STRAND 1.0 NUMBERS.pptx cbc for grade 4,

STRAND 1.0: NUMBERS
SUB – STRAND 1.1: WHOLE NUMBERS

SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the end of the sub strand, the learner should be able to:
• Use place value and total value of digits up to tens of thousands in
daily in daily life situations,
• Read and write numbers up to 10,000 in symbols in real life
situations,
• Read and write numbers up to 1,000 in words in day to day activities,
• Order numbers up to 1,000 in different situations,
• Round off numbers up
• Identify factors of numbers up to 50 in different contexts,
• Identify multiples of numbers up to100 in different situations,
• Use even and odd numbers up to 100 in different situations,
• Make patterns involving even and odd numbers in real life situations,
• Represent Hindu Arabic numerals using Roman
• Numerals up to ‘X’ in different situations,
• Appreciate use of whole numbers in real life situations.

1.0 WHOLE NUMBERS
A number that doesn't have any
fractional or decimal parts.
EXAMPLE
0,5,26,25,2255,2,56,5,6

Place value up to thousands
Example l
What is the place value of each digit in 368?
The place value of digit 3 is hundreds.
The place value of digit 6 is tens.
The place value of digit 8 is ones.

ASSESSMENT
1. A supermarket manager needs to keep track of their inventory.
They count 4,379 cans of soda. What is the place value of the digit 3
in the total count?
2. A school principal checks the attendance records and finds that
there were 6,824 students present yesterday. What is the value of
the digit 2 in the total attendance count?
3. A person withdraws Ksh9,567 from their bank account. What is the
digit in the thousands place in the withdrawal amount?
4. In a town census, it's recorded that there are 25,641 residents.
What is the digit in the ten thousands place in the population
count?
5. A construction company orders 7,503 bricks for a new project.
What is the place value of the digit 5 in the total number of bricks
ordered?

1.1.1 Place value of numbers up to tens of
thousands in daily life situation
• Complete the pattern
• The next number after 9999 is I0000
• The place value of digit I in l0000 is ten thousands.
9 + 1 = 10
99 + 1 = 100
999 + 1 = 1000
9999 + 1 = 1000

ASSESMENT
1. A Farmer harvested 27090 kg of maize. what is the place value of
digit 2 in the number?
2. There were 68920 people in a location .what is the place value of
digit 6 in the number?
3. In a school there were 2374 pupils. What is the place value of digit
2 in the number.
4. In a farm there were 84004 seedings. What is the place value of 4 in
the number.
5. In a certain county there are 49421 people what is the place value
of 9 in the number

IDENTIFYING TOTAL VALUES OF DIGITS UP TO
TENS OF THOUSANDS
• EXAMPLE
In a certain school there were 342 pupils.whats the total value of each
digit
The number 342 is 3 hundreds 4 tens 2 ones
• 3 hundreds 4 tens 2 ones = 300 + 40 +2
• The total value of digit 3 is 300

Assessment
1. A tank contains 4298 liters of water. How many liters of water are
shown by digit 8?
2. A cow produced I745 liters of milk in a certain month. How many
liters of milk are shown by digit 1?
3. In a store there were 42846 bags of maize. Whats the total value 2
in the number.
4. In a certain country there were 13927men.whats the total value of
9 in the number
5. Bungoma county hospital had 20191 patients .what is the total
value of 1 in the number

1.2 Reading and writing numbers up to
10000 in symbols
(a) Reading and writing numbers up to 5000 in symbols
Example
Read and write the numbers 1568.
(a) 1 thousands 5 hundreds 6 tens 8 ones.
1 thousands 5 hundreds 6 tens 8 ones is 1568.
1568 is read as one thousand five hundred and sixty eight.
(b) 4 thousands 6 hundreds 7 tens 9 ones.
4 thousands 6 hundreds 7 tens 9 ones is 4679.
4679 is read as four thousand six hundred and seventy nine.

Assessment
1. Read and write the following numbers:
(a) I thousands 0 hundreds 3 tens 4 ones is……………….
(b) 2 thousands 5 hundreds 6 tens 6 ones is……………….
(c) 3 thousands 9 hundreds 9 tens 0 ones is……………….
(d) 4 thousands 0 hundreds 0 tens 6 ones is……………….
(e) 4 thousands 0 hundreds I tens 0 ones is………………..
2. In a certain primary school there were 1034 pupils. Read the
number of pupils in word

(1.3) Reading and writing numbers up to
10000 in symbols
• The table shows a place value chart,
(a) 7 thousands 9 hundreds 0 tens 1 ones is 7901.
7901 is read as seven thousand nine hundred and one.
(b) 9 thousands 8 hundreds 8 tens 4 ones is 9884.
9884 is read as nine thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
(c) I ten thousands 0 thousands 0 hundreds 0 tens 0 ones.10000 is read as
ten thousand.
Ten Thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
7 9 0 1
9 8 8 4
1 0 0 0 0

ASSESSMENT
Read and write each of the following numbers:
(a) 5 thousands 0 hundreds 5 tens 0 ones is______________
(b) 6 thousands 2 hundreds 9 tens 4 ones is____________
(c) 1 thousands 5 hundreds tens 2 ones is_______________
2. In groups of six, read each of the following numbers in turns:
(a) 5071, 5013, 5016, 5080, 5092, 5099
(b) 64401, 6513, 6742, 6703, 6800, 6901
(c) 139, 1242, 7429, 7391, 7999, 7550
(d) 8081, 8382, 8l461, 8396, 8136, 8905
(e) 912, 9269,9351, 9874, 9999, 10000

1.3 Reading and writing numbers up to 1000
in words
Example 1
Read and write each of the following numbers in words:
(a) 305(b) 489
(a) 305 is 3 hundreds 0 tens 5 ones.
305 is read and written as three hundred and five.
(b) 489 is read and written as 4 hundreds 8 tens 9 ones.
489 is read and written as four hundred and eighty nine.

