This document summarizes the types of machinery used in different sections of the apparel manufacturing industry. It discusses machinery used for fabric spreading, cutting, and sewing.
For fabric spreading, it describes manual, semi-automatic, and fully automatic spreading machines. Semi-automatic machines have advantages like auto ply cutting and tensioning devices, while fully automatic machines can identify fabric faults and splice fabrics automatically.
Cutting machinery includes manual scissors, semi-automatic straight knife, round knife, and band knife cutting machines, as well as die cutting and notching machines. Semi-automatic machines like straight knife cutters are versatile and high speed.
The document provides an overview of key machinery used at different stages of apparel
Fabric defects in woven and knitted fabric - hitesh choudharyHitesh Choudhary
This document provides information about various types of fabric defects, their causes, and methods for inspection and grading. It begins with definitions of a fabric defect and examples of common defects seen in woven, knitted, terry, and velvet fabrics. Specific defects are then described in more detail such as knots, holes, missing threads, oil stains, and more. Grading systems for inspecting and assigning penalty points to defects are also outlined, including the 4-point and 10-point systems. The document aims to help identify, mend, and minimize fabric defects.
The document discusses different types of fabric packaging and spreading methods. It describes 5 types of piece goods packaging: 1) open face rolled, 2) tubular knitted fabric rolled, 3) folded fabric rolled, 4) folded fabrics, and 5) velvet-hanging. It also discusses various methods of fabric spreading including manual, semi-automatic, and fully automated spreading. Key aspects of spreading like fabric lays, splicing, and types of spreading tables including pin tables, air floatation tables, turntable tables, and vacuum tables are summarized. Quality requirements for defect-free spreading such as ply alignment, tension, and elimination of static electricity are also covered.
This document defines and describes various types of defects that can occur in woven, terry, velvet, and knitted fabrics. It lists specific defects such as slubs, knots, holes, and broken patterns. For each defect type, it discusses the potential causes and methods for mending or correcting the defects. The main types of defects covered are fabric construction errors, foreign particles, oil or other stains, and distortions in the fabric structure. Maintaining quality at each stage of production is important to avoid defects that can lower the price and reputation of fabrics.
This presentation was made to have an elaborate sense of fabric spreading. Different types of fabric spreading and the pros and cons of different fabric spreading is illustrated into the presentation.
This document discusses fusing, which is the process of bonding two fabrics together using heat and pressure. It describes how thermoplastic resins applied to a base fabric are activated by heat in a press, allowing the resin to flow and bond the fabrics. The document outlines different base materials, resins, coating methods, and fusing equipment. It also discusses techniques like single, reverse, sandwich and double fusing. Potential problems with fusible interlinings are noted. Popular brands of fusing machines and materials are listed.
The document discusses various aspects of fabric spreading including types of spreads, spreading methods, quality considerations, and equipment used. It describes manual spreading using two people versus semi-automatic spreading carriages. Automatic spreaders can load fabric rolls, control tension, and cut fabric ends automatically. Quality depends on defects, tension, flatness, ply alignment, and static electricity. Setup involves preparing orders, tables, and machines. Spreading surfaces include pin tables, vacuum tables, and air flotation tables. Control devices manage tension while positioning devices monitor alignment. End treatment devices catch or cut fabric at the ends.
Fabric defects in woven and knitted fabric - hitesh choudharyHitesh Choudhary
This document provides information about various types of fabric defects, their causes, and methods for inspection and grading. It begins with definitions of a fabric defect and examples of common defects seen in woven, knitted, terry, and velvet fabrics. Specific defects are then described in more detail such as knots, holes, missing threads, oil stains, and more. Grading systems for inspecting and assigning penalty points to defects are also outlined, including the 4-point and 10-point systems. The document aims to help identify, mend, and minimize fabric defects.
The document discusses different types of fabric packaging and spreading methods. It describes 5 types of piece goods packaging: 1) open face rolled, 2) tubular knitted fabric rolled, 3) folded fabric rolled, 4) folded fabrics, and 5) velvet-hanging. It also discusses various methods of fabric spreading including manual, semi-automatic, and fully automated spreading. Key aspects of spreading like fabric lays, splicing, and types of spreading tables including pin tables, air floatation tables, turntable tables, and vacuum tables are summarized. Quality requirements for defect-free spreading such as ply alignment, tension, and elimination of static electricity are also covered.
This document defines and describes various types of defects that can occur in woven, terry, velvet, and knitted fabrics. It lists specific defects such as slubs, knots, holes, and broken patterns. For each defect type, it discusses the potential causes and methods for mending or correcting the defects. The main types of defects covered are fabric construction errors, foreign particles, oil or other stains, and distortions in the fabric structure. Maintaining quality at each stage of production is important to avoid defects that can lower the price and reputation of fabrics.
This presentation was made to have an elaborate sense of fabric spreading. Different types of fabric spreading and the pros and cons of different fabric spreading is illustrated into the presentation.
This document discusses fusing, which is the process of bonding two fabrics together using heat and pressure. It describes how thermoplastic resins applied to a base fabric are activated by heat in a press, allowing the resin to flow and bond the fabrics. The document outlines different base materials, resins, coating methods, and fusing equipment. It also discusses techniques like single, reverse, sandwich and double fusing. Potential problems with fusible interlinings are noted. Popular brands of fusing machines and materials are listed.
The document discusses various aspects of fabric spreading including types of spreads, spreading methods, quality considerations, and equipment used. It describes manual spreading using two people versus semi-automatic spreading carriages. Automatic spreaders can load fabric rolls, control tension, and cut fabric ends automatically. Quality depends on defects, tension, flatness, ply alignment, and static electricity. Setup involves preparing orders, tables, and machines. Spreading surfaces include pin tables, vacuum tables, and air flotation tables. Control devices manage tension while positioning devices monitor alignment. End treatment devices catch or cut fabric at the ends.
Warp knitting is a method of knitting where loops are formed vertically along the length of fabric from warp yarns. There are several types of warp knitting including tricot, raschel, and milanese knits. Tricot knits use compound needles and are used for fabrics like lingerie, loungewear, and uniforms. Raschel knits use latch needles and heavier yarns, producing more textured fabrics for applications like carpets, home textiles, and outerwear. Milanese knits form diagonal patterns and are often made from filament yarns into lightweight fabrics.
