Solid waste disposal methods were presented. Solid waste is defined as useless and unwanted solid products from human activities. There are eight main sources of solid waste including municipal, industrial, and medical wastes. Sewage consists of wastewater from homes and businesses. Common solid waste disposal methods presented included sanitary landfills, incineration, and composting. Sanitary landfills involve burying waste in trenches where microorganisms break it down over time. Incineration reduces waste volumes but has high costs. Composting separates organic waste which can be used as fertilizer.

1. Presentation Topic:
SOLID WASTE
Presentator: Faisal Waseem
Faculty: Sir Laung Khan
Session:2k22-2k25
CON SIR C.J IPBS HYDERABAD

2. At the end of this presentation, the learners will be able to:
 Define Refuse/Solid waste .
 Describe Sewage
 Explain methods of disposal of Solid waste.
 References

3.  The useless and unwanted products in the solid state
derived from the activities and discarded by society.
 It is produced either by-product of production
processes or arise form the domestic or commercial
sector when objects or materials are discarded after
use.
 Solid waste is useless and sometimes hazardous
material with low liquid content.

4.  Solid waste includes solids or semisolids, non-soluble
materials, such as municipal garbage, agricultural and
animal husbandry operations refuse, demolition
waste, industrial and commercial waste, and mining
residues.

5.  Eight main sources of solid wastes are as follows:
1. Municipal solid wastes
2. Industrial Solid Wastes
3. Mining solid wastes
4. Fertilizers
5. Pesticides and Biocides
6. Excretory products of humans and livestock
7. Electronic wastes
8. Hospital Wastes.

6.  Sewage is a type of wastewater that is produced by a
community of people.
 It is typically transported through a sewer system.
Sewage consists of wastewater discharged from
residences and from commercial, institutional and public
facilities that exist in the locality.

7.  Wastewater comes from ordinary
living processes: bathing, toilet
flushing, laundry, dishwashing,
etc.
 It comes from residential and
domestic sources. Commercial
wastewater comes from non-
domestic sources, such as beauty
salon, furniture refinishing,
musical instrument cleaning, or
auto body repair shops.

9.  Solid waste disposal management is usually referred to
the process of collecting and treating solid wastes.
 It provides solutions for recycling items that do not
belong to garbage or trash.
 Solid waste management can be described as how solid
waste can be changed and used as a valuable resource.

10. 1) Solid Waste Open Burning
2) Sea dumping process
3) Solid wastes sanitary landfills
4) Incineration method
5) Composting process
6) Disposal by Ploughing into the fields
7) Disposal by hog feeding
8) Salvaging procedure
9) Fermentation
10) Biological digestion

11. 1. Solid Waste Open Burning:
Solid waste open burning is not the perfect method in
the present scenario.
2. Sea Dumping Process
This sea dumping process can be carried out only in
coastal cities. This is very costly procedure and not
environment friendly.

12. 3. Solid wastes sanitary landfills
× Solid wastes sanitary landfills process is simple, clean
and effective.
× In this procedure, a deep trench of 3 to 5 m is
excavated and micro-organisms act on the organic
matter and degrade them.

13. 4. Incineration method
× Incineration method is suitable for combustible
refuse.
× High operation costs and construction are involved
in this procedure.
× It can be used to reduce the volume of solid wastes
for land filling

14. 5. Composting process:
× Composting process is similar to sanitary land-filling and
it is popular in developing countries.
× Decomposable organic matter is separated and
composted in this procedure.
× They can be used as a base for fertilizers.

15. 6. Disposal by Ploughing into the fields
× Disposal by ploughing into the fields are not commonly
used.
× These disposals are not environment friendly in general.

16. 7. Disposal by hog feeding
Refuse is ground well in grinders and then fed into
sewers. Disposal of residual refuse

17. 8. Salvaging procedure
 Materials such as metal, paper, glass, rags, certain
types of plastic and so on can be salvaged,
recycled, and reused.

18. 9. Fermentation:
Fermentation is the process of sugars being broken
down by enzymes of microorganisms in the absence of
oxygen.

19. 10. Biological digestion
Biodegradable wastes are converted to compost and
recycling can be done whenever possible. Hazardous
wastes can be disposed using suitable methods.

20.  https://www.biologydiscussion.com/articles/8-main-
sources-of-solid-wastes/5473
 https://www.pulpandpaper-
technology.com/articles/types-of-solid-waste-disposal-
and-management

21. For Concentration
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