This document provides information on substance use disorder and addiction. It discusses the dopamine and serotonin pathways in the brain and their functions. It describes the medial forebrain bundle and various regions involved like the ventral tegmental area. Drugs are associated with specific neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and GABA. Addiction is described as a chronic, relapsing brain disease. Withdrawal symptoms and management are covered for various substances like alcohol, opiates, and benzodiazepines. The neuropharmacology of drugs of abuse and their effects on neurochemical processes are also summarized.
IT ABOUT THE SUBSTANCE RELATED DISORDER AND IMPULSE CONTROL NOTE THAT OUR GROUP PRESENTED. IT ABOUT DISORDER WHICH CAN BE FOUND AFTER USING DRUG. THE EFFECT OF DRUG AND THE BEHAVIOR OCCUR BY USING DRUG. WE ALSO DISCUSS ON ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ABOUT USING AND TAKING DRUG ILLEGALLY. HOW TO TREAT THE DRUG USER ALSO WE DISCUSS IT IN THIS SLIDE.
Addiction is an old enemy of mankind. Here in this presentation, it is discussed how substances having abuse potential causes temporary and permanent changes to neuronal circuits in our brain.
Presentation by Dr. Jacob Kagan on addiction psychiatry, covers the neurobiology of addiction, diagnosis and management od dually-diagnosed patients, relapse prevention, psycopharmacology interventions and more. http://www.jacobkaganmd.com
IT ABOUT THE SUBSTANCE RELATED DISORDER AND IMPULSE CONTROL NOTE THAT OUR GROUP PRESENTED. IT ABOUT DISORDER WHICH CAN BE FOUND AFTER USING DRUG. THE EFFECT OF DRUG AND THE BEHAVIOR OCCUR BY USING DRUG. WE ALSO DISCUSS ON ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ABOUT USING AND TAKING DRUG ILLEGALLY. HOW TO TREAT THE DRUG USER ALSO WE DISCUSS IT IN THIS SLIDE.
Addiction is an old enemy of mankind. Here in this presentation, it is discussed how substances having abuse potential causes temporary and permanent changes to neuronal circuits in our brain.
Presentation by Dr. Jacob Kagan on addiction psychiatry, covers the neurobiology of addiction, diagnosis and management od dually-diagnosed patients, relapse prevention, psycopharmacology interventions and more. http://www.jacobkaganmd.com
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders: Scope for Social Work - Tasmin KurienTasminKurien
A presentation on different psychoactive substances and the disorders caused by dependence and addiction on them. And what can social workers do about it.
- by Tasmin Kurien
Subject: Mental Health and Social Work
The Psychology and Neurology of Substance Related DisordersRaymond Zakhari
New York City Chapter Men In Nursing Conference 2016 an overview (includes specific information regarding marijuana, stimulants, hallucinogens, depressants)
Alcohol Addiction Treatment - An Ultimate Guide to Overcome Your AddictionInspire Change Wellness
>> Psychological Conditions Depicting Alcohol Addiction.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment in 3 steps.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment through Group Therapies.
>> Social Life and Alcohol Addiction Treatment.
The Physiology of Addiction - February 2012Dawn Farm
"The Physiology of Addiction" was presented on Tuesday February 21, 2012, by Dr. Carl Christensen, MD, PhD, FACOG, CRMO, ABAM. This program explores the differences in neurochemistry between the addicted brain and the normal brain, the progression of physiological changes that occur in people with alcohol/other drug addiction, the mechanisms of physiologic tolerance and withdrawal, and the effects of treatment on the addicted brain. This program is part of the Dawn Farm Education Series, a FREE, annual workshop series developed to provide accurate, helpful, hopeful, practical, current information about chemical dependency, recovery, family and related issues. The Education Series is organized by Dawn Farm, a non-profit community of programs providing a continuum of chemical dependency services. For information, please see http://www.dawnfarm.org/programs/education-series.
Disruptive, Impulse Control & Conduct Disorders for NCMHCE StudyJohn R. Williams
Quick review of the essential points— DSM5 diagnosis criteria, assessments, treatments—of these disorders to better prepare for the National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam. This can be used like flashcards or as a presentation.
Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders: Scope for Social Work - Tasmin KurienTasminKurien
A presentation on different psychoactive substances and the disorders caused by dependence and addiction on them. And what can social workers do about it.
- by Tasmin Kurien
Subject: Mental Health and Social Work
The Psychology and Neurology of Substance Related DisordersRaymond Zakhari
New York City Chapter Men In Nursing Conference 2016 an overview (includes specific information regarding marijuana, stimulants, hallucinogens, depressants)
Alcohol Addiction Treatment - An Ultimate Guide to Overcome Your AddictionInspire Change Wellness
>> Psychological Conditions Depicting Alcohol Addiction.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment in 3 steps.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment through Group Therapies.
