The document discusses different types of fabric cutting machines used in the garments industry. It begins by defining fabric cutting as accurately separating fabric parts from a spread according to a pattern's dimensions. There are three main types of cutting machines: manual (using scissors), semi-automatic (like straight knife cutters), and fully automatic (laser cutters, water jet, plasma torch). The key requirements for cutting are precision, clean edges, supported fabric, and minimized waste. Semi-automatic machines like straight knife cutters are versatile and affordable but pose risks, while automatic machines provide fast, consistent cutting but are more expensive. Overall cutting machines are important for efficient, accurate production in the apparel industry.

2. Bangladesh University of Business & Technology(BUBT)
Department of Textile Engineering
Name: ID:
Usama bin Shahid 17182107015
Minhazjur Rahman Dipto 17182107020
Najmul Hossain 17182107007
Supervisor
Naeem Ahmed Raju
Lecturer
Department of Textile Engg.

3. What is fabric cutting?
In garments industry making of garments parts by cutting of fabrics from
the spread or lay of fabric accurately and fairly as per the drawing of the
patterns, is called fabric cutting.
Object: To separate Fabric parts from the spread of the lay according to the
dimension of the marker.
Requirements of Fabric cutting:
1. Precision of cut.
2. Clean edges
3. Infused edges
4. Support of the lay
Different Types of cutting Machines
1.Manual cutting
2.Semi-automatic cutting machine
3.Fully automatic cutting machine

4. 1. Manual cutting
Hand Operated Scissors
Hand scissors are used for cutting fabric plies manually. Hand
scissors are not machines but very useful cutting equipment.
Factories may have semi-automatic and fully automatic
machines for fabric cutting, but can’t avoid use of hand
scissors in cutting section.

5. Features :
1.It is the first & oldest machine for fabric cutting
2.Very Easy to operate.
3. Most cheep machine.
Advantage of Hand Scissors
1. Over head cost less..
2. Easy to operate & Risk is low.
Disadvantage Hand Scissors
1.Large production is not possible.
2.Fabric wastage is very high.

6. 2. Semi-automatic cutting machines
Straight Knife cutting machine
The straight knife is a common means of cutting lays in conventional
cutting rooms because it is versatile, portable, cheaper than a band
knife, more accurate on curves than a round knife and relatively
reliable and easy to maintain.

7. Features:
1. Knife height is 10 cm to 33 cm.
2. Knife stroke is 2.5 cm to 4.5 cm.
3. Motor r.p.m. is 3000 to 4000.
Advantages of Straight Knife Cutting Machine
1. Automatically lubrication.
2 .Comparatively cheep.
3. Suitable for straight line & curve line
Disadvantages of Straight Knife Cutting Machine
1. Faulty knife could damage fabric layer
2. Risk is high for physical damage of operator

9. Band Knife cutting machine:
Band knives are used when a higher
standard of cutting accuracy is required
than can be obtained with a straight knife.
Round knife cutting machine:
A round knife is used only for straight lines or lower no
of lays of relatively few plies.

10. Features
1. Knife diameter varies from 6-20 cm.
2. Motor r.p.m. is 800-1600
3. Easy to handle & movement due to low weight.
Advantage of Round Knife Cutting Machine
1. Easy to handle & operate
2. Suitable for gentle curve line cutting
3. To cut the larger part of the garments
Disadvantage of Round Knife Cutting Machine
1. Very low r.p.m. & knife height.
2. Manual grinder is used.
3.Not suitable for large production.
4.Lubrication is manually done.

11. Die cutting machine:
This machine is useful
where small motifs with
particular shape and
pattern and accuracy in
cutting are needed.
3. Automatic cutting machines
There are different types of automatic fabric cutting
machines. Here majorly used cutting machines in the
garment industry are shown.

12. Knife cutting Machine:
Advantage
1. Very fast cutting operation
2. Speed of can be controlled
3. No need of marker
4. Less labor cost
Disadvantage
1. Very expensive m/c
2. Higher maintenance cost
3. Skilled manpower required
It is the most useful cutting instrument in apparel cutting. In
apparel industry, more than 99% cases this knife is used. This
machine is called straight knife cutting machine because its cutter
is straight in shape. It is used for both woven & knit fabric.

14. Water Jet Cutting Machine:
A water jet cutter is an industrial tool
capable of cutting a wide variety of
materials using a very high-pressure jet
of water or a mixture of water.
Advantage of Water-jet
Cutting Machine
1. Most effective to cut hard materials
2. Higher cutting speed.
Disadvantage of Water jet
Cutting Machine
1. High costly.
2. Not suitable for high lay of fabric.

15. Laser cutting Machine:
Laser cutting is a technology that uses a
laser to cut materials, and is typically
used for industrial manufacturing
applications, but is also starting to be
used by schools, small businesses..
Advantage
1. Very fast cutting operation
2. no need of sharpening operation
Disadvantage
1. Not suitable for cutting of multi-layer
of fabric
2. For thermoplastic fabric the cutting
edge should be fused
3. Very expensive cutting method

16. Plasma Torch Cutting
Machine: Plasma cutting is a process
that cuts through electrically conductive
materials by means of an accelerated jet
of hot plasma.
Advantage
1. Automatic torch explosion system
2. Easily networked
Disadvantage
1. Higher number of fabric not cut
2. Need higher skill operator
3. Costly
Conclusion: Without an spreading & cutting
Machine the work cannot be done accurately.
It is very useful in apparel industry to give
more production efficiently saves time.