still contain some water and can be used as seed nuts or processed to give oil from kernel, charcoal from the hard shell and coir from the fibrous husk.
This manual provides information on maize production. It discusses the morphology, growth stages, climate requirements, and varieties of maize. Maize is a tropical grass that can grow up to 3 meters tall. It has male flowers on the tassel that produce pollen, and female flowers on the ears that receive pollen. After pollination and fertilization, the ears develop kernels that continue filling until physiological maturity around 30 days after silking. Optimal temperatures for maize growth are 18-32°C, and it prefers 500-1200mm of rainfall annually to achieve good yields.
India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world after Brazil, producing around 355 million tons annually on 4 million hectares of land. Sugarcane is grown by over 35 million farmers and is used to produce various products including sugar, jaggery, molasses, ethanol and electricity. However, India faces several challenges in the sugarcane industry including water scarcity, low yields, outdated mills, and high domestic sugar demand that exceeds production. The government and farmers are pursuing innovative solutions like the Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative to boost yields while reducing inputs, and growing sugarcane alongside other crops to improve sustainability.
The document provides information about the production process of sugar from sugarcane. It discusses that sugarcane is the primary raw material and needs to be processed immediately after harvesting. The processing involves crushing the sugarcane to extract juice, clarifying and concentrating the juice, crystallizing the sugar, centrifuging to separate molasses from the crystals, and finally drying the crystals before packaging. The overall production process aims to extract sugar from sugarcane in its pure form through various purification and separation steps.
This presentation provides an overview of sugar processing from sugarcane and sugar beets. It discusses the sugar industry, raw materials used, types of sugar produced, and the simplified and detailed flow diagrams of sugar processing. The key steps in sugar processing from sugarcane are producing raw sugar from the sugarcane and then refining that raw sugar into refined sugar. Sugar processing from sugar beets follows a similar refining process.
Combine harvesters can harvest between 2-9 rows of crops at once and harvest 1 acre in 1-1.3 hours at a cost of 3400 Rs per acre. They reduce human drudgery in harvesting and allow harvesting, threshing, and winnowing to be done simultaneously without using additional space. However, combine harvesters are expensive, ranging from 6-30 lakhs, and have high operating costs. They also cannot harvest small plots or fields with over 15cm of mud efficiently.
India is a major producer and consumer of pulses, accounting for over one-third of global area and 20% of production. However, production has not kept up with consumption, resulting in an annual import requirement of around 4-5 MMT. The document discusses India's pulses scenario including production trends, major producing states, crops and strategies to boost domestic production in order to reduce reliance on imports.
The document outlines procedures for seed sampling and analysis in India. It specifies minimum sampling intensities for seeds stored in bulk or bags. For bulk seeds, a minimum of 5 samples are required up to 500 kg, increasing to 10 samples for lots over 20,000 kg. For bagged seeds, every container must be sampled for lots up to 5 bags, every 3 containers for 6-30 bags, and every 5 containers for lots over 30 bags. Samples must be properly sealed, labeled with details, and sent to notified seed testing laboratories within 60 days.
This document summarizes the status and prospects of maize improvement in India according to Sujay Rakshit, Director of ICAR-IIMR, Ludhiana. It notes that India represents 4% of global maize area and 2% of production, ranking 4th in area and 7th in production. Maize area and productivity in India have increased significantly since the 1950s. The document outlines new maize hybrids released, opportunities for maize in non-traditional areas, available resources and technologies, and challenges such as biotic and abiotic stresses. It identifies tasks and priorities for continuing maize improvement in India.
Farmer's Agribusiness Training Course: Module 5 - Agribusiness Management for...Saide OER Africa
This Farmers' Agribusiness training course has been developed to help both farmers and farmer organisations. Its intention is to provide access to provide access to additional skills and knowledge that will allow farmers to move from a 'farm' to a 'firm'.This sub-module defines the concept of economics, provides an overview of the concept of a firm and explores the centrality of profit in its models.
Sugar cane is a tall perennial grass that is cultivated for its sucrose content. It originated in India and was initially used for medicinal purposes and religious ceremonies before it was refined into crystals for trade. Today, sugar cane is one of the world's largest crops by production quantity and Brazil is the largest producer. While sugar provides little nutritional value, it is widely used to sweeten foods and beverages and Americans consume nearly a pound of sugar every 2.5 days on average. The cultivation of sugar cane can impact the environment through soil erosion and agrochemical use, but better management practices like reducing burning can improve soil quality over the long term.
India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world, producing 29,750 metric tons annually. Sugarcane is planted by splitting stems into foot-long pieces and planting them in furrows, then fertilizing and weeding as it grows. It is harvested in the fall using machetes. Sugarcane is used to produce sugar, ethanol, bioelectricity from biomass, bioplastics using less oil than standard plastics, and other biofuels as scientists work to replace gasoline and diesel with cane-based fuels. The sugarcane processing involves milling the cane to extract juice, boiling and filtering the juice, and crystallizing it to produce sugar while molasses is further processed
Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugar, producing over 672 million tons annually. India is the second largest producer, producing 285 million tons, and is the largest producer of Gur and Khandsari. Sugar cane is produced in many areas worldwide, with major production in Brazil, India, China, Thailand, and Pakistan. Sugar is manufactured by cleaning sugarcane, milling it to extract juice, evaporating the juice to form syrup, crystallizing the syrup into sugar crystals, and packaging the sugar. Bagasse and ethanol are important byproducts of sugar production. Sugar production is well-suited to the cooperative sector in India due to its seasonal nature. Sugar mills are located within 25km of sugarcane
Comparison Between Manual and Machine Harvesting of Cotton FiberTaofir Shuvo
This presentation compares manual and machine harvesting of cotton fiber. Manual harvesting is slower but preserves fiber characteristics better by picking open bolls at frequent intervals to minimize weather effects. It is popular for small land holdings and allows 3-4 pickings per season. Machine harvesting is faster, picking four rows at a time in 30 seconds, but is more expensive and produces cotton with more trash and impurities. Overall, about 75% of cotton is manually harvested worldwide due to lower labor costs while machine harvesting accounts for 25% due to its higher productivity.
