The document discusses solid waste management, including various types of waste such as municipal, hazardous, industrial, agricultural, and biomedical waste. It outlines the characteristics and effects of these wastes, as well as waste minimization strategies based on the principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of integrated waste management practices to mitigate the negative impacts of waste on the environment and public health.

1. Solid Waste Management

2. Things to discuss
● Introduction to waste and types
● Solid waste
● Types of solid waste
● Effects of solid waste
● Waste management concept
● Solid waste management storage collection waste handling and transport method of
disposal
● Technology
● Zero waste system
● Recommendation

3. Introduction to waste
Waste (or wastes) are unwanted or unusable materials. Waste is any substance which is discarded
after primary use, or is worthless, defective and of no use. A by-product by contrast is a joint
product of relatively minor economic value. A waste product may become a by-product, joint
product or resource through an invention that raises a waste product's value above zero.
Examples include municipal solid waste (household trash/refuse), hazardous waste, wastewater
(such as sewage, which contains bodily wastes (feces and urine) and surface runoff), radioactive
waste, and others.

4. Types of waste
1. Solid Waste
2. Liquid Waste
3. Organic Waste
4. Recyclable Waste
5. Hazardous Waste

5. Solid waste
When you hear the term “solid waste” you probably think it means exactly what it sounds like, a
waste that is solid as opposed to liquid or gas. Interestingly enough though that is not what it
means at all. The legal definition of “solid waste” actually has nothing to do with physical form.
Rather, it deals with whether or not the material is a “waste.”

6. Types of solid waste
1. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
2. Hazardous Waste
3. Industrial Waste
4. Agricultural Waste
5. Bio-Medical Waste
6. Waste Minimization

7. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
The term municipal solid waste (MSW) is generally used to describe most of the non-hazardous
solid waste from a city, town or village that requires routine collection and transportation to a
processing or disposal site. Sources of MSW include private homes, commercial establishments
and institutions, as well as industrial facilities.
Municipal solid waste contains a wide variety of materials. It can contain food waste (like
vegetable and meat material, leftover food, eggshells etc, which is classified as wet garbage as
well as papers, plastic, tetra-packs, plastic cans, newspapers, glass bottles, cardboard boxes,
aluminium foil, meta items, wood pieces, etc., which is classified as dry garbage.

8. Hazardous Waste
Hazardous wastes are those that can cause harm to human and the environment.
Characteristics of Hazardous Waste:
Waste is classified as hazardous if it exhibits any of the four primary characteristics based on physical or
chemical properties of toxicity, reactivity, ignitability and corrosivity.
● Toxic waste
● Reactive waste
● Ignitable waste
● Corrosive waste
● Infectious waste

9. Industrial Waste
These contain more toxicity and requires special treatment.
● Sources of Industrial waste
● Effects of Industrial waste
● Control of Industrial waste

10. Agricultural Waste
❏ Sources of Agricultural Waste
❏ Effects of Agricultural Waste
❏ Management of Agricultural Waste
1. Waste to energy
(i) Gasification
(ii) Paralysis
2. Biogas production

11. Bio-Medical Waste
Bio-medical waste means any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis,
treatment or immunisation of human beings or animals or in research activities
pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biological activities.
● Segregation, Packaging, Transportation and Storage
● Categories of Bio-medical Waste

12. Waste Minimization
Waste production can be minimized by adopting the 3 R’s principle: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.
a. Reduce the amount and toxicity of garbage and trash that you discard.
b. Reuse containers and try to repair things that are broken.
c. Recycle products wherever possible, which includes buying recycled products i.e., recycled paper books,
paper bags etc.
These are processes that involve integrated waste management practices (IWM). They can reduce the
wastes generated by approximately 50%.

13. Effects of solid waste
The effects of toxins in garbage, and the sheer physical mass of its presence, cause concern for
municipalities and waste disposal agencies in many places.
● Land Use
● Toxins
● Methane
● Smell
● Oceans

14. Thank You