ASSESSMENT
1. Karisa was paid sh 465 for doing some work. Write this amount in
words.
2. Rono sold 256 books. Write the number of books sold by rono in
words.
3. A women group planted 364 tree seedlings. Write the number of
tree seedlings in words.
4. A chief baraza was attended by 450 people. Write the number of
people in words?

1.3.1 Reading and writing numbers 501-1000
in words
Example
Read and write each of the following numbers in words:
(a) 604 (b) 936
(a) 604 is 6 hundreds 0 tens 4 ones.
604 six hundred and four
(b) 936 is 9 hundreds 3 tens 6 ones.
936 is Nine hundred and thirty six.

ASSESSMENT
1. Wafula had 125 goats. Write this number in words.
2. Towet harvested l000 bags of maize, What was this number in words
3. 4. There are 812 story books in a school library. Write the number of story
books in words.
4. A county agricultural trade fair was attended by 996 people. Write this number
in words.
5. The symbols 2, 9 and 7 were used to form 3-digit numbers. Write the largest
number formed in words.
6. Omari used the symbols 5,9 and 3 to form 3-digit numbers. Write the smallest
number that he formed in words.
7. Mueni had some chicken in her farm. The number of chicken is the mallest
number that can be formed using the symbols 6, 8 and 2.Write the number in
words.

1.4.0 Ordering numbers up to 1000 in different
situation
(a) Arranging numbers from the smallest to the largest
• Example
Arrange the following numbers from the smallest to the largest:
624, 246, 462, 642, 264, 426
The numbers arranged from the smallest to the largest are;
246, 264t, 426, 462, 624, 642

ASSESSMENT
1. Arrange the numbers in each of the following groups from the smallest to the
largest:
a) 259,952, 592, 925, 529, 295
b) 987, 798, 897, 978, 789, 879
c) 917, 197, 791,971, I79, 719
2. The number of bags of maize flour a trader sold in 8 days were as follows:
142, 112, 124, 132, 122, 114, 123, 121
Arrange the numbers from the smallest to the largest.
3The amount of water in liters, in six containers was measured and recorded as
follows:
20, 100, 70, 210, 50, 500
Arrange the numbers from the smallest to the largest.

1.4.1 Arranging Numbers from the largest to
the smallest
Example
• The amount of honey in kilograms harvested by 12 farmers was
recorded a
829,982, 793,397,929, 84, 846,92, 139,464, 379 and 248
SOLUTION
Arrange the numbers from the largest to the smallest.
The numbers from the largest to smallest are:
982,929, 846, 829, 93, 739, 464, 397, 379, 248,92, 84

ASSESSMENT
1 The mass of beans in kilograms harvested bų six farmers were:
389, 725, 621, 298, 398,512
Arrange the mass of beans from the largest to the smallest.
2. The following marks were obtained bų six pupils in a Grade 4 class.
348,429,384,308, 386 and 418
Arrange the marks from the highest to the lowest.
3. The number of votes obtained by five candidates in an election wereas follows:
985. 1000,978, 389, 536
Arrange the number of votes from the largest to the smallest.
4. The time taken in minutes by six athletes in a race were recorded as
152, 128, 174, I43, 150
Arrange the time from the largest to the smallest.

1.5.0 ROUNDING OFF NUMBERS TO 1000 TO
THE NEAREST 10
(a)Rounding off numbers 1 to 100 to the nearest 10
Example
Round off each of the following numbers to the nearest 10:
(a)37 (b)82
(a) 37 is nearer to 40 than to 30
Therefore,37 rounded off to the nearest 10 is 40
(b) 82 is nearer to 80 than 90
Therefore 82 rounded off to the nearest 10 is 80

ASSESSMENT
1.You're at a grocery store and want to estimate the total cost of your items. If your
groceries cost 47, what would be the rounded estimate to the nearest 10?
2.In a classroom, there are 28 students. If the teacher wants to divide them into groups of
10 for an activity, how many groups will there be after rounding to the nearest 10?
3.You're planning a party and expect 63 guests to attend. When buying party favors, you
want to estimate how many to purchase. What would be the rounded estimate of guests
to the nearest 10?
4.A construction site needs to order bricks for building a wall. If they estimate they'll need
285 bricks, what would be the rounded estimate to the nearest 10?
5.A construction site needs to order bricks for building a wall. If they estimate they'll need
285 bricks, what would be the rounded estimate to the nearest 10?

1.5.1 ROUNDING OFF NUMBERS 101 TO 500
TO THE NEAREST 10
• b) Rounding off numbers 101 to 500 to the nearest I0
Example
Round off each of the following numbers to the nearest 10:
(a) I76 (b) 494
(a) I76 is nearer to 180 than to l70.
Therefore, 116 rounded off to the nearest 10 is 180.
(b) 494 is nearer to 490 than to 500.
Therefore, 494 rounded off to the nearest 10 is 490.

ASSESSMENT
1. The mass of a qoat was 119 kg. What was the mass of the goat to the
nearest l0 kg?
2. Mweke measured the length of a wire as 387 m. Round off the
length of the wire to the nearest l0 meters.
3. The capacity of a drum is 92 litres.Write the capacity of drum to the
nearest I0 litres.
4Round off each of the following numbers to the nearest 10:
(a) 554(b) 989

1.5.2 Round off numbers 501 to l000 to the
nearest 10
• Example
Round off each of the following numbers to the nearest l0:
(a) 554 (b) 989
(a) 554 is nearer to 550 than 560
Therefore, 554 rounded off to the nearest l0 is 550
(b) 989 is nearer to 990 than to980
Therefore, 989 rounded off to the nearest l0 is 990

ASSESSMENT
1. Kaparo bought a shirt for Sh 695.What was the price of the shirt to the
nearest Sh I0?
2. Musa has 138 cows. What is the number of cows to the nearest 10?
3. Chebet harvested 712 kg of millet. What was the mass of millet to the
nearest l0 kg?
4. A tank contains 598 liters of water. How much water to the nearest10
liters is in the tank?
5 A shipment of goods weighs 593 kilograms. What would be the rounded
weight to the nearest 10 kilograms?
6 A library needs to catalogue 724 new books. How many shelves should
they allocate, rounded to the nearest 10?