The oil palm is a tropical palm tree native to West Africa that is grown commercially for its fruit, which is processed to produce palm oil. There are two main species of oil palm - Elaeis guineensis originating from Africa and Elaeis oleifera from Central and South America. Oil palms are cultivated on large plantations and smallholder farms, with over 4 million hectares in Malaysia devoted to oil palm production, making Malaysia the world's largest producer and exporter of palm oil. Oil palms bear fruit bunches weighing 10-25 kg that contain 1000-3000 fruitlets, each with an oily flesh and seed rich in oil.
OVERVIEW & OUTLOOK:BRAZILIAN SUGARCANE INDUSTRY by Leticia Phillips, Representative in North America for the Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association - UNICA. Presentation featured at the 2nd International Conference: Brazil: A pathway into the future from the Emerging Markets Institute at Cornell University's Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management and Better Brazil
The document summarizes key aspects of Brazil's sugarcane ethanol sector, including its large contribution to Brazil's energy matrix and greenhouse gas emissions reductions. It notes that sugarcane cultivation occupies only 1.5% of Brazil's arable land but accounts for 87% of ethanol production. Productivity of sugarcane, sugar, and ethanol have all increased substantially while land area for sugarcane has only increased by 85%. The sector has agreements for social and environmental responsibility. The document concludes that Brazilian agriculture, including biofuels, has potential for large greenhouse gas reductions and that developing countries could benefit from opportunities in biofuels with reduced trade barriers.
This document welcomes the reader to Studio TMLS and provides information about their Brazilian factory, sample factory, and factories. It also mentions Studio TMLS stores in Brazil and their South America investment. The document provides credits for photos taken by Denise Wichmann, Eduardo Metinger, and Elisabeth Rahal. It also credits the creation to Eduardo Metinger and Elisabeth Rahal and provides URLs for Studio TMLS, Eduardo Metinger's Flickr page, and Denise Wichmann's website.
Esta empresa se dedica al corte de una gran variedad de materiales como nylamid, caucho, fibra de vidrio, granito y cerámica utilizando máquinas de corte por chorro de agua, plasma u oxicorte. Ofrecen cortes de hasta 20cm de grosor con excelente calidad, precisión y rapidez en piezas industriales, arte y tapetes de mármol. Su ubicación es en Morelos pte 1303, Col San Bernardino, C.P. 50080, Toluca, Edo. de Méx.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
O documento apresenta as funcionalidades e a interface do WebMail da empresa Tecla, incluindo como acessá-lo através do site ou endereço direto, as ferramentas disponíveis e como escrever, enviar e gerenciar mensagens e endereços de email.
O documento discute a avaliação formativa e a prática da interdisciplinaridade no ensino médio. Ele aborda como a avaliação formativa pode promover a aprendizagem dos estudantes de forma complementar à avaliação somativa, e define a interdisciplinaridade como um processo de integração entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento que considera a complexidade do mundo. O documento também fornece exemplos de atividades interdisciplinares e estratégias para aplicar essa abordagem no ensino.
Este documento apresenta um resumo sobre redes veiculares ad hoc (VANETs). Discute como as VANETs funcionam, características como comunicação inter-veicular e veículo-estrada, e tecnologias como WAVE e 3G. Também aborda questões de segurança e desafios de roteamento nestas redes móveis.
O documento fornece um resumo de uma empresa de marketing e promoções. Apresenta sua história de crescimento desde 1999, principais clientes, casos de sucesso com Lojas Americanas, Embratel, Casa & Vídeo e Gafisa, e detalhes sobre suas operações no Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais e São Paulo.
A TDC é uma empresa brasileira especializada em educação corporativa e desenvolvimento gerencial, oferecendo cursos, workshops, palestras e consultoria para ajudar empresas e profissionais a transformarem conhecimento em ação e resultados. Ela trabalha com diversos parceiros internacionais para fornecer soluções customizadas de treinamento e capacitação.
Este documento fornece uma lista de sites sobre publicidade e propaganda, incluindo sites de revistas, blogs, instituições, agências, associações e festivais de prêmios. A lista inclui dezenas de sites de cada categoria, fornecendo recursos para aqueles interessados na indústria da publicidade.
Este documento presenta un informe de laboratorio realizado por tres estudiantes de la Escuela de Telecomunicaciones de la Universidad Fermín Toro en Cabudare, Lara, Venezuela en febrero de 2012.
O documento discute a importância das gôndolas para o varejo de autosserviço. As gôndolas devem ser escolhidas levando em conta fatores como o layout da loja, os produtos expostos e a qualidade para garantir a durabilidade dos equipamentos. Investir em gôndolas de qualidade é essencial para melhorar a exposição dos produtos e aumentar as vendas.
Este documento fornece uma introdução abrangente ao Linux, cobrindo tópicos como a história do Linux, distribuições, hardware compatível, instalação, gerenciamento de pacotes, configuração do sistema, comandos Linux e processadores de texto. Inclui guias passo-a-passo e explicações detalhadas para ajudar os usuários a configurar e usar o sistema operacional Linux.
Este documento é uma revista científica da Associação Nacional Hestia de Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Oportunidade. O documento apresenta artigos sobre embalagens, bioengenharia e materiais cerâmicos, além de informações sobre a equipe editorial. O artigo resumido trata do design e simulação de uma embalagem polimérica para azeitonas com um descaroçador anexo.
This document provides an overview of the media conglomerate Viacom. It discusses Viacom's founding, leadership, headquarters, total assets, website, advertising slogan, vision statement, mission statement, industries and businesses it operates in, revenues, global market share, and leading competitors around the world. It also outlines Viacom's major brands like MTV, Nickelodeon, BET, their respective market shares, as well as Viacom's marketing strategies for growth projections.
“O Mensageiro do Algarve” fez dois anos. Foram dois anos a dar informação do que filatelicamente ia acontecendo pelo Algarve, sem esquecer o que, por outras paragens, ia acontecendo também, mas, neste caso, com a participação de filatelistas do Algarve.
