The document discusses the importance of proper grounding practices in electrical systems, highlighting that 80% of power quality issues stem from wiring and grounding problems. Key reasons for grounding include personnel safety, noise reduction in sensitive loads, and ensuring low impedance to limit voltage to ground. It also covers configurations for service entrance connections and the benefits of isolated grounds for sensitive loads.

1. Proper grounding practices
S.L.D.Saisree
PVPSIT

2. Main Theme
• To provide proper ground connections to electrical
system. It is commonly stated at power quality
conferences and in journals that 80 percent of all the
power quality problems reported by customers are
related to wiring and grounding problems within a facility.

3. Reasons For grounding
• For personnel safety by avoiding the high touch voltage.
• To avoid noise in the sensitive loads.
• To provide the path for the current to flow to the ground.
• To create an equipotential ground system.
• Sufficiently low impedance to limit the voltage to ground

4. Fig: 1phase load without grounding

6. Service entrance connection

7. Service entrance connection
The primary components of a properly grounded system are found at
the service entrance. The neutral point of the supply power system is
connected to the grounded conductor (neutral wire) at this point. This
is also the one location in the system (except in the case of a separately
derived system) where the grounded conductor is connected to the
ground conductor (green wire) via the bonding jumper. The ground
Conductor is also connected to the building grounding electrode via the
grounding-electrode conductor at the service entrance.
Neutral-ground connection.

8. Fig: Configuration for a service entrance connections

10. Panel board

12. Separately derived systems

13. Fig: Configuration for a separately derived system.

14. • For the separately derived system their should be ground
conductor and it is independent on the service entrance
connection.
• Except for the vehicle mounted generators.
• Examples are solar photovoltaic systems, wind turbines,
and fuel cells, but by far the most common separately
derived systems are supplied by generators and
transformers

15. Isolated ground
• For sensitive loads the isolated ground is preferred.
•The noise performance of the supply to sensitive loads can
sometimes be improved by providing an isolated ground to
the load
•A separate conductor can also be used for the safety
ground in addition to the conduit.
•The isolated ground receptacle is orange in color for
identification purposes.

18. conclusion
Hence by the proper connection of grounding by
avoiding floating panels in the vicinity of the electrical
circuit and by adding least resistance ground conductor
we can avoid the high touch voltages. The equipotential
reference for all devices and locations in the system.