This document discusses software concepts, computer language classification, and compilers vs interpreters. It defines system software and application software, and provides examples of each. It also classifies programming languages as high-level vs low-level, and lists some common examples. Finally, it explains what compilers and interpreters are, how they differ, and provides examples of compiled and interpreted languages.

1. Software Languages
and Devices

2. Contents of the presentation:
• Software concepts: Application Software, System Software
• Language Classification
• Compilers and interpreters

3. Software concepts
Software refers to the set of instructions fed in form of programs to
govern the computer system and process the hardware components.
Example: The antivirus is a type of Software.
Software
System Software Application Software
Operating Support System General Application
System System Development Purpose Specific

4. Application Software
• Application software (application or app)
is a program or group of programs
designed for end-users.
• While system software consists of low-
level programs that interact with
computers at a basic level.
• Application software may be bundled
with system software or published alone.

5. Types of application software
• Application Suite: Have multiple applications
bundled together. Related functions, features
and user interfaces interact with each other.
• Enterprise Software: Addresses an
organization’s needs and data flow in a huge
distributed environment.
• Enterprise Infrastructure Software: Provides
capabilities required to support enterprise
software systems

6. Types of application software
• Information Worker Software: Users create and manage information
for individual projects within departments. Eg. (Office, Excel, Word,
PowerPoint, Outlook, etc.)
• Content Access Software: Used to access content and addresses a
desire for published digital content and entertainment. Eg. Media
Players, Web Browsers, Help browsers and Games
• Educational Software: Provides content intended for use by students.
Eg. Graphic software, Tutorial Software
• Media Development Software: Addresses individual needs to generate
and print electronic media for others to consume. Eg. VLC, GOM,
Media player, Winamp

7. System Software
• A type of computer program designed to
run a computer’s hardware and
application programs.
• It is very important for working of PC.
• The operating system (OS) is the best
example of system software.
• Example – Windows 98, Windows 95,
Windows XP, Solaris, Vista, etc.

8. Network software
• Network software encompasses a broad
range of software used for the design,
implementation, and operation and
monitoring of computer networks.
• Traditional networks were hardware-
based with software embedded.

9. Functions of Network Software
• Helps to set up and install computer networks.
• Enables users to have access to network resources in a
seamless manner.
• Allows administrations to add or remove users from
the network.
• Helps to define locations of data storage and allows
users to access data.
• Helps administrators and security system to protect
the network from data breaches, unauthorized access
and attacks on a network.
• Enables network virtualizations

10. Classification of Computer Languages
Programming language
A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to write
programs that control the behaviour of a machine, particularly a computer.
There are two levels of language:
1. High-level programming language: These languages are normal, English
like. Easy to understand statements to pass the instruction to the computer.
It offers: ● Readability ● Easy Debugging ● Portability ● Easy software
Development
Example: – BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN, PASCAL, and C.

11. 2. Low-level programming language
Low-level programming languages are
sometimes divided into two categories:
• Machine Language: Machine Language is
the only language that is directly
understood by the computer.
• It does not need any translator program.
• Assembly Language: It uses only letters
and symbols. Programming is simpler and
less time consuming than machine
language programming.
• It is easy to locate and correct errors in
Assembly language.

12. Other types of languages
• System languages: Designed for low-level tasks, like memory and process
management
• Scripting languages: These tend to be high-level and very powerful
• Domain-specific languages: These are only used in very specific contexts
• Visual languages: Languages that are not text-based
• Esoteric languages: Languages that are jokes or are not intended for
serious use Language is a means of communication.
• Normally every language has its grammatical rules; similarly, every
computer language is bound by rules known as the SYNTAX of the
language.

13. Compilers and Interpreters in Computer
Compilers
• Besides the application software and the
system software, there is a third kind of
software called the compiler software.
• A compiler is a system program that
translates source code (user-written program)
into object code (binary form).
• It is 5-25 times faster than an interpreter.
• Example:- C & C++ are most popular compiled
language.

14. Interpreter
• An Interpreter is a contrast to a compiler,
analyzes & executes the source code line-
by – line without looking at the entire
program.
• It is a slow process.
• It is used in the FORTRAN program.
• Ex- JavaScript & VBScript are interpreted
language.