Management of solid waste is a major challenge now a days because of industrialization, population and urbanization so that the rate of solid waste is increases. Waste generation creates a problem to environment as well as public health. To minimize this problems proper collection, storage and disposal are important. This paper is review of waste management, it's element and disposal method of waste. Reduce, reuse, recycle this three principal helps for the waste management. Priyanka Pathak | Wani Roshani | Tupe Aboli | Bhadade Rushikesh | Deore Aniket | Jamdade Rohit"Solid Waste Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14433.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/14433/solid-waste-management/priyanka-pathak
Solid waste management is collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases spread by rodents and insects. The tasks of solid-waste management present complex technical challenges. They also pose a wide variety of administrative, economic, and social problems that must
A thorough presentation on Solid Waste Management. Divided in three parts: Overview - covers basic terms and definitions, Managing Solid Waste - discusses some of the treatment methods and finally SWM in India - presents some data and current scenario.
Solid waste management is collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases spread by rodents and insects. The tasks of solid-waste management present complex technical challenges. They also pose a wide variety of administrative, economic, and social problems that must
A thorough presentation on Solid Waste Management. Divided in three parts: Overview - covers basic terms and definitions, Managing Solid Waste - discusses some of the treatment methods and finally SWM in India - presents some data and current scenario.
Solid Waste means solid or semisolid or non-soluble material that includes garbage, refused, sludge and other discarded domestic material, as well as waste from Industrial, Commercial, Agricultural and Mining operations.
United Nation's ambassidor's Presentation on World Environmental DayHammadAwan37
"Join us on World Environmental Day as we embark on a transformative journey towards a sustainable and green future. Our presentation, curated by the esteemed United Nations member, delves into the crucial realms of environmental protection, sustainability, and the promotion of lush greenery for a healthier planet.
This impactful presentation will shed light on the 3Rs method—Reduce, Reuse, Recycle—as a cornerstone for responsible consumption and waste management. Discover innovative techniques and strategies to minimize our ecological footprint and foster a circular economy that ensures the longevity of our precious resources.
Together, let's explore actionable steps to safeguard our environment, mitigate climate change, and create a harmonious balance between human activities and the natural world. This World Environmental Day, be part of the global movement for a greener, more sustainable tomorrow."
Solid waste management is responsibility of us all. Solid waste disposal management is usually referred to the process of collecting and treating and recycling solid wastes. Some of the common solid wastes obtained from these places include glass, rubber waste, plastics, food wastes, wood, paper, metals, cardboard materials, electronics as well as various hazardous wastes. Solid waste refers to any unwanted product in our environment or from our daily items that is not a liquid or gas. The solid wastes on improper disposal affects the environment in many different ways such as the pollution in air, water and soil and the spread of diseases like dysentery, dengue yellow fevers and so on. Vulnerable groups such as children are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Poor waste collection leads to environmental and marine pollution and can block water drains. Resulting flooding and other standing waters in waste items favour cholera and vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. We can significantly reduce the amount of solid waste by following some basic principles of reducing the amount of waste that is created, reusing materials that would otherwise be discarded, by recycling materials and by using recycled materials.
1.Introduction
2.Definition
3.Classification
a) based on source or origin
b) based on nature of waste
#Non hazardous or solid waste
#Hazardous waste
4. Health hazards of accumulated solid waste
The solid waste management term deals with collection and treating and disposal of the solid waste. Day by day the quantity of waste generation is increasing rapidly. Creation of waste is natural by human being but being human it needs proper disposal .The solid waste is ugly in appearance , creates foul odor , creates nuisance and ultimately creates unhygienic conditions Improper management of solid waste leads to unhygienic conditions which results in spread of diseases Nobody wants to discuss and care about solid waste . We should come forward for the discussions and finding appropriate solution for proper and effective management of the waste nowadays it is a duty of everybody to monitor the rate of generation of waste. Not only the concerned local body should be responsible for waste management, but it is our responsibility too .We may contribute in minimizing the waste. So to prevent the public health it is necessary to start the waste management from own. This article discusses the origin, varieties ,per capita generation of the waste , role of individual and proper management of the waste .Coordination of local bodie ,social organizations and the public will result in proper management of the waste and helps in achieving the goals like clean city, smart city, and ‘Swachcha Bharat’.
Citation: Bharat Gidde, Pimpri Chinchwad Polytechnic Pune. "Solid Waste Management a need of Time." Global Research and Development Journal For Engineering 34 2018: 15 - 18.
The term ‘waste’ has a different meaning for different people. In general, Waste is any form of liquid, semi-liquid, solid, or gaseous material which is no longer serves the purpose for which it was originally intended. Solid wastes are all the wastes arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and are discarded as useless or unwanted. However, ‘unwanted’ is subjective, as it could be of value for another person under different circumstances or even in a different culture. From the days of primitive society, humans and animals have used the resources of the earth to support life and dispose of wastes.
