The document discusses different types of computer software. It defines software and explains that there are four main classifications: system software, application software, utilities, and packages. It provides details on different types of system software like operating systems, assemblers, compilers, and interpreters. Operating systems act as an interface between the user and hardware and control the flow of signals in the computer. Assemblers and compilers translate programs to machine language. [/SUMMARY]

1. Computer software
By Sangay Tempa

2. Introduction
• Computer consists of hardware and software
for its proper functioning
• Hardware represents the physical components
of the computers that can be touched and
seen

3. Software
• Is a set of computer programs, procedures and
associated documentation related to effective
operation of a computer system.
• A set of instructions that performs a particular
task is called a programs.
• The instruction in a program direct the
computer to perform input operations,
process the data and output the results.

4. Classification of software
1. System software
2. Application software
3. Utilities
4. Packages

5. System software
• Is a set of one or more programs that are
basically designed to control the operation of
a computer system.
• System software are further classified as
I. Operating systems
II. Assemblers
III. Compilers
IV. Interpreters

6. Operating system
• Operating system is a program that acts as an interface
between a user and hardware
• Is a master control program that runs the computer.
• Controls the flow of signals from cpu to various parts of
the computer
• When the computer is started operating system si the
first program loaded into the computer memory.
Eg. MS-DOS, windows, linux

7. Assemblers
• Translate assembly language to a machine
language program

8. Compilers
• Which translate high level language to and
machine language
• Goes through entire program and then
translate entire program to machine code
• Reports errors along with the line number

9. Types of language
• MACHINE LANGUAGE :- the language of 0s and
1s is called as machine language. The machine
language is system independent because there
are different set of binary instruction for different
types of computer systems .
• ASSEMBLY LANGUAGES: it is low level
programming language in which the sequence of
0s and 1s are replaced by mnemonic (ni-monic)
codes. Typical instruction for addition and
subtraction .
• Example :- ADD for addition , SUB for subtraction
e

10. • HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE :- high level
languages are English like statements and
programs . Written in these languages are
needed to be translated into machine
language before to their execution using a
system software compiler .

11. Interpreter
• Translates one statement of high level
language into a machine language
• Is a small program compare to the compliers
• Compliers are faster the interpreter
• Object program produced by the compliers is
save permanently but it is not save with
interpreter

12. Application software
• Is a computer program designed to help the
user in performing a certain type of work.
• eg. Movie maker software is meant for movie
editing

13. Utilities
• Is a program designed to perform
maintenance work on the system
components.
• Eg. Disk maintenance, virus scanner,

14. Packages
• Is a computer application consisting of one or
more programs created to perform a
particular task.
• Eg. Word processing packages(ms-word, word
star), spreadsheets packages(lotus 123, ms
excel)

15. Operating system-MS Windows

16. Introduction
• Operating system is a program that acts as an
interface between a user and hardware.
• Is like instructors.
• The user orders/requests the operating
system
• Operating serves them or decide

17. Goals of an operating system
• Provide friendly interface between the user
and the computer
• Efficiently used the computer resources