This document provides an overview of various fabric cutting methods used in the garment industry. It begins with an introduction to the purpose of fabric cutting and requirements for cutting. It then describes several cutting methods including manual (hand scissors, power knives), computerized (computer-controlled knife cutting, laser beam cutting, water jet cutting, plasma torch cutting), and their advantages and disadvantages. Popular garment cutting machine manufacturers are listed at the end.
This document provides information about different types of stitches used in textiles. It begins with an introduction by Mazadul Hasan sheshir and then discusses 6 classes of stitches. Each class is summarized as follows:
Class 100 is a single thread chain stitch used for temporary stitching. Class 200 is a hand stitch used for costly garments. Class 300 is a lock stitch that is widely used and has high security. Class 400 is a multi-thread chain stitch used for knitted garments. Class 500 is an overlock stitch used to prevent fraying. Class 600 is a covering chain stitch used for decorative purposes and attaching elastic.
The document then provides more details on the subclasses and uses of each
1. The document discusses different types of knitted fabrics and their properties. It describes the processes of weaving, knitting, and fully fashioning.
2. Key knitted structures discussed include plain/single jersey, rib, and double jersey. Their properties like appearance, edge curling, dimensional stability, and end uses are compared.
3. The full production process of fully fashioned knitwear from yarn receipt to final packaging is outlined. Common yarns, stitches, and designs used in knitwear are also listed.
Garment manufacturing process: from fabric to finished apparel productsPrasanta Sarkar
This ebook includes all the steps followed in the process of garment manufacturing - stages from making fabrics from fiber to getting garment sampling to garment production in garment factories. A resource for newcomers to get a summary of the apparel prduction process.
This document provides an overview of textile finishing processes. It defines textile finishing as treatments applied to fibers, yarns, or fabrics to impart desired functional properties. These finishes are broadly classified into mechanical, chemical, and enzyme finishes. The document then describes various mechanical processes like calendaring and chemical processes like flame retardant treatments. It also discusses enzyme finishing and some specific thread finishing techniques.
This document provides contact information for Mazadul Hasan sheshir, a student in the 13th batch of the Wet Processing Technology program at Southeast University in Bangladesh. It lists his student ID, email address, and the department and address for Southeast University's Department of Textile Engineering.
The document discusses the dyeing process for knitted fabrics. It describes how knitted fabrics are commonly dyed using winch dyeing machines or jet dyeing machines in an exhaust method. It also discusses space dyeing of knitted fabrics to produce patterns. Key factors that affect the dyeing process are the dyeing temperature and common dyeing faults like cracks or creases that can occur. The document provides remedies for common dyeing faults encountered in knit dyeing.
Garment washing is a process used to modify the appearance, comfort, and fashion of garments. There are various types of washes that produce different effects on fabrics, such as vintage, cloud, and acid washes. The type of wash depends on the product - for example, denim requires heavy enzyme washes while knit tees may only need a light softener wash. Common garment washing steps include a desizing process, washing with chemicals like detergent and enzymes, rinsing, drying, and quality checking. Washing introduces effects like fading and increases garment softness and comfort for customers.
cutting department of apparel industry.
types of cutting machineries. methods of cutting , spreading types of spreading, methods of spreading, marker production types of markers, marker making, bundling, fusing department, machines used for fusing, types of fusing materials, #apparel industry #cuttingdepartment
This document is a tech pack for a shirt dress. It provides extensive details needed for manufacturing the garment, including style specs, fabric details, construction details, measurements, placement of labels and packaging. It contains sketches, specifications for each step of construction from cutting to finishing. The tech pack aims to give manufacturers a detailed guide to construct prototypes, samples or bulk production of the shirt dress according to the designer's specifications. It covers areas like season, size range, competing brands, fabric content, machine types, and quality checks.
Best wash look is the best touch of a garment - Garment washing is the best touch of a garment. Same type of garments can produce several effects for several wash.Apparel finishing can change your garments.
The document provides information about circular knitting machines. It defines knitting as transforming yarn into interlocking loops. Circular knitting creates seamless tubes using circular needles or machines. Machine parts include the frame, power supply, yarn feeding system, and quality control components. Circular knitting machines are used to produce fabrics for various garments and other materials. Modern machines feature computer controls to monitor functions like speed and stops.
The document discusses cutting in the garments industry. It covers the cutting process, requirements for accurate cutting, different cutting methods including manual and computerized, and various cutting machines used such as straight knife cutters, round knife cutters, and band knife cutters. It also discusses quality control processes for the cutting section to ensure accurate cutting of garment pieces.
This document discusses various types of knitted fabrics. It begins by explaining that knitting involves interlocking loops of yarn or thread to form cloth or crafts. There are two main types of knitting: weft knitting uses horizontal yarn fed into needles, while warp knitting uses vertical yarn loops. Specific weft knits discussed include single jersey, purl, rib, and interlock stitches. Warp knits highlighted are tricot, raschel, and milanese. The document also briefly touches on technical textiles, seamless technology, float plating technology, 3D fabrics, and knitting machines used.
This document provides information about MD Monjurul Alam, a textile design student. It discusses the basic processes of textile designing, including making sketches and using computer-aided design software. Finally, it lists and briefly describes various CAD software used for developing different types of textile designs and weaves, and how CAD is used in the textile design process.
The document summarizes the process of denim manufacturing. It involves several steps: ball warping, rope dyeing, slasher dyeing, re-beaming, sizing, weaving, and finishing. Rope dyeing involves continuously feeding ball warps into a dye range for application of indigo dye. Slasher dyeing is an alternative to rope dyeing. Re-beaming separates ropes of yarn and keeps them parallel. Sizing increases strength and abrasion resistance. Weaving interlaces warp and weft yarns. Finishing includes singeing, skewing, pre-drying, and shrinking. The document also discusses the use of spandex in denim for stretch and
Warp knitting is a method of knitting where loops are formed vertically along the length of fabric from warp yarns. There are several types of warp knitting including tricot, raschel, and milanese knits. Tricot knits use compound needles and are used for fabrics like lingerie, loungewear, and uniforms. Raschel knits use latch needles and heavier yarns, producing more textured fabrics for applications like carpets, home textiles, and outerwear. Milanese knits form diagonal patterns and are often made from filament yarns into lightweight fabrics.