1.6 Factors and divisors of numbers up to 50
Consider the following multiplications:
12 =1x12
12=2x6
12 =3x4
The number 12 is the product of 1 and 12, 2 and 6, 3 and 4.
The pairs of numbers 1 and 12, 2 and 6, 3 and 4 are called factors of l2.
The number 12 can be divided by I, 2, 3,4,6 and 12.
The numbers I, 2, 3,4, 6 and 12 are called divisors of 12.

EXAMPLE
Find all the pairs of factors of 18.
18 =1x 18
18 =2x9
18 =3x6
The pairs of factors of 18 are 1 and 18,2 and
9,3 and 6.

ASSESSMENT
1. You're planning a birthday party for 24 guests. How many different ways
can you arrange the seating at the party tables, considering factors and
divisors?
2. A gardener wants to plant flowers in a rectangular garden bed measuring
30 feet by 40 feet. What are the possible dimensions for smaller
rectangular flower beds that evenly divide the larger one?
3. You have a roll of wrapping paper that is 15 feet long. What are the
different lengths you can cut from the roll to wrap gifts without any
leftover paper, considering factors and divisors?
4. : A baker needs to divide a batch of 48 cookies equally into gift boxes.
What are the different numbers of cookies they can put in each box,
considering factors and divisors?

1.7.0 Multiples of numbers up to 100
(a) Multiples of numbers 1 to 5
EXAMPLE
Write the first six multiples of 4:
4x1=4
4x2=8
4x3 =12
4 x 4 = 16
4 x5= 20
4 x6= 24
The first six multiples of 4 are: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24.

ASSESSMENT
1. A bus arrives at a stop every 15 minutes. What are the next five times the bus
will arrive, considering multiples of 15?
2. A recipe requires 3 eggs. If you want to bake multiple batches of the same
recipe, what are the total number of eggs needed for the next five batches,
considering multiples of 3?
3. A fitness trainer recommends doing sets of 10 repetitions for a particular
exercise. If you want to complete multiple sets, how many repetitions will you
do in the next five sets, considering multiples of 10?
4. A gardener waters their plants every 2 days. When will they need to water the
plants next, considering multiples of 2, and what are the next four watering
days?
5. An employer pays their employees every 5 days. When will the next five
paydays occur, considering multiples of 5?

1.7.1 Multiples of numbers 6 to I0
Example
Find the first eight multiples of 9.
9 x1=9
9x2=18
9x3=27
9x4=36
9x5=45
9x6=54
9x7=63
9x8=72
9x9=81
The first 8 multiples of 9 are, 9, 18,27, 36, 45,54,63 and 72.

ASSESSMENT
1. A cleaning service visits a building every 10 days. When will the next five
cleaning sessions occur, considering multiples of 10 days?
2. A family plans to stop for a break every 3 hours during a road trip. When
will they take their next five breaks, considering multiples of 3 hours?
3. A team schedules meetings every 9 days. When will the next five
meetings take place, considering multiples of 9 days?
4. A student studies for 40 minutes each session. If they want to schedule
multiple study sessions, how many total minutes will they study in the
next five sessions, considering multiples of 40?
5. An employer pays their employees every 7 days. When will the next five
paydays occur, considering multiples of 7 days?

1.8.0 EVEN AND ODD NUMBERS UP TO 100
(a) Even numbers 100
NOTE
All even numbers ends with 0,2,4,6 or 8
Which of the following are even numbers?
(a) 4 (b) 9 (c)12 (a)
(a)4÷2=2 (4 is an even number)
(b)9÷2=4 rem(9 is not an even number)
(c)12÷2=6(12 is an even number)

ASSESMENT
1. A soccer team has 22 players. How many teams of 11 players each can be
formed for a practice match, considering even numbers?
2. A shopper buys 16 items at the grocery store. How many bags will be
needed if each bag can hold 8 items, considering even number:
3. In a classroom, there are 30 students. How many desks are needed if
each desk seats 2 students, considering even numbers?
4. A hotel has rooms with a maximum occupancy of 4 guests each. How
many rooms are needed to accommodate 36 guests, considering even
numbers?
5. A library receives a donation of 100 books. How many shelves will be
needed to display all the books if each shelf can hold 10 books,
considering even numbers?

1.8.1 ODD NUMBERS
• Numbers that cannot make complete pairs are odd numbers. Such numbers that
are not divisible by 2
• Numbers are not divisible by 2 are odd numbers
EXAMPLE
Which of the following are odd numbers!
(a)5 (b)16
5 bottle tops cannot form complete pairs.
5 is an odd number
(b) 16 bottle tops can form complete pairs.
16 is an even number
NOTE: All odd numbers ends with1,3,5,7,9.

ASSESSMENT
1. A shopper buys 21 items at the grocery store. How many bags will be
needed if each bag can hold 3 items, considering odd numbers?
2. A bookstore receives a shipment of 77 books. If each shelf can hold
11 books, how many shelves will be needed to display all the books,
considering odd numbers?
3. In a theater, there are 15 rows of seats with 9 seats in each row. How
many total seats are there, considering odd numbers?
4. A conference room has tables arranged in rows, with each row
accommodating 7 participants. If there are 63 attendees, how many
rows of tables are needed, considering odd numbers?

1.9.0 PATTERS INVOLVING EVEN AND ODD
NUMBERS
• (a) patterns involving even numbers
• Example
• Write the next two numbers in the pattern:4,6,8,10 ,
• 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 ,
+2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2
4 +2= 6 6+ 2=8 8+2= 10
The next number is 10 + 2 = 12. The next number is 12 + 2= I4
. The pattern is , 6,8, 10, 12, I4

ASSESSEMENT
1. A floor is being tiled with square tiles, each measuring 2 feet on each
side. If the first row has 4 tiles, and each subsequent row adds 2 more
tiles than the previous row, how many tiles are in the 5th row?
2. A fence is being constructed with vertical posts spaced 3 feet apart.
The first post is placed at position 2 feet from the start, and each
subsequent post is placed 5 feet farther than the previous one. What is
the position of the 6th post?
3. A book has a pattern where each chapter starts on an even-numbered
page. If the book has 10 chapters, how many pages does the book have
in total, assuming each chapter is the same length?
4. A music playlist follows a pattern where the first song is 3 minutes long,
and each subsequent song is 2 minutes longer than the previous one.
What is the length of the 7th song?

