This document discusses smart sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins with introducing the group members and then outlines topics to be covered such as definitions of smart sensors, their evolution, examples of smart sensors used in IoT applications, and the benefits of a world connected by smart sensors and IoT. Specific types of smart sensors are explained in more detail such as temperature, proximity, pressure, gas, accelerometer, level, motion detection, optical, and gyroscope sensors. Applications of smart sensors for smart cities, utilities, and environmental monitoring are presented. Both pros and cons of smart sensors are listed.

1. Smart Sensors

2. Hello!We are:
 Supriya Gorai
 Souvik Mandal
 Subhranil Ghosh
 Sourav Nag
 Soumyo Ghosh Dastiditar
 Ritaban Mukhopadhyay
 Nilanjana Mandal
 Sk. Sayeer Mandal

3. Contents
 Acknowledgement
 What is Smart sensor?
 Shift to Smarter sensor
 Evolution
 Third-Fourth-Fifth
 Block Diagram
 IoT
 Top IoT Smart Sensors
 Temperature Sensor
 Proximity Sensor
 Pressure Sensor
 Gas & Smoke Sensor
 Accelerometer Sensor
 Level Sensor
 Motion Detection Sensor
 Optical Sensor
 Gyroscope Sensor
 Water Quality Sensor
 A Smarter World
 Pros and Cons
 Video
 Credits

4. Acknowlegment
We would like to thank our teachers Mr. Ayushman
Banerjee sir and Mrs. Nira Konar ma’am for his excellent
guidance and immense support, throughout this presentation.
A special note of thanks to our friends and classmates, who
directly or indirectly helped us in making this presentation a
success.

5. What is Smart Sensor?
A sensor is basically an element that produces a
signal relating to the quantity to be measured.
A sensor producing an output when combined with
some interfacing hardwares is termed to be an intelligent
or smart sensor, which is a more acceptable term now.
Sensors + Interfacing Hardwares = Smart Sensors
This type of sensor is different from other type
because it carries out functions like ranging, calibration and
decision making for communications and utilization of data.

6. Now a days, sensors
come integrated
with many sensing
elements within a
single silicon chip,
providing high
accuracy , user-
friendliness,
accessibility and
flexibility making
sensors smarter and
intelligent.
It uses both standard
bus or wireless
network to
communicate with
one another or with
microcontrollers.
Intelligent sensor
consists of a chain of
analog and digital
blocks, each of which
provides a specific
function.
Shift to Smarter Sensors

7. Evolution
First Generation Devices
Little electronics with MEMS(Micro-
Electro-Mechanical-System) sensor
element combined with analog
amplification on a micro chip.
Fourth Generation Sensors
Addition of memory cells for
calibration.
Third Generation Sensors
Digital Intelligence and temperature
compensation on the same micro chip as before.
Second Generation Sensors
Pure analog system. Had MEMS sensor with
analog amplification and ADC converter
Fifth Generation Sensors
Equivalent to intelligent or today’s
smart sensors.

8. Third-Fourth-Fifth
Third Generation
Sensors
Fourth Generation
Sensors
Fifth Generation
Sensors

9. Block Diagram
Display
Sensor
Communication
Offset Adjustment and
Temperature
Compensation
Memory
Processor
ADC DSP
Interface
Module
Amplifying
and
Conditioning

10. “
Smart Sensors will fuel the
Age of Smart Everything.

11. IoT
The Internet of Things is the concept of
connecting any device to the Internet and to
other connected devices. The IoT is a giant
network of connected and share data about
the way they are used and about the
environment around them.
That includes an extraordinary number of
objects- from smart microwaves, which
automatically cook your food, to self- driving
cars, and then to wearable fitness devices that
measure your heart rate and uses information
to suggest exercise plans.