The growing population and their changing consumption patterns have made Solid Waste Management a serious environmental and social problem. This situation has further become complex as domestic waste, market waste, industrial waste, agricultural and hazardous waste and other types of waste including both degradable and non-degradable particles get mixed in the mainstream of the municipal solid waste. Failure to segregate waste at the source has created the need for alternate methods. Drum–Sieve segregator is one such alternative for segregation, which similar to conventional processes segregate the non-decomposable from the decomposed particles through a sieve. The Drum-Sieve segregator is an approach to provide the segregation at lower power requirements, unlike conventional processes which are bulky and require larger space and power for operation. The Drum-sieve segregator is aimed to be used in cities where space for huge plants for operation is scarce. And hence it is designed to be compact and efficient. Drum-Sieve segregator is primarily aimed for segregating plastic from Organic waste, which is the final separated product obtained that can used a natural fertilizers. Unlike traditional segregating systems, the proposed model is smaller, easy to maintain and absorbs less power. It is mobile, and eliminates the need for manual feeding and cleaning of impurities.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
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Solid Waste Management
1. @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com
ISSN No: 2456
International
Research
Solid Waste Management
Priyanka Pathak1
, Wani Roshani
Deore Aniket
Department of Civil Engine
Kondh
ABSTRACT
Management of solid waste is a major challenge now
a days because of industrialization, population and
urbanization so that the rate of solid waste is
increases. Waste generation creates a problem to
environment as well as public health. To minimize
this problems proper collection, storage and disposal
are important. This paper is review of waste
management, it’s element and disposal method of
waste. Reduce, reuse, recycle this three
helps for the waste management.
Keywords: Solid Waste Management, Environmental
Issue, Reduce, Reuse, Public Health.
INTRODUCTION
Solid waste are all the wastes arising from human and
animal activities that are normally solid and that are
discarded as useless or unwanted. Solid waste is a
material that is not useful and does not represent
economic value to its owner. Now a day’s population
is increasing, generation rate of waste is increasing.
Human activities create waste and the ways that waste
is handled, stored , collected , and disposal are to be
risk to the environment and public health .Solid waste
is mainly generated from houses ,commercial,
industrial , and hospital etc. It is an unwanted material
left from the different process. Solid waste comprises
of plastic, paper, glass, rags, food items and vegetable
etc. It is continuously rising because of urbanization,
income growth and changing life style and food
habits.
Solid waste management from generation to disposal
can be grouped into six functional elements such as
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development (IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
Solid Waste Management
, Wani Roshani2
, Tupe Aboli2
, Bhadade Rushikesh
Deore Aniket2
, Jamdade Rohit1
1
Assistant Professor, 2
Student
Department of Civil Engineering, Sinhgad Academy of Engineering
Kondhwa Budruk, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Management of solid waste is a major challenge now
because of industrialization, population and
urbanization so that the rate of solid waste is
increases. Waste generation creates a problem to
environment as well as public health. To minimize
this problems proper collection, storage and disposal
ant. This paper is review of waste
management, it’s element and disposal method of
Reduce, reuse, recycle this three principal
Solid Waste Management, Environmental
Solid waste are all the wastes arising from human and
animal activities that are normally solid and that are
discarded as useless or unwanted. Solid waste is a
material that is not useful and does not represent
a day’s population
is increasing, generation rate of waste is increasing.
Human activities create waste and the ways that waste
is handled, stored , collected , and disposal are to be
risk to the environment and public health .Solid waste
ted from houses ,commercial,
industrial , and hospital etc. It is an unwanted material
left from the different process. Solid waste comprises
rags, food items and vegetable
etc. It is continuously rising because of urbanization,
ncome growth and changing life style and food
Solid waste management from generation to disposal
can be grouped into six functional elements such as
Waste generation, Storage, Collection, Transfer and
transport, Processing and recovery,
Figur A)flowchart of funtional element in
waset management
Waste generation:-
The quantity and characteristics of
varying from place to place . factors that affect the
generation of waste are population, social behavior,
climate, industrial production, changing life style and
the market for waste materials.
Storage:-
The handing, processing of solid waste at sources
before there collected is the second of the six
functional elements in solid waste management
system. The factors that must be considered in the
onsite storage of solid waste includes
1. Type of container to be used.
2. The container location.
3. Public health and aesthetics.
4. Collection methods to be used.
Waste Generation
Storage
Collection
Transfer and
transport
Disposal
Jun 2018 Page: 1666
6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 2 | Issue – 4
Scientific
(IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
, Bhadade Rushikesh2
,
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering,
Collection, Transfer and
transport, Processing and recovery, Disposal.