1.9.2 PATTERNS INVOLING ODD NUMBERS
• EXAMPLE
• What's the next number in the pattern below
3 9 11 13 15 17 ,
+2 +2 +2 +2 +2
1+2= 9
9+2=11
11 +2 = 13
The next number is I3 + 2= 15
The next number is 15 +2 = 17
The pattern is ,9, I, I3, 15, I1.

ASSESSMENT
1. A tower has a pattern where each floor is 15 feet tall. The first floor is
25 feet tall, and each subsequent floor is 5 feet taller than the previous
one. How tall is the tower after 6 floors?
2. A pathway is being paved with square tiles, each measuring 3 feet on
each side. If the first row has 5 tiles, and each subsequent row adds 3
more tiles than the previous row, how many tiles are in the 6th row?
3.
A row of trees is being planted along a street, with each tree spaced 7
feet apart. The first tree is planted at position 5 feet from the start, and
each subsequent tree is planted 9 feet farther than the previous one.
What is the position of the 7th tree?
4. An orchard has rows of fruit trees, with each row containing 7 trees.
The first row has 4 trees, and each subsequent row has 3 more trees
than the previous one. How many trees are there in the 9th row?

1.10 ROMAN NUMBERS
• In Hindu Arabic system, the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 8 and 9 are used
to write numbers. The Roman system has symbols that are also used to
write numbers. Some of these symbols include I, V,X.
• Example of roman numbers
Hindu Arabic numerals Roman numbers
1 i
2 ii
3 iii
4 iv
5 v
6 vi
7 vii
8 viii
9 ix
10 x

ASSESSMENT
1. Six athletes were given cards with numbers I to 6 to show their
positions. Write these positions in Roman numerals.
2. The first seven pages of a book are labelled using Roman numerals.
Record the pages in order
3. AT-Shirt of a football played labelled number nine. Write this in
number Write these positions in Roman numerals.
4. Grade 4 learners we given different colours flash cards numbered 1
to nine. write in romans numbers

1.2.ADDITION
• By the end of the sub strand, the learner should be able to:
• Add up to two 4-digit numbers with single regrouping up to a sum of
10,000in different situations,
• Add up to two 4-digit numbers with double regrouping up to a
sumof10,000 in real life situations,
• Estimate sum by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten in different
situations,
• Create patterns involving addition up to a sum of 10,000 in real life
situations,
• Appreciate application of addition of numbers in real life situations.

1.2.1 Addition of a 4-digit number up to with single
regrouping up to a sum of 10000
Example
Add
(a)1702+9
1. Add 2 to 9 to get 11.
2. 11 is I tens and 1 ones.
3. Write in the ones column and regroup1 tens to tens column.
4. Add O to 1 to get 1 and write 1 in the tens column.
5. Since nothing is added to 7, write 7 in the hundreds column.
6. Since nothing is added to I, write I in the thousands column.
thousands hundreds tens ones
1 7 0 2
+ 9
1 7 1 1

ASSESSMENT
1. Nambuye bought apples for Ksh345, bananas for Ksh289, oranges for Ksh412,
and grapes for Ksh398, what is the total cost of Nambuye grocery shopping?
2. Nasong`o paid a rent of Ksh1,250, utilities for Ksh365, groceries for Ksh485,
and transportation costs forKsh298, what is Nasong`os total monthly expenses?
3. If the cost of materials for a construction project is Ksh3,450, labor costs are
Ksh2,890, equipment rental costs are Ksh1,245, and miscellaneous expenses
are Ksh765, what is the total cost of the project?
4. If a store has 1,245 units of Product A, 789 units of Product B, 1,032 units of
Product C, and 567 units of Product D in stock, what is the total number of
units in the store's inventory?
5. If the catering bill for an event is Ksh3,890, the venue rental costs Ksh1,275, the
entertainment costs Ksh985, and the decorations cost Ksh567, what is the total
cost of organizing the event?

1.2.2 ADDITION OF NUMBER TO 3 –DIGIT AND 4
–DIGIT NUMBERWITH SINGLE REGROUPING
• Bidii school had 1035 pupils. Itilu school had 783 pupils. How
many pupils were there in the two schools altogether
solution
Bidii school had 1035 pupils
Ituli school had 783 pupils
Total number of pupils is 1035 + 783 1035
+783
1818

ASSESSMENT
1. There were 789 people in county A and 2,356
in county B.whats the total number of people in two counties?
2.Mamboleo had ksh423 in the bank.He had Ksh5,698 at hand
what is the total amount did he have?
3.Mr Masafu had 841 and 3,572 goats What is the total number
of animal did mr Masafu had?
4.There were 976 plates and 4,213 cups in a certain store.whats
is the total number of plates and cups in that store
5.Moses had ksh 587 and his brother Manuel had ksh 6,425,
what is the total amount of the two brothers?

ADDITION OF A 4 –DIGIT NUMBER UP TO 3-
DIGIT WITH DOUDLE REGROUPING
Add 3468 + 179
thousands hundreds tens ones
3 4 6 8
1 7 9
3 4 6 8

2.2 ADDITION OF TWO 4 –DIGIT NUMBER
WITH DOUDLE REGROUPING
Example
School a had 3456 pupils and school b had 1671pupils.whats the total
number of pupils did the two schools had
(a) 3456 + 1671 3456
+ 1671
5127

ASSESSMENT
1. If you bought groceries worth Ksh4,587 and later decided to buy additional
items worth Ksh312, what was the total amount you spent?
2. A warehouse initially stocked 6,543 units of a product. Over the month, they
received an additional shipment of 789 units. What is the total inventory now?
3. If you budgeted Ksh8,654 for home renovations and spent an additional
Ksh432 on unexpected repairs, how much did you end up spending in total?
4. A construction project initially estimated to cost Ksh12,765 encountered extra
expenses amounting to Ksh1,298. What was the final cost of the project?
5.
If your monthly expenses amounted to Ksh9,876 and you had to pay an
additional Ksh543 for unforeseen bills, what was your total expenditure for the
month?

