The document discusses social control, which it defines as the ways that society influences human behavior to maintain social order. It provides definitions of social control from several sociologists that reference the use of norms, the state, coercion, and conformity to social patterns. The document also discusses that social control is exercised through both formal means like laws and education as well as informal means like customs, traditions, and social institutions. The main purposes of social control are to bring about conformity within a group or society and to reduce criminal behavior. One theory of social control discussed is Hirschi's social bond theory, which proposes that attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief help foster a lawful environment.

1. SOCIAL CONTROL
Dr. Vijay Kumar
Teacher Educator, Apeejay
Stya University, India

2. SOCIAL CONTROL
The way society controls behavior of members of society
 through norms, practices, or
 through the state and compelling forces
 Social control is the sum of those methods by which a society tries to
influence human behavior to maintain a given order- Mannheim
 Social control is the way in which entire social order coheres and maintains
itself- how it operates as a whole as a changing equilibrium- Maclver
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3. CONT…
The patterns of pressure that a society exerts to maintain order and established
rules is social control- Ogburn and Nimkoff
Social control is that system of measures, suggestions, persuasions, restraint
and coercion by whatever means including physical force by which a society
brings into conformity to the approved pattern of behavior or subgroup or by
which a group molds into conformity its members.- Gillin and Gillin
Social control is a corrective for inadequate socialization- Lapiere
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4. CONT…
Social control social behaviors which influence individuals or groups
towards conformity to established or desired norms. G.A Lundberg
Social control is the use of coercion, force, restraint, suggestion or
persuasion of one group over another or of a group over its members
or of persons over others to enforce the prescribed rules of the game.
These rules may be set down by the members themselves as in a
professional code of ethics or they may be those laid down by a
larger, more inclusive group for the regulation of other smaller
groups- Kimball Young
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5. WHY SOCIAL CONTROL?
Society in order to exist and progress has to exercise a certain control
over its members
Since any marked deviation from the established ways is considered a
threat to its welfare/EXISTENCE/STABILITY
Such control has been termed by sociologists as social control.
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6. Social Control
Choice
Adheres to the
Social norms
Force
Following Laws,
Acts, Rules etc.
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7. Means of
Social Control
Formal
State, Law, Education
etc.
Formal Institutions
controls deviance
Relationship is not
direct, close and
intimate
Informal
Customs, Traditions,
Folkways, Mores and
Tradition
Social Institutions like
family, marriage,
religion etc
Relationship is direct,
close and intimate
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8. PURPOSE OF SOCIAL CONTROL
To bring about conformity in a particular group or society
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9. SOCIAL CONTROL THEORIES
Social Control Theories helps in understanding and reducing levels of
criminal activities
Individual’s basic belief system, values, morals, commitment and
relationships foster a lawful environment.
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10. SOCIAL BOND THEORY OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Social bond Theory of Social Control–Travis hirschi (1969)
Includes four elements
 Attachment- to other individuals
 Commitment- to following rules
 Involvement- to typical social behaviour
 Belief – a basic values system
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