This document provides an overview of various fabric cutting methods used in the garment industry. It begins with an introduction to the purpose of fabric cutting and requirements for cutting. It then describes several cutting methods including manual (hand scissors, power knives), computerized (computer-controlled knife cutting, laser beam cutting, water jet cutting, plasma torch cutting), and their advantages and disadvantages. Popular garment cutting machine manufacturers are listed at the end.
This document provides information about different types of stitches used in textiles. It begins with an introduction by Mazadul Hasan sheshir and then discusses 6 classes of stitches. Each class is summarized as follows:
Class 100 is a single thread chain stitch used for temporary stitching. Class 200 is a hand stitch used for costly garments. Class 300 is a lock stitch that is widely used and has high security. Class 400 is a multi-thread chain stitch used for knitted garments. Class 500 is an overlock stitch used to prevent fraying. Class 600 is a covering chain stitch used for decorative purposes and attaching elastic.
The document then provides more details on the subclasses and uses of each
1. The document discusses different types of knitted fabrics and their properties. It describes the processes of weaving, knitting, and fully fashioning.
2. Key knitted structures discussed include plain/single jersey, rib, and double jersey. Their properties like appearance, edge curling, dimensional stability, and end uses are compared.
3. The full production process of fully fashioned knitwear from yarn receipt to final packaging is outlined. Common yarns, stitches, and designs used in knitwear are also listed.
Garment manufacturing process: from fabric to finished apparel productsPrasanta Sarkar
This ebook includes all the steps followed in the process of garment manufacturing - stages from making fabrics from fiber to getting garment sampling to garment production in garment factories. A resource for newcomers to get a summary of the apparel prduction process.
This document provides an overview of textile finishing processes. It defines textile finishing as treatments applied to fibers, yarns, or fabrics to impart desired functional properties. These finishes are broadly classified into mechanical, chemical, and enzyme finishes. The document then describes various mechanical processes like calendaring and chemical processes like flame retardant treatments. It also discusses enzyme finishing and some specific thread finishing techniques.
This document provides contact information for Mazadul Hasan sheshir, a student in the 13th batch of the Wet Processing Technology program at Southeast University in Bangladesh. It lists his student ID, email address, and the department and address for Southeast University's Department of Textile Engineering.
The document discusses the dyeing process for knitted fabrics. It describes how knitted fabrics are commonly dyed using winch dyeing machines or jet dyeing machines in an exhaust method. It also discusses space dyeing of knitted fabrics to produce patterns. Key factors that affect the dyeing process are the dyeing temperature and common dyeing faults like cracks or creases that can occur. The document provides remedies for common dyeing faults encountered in knit dyeing.
Garment washing is a process used to modify the appearance, comfort, and fashion of garments. There are various types of washes that produce different effects on fabrics, such as vintage, cloud, and acid washes. The type of wash depends on the product - for example, denim requires heavy enzyme washes while knit tees may only need a light softener wash. Common garment washing steps include a desizing process, washing with chemicals like detergent and enzymes, rinsing, drying, and quality checking. Washing introduces effects like fading and increases garment softness and comfort for customers.
cutting department of apparel industry.
types of cutting machineries. methods of cutting , spreading types of spreading, methods of spreading, marker production types of markers, marker making, bundling, fusing department, machines used for fusing, types of fusing materials, #apparel industry #cuttingdepartment
This document is a tech pack for a shirt dress. It provides extensive details needed for manufacturing the garment, including style specs, fabric details, construction details, measurements, placement of labels and packaging. It contains sketches, specifications for each step of construction from cutting to finishing. The tech pack aims to give manufacturers a detailed guide to construct prototypes, samples or bulk production of the shirt dress according to the designer's specifications. It covers areas like season, size range, competing brands, fabric content, machine types, and quality checks.
Best wash look is the best touch of a garment - Garment washing is the best touch of a garment. Same type of garments can produce several effects for several wash.Apparel finishing can change your garments.
The document provides information about circular knitting machines. It defines knitting as transforming yarn into interlocking loops. Circular knitting creates seamless tubes using circular needles or machines. Machine parts include the frame, power supply, yarn feeding system, and quality control components. Circular knitting machines are used to produce fabrics for various garments and other materials. Modern machines feature computer controls to monitor functions like speed and stops.
The document discusses cutting in the garments industry. It covers the cutting process, requirements for accurate cutting, different cutting methods including manual and computerized, and various cutting machines used such as straight knife cutters, round knife cutters, and band knife cutters. It also discusses quality control processes for the cutting section to ensure accurate cutting of garment pieces.
This document discusses various types of knitted fabrics. It begins by explaining that knitting involves interlocking loops of yarn or thread to form cloth or crafts. There are two main types of knitting: weft knitting uses horizontal yarn fed into needles, while warp knitting uses vertical yarn loops. Specific weft knits discussed include single jersey, purl, rib, and interlock stitches. Warp knits highlighted are tricot, raschel, and milanese. The document also briefly touches on technical textiles, seamless technology, float plating technology, 3D fabrics, and knitting machines used.
This document provides information about MD Monjurul Alam, a textile design student. It discusses the basic processes of textile designing, including making sketches and using computer-aided design software. Finally, it lists and briefly describes various CAD software used for developing different types of textile designs and weaves, and how CAD is used in the textile design process.
The document summarizes the process of denim manufacturing. It involves several steps: ball warping, rope dyeing, slasher dyeing, re-beaming, sizing, weaving, and finishing. Rope dyeing involves continuously feeding ball warps into a dye range for application of indigo dye. Slasher dyeing is an alternative to rope dyeing. Re-beaming separates ropes of yarn and keeps them parallel. Sizing increases strength and abrasion resistance. Weaving interlaces warp and weft yarns. Finishing includes singeing, skewing, pre-drying, and shrinking. The document also discusses the use of spandex in denim for stretch and
This document provides information about sewing machines and their types. It discusses the history and evolution of the sewing machine from its early invention to modern computerized machines. The main types of sewing machines covered are mechanical, electronic, and computerized. Key differences between domestic and industrial sewing machines are outlined. Specific parts of the sewing machine are defined along with common attachments. The document concludes with providing tasks for students to label parts of a sewing machine and create fabric samples using different stitch types.