Estão de parabéns as agremiações filatélicas e de coleccio-nismo do Algarve que puseram em pé um projecto que lentamente foi amadurecendo, primeiro em versão papel que não chegou sequer a sair de projecto, por falta de suporte económico. Viria a ser viável em versão electrónica, pois praticamente não tem custos e é de fácil dis-tribuição, chega rapidamente ao seu destinatário e pode ser redistri-buído sem lhe tirar qualquer qualidade, além de estar sempre acessí-vel em qualquer parte do mundo.
Carolice de alguns, que se mantém porque há acontecimen-tos que o suportam e porque há leitores para este tipo de revistas electrónicas e pensamos que tem aceitação, disso nos vamos aperce-bendo,
Foram oito números, foram no seu total 252 páginas, foi bas-tante informação do que aconteceu e do que haveria para acontecer. Fizemos a incursão a outras regiões geográficas e, neste particular, destacamos a Andaluzia, não só pela proximidade, mas mercê de um acordo com os filatelistas andaluzes, as participações de filatelistas algarvios passaram então a fronteira para serem expostas em Espa-nha, e o inverso também tem acontecido, e disso demos conhecimen-to.
Alguns artigos sobre o Algarve enriqueceram as páginas de “O Mensageiro do Algarve”, não esquecendo o coleccionismo com particular destaque para a filatelia, certamente que irão continuar a aparecer, assim haja quem os escreva e os envie para a nossa Redacção, serão publicados na oportunidade caso neles encontremos algo de novo e interessante.
As oito figuras que constituíram as primeiras páginas de “O Mensageiro do Algarve”, aí estão. Outros números se lhe seguirão que, a seu tempo, os nossos leitores terão acesso aos seus conteúdos.
Assim será o futuro próximo, esperamos…
A revista apresenta a história de 50 anos da empresa E. Orlando Roos Comércio de Cereais Ltda., uma das maiores produtoras de sementes de trigo e soja do Brasil. A publicação destaca os valores, a visão, a missão e o organograma da empresa, além de apresentar os principais gestores e sócios, como Erni Orlando Roos, Marina Roos da Rocha e Airton Roos.
As três nações da América do Sul Guiana, Suriname e Guiana Francesa são descritas brevemente. O documento discute o relevo, divisão política e aspectos gerais de cada país.
O documento discute os diferentes tipos de mídia exterior e extensiva, incluindo outdoors, painéis digitais, totens, placas em prédios e veículos como ônibus e táxis. Também menciona a legislação sobre publicidade urbana e fornece exemplos de empresas que oferecem serviços de mídia fora de casa.
The document discusses a business proposal to produce bioethanol from sugar industry waste in India. The key points are:
1) The business aims to set up a manufacturing plant to produce high quality bioethanol from bagasse and molasses, waste products of the sugar industry, and sell it as a cheap fuel substitute.
2) Bioethanol production would effectively reduce fuel prices, revolutionize transportation, generate rural employment, and maximize potential of the agro industry in India.
3) The sugar industry produces large amounts of bagasse and molasses annually, making them essentially free and abundant raw materials for bioethanol production. Converting these wastes would provide an eco-friendly and sustainable solution.
Sugarcane ethanol has several advantages for India: sugarcane can sequester carbon dioxide while producing byproducts like sugar, alcohol, power and bioplastics; this can reduce dependency on oil imports and pollution. However, India faces challenges in fully utilizing sugarcane for ethanol including a lack of support for innovative practices, outdated infrastructure, and insufficient policy support from the government regarding pricing, blending mandates and incentives for multi-fuel vehicles. Future focus areas should include improving yields through better management, producing high-value products from sugarcane, reducing pollution across the supply chain, and developing infrastructure for ethanol transportation.
The document discusses Brazil's biofuels industry and related environmental concerns. It notes that Brazil has significantly reduced deforestation rates in the Amazon while expanding sugarcane ethanol production. Some critics argue that increased biofuels production could lead to environmental destruction, but supporters note Brazil has doubled ethanol output without damaging food production or forests by using degraded pasturelands. Debate continues around the industry's sustainability and impacts.
Modern fuels and their environmental impactsSaurav Gurung
Modern fuels include renewable fuels synthesized from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. Biofuels are considered modern fuels and are made from biomass sources like plants and waste. First generation biofuels are made from food crops while second and third generation biofuels can be made from non-food sources like cellulosic biomass and engineered plants. The production of biofuels is increasing but has led to concerns about food prices and using food for fuel. Future fuels will likely focus on electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles to address sustainability and emissions issues.
Economic potential and relevance of biofuel program in indiasugarmills
This document discusses the potential for sugarcane ethanol production in India to meet its fuel and chemical needs. It notes that India imports over 60% of its oil and will become one of the largest oil importers by 2025. Producing ethanol from sugarcane could meet a significant portion of India's fuel needs, reducing imports and generating income for farmers. However, policies around ethanol production and use need to be standardized across states to incentivize growth in this sector.
010-011_Biofuels-Fundamental Research and Industrial Applicationsenicsummerschool
This document provides information about biofuels including ethanol and biodiesel. It discusses various global production statistics for biofuels. It also discusses different feedstocks and technologies used to produce biofuels, including first, second, and potential 1.5 generation biofuels from feedstocks like sweet sorghum. Challenges facing the biofuels industry are mentioned, as well as some example projects and companies working in the biofuels space.
The sugar agroindustry in Guatemala plays an important role in the national economy. It produces renewable electricity from sugarcane biomass that covers 32% of the country's electricity demand. It has also implemented more sustainable practices that have reduced water consumption and ensured rational water use. The industry generates over 50,000 direct jobs and supports hundreds of thousands more indirect jobs and families. It is also a major exporter, responsible for 6.5% of Guatemala's total exports and its sugarcane products are one of the top five agro-industrial exports.
This document discusses sugarcane ethanol production in India. It notes that sugarcane is a perennial crop that sequesters carbon dioxide and its entire biomass can be utilized. However, the sugarcane industry in India currently lacks innovative developments and policies to fully support ethanol production. The document outlines developments in sugarcane crops in other countries and calls for India to develop a comprehensive ethanol policy, infrastructure to support ethanol trade, and incentives for multi-fuel vehicles to increase ethanol blending and utilization.
