A’ la Carté,Table d’ Hôte, original menu, According to the Card”, Table of the Host, STATIC MENU , Du jour menu, Plat du Jour, Plate of the day, CYCLIC MENU, BREAKFAST MENUS, BRUNCH MENUS, LUNCH MENUS, DINNER MENUS, SNACK MENUS, Children’s menus, Diet menus
This presentation is related to Food & Beverage Industry. It is very beneficial for the students of Hotel Management course & for the newly enters in the field of Hotel & Hospitality Industry.
A’ la Carté,Table d’ Hôte, original menu, According to the Card”, Table of the Host, STATIC MENU , Du jour menu, Plat du Jour, Plate of the day, CYCLIC MENU, BREAKFAST MENUS, BRUNCH MENUS, LUNCH MENUS, DINNER MENUS, SNACK MENUS, Children’s menus, Diet menus
This presentation is related to Food & Beverage Industry. It is very beneficial for the students of Hotel Management course & for the newly enters in the field of Hotel & Hospitality Industry.
1.1 identify the type of accounting
1.2 difference between Cost Accounting , Cost Accountancy and Costing
1.3 understand the Management information needs
1.4 identify the objectives of cost accounting
1.5 difference between Cost Accounting Vs. Financial Accounting
1.6 identify the role of cost accountant
Introduction of costing , its elements & cost sheetKamlesh Shinde
Basically presentation is based on the costing , its various elements, their classification and the illustration on a simple cost sheet and Estimated Cost sheet. It is very useful to beginners in cost accounting , B.Com and M.com Students.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2. Cost
From a seller’s point of view, cost is amount of money that is spent to
produce a good or product.
If a producer were to sell his products at the production price, his costs
and income would break even, meaning that he would not lose money on
the sales. However, he would not make a profit.
From a buyer’s point of view, cost of a product is also known as price. This
is the amount the seller charges for a product, and it includes both
production cost and mark-up, which is added by seller in order to make a
profit.
3. Material Cost 30%
Labour Cost 30%
Overhead Cost 20%
Net Profit 20%
TotalCost80%
Sales100%
Elements of Cost
The cost of operating a catering unit or department is
usually analysed under three headings of elements of cost:-
4. • Material Cost – cost of food and beverage consumed and the cost of additional
items such as tobacco. (Note: cost of any food and beverage provided to staff in
form of meals is added to labour cost)
The food cost is then calculated by the formula:
opening stock + purchase cost – closing stock – cost of staff meals = material cost
• Labour Cost – wages and salaries paid to all employees, plus any employer
contribution to government taxes, bonuses, staff meals, pension fund, etc.
• Overhead Cost – all costs other than material and labour costs, Eg. rent,
insurance, depreciation, repairs, printing and stationery, china and glassware,
and capital equipment.
5. Classification of Cost
1. Fixed Costs: Remain fixed irrespective of the volume of sales, E.g. rent, salary,
rates and insurance.
2. Semi-Fixed Costs: Contain a fixed and variable cost element, for example, charge
for a post paid mobile service contains a fixed cost for rental of each phone and a
variable cost depending on number of phone calls made.
3. Variable Costs: Vary in proportion to the volume of sales, for example, food and
beverage cost.
4.Total costs: This is the sum of above three costs involved.
6. Budget
“In a business or organization budget represents
an estimate of costs and revenues for a time
period.”
“A formal statement of financial resources set
aside for carrying out specific activities in a
given period of time.”
It helps to co-ordinate activities of organisation.
For example an advertising budget or sales
budget.
7. Types of Budget
a) Sales budget: A financial plan which shows how the
maximum utilization of resources should be allocated
to achieve forecasted sales.
b) Production budget: Tells business owner how many
units of product to produce to meet sales needs and
ending inventory requirements.
There are three parts of production budget:
• direct materials purchases budget,
• direct labour budget and,
• overhead budget.
8. c) Raw materials and purchasing budget: Refers to the procedure of
preparing material or purchase budget for a specified time period. it
helps in estimating material prices and analyses requirement.
d) Labour budget: A budget created by a business, company,
organization or form of unity government for complete number of
employees that are employed.
e) Cash budget: A cash plan for a defined period of time. It summarises
monthly receipts and payments. Hence, it highlights monthly surpluses
and deficits of actual cash.
9. Characteristics of a budget
A good budget is characterized by the following:
· Participation: involve as many people as possible in drawing up a budget.
· Comprehensiveness: embrace the whole organisation.
· Standards: base it on established standards of performance.
· Flexibility: allow for changing circumstances.
· Feedback: constantly monitor performance.
· Analysis of costs and revenues: this can be done on the basis of product lines,
departments or cost centres.
10. Objectives of Budgetary Control:
• Compel for planning: Management is forced to look ahead, setting of targets,
anticipating problems and giving direction to the organization.
• Communication of ideas & plans: In order to make sure that each person is
aware of what he is supposed to do, it is necessary that there is a formal system.
• Coordinating the activities: Co-ordinates the activities of different departments
of the organization.
• Motivating employees: Motivates employees for improving their performances.
• Establishing a system of control: A system of control can be established by
having a plan and a progressive comparison can be made of actual results.
11. Advantages of budget and budgetary control
• Provides an overall picture of result expected from proposed plan of operations.
• It serves as a guide to various executives who are responsible for various
departments of hotel.
• Maximizing efficiency which is achieved by avoiding wastage and loss of
manpower and materials.
• Budgetary control ensures co-ordination and control.
• Helps to monitor performance since failure to achieve the budgeted forecast
will be a measure of the overall performance for the hotel and its employees.
12. Essentials of Budgetary Control:
There are certain steps which are necessary for successful implementation of
budgetary control system:
1. Organization for Budgetary Control
2. Budget Centres
3. Budget Manual
4. Budget Officer
5. Budget Committee
6. Budget Period
7. Determination of Key Factor
13. Key Factors of Budget & Budgetary Control
A key factor (limiting factor or governing factor) limits or
governs whole process of budget preparation.
• Sales Volume
• Seating Capacity
• Management Policies
• Availability of Raw Materials
• Labour – Skills and availability
• Condition of Market
It is, therefore, necessary to consider what possible key factors
may influence the business operation before preparing budget.
14. Break-even analysis
The break-even point (BEP) or break-even level represents sales or revenue that is
required to cover total costs, consisting of both fixed and variable costs.
Profit at the break-even point is zero.
Advantages of Break-even analysis:
1. Profit planning
2. Product planning
3. Activity planning
4. Lease decisions
5. Make or buy decisions
6. Distribution channel decisions
7. Price decisions
8. Choosing promotion mix
9. Decision regarding profitability of products or department.