The document discusses different types of fabric cutting machines used in the garments industry. It begins by defining fabric cutting as accurately separating fabric parts from a spread according to a pattern's dimensions. There are three main types of cutting machines: manual (using scissors), semi-automatic (like straight knife cutters), and fully automatic (laser cutters, water jet, plasma torch). The key requirements for cutting are precision, clean edges, supported fabric, and minimized waste. Semi-automatic machines like straight knife cutters are versatile and affordable but pose risks, while automatic machines provide fast, consistent cutting but are more expensive. Overall cutting machines are important for efficient, accurate production in the apparel industry.
Study on differents types of sewing machinePacific Cotton
The document provides specifications for various sewing machine models, including single and double needle lockstitch machines, three and four thread overlock machines, eyelet and buttonhole stitch machines, and multi-needle chainstitch machines. It lists the brand, key specifications, and photos for each machine type. The machines described range from domestic to industrial models and are used for various sewing tasks like finishing edges, attaching elastic, and creating buttonholes.
This document provides information about different types of sewing machines. It begins by explaining the basic functioning of all sewing machines and then lists and describes 14 specific types of machines including plain/regular, overlock, chain stitch, feed arm, flatlock/interlock, Kansai special, buttonhole, button attaching, eyelet hole, bartack, snap attaching, blind stitch, basting, and zigzag machines. It also includes images of some of the machines and ends by listing brand names of popular sewing machines.
This document provides information about different types of sewing machines. It begins by explaining the basic functioning of all sewing machines and then lists and describes 14 specific types of machines including plain/regular, overlock, chain stitch, feed arm, flatlock/interlock, Kansai special, buttonhole, button attaching, eyelet hole, bartack, snap attaching, blind stitch, basting, and zigzag machines. It also includes images of some of the machines and ends by listing brand names of popular sewing machines.
This document provides information about various textile manufacturing processes at Auro Textile. It discusses the inspection and lot making of greige fabric, the stitching section where smaller lots are combined, and preparatory processes like singeing and washing on machines like the Swastic and Perble range. The document contains detailed descriptions of the components and workings of the Swastic greige washing machine and Osthoff and Perble range singeing machines.
study on garments pattern , marker, spreading and cuttingApp 3204Rashedul Islam
The document discusses various tools, processes, and techniques involved in pattern making and garment manufacturing. It describes the basic tools used in pattern cutting like rulers, pins, and scissors. It also explains the key steps in marker making, fabric spreading, and cutting, including receiving patterns, tracing markers, aligning sizes, and minimizing waste. Proper fabric spreading requires maintaining uniform tension, accurate splicing, and correcting fabric ply direction. The document provides an overview of the essential elements and standard procedures in pattern making and garment production.
This document discusses fabric spreading, which involves smoothly laying out fabric layers according to a cutting marker. There are two main types of spreading: flat and stepped. Fabric can be spread manually by hand or hook, mechanically using a spreading truck operated by hand, or using semi-automatic or fully automatic spreading machines. Proper fabric spreading requires aligning the fabric layers, applying the correct tension, laying the fabric flat, eliminating flaws, ensuring correct layer direction and stability, eliminating static electricity, and allowing easy separation and avoidance of distortion after cutting.
This document describes an automatic t-shirt folding machine designed to reduce the time and effort required for folding laundry. The machine uses motors to fold t-shirts placed on a tray within 2 seconds, much faster than the average time of 8 seconds it takes a person to fold one shirt. Testing showed the machine could fold 1,000 shirts in just over 2 hours, half the time it would take a person. The machine is proposed to help industries like laundries and manufacturers by folding clothes more efficiently than manual labor alone.
This document provides information about basic sewing machines used in the garments industry. It begins by defining a sewing machine as a machine that stitches fabric and other materials together using thread. It then discusses the basic features of sewing machines, including their speed, electronic controls, and programmable sewing sequences. The document outlines the two main types of sewing machines - manually operated and electrically operated industrial machines. It proceeds to describe several specific types of sewing machines, their key specifications, and common uses. Finally, it concludes with tips for properly maintaining sewing machines.
Efficiency losses calculation and identify causes of losses of circular knitt...Elias Khalil (ইলিয়াস খলিল)
This thesis deals with a major problem of production loss of a knitting industry. The knitting machine has to stop when defects occurred and then faults are corrected, which results in time loss and efficiency loss. Not only that the knitted fabric may be rejected if quality requirements are not met. An effective monitoring is required to avoid defects and to avoid productivity and quality losses. The study identifies two main categories of defects (average time required for correcting defects and machine down time) are responsible for reducing productivity. The thesis reflects that due to yarn breakage machine stopped for seen minutes per days, for maintaining machine stopped for two hours per month, for needle breakage six minutes per day and for technical problem machine stopped for several times.
This document discusses the application of robotics in the textiles industry in India. It notes that India is a major global producer and exporter of textiles. It then discusses how robots are currently used in various parts of the textiles production process, such as moving bales of cotton, yarn splicing, automatic cone changing, folding and packing garments. The benefits of robotics include increased productivity, quality, efficiency and safety. However, robots also present some threats to employment. Overall, robotics technologies are still developing for textile applications like stitching but will likely expand as economics make further automation feasible.
This document discusses fabric spreading, which involves laying multiple plies of fabric on top of each other in preparation for cutting. There are two types of spreads - flat spreads with all plies the same length, and stepped spreads built up in steps. Fabric spreading requires aligning plies in length and width, eliminating defects, ensuring correct ply direction, uniform tension, and avoiding distortion during cutting. Automatic spreading machines can fulfill these requirements through features like automatic loading/unloading, tensioning devices, and programmable lay lengths. Proper fabric spreading is important for alignment, tension, avoiding folds or crinkles, eliminating faults, correct ply direction, and matching checks and stripes.
