This document presents a method for synthesizing a smart material for biomedical applications using copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). It begins with an objective and lists the chemicals, apparatus, and theory needed. Copper possesses antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties making it suitable for medical devices. The procedure involves preparing an aqueous leaf extract, synthesizing CuO NPs by adding the extract to copper acetate and heating, and finally furnacing the mixture to obtain the smart material.
2. OBJECTIVE :To synthesize a smart material for biomedical applications
CHEMICALS REQUIRED : copper acetate mono hydrate
(Cu(CH3COO)2.H2O), leaf extract of any plant , double distilled water.
APPARATUS : burette, beakers, standard flask, pipette, burette stand, buckner
funnel, magnetic stirrer, magnetic beads
3. THEORY
Smart materials also known as intelligent or stimuliresponsive
materials, can be defined as those ,materials with modulable
properties in a controllable and predictable way through external
stimuli such as mechanical (stress,pressure , …..) physical
(temperature, light, ……), chemical (PH , humidity, ….) and
electromagnetic changes. Properties change of smart materials
can include molecular chain structure, solubility, surface
structure, and swelling or dissociation behaviour . Smart
materials are inspired by nature , where smartness of
microstructures results from the functional groups and the shape
of self assembly of molecules and atoms
4. In similar way , smart materials use non-covalent interactions
such as hydrogen bonding , Electrostatics and π- π stacking . in
analytical chemistry, smart materials have been previously
defined as those tailored , task specific , or designed materials ,
sometimes mimicking the nature , that provide significant
enhancement of practical properties
5. Copper oxide as a smart material
copper posses intrensic anti bacterial , antifungal, and anti-
inflammatory properties which make copper-based nanomaterials a
suitable candidate for designing microbes-resistent medical
devices,ointments, and bandages. Moreover , copper is an essential
trace element that is required as a cofactor for normal functioning of
various metabolic enzymes.
6. This property can be used to synthesize anti-tumor formulations that induce
killing of tumor/diseased cells by altering the intracellular level of copper ions.
Due to their small size, they are easily accessible to the micron-sized human
cellular entity can readily interact with the biomolecules present on the cell
surface and intracellularly . Considering the distinctive properties of copper , Cuo
based nanomaterials are gaining importance in biomedical sciences
8. PROCEDURE
PREPARATION OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT
Leaves are washed and dried in the dark . To 20g of dried leaves , 100 ml
of distilled water is added and boiled for 5min . The mixture is passed through
a wad of cotton and then filtered through whatman no . 1 filter paper . The
aqueous extract is stored at 4°c for further use in the synthesis
9. SYNTHESIS OF CUO NPs
green synthesis of cuo NPs is carried out by the addition of 30ml leaf
extract to 1g of copper acetate mono hydrate (CU(CH3COO)2.H2O). The
reaction is performed at 70 °c in a water bath with continuous stirring until
the formation of brown colored paste . Then , it is transferred to a ceramic
crucible cup and heated in furnace for 4h at 500 °c. Finally , the dark green
is obtained which is used for further studies
