The document discusses sociometry, which is defined as the study and measurement of relationships within groups. It describes key aspects of sociometry including its origins, purposes, types (research and applied), uses, limitations, criteria, process, and techniques. The main techniques discussed are sociograms, sociometric tests, the guess-who technique, and social distance scales. Sociometry provides a way to understand group structures and dynamics in order to improve relationships, group work, and learning outcomes.

3. GRACIOUS COLLEGE OF NURSING
ABHANPUR RAIPUR C.G

5. INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION

6. INTRODUCTION
• The word Sociometry comes from Latin word “Socius,”-
Partner/Friend/Companion and “Metrum,”- meaning Measure.
• As these roots imply ,sociometry is a way of measuring the
degree of relatedness among people.
•  Term--coined by J.L.Moreno
 Term--coined by J.L.Moreno
•  A quantitative method for measuring social relationships.
• Study of interpersonal relationships between people in a group.
• Based on the fact that people make choices in interpersonal
relationships.

7. DEFINITION
• Sociometry it is a define as the
study of relationships within a
group of people
group of people
• According to K.P. Neeraja

8. • Sociometry is “a method for, describing,
discovering and evaluating social status,
structure, and development through
measuring the extent of acceptance or
rejection between individuals in groups
rejection between individuals in groups
According to Jaspreet Kaur Sodhi.

9. • The inquiry into the development
and organization of groups and
Measurement of social
Measurement of social
interaction.
According to Poonam Joshi

10. • Purpose of Sociometry
•Measurement of relatedness
•To learn the interaction and the structure of a
group
•Assessment of behavior within groups
•To measure group characteristics- such as
•To measure group characteristics- such as
cohesiveness , morale, bonding etc
•Improving communication
•To shows the patterns of how individuals
associate with each other when acting as a
group toward a specified end or goal.

11. Type of Sociometry
• Two main branches
1. Research sociometry
2. Applied sociometry

12. •  Research sociometry
• is action research with groups exploring the socio-
emotional networks of relationships using
specified criteria.
• Example : – Who in this group do you want to sit
beside you at work?
• – Who in the group do you go to for advice on a
work problem?
work problem?
• – Who in the group do you see providing
satisfying leadership in the pending project?
•  Sometimes called network explorations,
research sociometry is concerned with relational
patterns in small (individual and small group) and
larger populations, such as organizations and
neighborhoods.

13. Applied sociometrists
• Applied sociometrists utilize a range of
methods to assist people and groups
review, expand and develop their existing
psycho-social networks of relationships.
psycho-social networks of relationships.
•

14. USES
OF
OF
SOCIOMETRY

15. • It enables the teacher to get a comprehensive
pictures of The structures of social relationship.
• It is special method of obtaining the
information through oral question return
response and analyzing the record in studying
response and analyzing the record in studying
the group.
• It is technique where by each member is asked
to state to state the kind of relationship.

16. Con…..
• It useful in assigning committees for student.
• it enhance the setting up small group
• It help organize class projects.
• The technique is simple is use and speedy in
administration.

17. • It help in curricular activity like formatter of group
partners for specific activity.
• Study relationship among members to improve
them.
• To organize classroom groups.
• To organize classroom groups.
• To assist those who have become isolate in the
group.
• To assign responsibility to the member of the
group

18. •  Sociometric measurements can be used to study
the type of interaction and factors affecting the
interaction.
•  It is also used to measure group characteristics-
•  It is also used to measure group characteristics-
such as cohesiveness, morale, bonding etc.
•  It can also be used to measure individual
characteristics such as leadership, aggressiveness,
liberalism ( soft nature ) and conservatism

19. •  Any personality factor that is related to
interpersonal attraction can be measured
sociometrically.
•  Sociometry provides a bird‟s eye view of
group structure and at the same time
group structure and at the same time
indicates the degree of social attraction
possessed by members of the group

20. LIMITATION
OF
OF
SOCIOMETRY

21. LIMITATION OF SOCIOMETRY
• A . Not necessarily stable relationship.
• B . Some members of the group may
• B . Some members of the group may
not reveal their real relationships on
account of some fear or other
considerations.
•

22. SOCIOMETRIC CRITERIA
• Sociometry is based on the fact that
people make choices in interpersonal
relationships .
• Choices are always made on some basis
• Choices are always made on some basis
or criterion .
• The criterion may be subjective , such as
an intuitive feeling of liking or disliking a
person on first impression .

23. • The criterion may be more objective and
conscious , such as knowing that a person
does or does not have certain skills needed for
the group task .

24. PROCESS OF SOCIOMETRY
PROCESS OF SOCIOMETRY

25. • A sociogram is an important tools for teachers
The sociogram is the chart used to actually
apply sociometry in the classroom .
• It charts the interrelationship within a group .
• It purpose is to discover group structures and
the relation of any one person to the group as
a whole.

26. • Its value to the teacher is in its potentiality for developing
greater understanding of group behavior so that he may
operate more wisely in group management and curriculum
• This shows the positive nature of sociometry and the use
of it is important for understanding the relationships within
classrooms .
Once this relationship is understood by the teacher , group
Once this relationship is understood by the teacher , group
work can be better facilitated for greater learning to Occur .
• The data for the sociogram may also be displayed as a
table or matrix of each person's choices . Such a table is
called a sociomatrix .

27. •Sociometric Techniques

28. Sociometric Techniques
• 1. Sociogram
• 2. Sociometric
• 3. Guess-Who Technique
• 3. Guess-Who Technique
• 4. Social Distance Scale

29. SOCIOGRAM
• A sociogram is a graphic
representation of social links
that a person has. It is a graph
that a person has. It is a graph
drawing that plots the structure
of interpersonal relations in a
group situation.

31. SOCIOMETRIC TECHNIQUES
• Sociometric techniques are methods
that qualitatively measure aspects
of social relationships, such as social
of social relationships, such as social
acceptance (i.e., how much an
individual is liked by peers) and social
status (i.e., child's social standing in
comparison to peers

32. GUESS-WHO TECHNIQUE
• The guess-who technique was developed
by Hartshorne and May (1929). Guess who
technique' is used to study Interpersonal
Relations.
• a type of personality rating device used chiefly in
• a type of personality rating device used chiefly in
schools. Students are given short word pictures
describe a variety of personality types and are
directed to identify the classmates whose
personalities seem to correspond most closely to
those descriptions.

33. Social Distance Scale
• social distance scale is defined as a scale
that measures varying degrees of
closeness in people towards other
members of diverse social, ethnic or
members of diverse social, ethnic or
racial groups. It measures the degrees of
warmth, hostility , indifference or
intimacy between these groups.