>> Social Life and Alcohol Addiction Treatment.
The Physiology of Addiction - February 2012Dawn Farm
"The Physiology of Addiction" was presented on Tuesday February 21, 2012, by Dr. Carl Christensen, MD, PhD, FACOG, CRMO, ABAM. This program explores the differences in neurochemistry between the addicted brain and the normal brain, the progression of physiological changes that occur in people with alcohol/other drug addiction, the mechanisms of physiologic tolerance and withdrawal, and the effects of treatment on the addicted brain. This program is part of the Dawn Farm Education Series, a FREE, annual workshop series developed to provide accurate, helpful, hopeful, practical, current information about chemical dependency, recovery, family and related issues. The Education Series is organized by Dawn Farm, a non-profit community of programs providing a continuum of chemical dependency services. For information, please see http://www.dawnfarm.org/programs/education-series.
Disruptive, Impulse Control & Conduct Disorders for NCMHCE StudyJohn R. Williams
Quick review of the essential points— DSM5 diagnosis criteria, assessments, treatments—of these disorders to better prepare for the National Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam. This can be used like flashcards or as a presentation.
Impulse-control disorders (ICDs) are psychological disorders characterized by the repeated inability to refrain from performing a particular action that is harmful either to oneself or others.
The individual fails to resist performing a potentially harmful act and it is usually accompanied by a sense of tension or arousal before committing the act and a sense of relief or pleasure when it is committed.
The hallmark in describing any of the ICDs is a tendency to gratify an immediate desire or impulse regardless of the consequences to one's self or to others.
A DSM 5 Update: Substance - Related And Addictive DisordersChat 2 Recovery
Within the next year, most insurance providers will be expecting all claims to include the new DSM-5 nomenclature. It is imperative for all mental health professionals to be comfortable with the new diagnostic criteria and recording procedures. This presentation provides participants with a clear understanding of the revisions made in the category of Substance - Related and Addictive Disorders from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5.
Topics presented by Nick Lessa, CEO of Inter-Care: an addiction treatment program in New York City.
Includes:
Changes in the diagnostic criteria from the DSM–IV to the DSM-5
The distinction between Substance Use Disorders and the Substance - Induced Disorders
Recording procedures for Substance Related Disorders
Depression
Background
Pathophysiology
• The monoamine theory of depression is that it results from a central deficit in the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine.
• Other reported physiological features include ↑cortisol and a blunted TSH response.
• However, there is no widely accepted and definitively proven biological model of depression.
Epidemiology
• Time course: for most it is an episodic illness, but for other it follows a more chronic course.
• Incidence: 5% annual risk, 20% lifetime risk.
Presentation
DSM and NICE criteria
These are based on DSM-4, though DSM-5 does not significantly differ.
Major depressive disorder is ≥2 weeks of low mood and/or anhedonia, and at least 4 symptoms out of:
• ↓Energy or fatigue.
• ↓Concentration
• ↓Weight/appetite.
• Disturbed sleep, which commonly includes early waking. Diurnal pattern to symptoms also seen, with symptoms often worse in the morning.
• Slowing of thought and movements (psychomotor slowing) or agitation.
• Ideas of worthlessness or guilt.
• Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.
• All but the last 2 are considered 'biological' symptoms.
Homeopathic Doctor - Dr. Anita Salunke homeopathic clinic for Drug Addiction ...Shewta shetty
Homeopathic Doctor Anita Salunke practices in Chembur, Mumbai, India in her homeopathic clinic Mindheal. Find more information about homeopathic treatment at Mindheal. Welcome to safe, sure and effective homeopathic treatment Drug Addiction
Comprehensive Guide to Understanding Addiction.pdfaspirefriscotx
Navigate the complexities of addiction with the 'Comprehensive Guide to Understanding Addiction,' a vital resource for anyone seeking in-depth knowledge about this critical issue. This guide delves into the various types of addictions, from substance abuse to behavioral dependencies, providing a thorough exploration of the causes, effects, and treatments available.
What is drug abuse ?