Figur A)flowchart of funtional element in solid
waset management
The quantity and characteristics of solid waste
varying from place to place . factors that affect the
generation of waste are population, social behavior,
climate, industrial production, changing life style and
the market for waste materials.
The handing, processing of solid waste at sources
before there collected is the second of the six
onal elements in solid waste management
system. The factors that must be considered in the
onsite storage of solid waste includes
Type of container to be used.
The container location.
Public health and aesthetics.
Collection methods to be used.
Waste Generation
Storage
Collection
Processing
and Recovery
Disposal
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 1667
Collection
The waste are separated and collected at one place
and after that they are transported for the further
process.
Transfer and Transport
Those activities are carried out as Transfer of waste
from the smaller collection vehicle to the larger
transport equipment and the subsequent transport of
waste, usually over long distance, to the disposal site.
Transfer and transport operation become a necessity
when haul distances to available disposal site or
processing center increase to the point that direct
hauling is no longer economical feasible.
Processing and Recovery:-
Those techniques, equipments and facilities passed for
both to improve the capacityof the other functional
element and to recover usable material, conversion
products, or energy from solid waste.
Disposal:-
Disposal on or in the earth mantle is, at present, the
only viable method is land filling. Land filling is
method of disposal used most commonly for
municipal waste; land filling and deep-well injection
have been used for industrial waste. Although
incineration is often considered a disposal method, it
is, in reality, a processing method.
There is various method of disposal as follow:
OPEN DUMPING
It is an uncovered area where people use to through
their waste without taking any care of environment is
known as an open dump. This method is less
expensive and skilled labors are not required. This
method has also disadvantages of health hazard,
ground water pollution.
OCEAN DUMPING
All the waste material generated from factories and
industries, radioactive waste are disposed into the
ocean or sea. This is very costly process and not
environment friendly and also effect on aquatic life.
INCINERATION
This method involves burning of solid wastes at high
temperatures until the wastes turned into ashes. It is
made in such a way that they do not give off extreme
amounts of heat when burning solid wastes. It reduces
the volume of waste up to 20 original volumes. Or
30% of original volume.
VERMICOMPOSTING
A wide range of organic residues, such as straw, husk,
leaves; stalks, weeds, etc can be converted into
vermin compost. Other potential feedstock for vermin
compost production are livestock wastes , poultry
litter, dairy wastes, food processing waste, organic
fraction of MSW , digest from biogas plants etc.
Earthworms demolish organic wastes and reduce the
volume by 40-60%. Each earthworm weight about
0.5-0.6 gm, eats waste equivalent to its body weight
and produces cast equivalent to about 50% of waste it
consume in daily. The moisture content of casting
ranges between 32 and 66% and pH range is around 7.
BIOMETHANATION
Biomethanation is process by which organic material
is microbiologically converted under anaerobic
condition to biogas. The solid waste from agro based
industries have high organic content and hence its
treatment by the process of biomethanation is most
practicable as it produces useful product like biogas
and enriched manure. This process consisting of two
stages acidification and meth nation. It has strong
potential for the production of energy for organic
residue and wastes. It will help to reduce the fossil
fuels and thus reduce Co2 emission.
PYROLYSIS
Pyrolysis is a thermo chemical conversion process
where a solid fuel is heated in absence of an oxidizing
agent. Pyrolysis as a conversion process, yields 3
products gas mixture, liquid, a solid residue. Two
techniques exist and differ on method on its transfer:
fast pyrolysis is production of bio oil and slow
pyrolysis is production of charcoal.
Figure B)Pyrolysis Process Diagarm
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 1668
SANITARY LANDFILL
The purpose of landfill is to dispose the garbage in
such a way that it will be isolated from ground, will
be keep dry as it is not in direct contact with air or
moisture . The main aim of this process is to keep
away all the garbage from the people but does not
allow it to decompose quickly. Sanitary Landfill is
one of its types. Sanitary landfills are sites where the
waste is isolated from the environment until it is safe.
The waste is considered safe when the degradation is
complete in physical, chemical and biological terms.
In high-income countries, the level isolation achieved
may be high but it is not necessary to spend so much
money on technicalities in order to protect people
from diseases. Four factors should be considered
before selecting a site for a sanitary landfill
Figure C) Sanitary Landfill
LITERATURE REVIEW
Mr. Kadam and Mr. S. s. sarawade (March 2016)
studied and analyzed of Solid waste management
challenges and options for treatment (Indian
Villages). The paper focused on the disposal of
SOLID WASTE in Indian villages. SW increases due
to agricultural waste, domestic waste. Depending on
physical state of waste it is categories in to Municipal
Waste, hazardous waste, medical waste, radioactive
waste. Basically VSW is divided into four types dry
waste, weight waste, raw waste, medical waste, VSW
consist of organic and inorganic waste. Technical
option available for processing they are based on
either bio conversion or thermal conversion. paper
focused on various option for treatment of village
solid waste such as recycling, aerobic, anaerobic
composting is the traditional method.
