1. The document discusses the history and technology of stealth aircraft, including how radar works and early attempts at radar cross-section reduction. 2. Key aspects of stealth aircraft design are shaping the aircraft to scatter radar waves and coating it with radar-absorbing material. 3. While stealth aircraft are invisible to radar and help develop military secrets, they have disadvantages like reduced speed, maneuverability, and payload compared to conventional aircraft. Maintenance is also more expensive.

1. Presented By
VALARMATHI.M
PAVITHRA.K
ECE

2. contents
 Introduction
 History
 Case study :F-117
 Advantages
 Limitations
 Conclusion

3. introduction

4. history
 Stealth technology likely began in
Germany during second world war.
 Later America worked on stealth
technology and succeeded.
 This technique is also been used in ship..

6. BEFORE stealth ,we need to know:
 What is RADAR?
 HOW it works?
 Typical air defense structure of major
countries?

7. What is radar????
 RADAR is acronym for ” Radio detection and
ranging”.
 It was first developed in England in mid 1930
 Later in the WW-2 Germans also exploited
RADAR to gain significant defensive advantage.
 Tactics and techniques applied during World
War -2 opened a new era in air combat in which
survivability of an detection phase.
 After RADAR’s advent ,conditions forced fighter
plane designer for pursuing counter to radar –
based defenses.

8. how radar works?
 The Radar transmit out a short pulse of
electromagnetic radiation .Any object it
encounters reflect that radiation and
percentage of that energy is reflected back
towards the antenna.
 The measurement of the time that pulse takes
to travel out and return to the scanner is
directly proportional to the range of the object
that reflected the pulse.

9. Radar cross-section reduction
 Almost since invention of radar,
various techniques have been tried to
minimize detection.
 Some techniques are
1. Shaping the airframe
2. Radar absorbing material-
R.A.M
3. Plasma stealth

10. Radar stealth technology
o RADAR means “Radio Detecting And Ranging” and
STEALTH means “Avoiding Detection”.
o Whereas ‘Radar stealth technology’ is used to prevent
the detection of aircraft or plane from radar system.

11. Stealth vehicle shape&design
 It should be coated with the Radar absorbing material.
 It’s tail should kept an Acute angle.
 Plane wings has to kept at Angle.
 Design of Nose.
 Stealth aircraft must bury the Engine within the wing or
fuselage.

12. Difference between conventional&stealthaircraft design
 When we are using normal shape
• When we are using stealth technology

13. Radar absorbing material
 Nanostructural composite material
,absorbing without reflection radar ware.
 R.A.M is basically paint with which
external surface are coated with.
 These paint are Magnetic ferrite –based
substance having ingredients dielectric,
such as carbon.
 RAM reduces the radar cross section
making the object appear smaller.

14. Plasma stealth
 In this aircraft injects a steams of ionized gas which
envelope aircraft due which most of Radar waves
absorbed.
 The Russian scientists proposed to create a plasma
formation around protected object.

15. Drawback of plasma stealth
 Amount of power required is high.
 This technology was first tested on
flying models and then on actual
aircraft ,named Russian SU-27IB,and
likely to be the stealth fighter with
this critical technology.

16. advantages
 Stealth aircraft are invisible to radar.
 Results in decrease in safety of plane.
 Develops the military secretes.

17. disadvantage
 Stealth aircraft cannot fly as fast or is not
maneuverable like conventional aircraft.
 Another serious disadvantage with the stealth
aircraft is the reduced amount of payload it can
carry.
 On the other hand a conventional aircraft can carry
much more payload than any stealth aircraft of its
class.
 Maintenance is high

18. COnclusion
I. Stealth technology is step forward towards
achieving invisibility.
II. It is applied in military application so that
aircraft using this technology almost invisible
to radar.
III. It can also used in helicopter ,some example:
A. RAH-66 Comanche
B. Black Hawk .both American