Solid waste management involves collecting, transporting, processing, recycling, or disposing of solid waste materials in a way that is safe for public health and the environment. Improper waste management can cause pollution, spread diseases, and create economic and social problems. The objectives of solid waste management are to reduce waste and toxins, increase recycling, maintain recycling programs, reuse materials, generate energy from waste, and properly dispose of waste. Common methods of managing waste include composting, incineration, and landfilling.

1. Discover, recycle and reuse

2. Solid waste management
“It involves the collection, transport , processing ,
recycling or disposing and monitoring of solid waste
material”

3. Improper management
 Improper disposal Threats public health .Waste
enhances insects growth act as vectors of diseases
(transmit pathogens).
 It leads to terrestrial and aquatic ,air pollution and
water pollution .
 it causes Technical and environmental difficulties ,
economic and social problems

4. Objective for SWM (solid waste
management)
 Reducing the quantity of toxic and hazardous
chemicals and materials acquired, used, or disposed
off by the agency
 Increasing diversion of solid waste as required.
 Maintaining waste recycling programs .
 To Provide efficient and economical way of reuse of
collections through recycling.
 To provide Source for Energy generation
 To Reuse and Recover the materials from waste.

5. TYPES OF WASTES
residential commercial industrial
Municipal solid waste Hazardous waste
agricultural
mining
construction
Municipal solid waste

6. Methods of SWM
 Composting
 Incineration or combustion
 Landfilling

7. Composting
 Composting involves the placement of carcasses
beneath organic materials, which promotes
decomposition at elevated temperatures and destroys
pathogens present in the carcasses”

8. Indoor composting
 It has been widely used by the poultry industry for bird
mortalities.
 Indoor composting is less affected by weather events,
ambient temperatures and seasonality and more
protected from wind, scavengers.

9. Outdoor composting
 It involves placement of carcasses in compost piles that
are long, narrow windrows or trapezoidal shaped and
above ground.
 May affected by weather events, ambient temperatures
and seasonality

10. Procedure:
 Place the carcass (or carcasses) on the bulking agent. If
you’re composting calves or other smaller animals, place
them starting at the back in a single layer, at least six inches
apart.
 Cover the carcass with another 12 inches of bulking agent.
If the bulking agent does not feel moist, add water before
covering the carcass
 Record the species, weight, date, and amount of bulking
material used
 When the first bin is full or the pile is as tall as you can
work with, start a second bin/pile if you have more
mortalities.

11. Incineration
 Waste treatment that involves combustion of
disposible substances at high temperature results in
ash, gases & heat.
 Chemical process :Combustible part is
combined with O2  CO2 + H2O (oxidation)

12. Open type incineration
 Open type incineration involves combustion of solid
material at open field using fuels (diesel, jet fuel,coal,)

13. Close type incineration
 Close type incineration is carried out by close
incinerator by using fuels such as Gas

14. Landfill method
 Ritual act of placing a dead person or animal, and/or
objects into the ground. This is accomplished by
excavating a pit or trench.
 Hazards and toxic substance can be dumped into soil
by landfill method in order to prevents spreading

15. Precautions while selecting site for
landfilling
 Not floody area
 500 feet from residences, livestock facilities and
adjacent pastures owned or leased by another person.
 300 feet from a road.

16. thanks
Conducted by Ali saqlain from Pakistan
As_saqlain@yahoo.com