Mr. Krishna Kumar Yadav, Mr. Vinit Kumar
(April2016).This paper focused on the ‘A review on
current status of municipal solid waste management in
India’ Municipal Solid Waste is combination of
households and commercial waste which is generated
from living authorities. Solid waste which is
generated in Indian cities has to be increased 6 million
tons in 1947 to 48 million tons in 1997and to 90
million tons in 2009 and it is expected to increase 300
million tons by 2047. The relative percentage of
organic waste in municipal solid waste is increases
with decreasing the socio – economic status, therefore
rural household generate the more organic waste than
urban households. This paper studies the general
characteristics of Indian mega cities and their solid
waste management (Chennai, Delhi ,Kolkata ,
Mumbai ) and also discuss the flow chart of MSW
management process. Study the treatment and
disposal of municipal solid waste management, only
6% - 7% of the MSW is converted into compost in
India rest of the waste is disposed of by land filling.
New disposal technique are studied Bio-meth nation
and Pyrolysis. At Luck now in December 2003 MSW
power project is conducted based on the high – rate
biomethanation technology. The plant is designed for
500- 600 tons of MSW every day from luck now city.
Mr. Parag S. Dawane and Prof. Sagar M. Gawande
(2015) studied and analyzed Solid waste management
– A Review. according to his study generation of
waste increasing with increasing population ,
industrialization and urbanization etc. Due to rise in
solid waste health problem can also be rise in day by
day. In Indian cities like Delhi and Mumbai are
generating mare than 5000 MT of waste per day .This
waste is creating a problem to public health.
Mr. G. S. Jadhav, K. R. Takale , N. R. Kokane(April
2015) Studied and analyzed ‘Present status of SWM
in Bhor, Pune, India : Practices and Challenges’. This
paper gives an overview of current SWM practices in
Bhor town, sub urban area Maharashtra, India and
suggest solution on some of the major problems.
Approximately 5.96 tons/day of solid waste are
generated in municipal council area. The
recommended system with maximizing recycling and
minimizing land filling of municipal solid waste. The
vermi composting or energy recovery become as a
suitable alternative as final treatment process to the
organic fraction. The objective is to analyze some of
the strengths and deficiencies in the current MSW
management system in Bhor and propose feasible
solution.
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 1669
CONCLUSION
As the waste increases with population so that plan of
waste management is based on the population
forecasting. Because of not proper collection of waste
so many health problems are arises so, to create
people awareness is important. Proper collection,
storage and disposal of waste minimize the impact of
waste and improve the quality of life.
REFERENCES
1) Municipal solid waste (Management and
Handling)rules 2000.
2) Parag S. dawane and Prof. Sagar M.
Gawande(2015) solid waste management –A
review International Journal of current Reasearch
vol. 7, Issue, 05, pp.16019-16024, May, 2015
3) M. S. Kadam and S. S. Sarawade (2016) study and
analusis of SWM challenges and option for
treatment (Indian villages) IOSR Journal of
Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSRJMCE)e-
ISSN :2278-1684, p-ISSN:2320-334X PP15-22
4) Rode, Sanjay(2011) Integrated approach to solid
waste management in pune city.at
http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/32137/ MPRA
Paper No.32137
5) Sonam Sahu, Dr. Sindhu J. Nair, Pankaj Kumar
Sharma Review on Solid Waste Management
practice in INDIA: A State of Art. International
Journal of Innovative Research and Development,
ISSN 2278-0211(Online)
6) G.S .Jadhav , K.R.Takale, N.R.Kokane,
P.D.Bhilare, A.B.Sondkar, S.V.Kank. Present
States Of Solid Waste Management in Bhor,
Pune,India: Practices and Challenges.
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Science, Engineering and Technology(An ISO
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7) Neha Gupta, Krishana Kumar Yadav, Vinit
Kumar Ydav A Review On Current States Of
Muncipal Solid Waste Management India. Journal
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10.1016/J.JES.2015.01.034
8) Priyanka Pathak, Khushboo Kumari, Besha
Bodavala Mitigation Of Environmental Pollution
By A Sanitary Landfill A Review International
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ISSN :2320-8163,www,ijtra.com Vol. 4, issue
3(May-June,2016), PP.206-209
9) HOWARD S.PEAVY,DONALD R. ROWE
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING BOOK