Physical & mental dependence,
Cause of drug abuse,
Route of administration,
Sign & symptoms of drug abuse,
How drug addiction occur,
Categories of drug abuse,
Various types of abused drug , their side effect & mechanism of action,
Prevention & control of drug abuse
Effective treatment for drug addiction in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chembur...Shewta shetty
"Drug Addiction- drug addiction is characterized by the use of narcotic drugs or alcohol excessively so that when its usage is stopped withdrawal symptoms are manifested in the body. Drug addiction is a complex but treatable condition. It can be treated by proper rehabilitation of the patient along with mindheal therapy."/>
Substance abuse - Signs and Symptoms & Treatment over dependence CLINICAL TOX...Dr. Ebenezer Abraham
This topic is taken from the Pharm.D (Doctor of Pharmacy) 4th Year, Subject (Clinical Toxicology) which describes the signs and symptoms and treatment over dependence of SUBSTANCE ABUSE
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The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
1. Substance Use Disorder
Addiction (DSM 5)
By
Soheir H. ElGhonemy
Assist. Professor of Psychiatry- Ain Shams University- Egypt
Member of International Society of Addiction Medicine
Member of European and American Psychiatric Associations
Trainer Approved by NCFLD
6. A Brain Chemistry Disease!
Addicting drugs seem to “match” the
transmitter system that is not normal
A chronic, relapsing, medical disease
There are mild, moderate, and severe forms
Detox is traditionally the first step in the
total treatment process
Methadone and nicotine maintenance is
evidence that some people require a
chemical to overcome the non-normal
transmitter system
8. The combination of neuroadaptations in the brain
circuitry for the three stages of the addiction cycle
that promote drug-seeking behavior in the
addicted state.
Activation of the ventral striatum/dorsal
striatum/extended amygdala driven by cues
through the hippocampus and basolateral
amygdala and stress through the insula.
The frontal cortex system is compromised,
producing deficits in executive function and
contributing to the incentive salience of drugs
compared to natural reinforcers.
Dopamine systems are compromised, and brain
stress systems such as CRF are activated to
reset further the salience of drugs and drug-related
stimuli in the context of an aversive
dysphoric state
9.
10. Common Underlying Neurobiological
Factors Can Be
Neurochemical (imbalance of
neurotransmitters)
Structural/anatomical (same
regions and pathways)
Genetic (inherited factors that
compromise function)
11. Drug Disorder
Cocaine and Methamphetamine Schizophrenia, paranoia,
anhedonia, compulsive
behavior
Stimulants Anxiety, panic attacks, mania
and sleep disorders
LSD, Ecstasy & psychedelics Delusions and hallucinations
Alcohol, sedatives, sleepaids
& narcotics
Depression and mood
disturbances
PCP & Ketamine Antisocial behavuor
12. DRUG USE
(Self-Medication)
What Role Does Stress Play
CRF
Anxiety
In Initiating Drug Use?
STRESS
CRF
Anxiety
13. Consequence: There is no “cure”…
To be successful, treatment is a Lifetime
Process
Science is helping to improve our
strategies and successes
15. The history is the chronological story of the
patient’s life from birth to present
Personal data:
Name, age, sex, marital status, religion,
address, occupation, education.
n.b.; source of referral could be mentioned
here if the patient won’t cooperate
16. Personal History:
Birth and developmental milestones, family
atmosphere, school performance and general
conduct in school, educational achievement,
occupational history, sexual and marital history.
Attempt to correlate social problems with
evolving drug problems. Enquire about impact
of drug use on lifestyle.
17. Family History:
Brief vignette of father, mother and other
siblings should include age, occupation
and relation with the client. History of
psychiatric problems or problems
resulting from alcohol, drugs or nicotine.
18. Drug History:
This section should attempt to give a clear picture of
initiation of drug use accounting for each specific
drug. The evolution of drug use with the
development of personal and social problems as a
consequences of drug use.
Type, quantity, and route of use of each individual
drug. Alcohol consumption should be checked as a
routine part of drug history taking.
19. Drug use in the past 24 hr.:
Detailed and sensitive questioning around this will not
only provide data about drug use and drug
dependence but should give a clear picture of the
client’s lifestyle and daily stresses and strains.
Drug use in the past month:
Should try to draw a picture of drug use over the past
4 weeks.
History of abstinence:
Number of trials , how , duration of each and reason
for relapse.
20. Legal History:
Charges, convictions, imprisonments and
violent incidents.
Sexual and Marital History:
Sexual behavior and marital relation and if
extramarital relationships. Relation of sexual
or marital problems to drug use.
Occupational History:
Relationships of jobs and relations to drug
use. Current employment status.
21. Present life situation:
Family and social support. Non drug use
friends, leisure activities and
occupational prospects, financial status
and accommodations.
22. Mental state examination:
On admission:
Describe relevant features. Positive and
negative findings regarding both physical
and mental condition of the client. Focus
on physical signs of drug withdrawal, liver
diseases signs and any neurological
dysfunctions. Sites of injections and any
infections.
23. Mental state should include level of
consciousness, alertness and orientation and as
well as level of cooperativeness. Ability to give
history will provide data about their intelligence,
cognitive state and level of insight into their
condition.
General state of dress and grooming as well as
evidence of agitation, calmness or detachment
from problem should be checked.
