This document describes a smart surveillance system using passive infrared sensors that was developed by a group of students. The system uses a PIR sensor to detect motion and trigger a camera to take photos, which are then stored on an SD card. When motion is detected, the camera, an LED for lighting, and a buzzer are activated. The system is controlled by an Arduino microcontroller. The document outlines the components, connection architecture, theory of operation, and applications of the system, concluding that it provides a low-cost security solution.

1. Smart Surveillance
System using Passive
Infrared Sensor
SUBMITTED BY-
ROHAN PAL
SHOUVIK SARMA CHOWDHURY
SOURABH KUMAR BHATTACHARJEE
SOURAV HORE
SOURAV SARKAR
GUIDED BY-
MRS. RIKTA MAJUMDAR

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Motivation
 Objective
 Components used
 Connection Architecture
 Theory
 Thesis organization
 Technique used in project
 Application
 Advantages
 Future Development
 Conclusion
 References

3. INTRODUCTION
 A surveillance system is called smart when it requires almost no
involvement of humans in other words we can say that it has its own
intelligence. A surveillance system means the close observation especially
of a suspected object.
 A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that
measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. They
are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors.

4. MOTIVATION
 Crimes have become a part of our daily life. News articles everyday are
mostly of crimes. Theft, robbery, burglary are the most common of crimes.
With the progress in technology various attempts has been made to
prevent crimes. The most popular technology implemented successfully to
prevent crime is closed circuit camera recording. The main disadvantage of
this technology is the excessive requirement of memory to store data. So,
to overcome this problem we decided to build a model which requires
least space to store its data.

5. OBJECTIVE
 To develop a hardware experimental model of surveillance system
using PIR sensor.
 To demonstrate its operation and utility.

6. COMPONENTS USED
 9V Batteries
 PIR Sensor
 Arduino board
 Bread board
 JPEG camera
 Buzzer
 Few LED
 Jumper wires
 Barrel connectors
 Resistors
 SD Card
 USB cables

7. CONNECTION
ARCHITECTURE

8. THEORY
 A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that
measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. They
are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors.
 All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit heat energy in
the form of radiation. Usually this radiation isn't visible to the human
eye because it radiates at infrared wavelengths, but it can be detected by
electronic devices designed for such a purpose.
 The term passive in this instance refers to the fact that PIR devices do not
generate or radiate energy for detection purposes. They work entirely by
detecting infrared radiation emitted by or reflected from objects. They do
not detect or measure "heat".

9. THESIS ORGANISATION
 Whenever the PIR sensor detects any motion it sends signal to the
microcontroller, which in turn sends a signal to the LED and camera to turn
on (at a delay of few milliseconds). The function of the LED is to enlighten
the object near the sensor. The camera instantaneously takes photos of the
object and sends it to the microcontroller to be stored in the external
memory (in this case SD card). Immediately after that the microcontroller
sends signal to the buzzer and it gets activated. The action continues as
long as the object remains near the sensor. After the object moves away
from the sensor the action continues for 15 more seconds after which the
microcontroller sends signal to the buzzer, LEDs and camera to turn off.

10. TECHNIQUE USED IN PROJECT
Our project model is mainly based on the motion detection technique by
PIR sensor. The camera gets activated whenever a signal is obtained from
the sensor. The entire system is controlled and coordinated by a
microcontroller which in our case is ARDUINO (UNO).

11. APPLICATION
 PIR sensors has a lot of applications in real life some of them are as follows: -
 For security purpose
 For focusing
 For counting living beings
 For temperature measurement etc.
 Among the above uses our project model is concerned with the security purpose. This
model can be used to prevent burglary in houses and offices. In high security places
like banks this model can be very useful.

 Our project has a wide scope of application and modification in future. It can be
developed further by addition of several new accessories. For example, the model can
be connected to the internet with the help of a router enabling us to get alerts
anywhere in our mobile phones. The same can be done by connecting the model to a
sim card modem. Alerts can be obtained through the network of the sim card.

12. ADVANTAGES
 Thus I have designed a smart surveillance system capable of capturing
video and transmitting to a smart phone
 It offers reliability and privacy on both sides
 It is portable because of using mobile technology

13. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
 The complete hardware model of our project is yet to be made. However,
an approximate sketch of the block diagram and connection diagram is
made which is shown below.

14. FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
 The number of people located exactly on a area and their position can be
monitored
 The voice alarm can be added to this system
 In future, the devices such as fan, light, TV, washing machine can also be
controlled

15. REFERENCES
 www.google.com
 www.youtube.com
 M. Shankar, 1. Burchett, Q. Hao, B. Guenther, "Human tracking systems Using pyroelectric
infrared detectors", Optical Engineering. 10, no. 45, pp. 106401(01-10), Oct. 2006.
 Huang; Chao-Chun Yeh ―Real-Time Video Surveillance over IEEE 802.11 Mesh Networks―
,IEEE Conference on 2009.
 Bilal Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Sharif, Mudassar Raza, Tariq Umer,Khalid Hussain ―An
Approach for Surveillance Using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)‖, Journal of Information
& Communication Technology, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2009.
 Anurag Kumar,, Bharadwaj Amrutur ―Wireless sensor networks for human intruder
detection‖ ,Journal of the Indian Institute of Science ,VOL 90:3 Jul–Sep 2010.

16. CONCLUSION
In this surveillance system PIR sensor has been used which is low power &
low cost. It have a wide lens range & are easy to interface with
microcontrollers. This security system can be implemented in office, shops
etc. In addition to this, this system can be equipped with glass break
detectors to enhance the level of protection. This is a very low high value
system.

17. THANK YOU
We sincerely thank our guide Mrs. Rikta Majumdar for mentoring us &
always supporting our endeavor.
We would to also like to thank our beloved & ever helpful EE dept.,GNIT
for always helping us & standing by our side.
We would also like to thank our beloved classmates of EE2,GNIT for
encouraging & helping us.