2.3 Estimate sum by rounding off numbers to
the nearest 10 in different situation
(a). Sum of up to two 2-digit numbers
Example
Manuel had 23 oranges and 78 apple. what's the total number of
oranges
23 to the nearest 10 is 20
78 to the nearest 10 is 80
Estimate sum is 20 + 80
20
+80
100

ASSESSMENT
1. Karisa had two ropes of lengths 18 m and 16 m. What is the sum of
the length of the ropes?
2. Maore had two wires of lengths 23 m and 49 m. He joined the two
wires. What is the sum of the lengths of the two wires?
3. lda had two bags of maize of mass 12 kg and 86 kg. Find the sum of
the mass of the two bags

2.4.0 NUMBER PATTERNS
(a) Finding the missing number in a pattern
Example
Mama linda had 90 goats.She sold 50.how many goats did she
remained
50 + = 90 90+ =130 130 44+
40 40 40
44

ASSESSMENT
1. If your rent increases byKsh100 each month, and your utility bills increase
byKsh50 each month, how much will your total monthly expenses increase by
after 6 months?
2. If you receive aKsh500 salary increase every year, and you've been working at
your job for 4 years, how much has your salary increased in total?
3. If a company sells 100 units of a product in the first month, and the sales
increase by 20 units each month, how many units will they sell in the sixth
month?
4. In a city, the population increases by 5% every year. If the current population is
50,000, what will be the population after 3 years?
5. If you saveKsh50 in the first week,Ksh75 in the second week, and increase your
savings byKsh25 each week thereafter, how much will you have saved by the
end of 10 weeks?

2.4.1CREATING NUMBER PATTERNS
INVOLVING ADDITION
• Example
Starting from 2000,creat a pattern with the, add 100
2000, , , , .
2000+100=2100,2100 + 100 = 2200, 2200+ 100 = 2300,2300+100=2400
the pattern is 2000,2100,2200,2300,2400

ASSESSEMENT
1. You decide to save money weekly, starting withKsh20 in the first week, and
then addingKsh5 to your savings each week thereafter. What will your savings
be in the 10th week?
2. You plant 5 tomato plants in your garden, and each week the number of
tomatoes harvested doubles. If you harvest 5 tomatoes in the first week, how
many tomatoes will you harvest in the fourth week?
3. A cyclist starts with a daily distance of 10 kilometers and increases their
distance by 5 kilometers each day. How far will they have traveled in 7 days?
4. You aim to read more books each month than the previous month. If you read
3 books in January, 5 books in February, and increase your reading by 2 books
each month thereafter, how many books will you read in June?

1.3 SUBTRACTION
• Subtract up to 4-digit numbers without regrouping in real life
situations,
• Subtract up to 4-digit numbers with regrouping in real life situations,
• Estimate difference by rounding off numbers to the nearest ten in
different contexts,
• Create patterns involving subtraction from up to 10,000,
• Appreciate application of subtraction of numbers in real life
situations.

1.3.0SUBTRACT UP TO 4-DIGIT NUMBERS
WITHOUT REGROUPING IN REAL LIFE SITUATIONS,
(a) subtract up to 4-digit numbers without regrouping in real life
situations,
example
Nasokho had 2341 animals. He sold 2141 animals. How many animals
did he remained with.
2126
+2341
4467

ASSESSMENT
1. A warehouse initially had 3,542 units of a product. If 789 units were sold, how
many units are left in the warehouse?
2. You budgeted Ksh500 for weekly expenses. If you spent Ksh324 this week, how
much money do you have left for the week?
3. You borrowed 342 books from the library. After returning 189 books, how many
books do you still have borrowed?
4. A car initially had 4,567 miles on its odometer. If it travels 432 miles on a road
trip, how many miles will be left on the odometer after the trip?
5. You saved Ksh1,200 for a vacation. If you spent Ksh785 on flights, how much
money do you still have saved for other vacation expenses?

1.3.2 SUBTRACT UP TO 4-DIGIT NUMBERS
WITH REGROUPING IN REAL LIFE SITUATIONS
(a) Subtraction of up to3 digit numbers with regrouping
Example
Subtract 87 from 392
392
-87
305
2 minus 7, not possible
Regroup 1 ten from 9 and regroup it as 10 ones
Add 2 ones and l0 ones to get l2 ones
Subtract 7 from 12 to get 5.
Write 5 in the ones column
Subtract 8 tens from 8 tens to get 0 tens
Write 0 in the tens column
Since nothing is subtracted from 3, write 3 in thehundreds column.

ASSESSMENT
1. A farmer harvested 185 bags of rice. She sold 96 bags of rice. How many bags
of the rice remained?
2. In town A, there were 382 cases of HIV infection, In town B, there were 194
cases of HV infection. How many more cases of HIV infection were in town A
than in town B?
3. There were 236 people in a meeting. In that meeting there were l80 men. How
many women were in the meeting?
4. A parking lot has a total of 846 parking spaces. If 234 spaces are currently
occupied, how many spaces are still available?
5. You have a grocery budget of Ksh200 for the week. After spending Ksh128 on
groceries, how much money do you have left for other expenses?

1.3.3 SUBTRACT UP TO 4-DIGIT NUMBERS
WITH REGROUPING IN REAL LIFE SITUATIONS
• Example
• There were 2371 people in a meeting.in that meeting there were 1412 men. How
many women were in that meeting.
Solution
2371
-1412
959

ASSESSMENT
1. If you have Ksh5,980 in your bank account and you withdraw Ksh2,567 for
monthly expenses, how much money will be left in your account?
2. A store has 3,789 units of a product in stock. If 1,245 units are sold, how many
units of the product remain in the inventory?
3. If your monthly income is Ksh4,500 and you spend Ksh2,345 on rent, Ksh875
on utilities, and Ksh645 on groceries, how much money do you have left for
other expenses?
4. A construction project budgeted Ksh12,345 for materials. If Ksh4,567 has
already been spent, how much money is left for the project?
5. A bookstore initially had 5,678 books in stock. After selling 2,345 books, how
many books are still available in the inventory?