The document discusses different types of sewing machines and their parts. It identifies several types of sewing machines including lockstitch, hi-speed lockstitch, over-edging, embroidery, buttonholer, button attachment, double needle, and bartacking machines. It also describes the major parts of lockstitch sewing machines, which have upper parts in the arm including the spool pin, thread guide, thread take-up lever, upper tension, needle bar, and needle clamp, and lower parts under the bed including the feed dog, shuttle, bobbin, and bobbin case. The document provides details on the advantages and disadvantages of manual sewing machines compared to electric machines.
The fashion industry has undergone a remarkable transformation over the years, with advancements in technology playing a significant role. One area that has seen significant progress is tailoring machinery.
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Our company VINITEX Engineering is one of the distinguished organizations that is engaged in the manufacturing and export of wide range of high precision equipments and machines like Warp Tying Machines, Textile Machinery Spare Parts etc. that are used in different Textile industrial units. The Company VINITEX Engineering Manufactures these machines and sells them globally.
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Thesis Presentation | Minimization of Sewing Defects through Implementation o...Md Rakibul Hassan
Presentation on Thesis Report. Minimization of Sewing Defects through Implementation of PDCA in Garments Industry of Bangladesh - A case study “Standard Group” . Green University of Bangladesh
Thesis Report | Minimization of Sewing Defects through Implementation of PDCA...Md Rakibul Hassan
Minimization of Sewing Defects through Implementation of PDCA in Garments Industry of Bangladesh - A case study “Standard Group”
Thesis Report Green University of Bangladesh. Thesis Report Sample. Thesis Report BSc in Textile Engineering.
Internship Report | Industrial Attachment | Internship Report at Standard Gro...Md Rakibul Hassan
The document describes Md. Rakibul Hassan's internship report submitted to Green University of Bangladesh on his 3-month internship at Standard Group's woven garment manufacturing unit, where he learned about the various departments like human resources, administration, merchandising, cutting, sewing, washing, and finishing. The report includes information on the company profile, recruitment process, roles of different departments, factory operations, and Hassan's conclusions and lessons learned from the internship experience.
Presentation on Industrial Internship | Internship Presentation BSc in Textil...Md Rakibul Hassan
Internship Presentation at STANDARD GROUP. Industrial Internship at Standard Group. Green University of Bangladesh. Internee Presentation on Internee / Project Work. Internee Presentation | Internship Presentation | Internship Presentation BSc in Textile
Presentation on Internship Department of Textile Engineering Green University of Bangladesh.
By
Md Rakibul Hassan
Green University of Bangladesh
Email: therealrakib@gmail.com
Social: www.facebook.com/rakibpwf | www.linkedin.com/in/mdrakibulhassan/
Study on Acid washing Process of Garments | Acid washing Process of GarmentsMd Rakibul Hassan
1. The document describes an experiment on the acid washing process of garments conducted by a student named Md Rakibul Hassan.
2. The process involves loading garments into a machine, de-sizing, extracting, drying, soaking pumic stones, treating with damp stones, neutralizing, softening, and final extracting and drying.
3. The goal is to create irregular fading effects on garments through the abrasive action of pumic stones in acid solutions to give a vintage look and meet buyer standards for washing.
Study on qualitative analysis of textile fibres by microscopic viewingMd Rakibul Hassan
1. The document describes an experiment to qualitatively analyze textile fibers using microscopic viewing. It discusses various fiber identification methods like microscopic analysis, solubility tests, burning characteristics, and staining reactions.
2. Details are provided on the microscopic appearance of different natural (cotton, linen, hemp, jute, ramie, wool, silk) and man-made (viscose rayon, cellulose acetate, acrylic, polyester, nylon) fibers under both longitudinal and cross-sectional views.
3. The student concludes that the experiment helped them learn about qualitatively analyzing textile fibers microscopically, which will be useful in their future.
Solubility and chemical test of fibres | Study on solubility and chemical tes...Md Rakibul Hassan
This lab report describes experiments conducted to study the solubility and chemical testing of fibers. Microscopic testing allows reliable fiber identification by examining the fibers' cross-sectional and longitudinal views. The burning test observes each fiber's behavior when ignited, such as smell, residue, or how it approaches the flame. Solubility testing involves placing fibers in solvents at certain temperatures; each fiber will dissolve or not dissolve depending on the solvent, allowing identification. Common fibers can be identified through their solubility in particular chemicals, such as cotton dissolving in sulfuric acid or nylon dissolving in hydrochloric acid. The knowledge of fiber identification is important for properly labeling and caring for textile products.
Study on Identification of Fibres by Burning Test | Burning Test of FibreMd Rakibul Hassan
This lab report summarizes an experiment on identifying fibers through burning tests. Key findings include:
1. Different fibers burn with distinct characteristics - cotton burns steadily like leaves, linen is brittle, silk smells like burning hair, wool is difficult to ignite.
2. Synthetic fibers like acetate, acrylic, nylon and polyester melt and burn at the same time, leaving hard ashes with distinctive smells.
3. Rayon burns rapidly like burning leaves. Limitations are that some fibers have similar reactions, requiring caution in identification.
The document summarizes the seven basic quality control tools: flow chart, histogram, checklist, cause and effect diagram, Pareto chart, scatter diagram, and control chart. It provides details on each tool, including their purpose, use, and how they help improve garment quality. The flow chart maps workflow steps, histogram shows data distribution through bars, checklist collects quantitative and qualitative data, cause and effect diagram identifies factors leading to problems, Pareto chart highlights most common issues, scatter diagram shows relationships between variables, and control chart determines if processes are in control. The document was submitted as a lab report by a student to study these seven quality control tools.
Study on different types of Seam & Stitch | Study on different types of Seams...Md Rakibul Hassan
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses let-off motion in weaving, which controls the tension of the warp yarn by feeding it at a controlled rate. It describes negative let-off, where the warp is pulled against friction, and positive let-off, where the warp beam is rotated to maintain tension. Negative let-off uses weights on a lever system to adjust as the beam radius decreases and maintain a constant tension. Positive let-off systems use a floating backrest and pulley system to sense tension and adjust the feed rate accordingly.
