This document describes the design of an autonomous firefighting robot. The robot uses various sensors and components to locate and extinguish fires on its own without human assistance. It is equipped with IR fire sensors to detect the direction of fires, a motor driver and DC motors to navigate towards the fire, and a servo motor mounted water pump to extinguish fires. The goal is to create a robot that can reduce fire accidents and save lives and property through fully autonomous fire detection and response.

2.  The principles used in this design are such that enable our
robot to be extended to a more robust system to be used to
combat actual fires in residential or commercial settings.
 The main requirement of this project is to create a robot that
is fully autonomous.
 This means that once the robot is started by the user, it
navigates, searches for, and extinguishes the fire on its own,
with no assistance or input from the user.
In order to reach this goal, we made many critical decisions on
motors, sensors, fire extinguishing mechanical parts and general
design for our robot.
Lastly, we wanted our robot to not only accomplish these

4. Arduino uno(R3)
Motor driver IC(L293D)
DC motor(300rpm)
Pump
Servo motor micro(SG90)
Chases
Connecting wires
Fire sensors
Dc supply (12v)

5. Arduino: Arduino is a hardware and software company that
designs and manufactures single board microcontrollers.
The Arduino language is merely a set of C/C++ functions that
can be called from your code.
The microcontroller used is ATmega328.
It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM
outputs),6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a
power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

6. L293D motor driver IC: A motor driver is an integrated
circuit chip which is usually used to control motors in
autonomous robots. Motor driver act as an interface
between Arduino and the motors. These ICs are designed
to control 2 DC motors simultaneously.

7. Servo motor(SG90): Servo Motors are used in applications
where very high precision motion is required like assembly
robots, computer numeric controls etc.
•Servo can rotate approximately 180 degrees. (90 in each
direction)

8. IR Fire sensors: These types of sensors are used
for short range fire detection and can be used to
monitor projects or as a safety precaution to cut
devices off / on.
This unit is mostly accurate up to about 3 feet.
The sensor basically detects IR (Infra-Red) light
wavelength between 760 nm – 1100 nm (Nano
meter) that is emitted from fire flame.

9. The main brain of this project is the Arduino, but in-order to sense fire we
use the Fire sensor module (flame sensor).
When fire burns it emits a small amount of Infra-red light, this light will be
received by the IR receiver on the sensor module.
So, we place three such sensors in three directions of the robot to sense on
which direction the fire is burning.

11. We detect the direction of the fire we can use the
motors to move near the fire by driving our motors
through the L293D module.
When near a fire we have to put it out using water.
Using a small container, we can carry water, a 5V pump
is also placed in the container and the whole container is
placed on top of a servo motor so that we can control
the direction in which the water has to be sprayed.

14. In this project we aim to reduce the effect of fires accidents
which usually start from small flame, therefore people life and
money would be saved.
The robot can successfully find fire and reach it without
without running into obstacle.

15. ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7251507/ieeexplore.ieee.org/documen
t/7251507/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269406029_Fire_Fi ghting_Robot
https://www.slideshare.net/vibs1893/fire-fighting-robot-using-8051-
microcontroller
https://www.ijettcs.org/Volume2Issue4/IJETTCS-2013-08-13- 084.pdf

16. THANK YOU
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