12. Top IoT Smart Sensors
Temperature Sensors
Proximity Sensor
Pressure Sensor
Gas & Smoke Sensor
Accelerometer Sensors
Level Sensors
Image Sensors
Motion Detection Sensors
Optical Sensors
Gyroscope Sensors

13. Temperature Sensors
A device, used to measure amount of heat energy that allows to
detect a physical change in temperature from a particular source and
converts the data for a device or user, is known as a Temperature
Sensor.
Thermisters RTD Infrared Sensor IC (Semiconductor)

14. Proximity Sensors
A device that detects the presence or absence of a nearby object, or
properties of that object, and converts it into signal which can be
easily read by user or a simple electronic instrument without getting
in contact with them.
Ultrasonic Sensor PhotoElectric Sensor Capacitive Proximity Sensor

15. Pressure Sensors
A pressure sensor is a device that senses pressure and converts it
into an electric signal. Here, the amount depends upon the level of
pressure applied.
Air Pressure Sensor Water Pressure Sensor Low Pressure Sensor

16. Gas & Smoke Sensors
Gas sensors re specifically used to monitor changes of the air quality
and detect the presence of various gases. A smoke sensor is a device
that senses smoke (airborne particulates & gases ) and it’s level.
LPG Sensor Alcohol Sensor
Photoelectric Smoke
Sensor
Ionization Smoke
Sensor

17. Accelerometer Sensors
Accelerometer is a transducer that is used to measure the physical or
measurable acceleration experienced by an object due to inertial
forces and converts the mechanical motion into an electrical output.
Linear Hall-Effect
Accelerometer
Piezoelectric
Accelerometer
Capacitive
Accelerometer

18. Level Sensors
A sensor which is used to determining the level or amount of fluids,
liquids or other substances that flow in an open or closed system is
called Level sensor.
Liquid Level Sensor Capacitive Level Sensor Float Type Level Sensor

19. Motion Detection Sensors
A motion detector is an electronic device which is used to detect the
physical movement(motion) in a given area and it transforms motion
into an electric signal ; motion of any object or motion of human
beings.
Ultrasonic Sensor
PIR(Passive Infrared)
Sensor Microwave Sensor

20. Optical Sensors
A sensor which measures the physical quantity of light rays and
convert it into electrical signal which can be easily readable by user or
an electronic instrument/device is called optical sensor.
Photodetecter Pyrometer Infrared Sensor Proximity Sensor

21. Gyroscope Sensors
A sensor or device which is used to measure the angular rate or
angular velocity is known as Gyro sensors. The most important
application is monitoring the orientation of an object.
Ring Laser Gyroscope Optical Gyroscope Digital Gyroscope Vibrating Gyroscope

22. Water Quality Sensors
Water quality sensors are used to detect the water quality and Ion
monitoring primarily in water distribution systems.
pH Sensor Turbidity Sensor Water Conductivity Sensor

23. A Smarter World
Security
&
Emergenc
ies
Smart
Metering
Smart
Water
Smart
Environ
ment
Smart
Cities
Smart Packing
Smartphone Detection
Traffic Congestion
Smart Lighting
Waste Management
Smart Roads
Portable Water Monitoring
Chemical Leak Detection
Pollution Level
Water Leakages
River Floods
Perimeter Access Control
Liquid Presence
Radiation Levels
Explosive and Hazardous
Gases
Forest Fire Detection
Air Pollution
Snow Level Monitoring
Landslide Prevention
Earthquake Detection.
Smart Grid
Tank Level
Photovoltaic Installations
Water Flow

24. Smart
Sensors
Pros and Cons
Minimum Interconnecting
Cables
High Reliability and
Performance
Easy to Design, Use and
Maintain
Small Rugged Packaging
and Flexible System
Contains both actuators &
sensors, so complex circuitry
Cost of Wired Smart
Sensors are higher
Calibration requires an
External Processor
Predefined Embedded
Functions have to be given
during the design

25. Credits
Special thanks to all the resources:
◇ Presentation template by SlidesCarnival
◇ Information by SlideShare,
Electronicsforu and Finoit.com/blog
◇ Diagrams by AllPPT

26. Thanks!
Any questions?