The document discusses different types of looms and their weft insertion mechanisms, including projectile looms, rapier looms, air jet looms, and multiphase looms. It describes the torsion bar picking mechanism of projectile looms and covers topics like weft insertion, selvedges, classifications of double rapier looms, air treatment systems for air jet looms, and calculations for fabric and yarn production.
Knitting Technology | Study On Knitting Technology | Sweater/ V-bed Flat Knit...Md Rakibul Hassan
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Study on Machines Used in Apparel Industry
1. GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH
Department Of Textile
ASSIGNMENT
Remarks:
Course Code : TE 206
Course Title : Apparel Manufacturing I
Submitted By:
Name : Md Rakibul Hassan
ID : 183014057
Section : E1
Department : Textile
Date Of Submission : 17 September 2020
Assignment Topic : Machineries Used In Apparel Industry
Submitted to:
Name : Mr. Md Ashraful Alam
Designation : Lecturer
Department : Textile
2. Assignment On Machineries Used In Apparel Industry
Introduction:
Machine plays very important role in every industry. Apparel industry also is not separate from this.
Since last fifteen years there is big boom in industry for Automation and ultra modern, self sufficient
Garment Factories. Machines are the heart of apparel industry. Without machine we can not even
think of an industry. Because if we don’t have any we can not be able to make any kinds of apparel
or items.
From the beginning of civilization, we people use machine for our daily needs. And in apparel
industry machine is the main thing, because an iteam, an apparel is made by using this machine. We
need machine from the first process of an apparel making to the last process.
Machineries Used In Apparel Industry:
Today we will discuss about the machineries which we use in apparel industry. Machines are used in
every section of apparel manufacturing. We will discuss about the four major sections in where
machines are used. They are-
1. Fabric Spreading Section
2. Cutting Section
3. Sewing Section
4. Finishing Section
1. Machine Used In Fabric Spreading Section:
Fabric spreading means the smooth laying out of the fabric in superimposed layers (plies) of specified
length. Knitted or woven fabrics are laid in one ply (single ply) or in several plies (multi lays) for
simultaneous cutting in one operation. Fabrics are usually laid up manually. Spreading is the process
of unwinding large rolls of fabric onto long, wide tables in preparation for cutting each piece of
garment.
Generally, the spreading process can be done manually or by computer controlled machines. One or
two person, based on the fabric type and width of fabric, type of spreading machine and size of spread,
can be involved in the spreading process. In case of the manual spreading process, two persons are
normally required except when the spread is too short. One person on each side of the spreading table
could work during spreading to keep the fabric flat, smooth and tension-free. With the automatic
spreading process, the equipment itself controls the fabric tension, fabric placement and rate of travel.
Machines Used in Spreading Section:
Different types of machines and equipments used in spreading section. Basically they can be
classified in three categories-
(a) Manual Spreading Machine
(b) Semi-automatic Spreading Machine
(c) Fully Automatic Machine
(a) Manual Spreading Machine:
Manual fabric spreading machine is a machine which needs two operators to spread fabric in
the spreading table. This machine has two parts, one is spreading table and another is some
rollers & a cutter.
Two operators stand in two sides of the machine. Fabric are kept upside of the machine by
rollers. Two operators pull the fabric and spread it on the table.
3. Fig: Manual Spreading Machine
Advantage of Manual Spreading Machine:
In manual spreading machine there are some advantage that’s why manual spreading machune is so
popular
1. Can be used for low quantity
2. The capital cost is less
3. While spreading strips and checked, the lines can be matched
4. Requires less space
Disadvantage of Manual Spreading Machine:
1. Low productivity
2. Spreading speed depends on the operators
3. Spreading is not so perfect in this machine.
(b) Semi-Automatic Spreading Machine:
Semi automatic machine is working almost similar to Hand process with spreading track process
because this methods working technique and working prouder are same but this process are working
by electric motor.
Fig: Semi-automatic Spreading Machine
The machine is run on the rails which are placed at two side of the fabric spreading table surface and
operated by motor. Here, fabric roll is set in a predetermined place of the spread machine and machine
is run from one side to the other side of table by using mechanical and electrical motion to make lay.
Advantage of Semi-Automatic Spreading Machine:
Various advantages of semi-automatic fabric spread machine has mentioned in the below:
1. The maximum fabric width which can be handled is normally 2m although extra wide
machines are capable of handling up to 3m.
2. Auto ply cutting device here.
3. Auto plies counting arrangements.
4. 4. Auto catcher to hold the ends of the ply.
5. Auto fabric tensioning device.
6. Auto fabric leveling device,
7. Photo electric guide for selvedge alignment.
8. Fabric fault detector.
9. A platform is provided on which operator stands.
10. Maximum weight of the fabric roll can be 80kg to 675kg.
11. Maximum height of spread is 25cm.
12. Maximum spread speed 100m/min.
13. It has also rolled turning arrangement.
14. Auto loading and unloading device.
Disadvantage of Semi-Automatic Spreading Method:
Different disadvantages of semi-automatic fabric spread method have pointed out in the following:
1. More time is required here.
2. It has needed higher labor cost.
3. It cannot be possible to make desired fabric spread technique by using this method.
4. There is no sensor in the spread head.
5. All kinds of fabric cannot be spread here.
(c) Fully Automatic Machine:
Fully automatic fabric spreading machine is the upgrade version of semi-automatic spreading
machine. It has great importance in apparel manufacturing sector. This type of fabric spreading
machine is the improvement of semi-automatic spreading machine. There are a lot of advantages of
this machine to make fabric lay. Because, this spreading machine is operated by controlling with the
help of micro processor and robot.
Fig: Fully Automatic Spreading Machine
Advantages of Fully Automatic Fabric Spreading Machine:
Various advantages of this type of fabric spreading have mentioned in the below:
1. Here, m/c can be set before the expected amount of plies spreading.
2. After completing, fabric spreading will stop automatically and give a signal.
3. By using robotic system, it will automatically come to the end of table and set another roll in
the spreading head when spreading of each roll is finished.
4. It is automatically spliced and starts new fabric spreading where the last fabric roll has
finished.
5. There is a spreading head, so that any types of fault are identified by using this sensor and
also the spreading head is stopped and the defective fabric is cut by itself.