24. Pattern of sleep, appetite, energy level,
mood state and suicidal ideations giving
data about special and general
psychological state.
Any delusions or hallucinations should
be considered and relation to client
intoxication or withdrawal states
25. Follow up setting is meant for better
elaboration of the client’s condition and
allow building rapport for setting
management plan.
A thorough history is the substrate for a
considered opinion about the client. What is
the best for the client. History is cornerstone
in the substance abuse field.
26. Patient with treatment program:
Substance is being used.
Recent regular use.
Psychiatric status.
Medical condition.
Social network.
Legal aspects.
27. Goals of treatment:
A.Help the individual to be drug
free( detoxification).
B.Help to maintain drug free state (
relapse prevention)
C.Long term Rehabilitation.
29. Stimulation : Depression :
a. Anxiety .
b. Insomnia.
c. Twitches.
d. Convulsions.
e. Hyperthermia.
f. Tachycardia.
g. Irritability.
h. Excitement.
i. Tremors.
j. Hypertension.
k. Tachypnea
a. Apathy.
b. Retardation.
c. Inattentive.
d. Stupor.
e. Hypotension.
f. Bradypnea.
g. Ataxia.
h. Lethargy.
i. Drowsiness.
j. Confusion.
k. Hypothermia
l. Bradycardia &Coma.
30. Drugs of abuse that can be tested in urine:
Alcohol: 7-12 hrs.
Amphetamine : 48 hrs.
Barbiturate ; short: 24 hrs. , long acting:
3 wks.
Benzodiazepine: 3 days.
Cannabinoides : 3 days ---4 wks “ depending on
the use; chronic use leads to lengthening of
period”
Cocaine : 6- 8 hrs.
Codeine : 48 hrs.
Heroin : 36—72 hrs.
Methadone : 3 days.
Morphine : 48 – 72 hrs
31. The Neuropharmacology of Drugs of
Abuse
Psychoactive drugs alter normal neurochemical
processes . This can occur at any level of activity
including :
a. mimicking the action of a neurotransmitter .
b. altering the activity of a receptor .
c. acting on the activation of second messengers
d. directly affecting intracellular processes that control
normal neuron functioning.
32. Routes of administration:
It affects how quickly a drug reaches the
brain ,also ,chemical structure of a drug
plays an important role in the ability of a drug
to cross from the circulatory system into the
brain.
Four routes:
oral.
nasal.
Intravenous.
inhalation.
33. alcohol
Mild and moderate intoxication:
1.Impaired attention , poor motor coordination.
2.Dystharthria- ataxia , nystagmus, slurred
speech.
3.Prolonged reaction time, flushed face
orthostatic hypotension.
4.Hematemesis and stupor.
Pathological intoxication:
1.Excited , psychotic state following min.
consumption in susceptible individuals.
Intoxication associated with belligerence.
34. Uncomplicated Withdrawal:
Coarse tremors of hands, tongue, eyelids and
at least one of the following:
Nausea or vomiting.
Malaise or weakness.
Autonomic hyperactivity.
Anxiety, Depressed mood or irritability.
Transient hallucination or illusions.
Headache , insomnia.
Withdrawal complication:
Seizures.
Hallucination.
Delirium.
35. Management:
I. Avoid aspiration by placing patient’s face down or on one
side. Hospitalization is usually necessary.
II. Parenteral sedatives or physical restrains.
III. Low dose sedative ; Lorazepam 1-2 mg, physical
restrains or further sedation by Haloperidol IM 5 mg.
IV. Parenteral dose of Thiamine 100 mg.
V. Benzodiazepine tapering.
VI. Thiamine 50 mg PO.
VII. Multivitamin PO.
VIII.Folate 1 mg PO.
Over a week for uncomplicated withdrawal.
36. Opiate:
Patients rarely seek treatment for intoxication.
Overdose :
I. Respiratory and CNS depression.
II. Depression.
III.Gastric hypomotility with ileus.
IV. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Withdrawal:
I. Lacrimation, rhinorrhea.
II. Diaphoresis, yawing, sneezing.
III. Malaise, irritability, nausea and vomiting.
IV. Diarrhea, myalgia, arthralgia, bone ache.
37. Management of Opiate overdose:
I. Respiratory depression : air way support
II. Cardiopulmonary suppression: Naloxone
Hydrochloride 0.4 mg or 0.01 mg kg IV,
repeated dose of Naloxone infusion
0.4 mg hr. for 12 hrs. subsequent to the
initial boluses.
III. Pulmonary edema : Intubation and pressure
ventilation ;ICU admission.
IV. Gastric lavage or induced emesis followed
by activated Charcoal for orally ingested
overdose.