The document discusses euthanasia, defined as the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable disease or in irreversible coma, and provides an overview of its types, reasons, and legal status in various regions. It highlights the importance of euthanasia as a matter of personal choice and autonomy while presenting arguments for and against it. Additionally, it outlines different forms of euthanasia including voluntary, non-voluntary, passive, and active euthanasia, emphasizing the moral and ethical considerations surrounding the practice.

1. SPECIAL
CONSIDERA TION
ADVANCE DIRECTIVES
EUTHANASIA WILL
DYING DECLARATION
By
Ms. Preeti
SMVDCoN

2. Euthanasia

3. CONTENT
•Euthanasia
•Types
•Reasons
•Places whereEuthanasia
is Legal
•ArgumentsAgainst
Euthanasia
•People effectedwith
differentdiseases

4. INTRODUCTION
• Euthanasia comes from the Greek
words:
Eu (good) and Thanatosis (death) and it
means "Good Death, "Gentle and Easy
Death." This word has come to be usedfor
"mercy killing.
• It is the act or practice of ending a life ofa
person either by a lethal injection or
suspension of medical treatment.
• The word "euthanasia" was first used in a
medical context by Francis Bacon in the
17th century, to refer to an easy, painless,
happy death, during which it was a
"physician's responsibility to alleviatethe
'physical sufferings' of the body

5. Euthanasia DEFINITION
• The painless killing of a patient suffering from an
incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible
coma.
• Mercy killing to prevent a prolonged and painful
death.
• Easy death in relatively painless killing or permitted
of death of a terminally ill reasons of mercy,
sometimes referred to as mercy killing.
• From the Greek “ευθανασία” meaning “good death”.
• It is also known as:
- Physician Assisted Suicide
- Physician Aid in Dying
- Mercy Killing
- Imposed Death
It is currently illegal in most locations.

6. • Unbearable pain
• Right to commit suicide
• People should not be forced to
stay alive
• The frail aged
• Those with dementia
• Survivors of severe head injury
• Those with serious terminal
physical illness
• Those with incurable mental
illness
• Severely impaired children and
adults

7. Typesofeuthanasia
EUTHANASIA
Indirect
Passive
Voluntary
Active
Involuntary
Assisted

8. TYPE OF EUTHANASIA
• 1. voluntary euthanasia -
The person wants to die and says
so. This includes:
Refusing medical treatment
Asking for medical treatment to
be stopped
Asking for life support to be
switched off
 Refusing to eat

9. 2. Non-Voluntary euthanasia -
• The person cannot make a decision or
cannot make their wishes known.
This includes:
 Coma patients
 Child and infant patients
 Severely brain damaged patients
Senile patients
Non-voluntary euthanasia is
conducted when the consent of the
patient is unavailable. Examples
include child euthanasia, which is
illegal worldwide but
decriminalised under certain
specific circumstances in the
Netherlands under the Groningen
Protocol.

10. 3.Indirect euthanasia
• This
treatment
means providing
(usually to reduce
pain) that has the side effect of
speeding the patient's death.
• • Since the primary intention
is not to kill, this is seen by
some people (but not all) as
morally acceptable.
• • A justification along these
lines is formally called the
doctrine of double effect.

11. 4. Involuntary euthanasia -
• The person wants to live but is
killed anyway. This includes:
- patient being refused a
life sustaining treatment
- drugs being too costly
- a limited supply of
organs for a transplant
- patient being on a long
waiting list
Involuntary euthanasia is
conducted against the will
of the patient

12. 5.Active euthanasia -
It is when death is brought
by an act for example
taking a high dose of drugs
Either by oneself or by the
aid of a physician
The medical professionals,
or another person,
deliberately do something
that causes the patient to
die.

13. 6.Passive euthanasia
• the patient dies because themedical professionals either
don't do something necessary
to keep the patient alive, or
when they stop doing
something that is keeping the
patient alive. This includes:
- switching off life-support
machines
- disconnecting thefeeding
tube
- not carrying out a life-
extending operation
-not givingthe patient life-
extending drugs

14. Importance of Euthanasia:

15. Importance o f Euthanasia:
• Shuffle off our responsibility upon the
shoulders of God or nature. We must shoulder
it ourselves. It is our responsibility.” - Arnold
J. Toynbee
• If we are free to make the our own choices of
how to live, we should also be able to make
our own choices of how to die. The power
belongs to the patient.
• Debilitating illnesses, such as cancer, are
currently on the rise. The more people
diagnosed with these illnesses directly
correlates to the number of people faced with
the euthanasia issue.

16. or assisted suicide,is legal in three USNon-active euthanasia,
states;
• Oregon
• Washington
• Montana
• NewHampshireiscurrently consideringabill on assistedsuicide
Active euthanasia, commonly referred simply as euthanasia, is
only legal in:
•the Netherlands
•Belgium
Assisted suicide is also legal in:
•Albania
•Luxembourg

18. Arguments ForEuthanasia:
It provides awayto relieve extremepain
It provides awayof relief when aperson's quality of life islow
Freesup medical funds to help otherpeople
It is another caseof freedomofchoice
ArgumentsAgainstEuthanasia
Euthanasiadevalueshumanlife
Euthanasiacanbecomeameansof health carecostcontainment
Physicians and other medical carepeople should not be involvedin directly
causingdeath
Thereisa"slippery slope" effect that hasoccurred where euthanasia
hasbeenfirst beenlegalizedfor only
the terminally ill and later laws are changedto allow it for other people
or to bedonenon-voluntarily.

19. Cases