Biodiesel Partnership Proposal In Brazilminasinvest
The document discusses Brazil's potential to be a hub for skills in the biodiesel production chain by bringing together public and private sector organizations to establish turn-key biodiesel projects from raw materials to finished fuel. This would promote sustainable development and poverty alleviation by creating new economic opportunities and making better use of Brazil's biomass energy potential.
The document discusses the economics of producing energy crops for fuel conversion. It finds that while the U.S. has significant agricultural resources that could be used to produce biofuels, the costs of growing and converting most feedstocks into biofuels is currently higher than for conventional fuels. However, government policies aim to advance technologies that lower biofuel production costs and account for environmental externalities not reflected in fossil fuel prices. As technologies progress, biofuels are expected to become more competitive.
Biodiesel partnership proposal in brazilRede Jatropha
This document summarizes the goals and vision of an organization in Brazil called Rede JatrophaNet that aims to organize the biodiesel production chain in Brazil. The organization seeks to set up partnerships between private and public sector organizations to provide turn-key biodiesel production projects and promote sustainable development. The document outlines the various steps in biodiesel production and notes the economic, social, and environmental benefits of biodiesel for Brazil including increased farm incomes, rural job creation, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and decreased dependence on oil imports.
The document provides information about Whiteoxe Energy & Resources Pvt. Ltd., an Indian company focused on renewable energy and sustainability. The company was founded with the goal of helping underserved parts of Indian society through economic and social opportunities. It plans to enter biofuel and hydrogen production and expand into e-commerce, healthcare, infrastructure, and tourism. The company promotes innovation in green energy, agriculture, and other sectors. It advocates for environmental protection through initiatives like fighting global warming, preserving natural resources, and shifting to renewable energy.
Whiteoxe Energy & Resources Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian company that aims to drive economical development and fulfill social needs through innovative business ventures. The company operates in sectors like biofuels, electrolytic hydrogen production, e-commerce, healthcare, infrastructure, and tourism. It promotes innovation, environmental protection, and ethical business practices to achieve its mission of affordable and sustainable energy solutions.
Developments in bio refinery and its impact on pulp and paper industryArivalagan Arumugam
The document discusses developments in bio-refineries and their impact on the pulp and paper industry. It outlines how environmental and energy security concerns are driving the use of renewable resources for fuel production. Technological advances now allow biomass to be converted into biofuels, power, and chemicals through integrated biorefining processes. Global biofuel production is over 100 billion liters annually, with various feedstocks and conversion technologies used. Commercial biorefineries have been established in many countries. This impacts pulp and paper industries that also use some biomass feedstocks.
The Colombian government has implemented policies since 2005 to promote the production and use of biofuels in the country. This has led to significant growth in the biofuels sector, with ethanol production increasing from 27,034 thousand liters in 2005 to 369,722 thousand liters in 2012 and biodiesel production increasing from 169,411 tons in 2009 to 489,991 tons in 2012. The biofuels sector provides opportunities for investment in ethanol and biodiesel plants, as well as crops for biofuel production, as domestic demand is expected to continue growing with expanded mixing policies. Large foreign companies like Mitsubishi and Merhav have already invested in biofuels production in Colombia.
Free management briefing from Innovation Forum on sustainability issues - and how they are being tackled - in the global alcoholic drinks industry. March 15 2016 London conference also being held. Details at: http://innovation-forum.co.uk/sustainable-drinks.php
Bioethanol from sugarcane has become a major source of energy due to concerns over food shortages from other biofuel feedstocks. Vietnam has great potential for biofuel production from its sugarcane, cassava, agricultural residues and cellulosic biomass. Two ethanol plants are planned to begin operations in 2008-2009, producing ethanol from sugarcane molasses and cassava, while biodiesel may be produced from catfish oil, used cooking oil, and Jatropha oil.
Similar to Sugarcane industry in brazil by UNICA (20)
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
CAKE: Sharing Slices of Confidential Data on BlockchainClaudio Di Ciccio
Presented at the CAiSE 2024 Forum, Intelligent Information Systems, June 6th, Limassol, Cyprus.
Synopsis: Cooperative information systems typically involve various entities in a collaborative process within a distributed environment. Blockchain technology offers a mechanism for automating such processes, even when only partial trust exists among participants. The data stored on the blockchain is replicated across all nodes in the network, ensuring accessibility to all participants. While this aspect facilitates traceability, integrity, and persistence, it poses challenges for adopting public blockchains in enterprise settings due to confidentiality issues. In this paper, we present a software tool named Control Access via Key Encryption (CAKE), designed to ensure data confidentiality in scenarios involving public blockchains. After outlining its core components and functionalities, we showcase the application of CAKE in the context of a real-world cyber-security project within the logistics domain.
Paper: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61000-4_16
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
AI-Powered Food Delivery Transforming App Development in Saudi Arabia.pdfTechgropse Pvt.Ltd.
In this blog post, we'll delve into the intersection of AI and app development in Saudi Arabia, focusing on the food delivery sector. We'll explore how AI is revolutionizing the way Saudi consumers order food, how restaurants manage their operations, and how delivery partners navigate the bustling streets of cities like Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam. Through real-world case studies, we'll showcase how leading Saudi food delivery apps are leveraging AI to redefine convenience, personalization, and efficiency.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
2. About Us
The Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association (UNICA) is
the leading association for the sugarcane industry in Brazil,
representing 60% of the country’s sugarcane production and
processing. UNICA’s priorities include serving as a source for
reliable information and analysis about the efficiency and
sustainability of sugarcane products, particularly ethanol. The
association works to encourage the continuous advancement
of sustainable practices throughout the sugarcane industry,
and to promote low-carbon sugarcane energy solutions as a
clean alternative to traditional fossil-based products.
linked to the Ministry of Development, Industry and
Foreign Trade (MDIC), whose mission is to foster the
competitiveness of Brazilian companies by promoting
their internationalization and the attraction of foreign
direct investments (FDI). Apex-Brasil supports more
than 13,000 companies in 81 productive sectors of
the Brazilian economy exporting to more than 200
markets. Through initiatives undertaken in a partnership
with industry organizations, the Agency organizes trade
promotion activities and produces trade and competitive
intelligence studies with the objective of guiding the
decisions of domestic corporations on the entry into
international markets.