1.3.4 ESTIMATE DIFFERENCE BY ROUNDING OFF NUMBERS TO
THE NEAREST TEN IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS,
Example
There were257 wildebeest in a game reserved.in a certain season 62wildbest
migrated to another game reserved. How many wildebeests remained.estimate
the difference by rounding off to the nearest 10
257 is 260 to the nearest 10 260
62 is 60 to the nearest10 -60
difference is 260-60 200

ASSESSEMENT
1. If you estimate the cost of a shirt to be Ksh25 and a pair of jeans to be Ksh45,
what would be the estimated difference in the cost of the two items when
rounded to the nearest ten?
2. If you estimate the temperature in the morning to be 68 and the temperature
in the afternoon to be 79, what is the estimated difference in temperature
when rounded to the nearest ten?
3. If you estimate that there were 85 people at a concert and 120 people at a
festival, what is the estimated difference in attendance when rounded to the
nearest ten?
4. If you estimate the length of one book to be 345 pages and the length of
another book to be 512 pages, what is the estimated difference in the number
of pages when rounded to the nearest ten?

(b) FINDING DIFFERENCES OF UP TO 4-DIGIT
NUMBERS
• Example
• Find the difference by rounding off to the nearest 10
4223-2562
4223 is 4220 to the nearest 10 4220
2562 is 2560 to the nearest 10 - 2560
Difference is 4220-2560 1660

ASSESSMENT
1. A store had 5,432 items in stock yesterday. Today, 2,345 items were sold. What
is the difference in the number of items in stock now?
2. A car traveled 10,567 miles last year and 8,932 miles this year. What is the
difference in the distance traveled between the two years?
3. Sarah had Ksh8,765 in her bank account last month. After paying bills, her
account balance reduced to Ksh5,689 this month. What is the difference in her
account balance between the two months?
4. A city had a population of 150,678 last year. This year, due to migration, the
population increased to 156,789. What is the difference in population between
the two years?
5. A school had 789 students enrolled last semester. This semester, the enrollment
increased to 1,234 students. What is the difference in the number of students
enrolled between the two semesters?

1.3.4 CREATE PATTERNS INVOLVING
SUBTRACTION FROM UP TO 10,000
PATTERNS INVOLVING SUBTRACTION OF NUMBERS UP TO 1000
Example
Create a pattern of 6 numbers given the numbers 8500 and the rule is subtract 200
8500-200=8300
8300-200=8100
8100-200=7900
7900-200=7700
7700-200=7500
The pattern is 8500,8300,8100,7900,7700,7500

ASSESSMENT
1. Write the missing numbers in the patterns :
(a)5600,5500,5400,5300, , ,
(b)7450,7400,7350,7300, , ,
(c)9850,9840,9830, , ,9800,
2 .Use the number and the rule given to create a pattern of 6 numbers.
(a) 7500,”subtract 500” , ,
(b) 10000,”subtract100” , ,
(c) 7790,”subtract,30” , ,
3.In a groups, make four patterns each of 5 numbers involving subtraction?

1.4 MULTIPLICATION
• Multiply up to a two-digit number by multiples of 10 in different situations,
• Multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit number with and without
regrouping,
• Estimate products by rounding off numbers to the nearest 10 with product
not exceeding 1,000,
• Create patterns involving multiplication with product not exceeding 100,
• Appreciate application of multiplication of numbers in real life situation.

1.4.1 MULTIPLY UP TO A TWO-DIGIT NUMBER BY
MULTIPLES OF 10 IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS
Example
There are 6 pieces of chalk in a packet.
How many pieces of chalk are there in ten
such packets?
6×10=60

ASSESSMENT
1. There were twelve pens a packet.How many pieces of chalk are there in ten
such packets?
2. Kadzo has six bunches of bananas. Each bunch has ten bananas. How many
bananas does she have altogether?
3. A truck has 12 wheels. How many wheels are there in 10 such trucks?
4. A crate contains 24 packets of milk. How many packets of milk are there in 10
such crates?
5. There are 24 apples in a basket. How many apples are there in 10 such baskets?

1.4.2 Multiply up to a two-digit number by two-digit
number with and without regrouping
Example
Kamene planted 4 potatoes in one row. How many potatoes did she plant in 12
rows?
Number of potatoes in one row was14
Number of rows were 12
Total number of potatoes planted was 14x 12
14
× 12
28
+140
168
therefore, the total number of potatoes was 168

ASSESSMENT
1. There are 24 apples in a box. How many apples are there in 22 such boxes'.
2. Minibus can carry 52 passengers in one trip. How many passengers can it carry
in eleven trip
3. a pick-up can carry 28 bags of animal feed. How many bags can it carry in
eleven trips?.
4. In a school there were 33 female teachers and 26 male teachers. whats the
total number of teachers in that school.
5. A pen is sold for sh 50.what is the total cost of 32such pens?

1.4.3 Estimate products by rounding off numbers to
the nearest 10 with product not exceeding 1,000
•Example
Moses had 24 cows and 43 goats estimate the product by rounding of each
animals to the nearest 10
24 rounded off to the nearest I0 is 20
43 rounded off to the nearest l0 is 40
Estimate product is 20 x 40 =800

ASSESMENT
1. Joan had bunches of bananas. She sold each bunch for
Sh 55. Find the estimated amount of money she
received.
2. Wema had 23 cartons of mangoes. Each carton
contained 15 mangoes.
3. Chacha spends Sh 45 daily on fare. Estimate the amount
of money he spends on fare in 22 days
4. Moses had 26 pens and 12 pencils. Estimate the the
products by rounding off to the nearest 10

1.4.5 Create patterns involving multiplication
with product not exceeding 100
• Example
What is the next number in pattern ?
The pattern is developed as shown below
6×1=6
6×2=12
12×2=24
24×2=48
• Therefore, the next number in the pattern is 48×2=96

ASSESSMENT
Complete the patterns below.
1 (a)1×3=3
2×3=6
3×3=…
4×3=…
5×3=….
The pattern is 3,6,….,….,…..,…..,…..,
2 whats the next number in each of the patterns below
(a)5,10,15,20,……
(b)12,24,36,48,……
(c)8,16,24,32,…….

