2. SOCIALIZATION
- A continuing process whereby an individual
acquires a personal identity and learns the
norms, values, behavior and social skills
appropriate to his and her personal position.
- It teaches how to behave and act within our
society.
- A continuous life process.
3. SOCIALIZATION POINTS OF
VIEW
a. OBJECTIVE SOCIALIZATION – refers to the
society acting upon the child.
b. SUBJECTIVE SOCIALIZATION – process by
which society transmits its culture from one
generation to the next and adapts the
individual to the accepted and approved
ways of organized social life.
4. FUNCTIONS OF SOCIALIZATION
1. Personality Development – develop our
sense of identity and belongingness.
2. Skills Development and Training –
development of social skills such as
communication, interpersonal, and
occupational.
3. Values Formation- individuals are
influenced or engulfed by the prevailing
values of social groups and society.
5. FUNCTIONS OF SOCIALIZATION
4. Social Integration and Adjustment – the
socialization process allows us to fit-in an
organized way of life by being accustomed
including cultural setting.
5. Social Control and Stability – integration
to society binds individuals to the control
mechanisms set forth by society’s norms
with regard to acceptable social relationships
and social behavior.
6. IMPORTANCE OF SOCIALIZATION
For human development- to grow and function
socially.
Culture – internalized
Individual – imbibes it and influence others.
SOCIALIZATION IS
VITAL TO:
CULTURE
PERSONALITY
SEX ROLE
DIFFERENTIATION
7. AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
Guides every individual in
understanding what is
happening in the society.
Social Norms – formed to
control individual behavior in a
given society.
Norms - include society’s
standard of morality, good
manners, integrity, and
legality.
Forms of Norms:
Folkways
Mores
Laws
8. FORMS OF SOCIAL NORMS
FOLKWAYS
• Customary patterns that specify what is socially correct and proper in
everyday life.
• Repetitive or the typical habits and patterns of expected behavior followed
within a group of community.
MORES
• Define what is morally right and wrong.
• Folkways with ethical and moral significance which are strongly held and
emphasized.
LAWS
• Norms that are enforced formally by a special political organization.
• Component of culture that regulates and controls the peoples behavior and
conduct.
9. VALUES
* Peter Worsley – “the good”, ideas about the
kind of ends that people should pursue
throughout their lives and the many activities
that they are engaged with.
* Values are relative depending on its context.
* Fundamental Values – patriotism, respect
for human dignity, rationality, sacrifice,
individuality, equality, democracy, and etc.
10. VALUE ORIENTATIONS
OF SOCIETIES
According to
Robin William
Achievement and
Success
Activity and Work
Moral Orientation
Humanitarianism
Efficiency and
Practicality
According to
Jaime Bulatao, S.J.
Emotional Closeness
and Security
Authority Value
Economic and Social
Betterment
Patience, Suffering,
and Endurance
11. SOCIAL STATUS
• refers to the position an individual occupies in
society and implies an array of rights and duties.
Ascribed Status
• Assigned by birth
• Little personal choice on sex
and age
• Expectations of behavior
Achieved Status
• Acquired by choice, merit or effort
• Possible through special abilities
and talents, performance or
opportunities
• Choice in occupation, marriage
and religious organization.
12. Conformity and Deviance
Erwin Goffman in The Presentation of Self in
Everyday Life, everyone is playing a role in their
respective societies.
CONFORMITY
choosing an action that a majority favors or
that is socially acceptable.
DEVIANCE
choosing an action that is not socially
acceptable or that a majority does not favor.
13. TYPES OF CONFORMITY
* Compliance or Group Acceptance – adopts
the induced behavior to gain specific rewards
and approval to avoid punishment.
* Internalization or Genuine Acceptance of
Group Norms – adopts the behavior because
of its congruency with his value system.
* Identification or Group Membership –
conforms to the expectation of social role.
* Ingratiational – conforms to impress, to be
“in”.
14. FUNCTIONS OF DEVIANCE
• Ronald W. Smith and Frederick W. Preston outlined some
functions which deviance performs to support the social system
in the following:
Deviance serves as an outlet for diverse forms
of expressions.
Deviance serves to define the limits of
acceptable behavior.
Deviance may also promote in-group
solidarity.
Deviance can serve as a barometer of social
strain.
15. SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF DEVIANCE
CONTROL
THEORY
STRAIN
THEORY
FUNCTIONALIST
THEORY
EMILE
DURKHEIM
There is
nothing
abnormal in
deviance.
Deviance
• Affirms
cultural
values and
norms.
• Clarifies
moral
boundary.
• Promotes
social unity.
• Encourages
social
change.
ROBERT MERTON
In an unequal society, the tension or
strain between socially approved goals in
an individual’s ability to meet those
goals through socially approved means
will lead to deviance.
Forms of Deviance:
• Conformity – accepts cultural goal of
success and legitimate means for
achieving goals.
• Innovation - accepts cultural goal of
success but rejects socially accepted
means of achieving it –illegitimate
means.
• Ritualism – rejects the importance of
success.
• Retreatism- withdrawal from society,
caring neither about success nor about
working.
• Rebellion – when people reject and
attempt to change both the goals and
means approved by society.
TRAVIS
HIRSCHI
Social
institutions
contribute to
social order
by
controlling
deviant
tendencies
in every
individual.
16. SOCIAL CONTROL OF DEVIANCE
• Social control refers to the efforts of a group or
society to regulate the behavior of its members in
conformity with the established norms.
Types of Sanction
Informal Sanction
Unofficial,
casual
pressures
to conform
Positive
informal
sanction
with
rewards
Negative
informal
sanctions
with
penalties
Formal Sanction
Official,
institution
alized
Needed in
large
complex
societies
Criminal
Justice
System for
Social
Control
Made in
the form of
arrest, trial
and
imprison-
ment
17. HUMAN RIGHTS AND DIGNITY
• Human Rights are natural rights of all
human beings whatever their nationality,
religion, ethnicity, sex, language, and
color.
• All are EQUALLY entitled To our human
rights without discrimination.
• Human Rights = HUMAN DIGNITY
– were all rights are fundamentally derived.
18. RIGHTS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
• Natural Rights – inherent to
man and given by God.
• Constitutional Rights –
from the fundamental charter
of the country.
• Statutory Rights – provided
by a lawmaking body.
• Civil Rights – specified
under the Bill of Rights.
• Economic Rights – rights to
property
• Political Rights – rights
enjoyed by being a member of
a body.
Rights of
Human
Beings
Natural
Rights
Consti-
tutional
Rights
Statutory
Rights
Civil
Rights
Political
Rights
Economic
Rights