The Brazilian Trade and Investment Promotion
Agency (Apex-Brasil) is a Brazilian government agency
UNICA and Apex-Brasil are partners in promoting the
benefits of Brazilian sugarcane ethanol around the globe.
3. Brazil:
a leader in
low-carbon solutions
to climate change
With nearly half of its energy matrix based on
renewable sources, Brazil is a global leader in the
production and large scale use of clean, renewable
energy. The successful use of sugarcane helps
the country reduce its dependence on oil,
while increasing energy security and contributing
to a thriving economy.
Elizabeth Farina
CEO
UNICA
A Promising
Partnership with
the European Union
Brazil-United States:
Making a Difference
Together
“The European Union is looking for solutions to
tackle global warming and reduce greenhouse
gas emissions from transport. Thanks to its
unique environmental performance, Brazilian
sugarcane ethanol can help Europe meet its
ambitious 2020 climate targets and ultimately
diversify its energy supply.”
“The United States (U.S.) and Brazil both want
safe, secure and affordable energy, at home and
globally. In December 2011, the U.S. removed its
over 30-year-old tariff on ethanol and opened up
the American market to imports of clean fuels. With
leadership from both Americans and Brazilians, a
global market for free trade of renewable energy can
become a reality.”
UNICA’s office in Brussels
UNICA’s office in Washington, D.C.
4. 5.6%
Other
Renewables
Sugarcane is the Top
Source of Renewable
Energy in Brazil
38.6%
Petroleum &
Derivatives
9.7%
Other
Biomass
15.7%
SUGARCANE
14.7%
Hydroelectricity
15.7%
Coal &
Natural Gas
Source: BEN (2012)
Unlocking the
Power of Sugarcane
Sugarcane has been produced in Brazil for more
than 500 years, making it the country’s oldest
economic activity. Decades of intense research,
development and innovation have resulted in a
large-scale and modern industry able to deliver
sugar, ethanol and many other renewable energy
solutions. The Proálcool program put in place in the
1970s has helped Brazil transition from importing
almost 80% of its total oil consumption to becoming
virtually energy independent and a world leader in
renewable energy.
While sugarcane was first dedicated to sugar
production, tremendous advances in technology have
allowed it to go beyond food, ensuring that all parts of
the sugarcane plant are converted into energy.
Sugarcane ethanol is used in the transport sector as a renewable
fuel that cuts greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 90%
compared to gasoline. Increasing the uptake of sugarcane
ethanol can help improve global energy security by diversifying
both fuel supply and suppliers. Sugarcane ethanol also serves
as a substitute for petrol to produce bioplastics, which have
the same properties as regular plastics but are much more
environmentally friendly.
Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane, sugar,
and sugarcane ethanol.
Bioelectricity is another innovative area for sugarcane, where
leftover sugarcane biomass known as bagasse
—
—is burned
and converted into clean electricity.
The next frontier of sugarcane innovation is the development
of transport fuels that go beyond ethanol, such as diesel and
jet fuel made directly from sugarcane. These biohydrocarbons
will be clean, low-carbon and renewable like ethanol, but will
not require engine changes or additional infrastructure.
Most countries around the world are searching for clean,
renewable options to increase energy supplies and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Sugarcane has
emerged as an important alternative for meeting those needs. This powerful plant is grown in more than
100 countries and holds the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, diversify energy supplies and
create jobs.
6. UNLOCKING
THE POWER OF
SUGARCANE
The sugarcane industry in
Brazil provides clean and
renewable solutions to our
most pressing challenges,
including climate change mitigation and diversification of energy
sources. This is made possible thanks to sugarcane’s unique
versatility. While it was first used to produce sugar, sugarcane
is now diversifying into an extraordinarily wide range of valueadded products that go beyond food, ethanol and bioelectricity
to also include bioplastics, biohydrocarbons and biochemicals.
Sugarcane-derived products are produced in the same facilities,
which are powered by clean energy from leftover cane fiber
(known as bagasse), reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
and transportation costs.
In addition to reducing GHG emissions, sugarcane has the potential
to diversify energy supplies and create jobs. This single plant offers
an expanding array of solutions for a cleaner, healthier planet.
For more information on the Brazilian sugarcane industry, visit:
www.unica.com.br/en, www.unicadata.com.br and sugarcane.org
7. SUGAR
Sugar is the most traditional product made from sugarcane.
It has been a popular sweetener for centuries. Portuguese settlers
started to plant sugarcane in Brazil in the 1530s without knowing
that the product would become a key pillar of Brazil’s economy.
Today Brazilian sugar production accounts for approximately 25%
of global production and 50% of world exports. Approximately 2/3 of
all sugar produced in Brazil is exported to more than 100 countries
around the world. Virtually all exports are traded in the free market
—
with the exception of developed countries that tend to protect their
sugar markets by granting very small tariff-rate quotas to Brazil.
Brazil is a member of the Global Alliance for Sugar Trade Reform
and Liberalization, which seeks to improve the world’s sugar trading
environment.
SUGARCANE INDUSTRY IN BRAZIL | 1
8. Flex Fuel Vehicles: A Brazilian Success Story
The National Ethanol Program, known as Proálcool, was launched in 1975 by the Brazilian
government and set the basis of Brazil’s successful biofuels policy. It was in 2003 that
sugarcane ethanol use increased significantly with the introduction of Flex Fuel Vehicles
(FFVs). FFVs can run on 100% ethanol, gasoline, or any blend of the two, giving Brazilian
consumers a unique choice at the pump. Drivers’ decision on the type of fuel they use is
based on price and environmental benefits. In 2012, FFVs accounted for 57% of the light
vehicle fleet and for 92% of new car sales in Brazil. This success paved the way for the
launch of flex fuel motorcycles in 2009 and ethanol-powered buses.