1.5 DIVISION
• Divide up to a two-digit number by a one-digit number with and without
remainder
• Relate multiplication of numbers to division of same numbers in different
situations,
• Use digital resources to learn division of numbers,
• Appreciate the use of division in day to day life.

1.5.1 DIVIDE UP TO A TWO-DIGIT NUMBER BY A ONE-
DIGIT NUMBER WITH AND WITHOUT REMAINDER
Example
Atieno bought 16 mangoes. She arranged the
mangoes in groups of 4.How many groups did she
make
16 ÷4=4

ASSESSMENT
1. Mary had 18 bananas. She shared the bananas equally among
her three children. How many bananas did each child get?
2. A teacher had 5l4 books. He shared the books equally among
nine . How many books did each pupil get?
3. Sixty three tree seedlings were planted in rows. Each row had
7 trees. How many rows were there?
4. Wekesa bought 82 bananas. she arranged the banana in
groups of 6.How many groups did she make?

1.5.2 DIVISION OF A 2 DIGIT NUMBER BY 1
NUMBER WITH A REMAINDER
EXAMPLE
Divide 78 by 5
78-50=28…………..50 is 10 groups of 5
28-28=3……………..25 is 5 groups of 5
There are 15 groups of 5 and 3 countess remained
15
5 78
- 50
28
25
3
78÷5=15 remainder 3

ASSESSMENT
1. You have 53 books to place on shelves, with each shelf holding 8
books.
2. There are 78 players who want to form soccer teams, with each
team having 5 players.
3. There are 96 trees to be planted in rows, with each row containing 9
trees.
4. How many books can each classroom receive, and how many books
will remain?
5. There are 67 cookies, and you want to distribute them equally
among 5 friends.

1.5.3RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION
Example
Find the missing number
(a)5×6=30 30÷6=……
(b)6×13=78 78÷6=……
(a)30÷6=5 30÷5=6
(b)78÷6=13

ASSESSEMENT
1. There were 12 mangoes. The mangoes were put in 3 boxes containing
the same number. How many mangoes were in each box?
2. Felix bought 70 tiles. The tiles were put into 7 boxes each holding same
number of tiles. How many tiles were in each box?
3. A mother had 56 guavas. She gave each of her children 8 guavas. How
many children did she have?
4. 32 packets of maize flour were donated to 8 needy families. The familie
received equal number of packets. How many packets did each family
receive?

1.6 Fractions
Showing and writing fractions

Specific outcomes
By the end of the sub strand, the learner should be able to:
•Identify the numerator and denominator in a fraction in different
situations,
•Present a fraction with denominators not exceeding 12 as part of a
whole and as part of a group
•Identify different types of fractions in real life situations,
•Convert improper fractions to mixed fractions in different situations,
• Convert mixed fractions to improper fractions in different contexts, use
digital devices and other resources for learning more on fractions,
• Appreciate application of fractions in real life situations

1.6 IDENTIFY THE NUMERATOR AND DENOMINATOR IN A
FRACTION IN DIFFERENT SITUATION
Example
• (a) 1 (b) 5
2 8
(a)1 is the numerator (b) 5 is the numerator
2 is the denominator 8 is the denominator

ASSESSMENT
1. In a birth day party, b a cake was divided into eight equal parts. Njoroge ate
three of the part. write the numerator of the fraction of the cake eaten by
Njoroge
2. Apiece of sugarcane was cut into five equal parts. james took two of the parts.
write the denominator of the fraction taken by james?
3. Waliaula divided his piece of land into nine equal port. He sold eight of the
plots. He sold eight of the plots. write the numerator of the fraction of the land
did he sell
4. Peter divided his mange in 7 pieces. He gave his friend Moses 3 pieces. write
the denominator of the fraction of the mango did he gave his friend

1.6.3 TYPES OF FRACTION
• Example
Below is a list of fractions
(a)
1
2
, b
11
4
, 𝑐 1
1
3
,
Identify the types of fraction
Solution
(a) is proper fraction-the numerator is lesser than the denominator
(b) is improper fraction-the numerator is bigger than the denominator
(c) is mixed fraction-this is where by a number has a whole number
and a proper fraction

ASSESMENT
1.The list given shows some fraction.
1
1
2
,
3
4
,
5
3
,
3
10
, 2
3
7
,
12
5
,
2.Using number 5,6 and 7 form;
(a) Three proper fractions
(b) Three improper fractions
(c) Three mixed fractions

1.6.4 Converting Improper Fraction to Mixed
Fractions.
• Example
Convert
7
3
into a mixed fractions.
Seven thirds =
7
3
Therefore,
7
3
= 2
1
3
𝑜𝑟 7 ÷ 3 = 2
1
3
=
7
3
= 2
1
3

ASSESSMENT
•Juma has
7
4
toy cars. How toy cars does he have as a mixed
fraction?
•Brian has
5
3
pizza slices, how many pizzas do you have as a
mixed fraction?
•A jump rope is
9
2
feet long. What is the length of the rope as a
mixed fraction?
•Sarah has read
19
3
books. How many books has she read as a
mixed a fraction?

1.6.5 CONVERT MIXED FRACTION TO
IMPROPER FRACTION IN DIFFERENT CONTEXT

ACTIVITY
•Workout in groups proper, improper and
mixed fractions as part of a whole or as part
of a group using paper cut outs or counters.
•Discuss in groups changing of improper
fractions to mixed fractions.

BY THE END OF THE SUB STRAND, THE LEARNER
SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
• Identify a tenth and a hundredth in real life situations,
• Represent decimals using decimal notation in given situations,
• Identify place value of decimals up to hundredths in real life,
• Order decimals up to hundredths in computation
• Use it devices for learning and leisure,
• Appreciate use of decimals in real life situations.

