Research ethics by dr vijay kumar, teacher educator

RESEARCH ETHICS:
BASICS
Dr. Vijay Kumar
Teacher Educator
School of Education
Apeejay Stya University
Gurgaon (Delhi NCR), Hr.

CODE OF ETHICS
Principles/Standards: Standards of professional behaviour
Why/What/how/when/where/ is given
Guidelines for integrity: Guide us to act with integrity, especially towards
participants in the research
Professional competence: ethical obligation is technical competence
Credibility: increase credibility of our research results, research is
considered high value
ASA has given five basic principles as follows
26-04-2021 RESEARCH ETHICS: BASICS BY DR. VIJAY KUMAR, TEACHER EDUCATOR 2

AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
(1999)
Professional Competence
Integrity
Professional and Scientific responsibility
Respect for people’s rights, dignity and diversity
Social responsibility
Associated with these are certain professional standards given as
follows:

PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS
Adherence to the highest possible technical standards
Ensuring that researcher is competent in his/her research
Correct representation of researcher’s own expertise
No discrimination, exploitation or harassment
Avoidance of conflicts of interest or their appearance
Protection of confidentiality
Seeking informed consent
Avoidance of plagiarism

SEEKING PERMISSION TO RESEARCH
Permission
Approval needed
from authorities
Obtaining informed
consent from
participants

APPROVAL NEEDED FROM AUTHORITIES
Approval from
Academic Body
•ASU
Approval from
Authority
•Delhi Govt
School/RWA/Head
of family
Lay out formal
procedures
and rules

APPROVAL NEEDED FROM AUTHORITIES
Approval required from one’s academic/research institution
Different institution have different rules for approval
once approved by academic institution,
Subsequent approval needed from officials needed under whose
jurisdiction you want to carry out your research
EXAMPLE :
https://www.ndnu.edu/academics/research/permission-to-
conduct-study/
https://education.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/275862/a
pplication-to-conduct-research.pdf

EX.: RESEARCH IN SCHOOL
For it, we need to take permission from education director
School principals do not entertain request if not approved by
director
Complaint: too much research is interrupting classes
 department set up procedures to vet requests
Why procedures?

PROCEDURES ARE MADE TO ENSURE
THAT
Research is legitimate
The researcher has appropriate credentials
Research is consistent with departmental policy
Potentially useful to the education system
It will not be disruptive
Its ethical
Department just want that students’ learning is not interrupted
unnecessarily

CAUSES OF DELAY
Bureaucratic delays
Organization procrastinate (defer action)-
don’t want their activities exposed to outsiders,
don’t want outsiders interrupt their activities

SOLUTION
Procedures are often slow, sometimes frustrating
So researcher should think ahead and apply as soon as
possible
Research project should be practical, does not require outside
approvals

INFORMED CONSENT FROM
PARTICIPANTS
 Process of telling potential research participants about
 the key elements of a research study and
 what their participation will involve.
 One of the central components of the ethical conduct of research
with human subjects.
 Typically includes providing a written consent document
containing the required information
elements of informed consent and
the presentation of that information to prospective participants

STEPS OF INFORMED CONSENT
Tell participants purpose of research
Tell them what you will do with the results
Answer their question about the research
Ask their permission to continue
Respect their right to refuse to participate
Respect their right to withdraw from any stage

https://res
earch-
complianc
e.umich.ed
u/sites/de
fault/files/
elements_
of_informe
d_consent.
pdf
Source:
University
of
Michigan

CHILD ASSENT SCRIPT (AGE 3-6)
“TITLE OF STUDY”
[STUDY TEAM]
I am trying to learn more about [describe in simple terms]. I would
like you to help me by [describe what the child will be asked to do].
Your parent(s) said it would be okay but it is up to you to decide if
you want to. It is okay for you to say NO. If we start and you want to
stop, just tell me. That’s okay too. Would you like to [talk/play/etc.]?

RESPONSIBILITIES

CONFIDENTIALITY

FEEDBACK

PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH

REFERENCES
1. Guthrie, Gerard. (2010). Basic Research Methods. Sage Publications India Ltd.
New Delhi (pp. 15-23)
2. https://research-compliance.umich.edu/informed-consent-guidelines
3. https://research-
compliance.umich.edu/sites/default/files/elements_of_informed_consent.pdf
4. https://www.who.int/groups/research-ethics-review-committee/guidelines-
on-submitting-research-proposals-for-ethics-review/templates-for-
informed-consent-forms
5. https://education.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/275862/application
-to-conduct-research.pdf
6. https://www.ndnu.edu/academics/research/permission-to-conduct-study/

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