2 | Visit sugarcane.org for more information
9. ETHANOL
Sugarcane ethanol is a clean and affordable
renewable fuel that significantly reduces GHG
emissions and helps diversify energy supplies, while
at the same time respecting the environment. It is an
alcohol-based fuel produced by the fermentation of
sugarcane juice and molasses. A cost-competitive and
low-carbon option, sugarcane ethanol has emerged
as a leading renewable fuel in the transport sector.
Moreover, it offers the best environmental performance
of any biofuel produced on a commercial scale.
Benefits of Ethanol:
• Cleaner Air. Ethanol adds oxygen to gasoline, which
helps reduce air pollution and harmful emissions.
• Reduced GHG Emissions. Compared to gasoline,
sugarcane ethanol cuts CO 2 emissions by an
average of 90%.
• Better Performance. Ethanol is a high-octane fuel
that helps prevent engine knocking and generates
more horsepower than regular gasoline.
• Lower Petroleum Usage. Ethanol reduces global dependence on oil.
Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane ethanol
and a pioneer in using ethanol as a motor vehicle fuel.
The country has replaced half of its gasoline needs with
sugarcane ethanol. All gasoline sold in Brazil includes a
blend of 18 to 25% ethanol.
Sugarcane ethanol is made from the sucrose found in
cane juice and molasses. The process taps only 1/3 of
the energy sugarcane can provide. The other 2/3 are
locked in the bagasse, the fibrous residue that remains
once cane is crushed, and the straw, which is removed
from the cane harvested mechanically before it is
processed. New techniques are under development to
produce what is known as cellulosic ethanol from leftover
plant material. Once these processes are commercially
viable, cellulosic ethanol has the potential to nearly
double the fuel that can be produced without increasing
the area planted with sugarcane.
In Brazil, nearly all new cars can run on either
ethanol or gasoline. Every fueling station has at
least one dedicated ethanol pump.
SUGARCANE INDUSTRY IN BRAZIL | 3
11. BIOELECTRICITY
As it grows, sugarcane converts sunlight into
chemical energy, which is stored inside the juice,
the bagasse and the straw. Brazilian sugarcane mills
harness the energy contained in bagasse by burning
and converting it into bioelectricity. After the cane
is harvested mechanically, the straw can be burned
alongside bagasse in high-efficiency boilers to produce
even more bioelectricity.
Sugarcane mills are leading by example in bioelectricity.
They are energy self-sufficient, producing enough
steam and bioelectricity to power their own operations.
A growing number of mills generate an energy surplus,
which is sold to distribution companies and helps to
light up numerous cities throughout Brazil.
Bioelectricity from sugarcane biomass already provides
more than 3% of Brazil’s electricity needs, a figure that
is expected to increase to 18% by 2020. By comparison,
this is enough energy to power the currrent demand of
an entire country the size of Sweden or Argentina.
In addition, bioelectricity is complementary to hydroelectricity, Brazil’s main source of electric energy.
Sugarcane’s harvesting season, when most biomass is
available, coincides with the driest period of the year,
when the water reservoirs are at their lowest.
2/3 of the sugarcane energy
is stored in the leftover cane
fiber known as bagasse and
in the straw.
SUGARCANE INDUSTRY IN BRAZIL | 5
12. Since 1969, the Sugarcane
Technology Center (CTC) has
played an important role in the
ongoing evolution of sugarcane
production and processing.
WHAT’S NEXT?
Biohydrocarbons and Biochemicals
Biohydrocarbons go beyond traditional biofuels and
represent the next frontier for sugarcane. Brazil is leading
the way in the development of alternative transportation
fuels that could replace gasoline, diesel and jet fuel
without petroleum. These biochemical molecules will be
clean, low-carbon and renewable like ethanol. They are
often called “drop-in fuels” because they can be used
in any amount with current engines, fueling stations
and pipelines. Some companies are also developing
sugarcane-based biochemicals as ingredients in the
production of lubricants, cosmetics and detergents.
6 | Visit sugarcane.org for more information
Bioplastics
Conventional plastics are becoming economically and
environmentally unsustainable. As a result, sugarcane
ethanol has emerged as an important ingredient to
substitute for petroleum in the production of plastic
to produce bioplastics. By replacing petroleum with
sugarcane, beverage containers, food packaging and
other consumer products emit far less GHG emissions
in the atmosphere.
Bioplastics have the same physical and chemical
properties as regular plastic (the most common type is
known technically as PET) and are 100% recyclable.
13. WHY BRAZILIAN
SUGARCANE?
Greenhouse Gas Reductions
Sugarcane ethanol cuts CO2 emissions by
90%, on average, compared to gasoline, and
other sugarcane products offer similar lowcarbon advantages.
Energy Diversity & Security
Sugarcane no longer produces just sugar.
It can be used to develop multiple forms of
energy, including ethanol, bioelectricity and
biohydrocarbons. Expanding production of
clean, renewable sugarcane products would
help enhance energy security and reduce
global dependence on fossil fuels.
Cultivation Best Practices
The sugarcane sector works with a wide range
of stakeholders to share best practices for
sustainable production. It employs modern
agronomic management techniques to enhance
productivity and protect the environment.
Brazilian mills have low soil erosion, water
and agrochemicals use. Brazilian sugarcane
needs fewer soil inputs due to the innovative
use of organic fertilizers created throughout
the sugarcane processing.
Economic Growth & Job Creation
The sugarcane industry is a key segment in
the Brazilian economy, generating US $36
billion in gross annual revenue and employing
more than 1 million people. Beyond Brazil,
many cane-growing nations are located in the
tropics and are often developing countries
in search of new economic opportunities.
Sugarcane expansion can create rural jobs
and increase access to electricity.
São Paulo’s Green Protocol:
An Industry Best Practice
The Brazilian Sugarcane Industry Association
(UNICA) has partnered with the government of
the São Paulo State, where 60% of Brazilian
sugarcane is grown, to create the Green Protocol.
Technological advances and environmental
concerns have increased demand for mechanized
harvesting because it eliminates the need to burn
fields. Mechanization is increasing and by 2014
approximately 90% of the harvest will
be mechanized. By 2017, it will be
the only means of harvesting.