6. Any kinds of fabric can be spread by using this machine and any kinds of lay can be made.
7. Less time is needed here for fabric spreading.
8. Also it needs less labor cost.
5. Disadvantage of Fully Automatic Fabrics Spreading Machine:
Different disadvantages of this type of fabric spreading have pointed out in the following:
1. It is very expensive, so that capital investment is high.
2. Skillful operator is needed to operate this types of machine.
Almost this kinds of machines are used in spreading section for Apparel manufacturing in every
industry. Now we will discuss about the machines which are used in Cutting section.
2. Machine Used In Cutting Section:
Many types of machines are used in cutting section. From many years hand operated scissor is used
for cutting fabric. But after industrialization hand scissors are not appropriate for bulk layer cutting.
Then started semi automatic fabric cutting machine. For increasing productivity in cutting room
computerized fully automatic cutting machine have to use.
According to the working process, the cutting machine may be classified in three categories. Such
as-
1. Manual Cutting Machine
2. Semi- Automatic Cutting Machine
3. Fully Automatic / Computerized Cutting Machine
1. Manual Cutting Machine:
Actually, there is no manual machines for cutting fabric. But, in manual method we use scissor
for cutting fabric. The only tool is used for cutting fabric by manually is Hand Operated
Scissor.
Fig: Hand Operated Scissor
By using this scissor an operator cut fabric. This is an old tool for fabric cutting. And it takes
more time for fabric cutting. In industry there is low use of scissor for fabric cutting.
2. Semi-Automatic Cutting Machine:
There are so many semi-automatic cutting machines. Some of them are mentioned bellow-
(a) Straight knife of Cutting Machine.
(b) Round Knife Cutting Machine.
(c) Band Knife Cutting Machine.
(d) Die Cutting Machine.
(e) Notcher Machine.
(f) Drill Machine.
(a) Straight Knife Cutting Machine:
Straight knife cutting machine is the most popular and versatile cutting machine. It is widely used in
clothing industry. Because it’s production speed is very high. Higher lay of height can be cut very
6. easily. Besides, knife is comparatively cheap and can be transferred from one place to another easily.
Fig: Straight Knife of Cutting Machine
(b) Round Knife Cutting Machine:
Round knife cutting machine is called because it’s cutter is round in shape. It is also popular cutting
machine. This machine is small in size, flexible & used for small production. Round knife is widely
used for cutting the big parts of the garments pattern.
Fig: Round Knife Cutting Machine
(c) Band Knife Machine:
Band knife cutting machine is look like a wood cutter machine. This cutting machine works
automatically according to the height of the relevant material. Band knife cutting machines have been
recognized around the world for many years for its high quality cutting.
Fig: Band Knife Cutting Machine
(d) Die Cutting Machine:
Die cutting machine involves pressing a rigid blade through the lay of fabric. It is useful where small
motifs with particular shape and pattern are needed for cutting. Die cutting is most useful to cut sharp
and small parts. Mainly two types of die cuttings are available in market namely, Clickers and Presses.
7. Fig: Die Cutting Machine
(e) Notcher Cutting Machine:
It is a special type of cutting machine & use in special case. Useful to cut small notch to the fabric. It
is most useful to make consistency in notching. This cannot be used in thermoplastic fibers or certain
unlined garments.
Fig: Notcher Cutting Machine
(f) Dril Cutting Machine:
Sometimes it is needed to mark on the end of components of dresses especially for the position of
pockets, darts and similar features, a hole is often drill through all the plies of fabric in the lay. This
machine is also used for marking on the middle of the components of dresses. It can make the hole
permanently for a long.
Fig: Drill Cutting Machine
3. Fully Automatic / Computerized Cutting Machine:
Computerized cutting machines are kind of advance level of cutting machine. Some fully
automatic/computerized cutting machines are mentioned bellow-
(a) Computer Controlled Knife Cutting Machine
(b) Laser Cutting Machine
(c) Water Jet Cutting Machine
8. (d) Rib Cutting Machine
(e) Plasma Torch Cutting Machine
(a) Computer Controlled Knife Cutting Machine:
This cutting machine provides the most accurate possible cutting at high speed. It is suitable for large
scale production. Marker is not necessary to put over the fabric lays during cutting. This technology
has the advantage of being highly accurate and fast, but does cost considerably more than other cutting
techniques.
Fig: Computer Controlled Knife Cutting Machine
(b) Laser Cutting Machine:
In laser cutting machine, the fabric is cut by a ray of light in a very fine spot by using a laser. Laser
cutting processing depends on its precise processing, faster, simple operation, high degree of
automation has been widely used in the leather and apparel industry. The cutting head is controlled
by a computer.
Fig: Laser Cutting Machine
(c) Water Jet Cutting Machine:
Water jet cutting machine is an industrial tool capable of cutting fabric lay by using a very high-
pressure jet of water. A very fine water-jet is passed through a nozzle at a very high speed to cut the
fabric lay. The pressure of water is 60,000 pounds per square inch. The high pressure jet acts as a
solid tool when it encounters the material to be cut, tearing the fibers on impact.
Fig: Water Jet Cutting Machine
9. (d) Rib Cutting Machine:
These are specialized machines used to cut rib or rolls of strips from knitted tubular fabrics. Knit
garment industry uses this machine widely.
Fig: Rib Cutting Machine
(e) Plasma Torch Cutting Machine:
Plazma cutting was originally developed to satisfy our demand for high quality cutting. It is used for
cutting stainless steel and aluminum. But it can also be used to cut textile material. In this system,
fabrics are cut by a thin through the nozzle which is made by Argon gas.
Fig: Plasma Torch Cutting Machine
3. Machine Used In Sewing Section:
According to the operating system, there are two types of sewing machines are available in the
readymade garment garments sector. Those are-
1. Manually Operated Sewing Machine
2. Electrically Operated Sewing Machine.
1. Manually Operated Sewing Machine:
The machine where sewing is done by using physical power is termed as manually operated sewing
m/c. These types of sewing machines are vastly used in tailoring and domestic purpose of sewing
fabrics. This machine types are not used in apparel manufacturing industries due to the less garments
production.
