Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Enforcement of Legislation and building a culture of compliance
1. Enforcement of legislation and building a culture of compliance Ireland’s Environment 2008 Meeting the Main Environmental Challenges Kilmainham Friday 28 th November, 2008 All or part of this publication may be reproduced without further permission, provided the source is acknowledged. Mr. Dara Lynott BE, MSc, PE, Ceng, FEI Director
9. Waste - Biodegradable Municipal Waste Based on EPA-ESRI ISus projections Current Position
10. Waste - Gap to Landfill Directive Targets * Distance = BMW – recovery – max limit Year Maximum quantity of untreated BMW allowed to landfill BMW ‘Distance to Objective’ (Gap Analysis) ‘ Standstill’ position (gap) based on 2006 figures Position (gap) based on ISus 8 waste projections 2010 967,000t 455,000t 672,000t 2013 645,000t 777,000t 1,209,000t 2016 451,000t 971,000t 1,603,000t
11. Waste - Future generation and disposal of Municipal Solid Waste
18. Complexity of Regulation - Water Quality - Water Framework Multi - authority POMS Catchment Population Spacial Strategy Drinking Water Water Safety Plans Water service strategic plans UWWTP Licensing Pressures Good water by 2015 Compliant wwtp by 2012 Abstractions Assimilative capacity Available water supplies Water quality Water dependant SAC’s Multi - authority Multi - authority Multi - authority Multi-authority Shellfish Groundwater Public Health Reputation Tourism Bathing water Control of inputs Fisheries Dangerous Substances Nitrates Safe guard zones € Resources € Resources € Resources € Resources Buffer Zones Industry
Notes: The future projections on the MSW generation and disposal are based on a Sustainable Development Research Model for Ireland (ISus). The model has been developed by the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), with financial support from the Environmental Protection Agency. The purpose of this model is to forecast environmental emissions (to air, soil and water) and natural resource use (energy, land, water) until 2025. Version 0.1 of the model used an environmental input-output model to forecast emissions, waste and water use out to 2020 (O’Doherty and Tol, 2007). Currently, the operational version of the model is version 0.2. This version projects emissions to air, energy use and waste generation out to 2025 and is driven by the medium-term scenarios from the Medium-Term Review 2008-2015.
Strategy . Pursue a strategic, rather than piecemeal, approach to law-making for broad environmental policy sectors. Definitions . Provide clear and unambiguous definitions for key terms. Make definitions consistent between laws unless there is good reason for difference. Requirements . Ensure that the requirements of the law are clear, and appropriate to deliver the aims of the legislation. Timeframes . Ensure that timeframes for implementation are clear and practical. Check that the timeframes of different laws fit realistically. Proportionality . Ensure that the requirements of legislation are proportionate to the risks and hazards they address. Reporting . Only require reporting that will support implementation of the law or give useful feedback on its effectiveness. Harmonise reporting requirements across different laws. Revision . Make provision in the law for a simplified process (where the Treaties allow this) to quickly review and revise parts of the law if initial implementation reveals problems of practicability and enforceability.
I will finish with a quote from a book called the “The Regulatory Craft” , by Malcolm Sparrow (2000) “ Regulators, under unprecedented pressure, face a range of demands, often contradictory in nature: be less intrusive – but more effective; be kinder and gentler – but don’t let (them) get away with anything; focus your efforts – but be consistent; process things quicker – and be more careful next time; deal with important issues – but do not stray outside your statutory authority; be more responsive to the regulated community – but do not get captured by industry.” As you can see there are many challenges but we must meet them if we are to deliver effective enforcement of Environmental Legislation.