RenovAção Program:
Boosting Skills Through Training
With mechanization advancing and rapidly
replacing manual harvesting, the sugarcane
industry has focused on retraining workers so
they can find suitable jobs within the sector
or work in other segments of the economy.
Since the launch of the ‘RenovAção’ program
(2010/11), UNICA, its member companies,
and partners have trained almost 23,000
workers through local requalification
programs.
SUGARCANE INDUSTRY IN BRAZIL | 7
14. Preserving
Biodiversity
Preserving biodiversity
Sugarcane production is growing to accommodate
the booming demand for sugarcane-derived products, and
especially for clean and renewable ethanol. Essential to
managing this growth is proper land use planning, while
at the same time protecting precious natural resources.
Brazil recognizes this challenge and has taken the
lead in establishing agro-ecological zonings across its
territory to allow for the sustainable expansion of food
and bioenergy production.
Sugarcane is grown on a small amount of Brazil’s farmland, occupying 9.5
million hectares. Of that amount, 4.6 million is used to grow cane to be
processed into ethanol. This is only 0.5% of the Brazilian territory.
Almost 90% of Brazilian sugarcane production takes place in South-Central
Brazil, with the remainder grown along the coast of Northeastern Brazil.
Both producing regions are located 2,000 to 2,500 km (1,240 to 1,550
miles) away from the Amazon. That is roughly the distance between New
York City and Dallas, or Paris and Moscow.
RN
PB
PE
AL
SE
MT
GO
MG
MS
PR
SP
Amazon Forest
Pantanal Wetlands
Sugarcane Production Area
Source: NIPE – Unicamp, IBGE and CTC
LAND USE IN BRAZIL
Million hectares
Total area
Urbanization and other uses
Native vegetation
Pasture
Agriculture
Sugarcane
Sugarcane for ethanol
852
40
554
198
60
9.5
4.6
Note: other uses include hydrography
Sources: Institute for International Trade Negotiations – ICONE; The Brazilian Institute of Geography
and Statistics – IBGE (PAM 2010 and Censo Agropecuário 2006); Brazilian Ministry of the
Environment – MMA; National Institute for Space Research - INPE (TerraClass) and Agricultural Land
Use and Expansion Model Brazil Ag-LUE-BR (Gerd Sparovek, ESALQ/USP). Compiled by UNICA.
Note: percentages refer to Brazil’s total area.
Source: RedeAgro
Compiled by UNICA and TV1vídeo
Sugarcane Agro-Ecological Zoning: responsible production
Since 2009, Brazil ensures by law that sugarcane expansion is compatible with respect for
biodiversity. The Sugarcane Agro-ecological Zoning pivots on three main rules:
• No sugarcane expansion
or new ethanol production
facilities in sensitive
biomes like the Amazon
and the Pantanal wetlands.
8 | Visit sugarcane.org for more information
• No clearance of native
vegetation to expand
sugarcane cultivation
anywhere in the country,
including in native Cerrado.
• Identification of suitable
areas with proper agronomic
and climate conditions
where sugarcane production
should be prioritized over
other regions.
17. Key Numbers of the
Brazilian Sugarcane
Industry | 2012/2013 Harvest*
PRODUCTION
Sugarcane production:
590 million tons
Sugar production: 38.2 million tons
Domestic consumption: 11.4 million tons Exports: 26.8 million tons
Main markets for exports (2012/13):
China (9.06%)
United Arab Emirates (7%)
Indonesia (6.17%)
Algeria (6.11%)
Russia (5.94%)
Brazil accounts for 50%
of global sugar exports to
more than 100 countries.
80% of exports are raw sugar,
20% are white sugar
ethanol production: 23.2 billion liters
Domestic consumption: 19.7 billion liters
Exports: 3.5 billion liters
Production of anhydrous ethanol: 9.8 billion liters
Production of hydrous ethanol: 13.4 billion liters
Main markets for exports (2012/13):
United States (65.8%)
Jamaica (9.7%)
Korea (5.4%)
El Salvador (4.4%)
European Union (3.3%)
Brazil is the world’s second
largest producer of ethanol
behind the United States.
Bioelectricity: 1,000 average megawatts
Equivalent to 3% of Brazil’s energy matrix
Production mix1: 50% sugar, 50% ethanol
SUGARCANE QUALITY
Kg of TRS2/ton of sugarcane: 135.1
* Preliminary data for 2012/2013 sugarcane harvest.
1
Share of sugarcane utilized to produce sugar and ethanol.
TRS: Total Recoverable Sugars (ATR in Portuguese). TRS is the actual sugar content in harvested cane,
which determines how much sugar and ethanol can be produced.
2
18. THE ECONOMICS OF
THE SUGARCANE
INDUSTRY IN BRAZIL
(2012)
Annual revenue of the sector:
More than US $36 billion
Export earnings:
US $16 billion
Sugarcane-derived products (sugar and ethanol) rank second
in Brazilian agribusiness exports, just after soy products
Number of mills:
401 nationwide
Number of independent sugarcane growers:
70,000
Share of SUGARCANE IN Brazil’s energy matrix:
15.7%
Direct employment:
1.15 million workers
Number of flex fuel vehicles3:
17.9 million vehicles (2012)
57% of total light vehicle fleet
Approximately 190 million tons of CO2 have been avoided since
March 2003
3
Flex Fuel Vehicles (FFVs) can run on 100% ethanol, gasoline or any blend of the two.