IDENTFY TENTHS AND HUNDRETHS USING DECIMAL
NOTION
(a) Writing Tenths
Example
Write the shaded part as a decimal in the figure below.
The shaded part is
3
10
3
10
= 0.3

(b) WRITING IN HUNDREDTHS
• Example a
• The diagram given, shade
40
100

WRITING IN HUNDREDTHS
Example b
Shaded part is
12
100

ASSESSMENT
1.Write the shaded part as a decimal:
(a) (b)

(B) Showing Hundredths
• Example
(a)
8
100
is eight hundredths (b)
23
100
is twenty three hundredths
23
100
= 0.23
8
100
= 0.08

ASSESSMENT
1. Write the decimal shown by the shaded part:
(a) (b)

ASSESSMENT
2. Write the following as decimals:
(a)
4
100
(b)
15
100
(c)
28
100
(d)
47
100

PLACE VALUE OF DECIMALS
(a) Place Value Of Tenths
●Example
Write the place value of the digits in:
(a) 4.5 (b) 0.8
Place value of each digit
4 ones 5 tenths
0 ones 8 tenths
Decimal Number Ones Tenths
(a) 4.5
(b) 0.8
4
0
8
8

ASSESSMENT
1. Complete:
(a) 123 = 4 hundreds 2 tens 3 ones.
(b) 42 = 4________ 2_______.
(c) 6.5 = ____ ones ____ tenths.
(b) 0.9 = ____ ones ____ tenths.
(d) 0.3 = ____ ones ____ tenths.
(e) 0.5 = ____ ones ____ tenths.
(f) 0.8 = _____ ones _____ tenths.

ASSESSMENT
2. Fill the missing number:
Decimal
number
Tens ones Decimal point Tenths
12.6 _______ _______ ● _______
8.3 _______ ● _______
0.2 _______ ● _______
0.7 _______ ● _______
_______ 6 2 ● 1
_______ 3 ● 8

ASSESSMENT
3. Write the place value of each digit in the number 2.9.
4. What is the place value of the digit 6 in the number 8.6.

Writing Tenths And Hundredths Using Decimal
Notation
(b) Place Value Up To Hundredths
● Example:
What is the place value of each digit in the number 3.12?
The place value of the digit:
3 is ones.
1 is tenths.
2 is hundredths
Number Tens ones Decimal
point
Tenths Hundredths
3.12 0 3 ● 1 2

ASSESSMENT
1. Complete:
(a) 0.25 = ____ ones ____ tenths ____ hundredths
(b) 1.06 = ____ ones ____ tenths ____ hundredths
(c) 5.39 = ____ ones ____ tenths ____ hundredths
2. Write the decimal numbers:
(a) 5 ones 2 tenths 3 hundredths = ______
(b) 3 tens 2 tenths 1 hundredths = ______
(c) 7 ones 0 tenths 8 hundredths = ______

ORDERING DECIMALS
• Ordering tenths from the smallest to the largest.
Examples:
Arrange the decimals 1.5, 0.9, 0.6, 1.2 in order starting with the
smallest to the largest.
0 o.1 o.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.21.31.4 1.5 1.6
The order is: 0.6,0.9,1.2,1.9

ASSESSMENT
Show the numbers 0.7,0.3,0.9,0.5,0.8 on the number below:
0 1.0

ORDERING TENTHS FROM THE LARGEST TO THE
SMALLEST
Arrange from the largest to the smallest:
0.7,1.1,0.8,1.3
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
The order is : 1.3,1.1.0.8,0.7

ASSESSMENT
1. Circle the numbers 0.5,0.9,1.6,1.2 on the number line below.
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3
The order of the numbers from the largest is _____, ______,
_____, ______.

ORDERING HUNDRETHS FROM THE
SMALLEST TO THE LARGEST.
• Example
Write 2.1, 3.08, 0.59,0.99 starting from the smallest to the largest . On
the chart, the numbers are:
The order is: 0.59,0.99,2.1, 3.08
Decimal
number
Ones Decimal Point Tenths Hundredths
2.1 2 0 9
3.08 3 1 2
0.59 0 9 5
0.99 0 7 9

ASSESSMENT
1. Arrange the numbers in the table from the smallest to the largest:
The order is______,______,______,_______.
2. Write the following numbers starting with the smallest to largest:
3.15,3.09,3.25,3.91
Decimal
Numbers
Ones Decimal point Tenths Hundredths
2.09 2 0 9
3.12 3 1 2
0.95 0 9 5
0.79 0 7 9

ORDERING HUNDRETHS STARTING WITH
THE LARGEST TO THE SMALLEST.
• Example
Order the numbers 0.89, 1.75, 0.98, 2.07,1.78 from the largest to the
smallest.
The order is : 2.07,1.78, 1.75,0.98,0.89
Decimal
Number
Ones Decimal point Tenths Hundredths
0.89 0 8 9
1.75 1 7 5
0.98 0 9 8
2.07 2 2 7
1.78 1 7

ASSESSMENT
1. John has Ksh 10 and want to buy items priced at Ksh 0.25, Ksh
0.5, Ksh 0.75, and Ksh1.00, in what order would you buy them
to spend the least amount of money first?
2. Bundocks has three containers holding Milk: one is 0.75 full, one
is 0.5 full, and one is 0.25 full. In what order are they from
fullest to least full?
3. Jayden has three toy cars with prices of Ksh 1.25, Ksh 0.75, and
Ksh 0.50. In what order would you arrange them from the most
expensive to the least expensive?

4.Mary has three bowls of fruit salad. One bowl contains 0.6 pounds
of fruit, another contains 0.45 pounds, and the third contains 0.3
pounds. How would you arrange them from the bowl with the most
fruit to the bowl with the least?
5.You have three envelopes with different amounts of money. One
envelope contains Ksh2.50, another contains Ksh1.75, and the third
contains Ksh1.25. Arrange them from the envelope with the most
money to the envelope with the least.

STRAND 1.0 NUMBERS.pptx cbc for grade 4,

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