2. Electrically Operated Sewing Machine:
The machine where sewing is done by using electrical power is known as electrically operated sewing
m/c. This types of machines are widely used in garment manufacturing industries due to the higher
apparel production. These sewing machines also termed as industrial sewing machine.
Machines Used In Sweing Machine:
There are so many machines used in sweing section. Some of them are mentioned bellow-
(a) Double Chain Stitch Machine
(b) Feed Of The Arm Sweing Machine
(c) Interlock Machine
10. (d) Lock Stitch Machine
(e) Lap Seaming Machine
(f) Over Lock Machine
(g) Zigzag Sewing Machine
(h) Top And Bottom Cover Stitch Flat Bed Machine
(i) Button Hole Machine
(j) Label Sewing Machine
(a) Double Chain Stitch Machine:
Double needle / twin needle is a needle with a single shank and two shaft. The two needle shafts have
an eye each through which two threads are threaded.
As you proceed with the double stitching you will get two parallel rows on the face of the fabric and
a zig zag stitch on the back of the fabric.
Fig: Double Chain Stitch Machine
(b) Feed Of The Arm Sweing Machine:
Feed of the arm machine is actually a chain stitch machine for chain stitch designs working with sew
and stitch. It contains looper instead of bobbin. By this machine, stitch can be produced on heavy
fabrics, like denim or jeans; it has opportunity of stitching by folding the fabrics.
Fig: Feed Of The Arm Sweing Machine
11. (c) Interlock Sweing Machine:
Fig: Interlock Sweing Machine
(d) Lock Stitch Machine:
A built-in lock stitch feature on a sewing machine sews a certain number of stitches and then stops
sewing. This option is available on many newer electronic sewing machines. Quilters use this feature
to secure quilting stitches without having an unsightly back stitch visible on their quilts.
Fig: Lock Stitch Machine
(e) Lap Seaming Machine:
Fig: Lap Seaming Machine
(f) OverLock Machine:
An overlock is a kind of stitch that sews over the edge of one or two pieces of cloth for edging,
hemming, or seaming. Usually an overlock sewing machine will cut the edges of the cloth as they are
fed through, though some are made without cutters.
12. Fig: Overlock Machine
(g) Zigzag Sewing Machine:
An Industrial zig-zag sewing machine stitch moves from side to side instead of creating a straight
stitch. ... The motor (sold separately) is attached to the table and powers the sewing machine with a
heavy-duty belt.
Fig: Zigzag Sweing Machine
(h) Button Hole Machine:
There are many types of sewing machine. Some are used for special purposes such as Button
Attaching machine, Bar tack machine etc. This type of machines works in a cycle and so these are
called simple automatic machine.
Buttonholes are holes in fabric which allow buttons to pass through, securing one piece of the fabric
to another. The raw edges of a buttonhole are usually finished with stitching by button hole machine.
Some forms of a button, such as a frog, use a loop of cloth instead of a buttonhole.
Fig: Button Hole Machine
13. 4. Machine Used In Finishig Section:
There are some differents machine used in finishing section. Some of them are mentioned bellow-
1. Thread Sucker Machine
2. Thread Cutter
3. Hand Tag Gun
4. Lifter
5. Iron
6. Metal Detector
7. Textile Cleaning Gun
1. Thread sucker machine:
Thread sucker machine is used for-
1. Samples of packaged/folded garments & trim cards are not displayed in the packing area.
Must also be displayed in the finishing area. Reference sample displayed not similar to
running order. Displayed standard without signature.
2. No random check during finishing, no 100% check after finishing. Presentation needs to be
checked 100%.
3. All packaging accessories (hangtag, kimbal, size sticker etc) to be checked 100% prior to
packing in carton.
4. No thread sucking machine available. SEwing Thread and removal must be sufficient.
5. Factory does not have pull test equipment on site.
Fig: Thread Sucker Machine
2. Thread Cutter:
This tool is used while checking the cloth or apparel. If that apparel has extra layer of yarn or extra
hairy fabric then the checker cut the extra hairy fabric or yarn with this thread cutter.
Fig: Thread Cutter
14. 3. Hand Tag Gun:
Standard price tagging guns are used for general purpose tagging on garments such as stuffed animals,
pillows, blue jeans, sweaters, sweatshirts, "T" shirts and products made from heavier nylons. The
maximun thickness that a standard tag gun needle will tag completly through is 1/2".
Fig: Hand Tag Gun
4. Lifter:
Lifter is used for carrying products. By using lifter apparels are transferred from one section to
another section. We also use lifter for carrying to load or unload product.
Fig: Lifter
5. Iron:
It is an important machine in finishing section. Iron is usually a heated tool, it is used to remove
wrinkles from fabric. The heating is commonly done to a temperature of 180–220 °Celsius, depending
on the fabric. Ironing works by loosening the bonds between the long-chain polymer molecules in the
fibers of the material.
Fig: Iron
6. Metal Detector:
In the apparel industry, metal detector is an essential part of the production process. Now-a-days
metal detector is a very important consideration for garment manufacturers. Normally a buyer
recommended that all the export products must be metal detected. Metal detector may help during the
15. production stage, therefore all products are harmless and free from metal contaminants. The machine
makes sure that the passing product doesn’t have any kind of metal with it.
Fig: Metal Detector
7. Textile cleaning Gun:
Textile cleaning gun cleans all the dirt, oil stains and all the other spots from the surface of apparel.
This machine is also used in manufacturing stage and used in finishing section.
Fig: Textile Cleaning Gun
Without these machines we also use some machine in apparel industry. A short list is mentioned here-
1. Fabrics inspection machine
2. Plotter printing machine
3. Fusing machine
4. Embroidery machine
5. Pull test machine
6. Barcode scanning machine
7. Heat seal joining the machine
8. Case label printing machine
9. Moisture checking machine
10. Digital Hygrometer
11. Air compressor machine
12. Boiler machine
13. Generator &
14. Water pump etc..
Conclusion:
Machineries is a part and parcel of apparel industry. Without machineries nothing can be possible in
apparel industry. Not only apparel industry in every type of industry machineries is the main thing.
So that was a discussion about machineries used in apparel industry.
---The End---