19. UNICA MEMBER COMPANIES
GROUPS
Ituiutaba Bioenergia - MG
Central de Itumbiara de Bioenergia - GO
Pedra . www.uspedra.com.br
Pedra - Buriti
Pedra - Ibirá
Pedra - Ipê
Pedra - Serrana
Santa Adélia . www.usinasantaadelia.com.br
Pioneiros
Santa Adélia
Santa Adélia - Interlagos
Umoe . www.umoebioenergy.com
Umoe Bioenergy
Viralcool . www.viralcool.com.br
Santa Inês
Viralcool
Viralcool II
Virgolino de Oliveira . www.gvo.com.br
Virgolino de Oliveira - Ariranha
Virgolino de Oliveira - Itapira
Virgolino de Oliveira - José Bonifácio
Virgolino de Oliveira - Monções
Zilor . www.zilor.com.br
Barra Grande
Quatá
São José - Macatuba
Bunge
GUARANI
Frutal - MG . www.usmoema.com.br
Guariroba . www.usmoema.com.br
Itapagipe - MG . www.usmoema.com.br
Moema
Monteverde - MS
Ouroeste
Santa Juliana - MG
Andrade
Energética São José - Colina
Guarani - Cruz Alta
Guarani - Filial Mandú
Guarani - Filial Tanabi
Guarani - Severinia
Vertente
Adecoagro
www.adecoagro.com.br
Adecoagro Vale do Ivinhema - Angélica - MG
Monte Alegre - MG
Cerradinho
Usina Porto das Águas / GO
Colombo
www.acucarcaravelas.com.br
Colombo - Matriz
Colombo - Unidade Albertina
Colombo - Unidade Palestina
BAZAN
Bazan
Bela Vista - Pontal
BP Biocombustíveis
www.bp.com
www.bunge.com.br
www.acucarguarani.com.br
COPERSUCAR
LDC Bioenergia
Ferrari . www.usinaferrari.com.br
Santa Lucia . www.usinasantalucia.com.br
Santa Maria - J. Pilon
São José da Estiva . www.estiva.com.br
São Luiz - Ourinhos . www.usinasaoluiz.com.br
São Manoel . www.usinasaomanoel.com.br
Aralco . www.aralco.com.br
Aralco - Matriz
Generalco - Aralco
Figueira - Aralco
Balbo . www.canaverde.com.br
Santo Antonio - sertãozinho
São Francisco - sertãozinho
Batatais . www.usinabatatais.com.br
Batatais
Batatais - Lins
Cocal . www.cocal.com.br
Cocal
Cocal - II - Narandiba - SP
Furlan . www.usinafurlan.com.br
Furlan
Furlan - Unidade Avaré
Grupo Pitangueiras . www.pitaa.com.br
Pitangueiras
Ipiranga
Iacanga
Ipiranga
Ipiranga - Unid. Mococa
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
LDC
www.copersucar.com.br
www.biosev.com
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
SEV
-
Cresciumal
Lagoa da Prata - MG
Maracaju - MS
Passa Tempo - MS
Rio Brilhante - MS
São Carlos
Jardest
Santa Elisa
MB
Vale do Rosário
Continental
Noble Group
www.thisisnoble.com
NG Bioenergia / Unid. Catanduva
NG Bioenergia / Unid. Narandiba
Noble Brasil - Meridiano
Noble Brasil - ex Noroeste Paulista
Odebrecht Agroindustrial
www.odebrechtagroindustrial.com
Alcidia
Alto Taquari - MT
Morro Vermelho - GO
Eldorado - MS
Rio Claro Agroindustrial - GO
Santa Luzia - MS
Conquista - SP
J. Pessoa
CBAA - Ex. Sanagro
Raízen
www.raizen.com
Raizen Araraquara
Raizen Paraguaçu
Raizen Tarumã
Raizem Tarumã - Filial Maracai
Raízen Energia - Filial Benalcool
Raízen Energia - Filial Bom Retiro
Raízen Energia - Filial Bonfim
Raízen Energia - Filial Costa Pinto
Raízen Energia - Filial Barra
Raízen Energia - Filial Destivale
Raízen Energia - Filial Diamante
Raízen Energia - Filial Dois Córregos
Raízen Energia - Filial Gasa
Raízen Energia - Filial Ibaté
Raízen Energia - Filial Ipaussu
Raízen Energia - Filial Junqueira
Raízen Energia - Filial Mundial
Raízen Energia - Filial Rafard
Raízen Energia - Filial Santa Helena
Raízen Energia - Filial São Francisco
Raízen Energia - Filial Tamoio
Raízen Energia - Filial Univalem
Raízen Caarapo - MS
Cosan Centroeste - GO
Renuka
www.renukadobrasil.com.br
Renuka
Revati
São Martinho
www.saomartinho.ind.br
São Martinho - Iracemápolis
São Martinho - Pradópolis
Usina Boa Vista – GO
U.S.J - São João Araras
www.usj.com.br
SJC - São Francisco - GO
U.S.J. - São João Araras
INDIVIDUAL UNITS
Água Bonita . www.aguabonita.com.br
Cabrera Energética - MG . cabreraenergetica.com.br
Central Paulista
Cevasa . www.cevasa.com.br
Della Coletta Bioenergia . www.coletta.com.br
Ester . www.usinaester.com.br
Irmãos Malosso
Nardini . www.nardini.ind.br
Paraiso Bioenergia
Rio Vermelho Açúcar e Álcool
Santa Cruz - OP . www.usinasantacruz.com.br
Santa Rosa . www.usinasantarosa.com.br
São Domingos . www.usinasaodomingos.com.br
Usina Rio Pardo . www.urp.ind.br
20. Head Office
Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 2179–9º Andar
Jardim Paulistano–São Paulo–SP
CEP: 01452-000
Brazil
Tel: +55 (11) 3093 4949
Fax: +55 (11) 3812 1416
Email: unica@unica.com.br
Brussels
Avenue des Arts, 19 A/D
B-1000 Brussels
Belgium
Tel: +32 (0) 2 211 05 35
Fax: +32 (0) 2 211 05 31
Email: brussels@unica.com.br
Washington
1711 N Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036-2801
United States
Tel: +1 (202) 506 5299
Fax: +1 (202) 747 5836
Email: washington@unica.com.br
Brasília
SHN–Quadra 2–Executive Office Tower–Salas 1618 e 1619
Asa Norte–Brasília–DF
CEP: 70702-000
Brazil
Tel: +55 (61) 3037 6820
Fax: +55 (61) 3032 6814
Ribeirão Preto
Av. Antônio Diederichsen, 400–Salas 1706 e 1707
Jd. América–Ribeirão Preto–SP
CEP: 14020-250
Brazil
Tel: +55 (16) 3913 4715/4730
Fax: +55 (16) 3236 2493