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Structuring the Environment

           Kevin
           Annas
Introduction
• Psychologists have long believed that behavior
  is influenced by the events and conditions
• Antecedents may increase the likelihood that
  appropriate behavior will take place or may
  set the stage for the occurrence of
  misbehavior
• Teachers should examine 2 most crucial
  variables
Designing the Physical Classroom
             Environment
• Environmental Conditions
• Seating Arrangements
• Bulletin Boards and Display Areas
Environmental Conditions
• Concerned about classroom conditions such
  as heating, lightning, ventilation, and noise
• Teachers must ensure the physical
  environment of the classroom is the most
  appropriate one for learning
Seating Arrangements
• Should be flexible enough to accommodate
  and facilitate various learning activities that
  occur in the classroom
• Allows the teacher to be in close to all
  students
• Classroom should be neat and uncluttered
Bulletin Boards and Display Areas
• Look at Case 6.1 and Case 6.2 at page 134 -
  135
Establishing Classroom Guidelines
• Classroom Procedures
• Classroom Rules
Classroom Procedures
• Procedures are directed at accomplishing
  something
• Procedures are taught to students through
  examples and demonstrations
• The use of natural and logical consequences is
  quite appropriate for students who fail to
  follow procedural guidelines
Classroom Rules
• Divided into six processes :
  - The Need For Rules
  - Determining Necessary Rules
  - Developing Consequences
  - Communicating Rules
  - Obtaining Commitments
  - Teaching and Evaluating
The Need For Rules
• The dynamism cause human behavior to be
  highly sensitive to differing conditions across
  situations
• Rules should be directed at organizing the
  learning environment
Determining Necessary Rules
• Teachers must develop a list of rules that is
  fair and realistic
• Rules that are so developed and rationalized
  make sense to students because they are not
  arbitrary
• Teachers who develop student-directed
  approach may provide students to develop
  rules with guidance of the teacher
Developing Consequences
• Students who choose not to follow classroom
  rules should experience consequences
• There is some debate about whether or not
  students should know what the consequences
  will be
• Three types of consequence :
  natural, logical, and contrived
Developing Consequences
• The use of painful punishment has been and
  remains a highly controversial issue
• Punishment does not help the child to
  examine the motivation behind the behavior
Communicating Rules
• Teachers must communicate rules clearly to
  the students
• The manner in which rules are phrased is
  important
Obtaining Commitments
• Look at the cases (143, 144, 145)
Teaching and Evaluating
• Students needs practice & feedback.

• New activities require procedures & rules.

• Teaching & evaluating students by
  understanding the rules.

• Analyzing the classroom environment.
The cultural embeddedness of rules
            and guidelines
• Teacher must aware students come from a a
  variety of cultural backgrounds.

• Cultural synchronization between teachers &
  students.

• African Americans tends to be more high key.

• Cultural differences.
Creating group norms to structure
           appropriate behavior
•   Develop its own culture.
•   4 skills needed for effectively groups.
•   Forming skills.
•   Functioning skills.
•   Formulating skills.
•   Fermenting skills.
Conclusion
• Although teachers have no control over the
  size of classrooms, they can control seating
  arrangements and use of bulletin boards
• Classroom guidelines are needed for routine
  activities and general classroom behavior
• The culture of the school and the students
  must be synchronized to increase positive
  behavior

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NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptxNEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
 

Structuring the Environment

  • 2. Introduction • Psychologists have long believed that behavior is influenced by the events and conditions • Antecedents may increase the likelihood that appropriate behavior will take place or may set the stage for the occurrence of misbehavior • Teachers should examine 2 most crucial variables
  • 3. Designing the Physical Classroom Environment • Environmental Conditions • Seating Arrangements • Bulletin Boards and Display Areas
  • 4. Environmental Conditions • Concerned about classroom conditions such as heating, lightning, ventilation, and noise • Teachers must ensure the physical environment of the classroom is the most appropriate one for learning
  • 5. Seating Arrangements • Should be flexible enough to accommodate and facilitate various learning activities that occur in the classroom • Allows the teacher to be in close to all students • Classroom should be neat and uncluttered
  • 6. Bulletin Boards and Display Areas • Look at Case 6.1 and Case 6.2 at page 134 - 135
  • 7. Establishing Classroom Guidelines • Classroom Procedures • Classroom Rules
  • 8. Classroom Procedures • Procedures are directed at accomplishing something • Procedures are taught to students through examples and demonstrations • The use of natural and logical consequences is quite appropriate for students who fail to follow procedural guidelines
  • 9. Classroom Rules • Divided into six processes : - The Need For Rules - Determining Necessary Rules - Developing Consequences - Communicating Rules - Obtaining Commitments - Teaching and Evaluating
  • 10. The Need For Rules • The dynamism cause human behavior to be highly sensitive to differing conditions across situations • Rules should be directed at organizing the learning environment
  • 11. Determining Necessary Rules • Teachers must develop a list of rules that is fair and realistic • Rules that are so developed and rationalized make sense to students because they are not arbitrary • Teachers who develop student-directed approach may provide students to develop rules with guidance of the teacher
  • 12. Developing Consequences • Students who choose not to follow classroom rules should experience consequences • There is some debate about whether or not students should know what the consequences will be • Three types of consequence : natural, logical, and contrived
  • 13. Developing Consequences • The use of painful punishment has been and remains a highly controversial issue • Punishment does not help the child to examine the motivation behind the behavior
  • 14. Communicating Rules • Teachers must communicate rules clearly to the students • The manner in which rules are phrased is important
  • 15. Obtaining Commitments • Look at the cases (143, 144, 145)
  • 16. Teaching and Evaluating • Students needs practice & feedback. • New activities require procedures & rules. • Teaching & evaluating students by understanding the rules. • Analyzing the classroom environment.
  • 17. The cultural embeddedness of rules and guidelines • Teacher must aware students come from a a variety of cultural backgrounds. • Cultural synchronization between teachers & students. • African Americans tends to be more high key. • Cultural differences.
  • 18. Creating group norms to structure appropriate behavior • Develop its own culture. • 4 skills needed for effectively groups. • Forming skills. • Functioning skills. • Formulating skills. • Fermenting skills.
  • 19. Conclusion • Although teachers have no control over the size of classrooms, they can control seating arrangements and use of bulletin boards • Classroom guidelines are needed for routine activities and general classroom behavior • The culture of the school and the students must be synchronized to increase positive behavior